Soon afterward
This phrase indicates a continuation of the narrative from the previous chapter, suggesting a seamless transition in the ministry of Jesus. The Greek word used here, "καθεξῆς" (kathexēs), implies a sequence or order, emphasizing the ongoing and deliberate nature of Jesus' mission. Historically, this reflects the itinerant nature of Jesus' ministry, as He moved from place to place, spreading His message. This phrase sets the stage for the unfolding of His purposeful journey, reminding us of the relentless dedication of Christ to His divine mission.

Jesus traveled
The act of traveling underscores the active and dynamic nature of Jesus' ministry. The Greek verb "διεπορεύετο" (dieporeueto) conveys movement and progress, highlighting Jesus' commitment to reaching people where they were. This reflects the historical context of first-century Palestine, where travel was often arduous and challenging. Jesus' willingness to travel demonstrates His compassion and determination to bring the message of the Kingdom to all, regardless of the effort required.

from one town and village to another
This phrase illustrates the comprehensive scope of Jesus' ministry. The Greek words "πόλιν" (polin) for town and "κώμην" (kōmēn) for village indicate that Jesus did not limit His ministry to major urban centers but also reached out to smaller, less prominent communities. This inclusivity reflects the universal nature of the Gospel, emphasizing that no place or person is too insignificant for the message of Christ. It serves as a reminder of the breadth of God's love and the call to share the Gospel with all people, regardless of their status or location.

preaching and proclaiming
The dual actions of preaching and proclaiming highlight the central focus of Jesus' ministry. The Greek words "κηρύσσων" (kērussōn) and "εὐαγγελιζόμενος" (euangelizomenos) convey the idea of heralding and announcing good news. This reflects the historical role of a herald in ancient times, who would publicly announce important messages. Jesus' use of these methods underscores the urgency and importance of His message, calling people to repentance and faith. It inspires believers today to boldly and clearly communicate the Gospel, following the example of Christ.

the good news of the kingdom of God
This phrase encapsulates the core message of Jesus' ministry. The "good news" or "Gospel" is derived from the Greek "εὐαγγέλιον" (euangelion), meaning a message of joy and salvation. The "kingdom of God" refers to God's sovereign rule and reign, both present and future. This concept was central to Jesus' teaching, offering hope and redemption to a world in need. Historically, this message challenged existing religious and political structures, offering a new way of understanding God's relationship with humanity. It calls believers to live under God's rule, embodying the values of His kingdom in their daily lives.

The Twelve were with Him
This phrase highlights the presence and participation of the twelve apostles in Jesus' ministry. The Greek term "δώδεκα" (dōdeka) refers to the twelve chosen disciples who were Jesus' closest followers. Their inclusion signifies the importance of community and discipleship in the Christian faith. Historically, the Twelve represented the twelve tribes of Israel, symbolizing the continuity and fulfillment of God's promises. Their presence with Jesus serves as a model for believers, emphasizing the call to follow Christ closely, learn from Him, and participate actively in His mission.

as well as some women
This phrase introduces the significant role of women in Jesus' ministry, which was revolutionary for the time. In the patriarchal society of first-century Judea, women were often marginalized. However, Jesus' inclusion of women highlights the inclusive nature of His ministry. The Greek word for "women" here is "γυναῖκες" (gynaikes), emphasizing their active participation and support in Jesus' mission.

who had been healed
The Greek word "θεραπευθείσαι" (therapeutheisai) is used here, indicating a complete and miraculous healing. This word underscores the transformative power of Jesus' ministry, not only physically but spiritually, as these women experienced profound changes in their lives.

of evil spirits and infirmities
This phrase points to the dual nature of the afflictions from which these women were delivered. "Evil spirits" (πνευμάτων πονηρῶν, pneumaton poneron) refers to demonic oppression, while "infirmities" (ἀσθενειῶν, astheneion) indicates physical ailments. The mention of both highlights Jesus' authority over both spiritual and physical realms, affirming His divine power.

Mary called Magdalene
Mary Magdalene is introduced here, a prominent figure in the Gospels. The name "Magdalene" likely indicates her origin from Magdala, a town on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee. Her mention by name signifies her importance and the personal nature of her encounter with Jesus. Historically, Mary Magdalene has been a symbol of redemption and devotion.

from whom seven demons had gone out
The specific mention of "seven demons" (ἑπτά δαιμόνια, hepta daimonia) emphasizes the severity of her previous condition and the completeness of her deliverance. In Jewish tradition, the number seven often symbolizes completeness or perfection, suggesting that her healing was thorough and absolute. This deliverance underscores Jesus' power over evil and His ability to restore individuals to wholeness.

Joanna the wife of Chuza
Joanna is a significant figure in the Gospel narrative, representing the reach of Jesus' ministry into diverse social strata. Her name, of Hebrew origin, means "Yahweh is gracious." Joanna's association with Chuza, who managed Herod Antipas' household, suggests her access to the upper echelons of society. This connection highlights the transformative power of Jesus' message, reaching even those within the political sphere. Historically, Herod Antipas was a tetrarch of Galilee and Perea, known for his role in the execution of John the Baptist. Joanna's presence in Jesus' ministry underscores the inclusivity of the Gospel, breaking social and gender barriers.

the manager of Herod’s household
Chuza's role as the manager, or steward, of Herod's household indicates a position of significant responsibility and influence. The Greek term "epitropos" suggests a trusted official, akin to a modern-day chief of staff. This detail provides insight into the diverse backgrounds of Jesus' followers, illustrating that His message appealed to individuals across various societal roles. The mention of Herod's household also serves as a reminder of the political tensions of the time, as Herod's rule was marked by both political intrigue and moral corruption.

Susanna
Susanna, though mentioned briefly, is an important figure in the narrative of Jesus' ministry. Her name, derived from the Hebrew "Shoshannah," means "lily," symbolizing purity and beauty. The inclusion of Susanna, alongside Joanna and others, highlights the active role women played in supporting Jesus' mission. This acknowledgment of women in ministry challenges the cultural norms of the time, where women were often relegated to the background. Susanna's presence is a testament to the early Christian community's recognition of the vital contributions of women.

and many others
The phrase "and many others" indicates that Joanna and Susanna were part of a larger group of women who followed and supported Jesus. This collective of women demonstrates the widespread impact of Jesus' ministry and the diverse community it fostered. The anonymity of these "many others" suggests that countless individuals, though unnamed, played crucial roles in the early church. This serves as an encouragement to believers today, affirming that every act of service, no matter how small or unrecognized, is valuable in the Kingdom of God.

These women were ministering to them
The Greek word "diakoneo," translated as "ministering," conveys the idea of service and support. This term is the root of the modern word "deacon," indicating a role of significant responsibility and care within the Christian community. The women's ministry to Jesus and His disciples involved providing for their physical needs, such as food and shelter, enabling the continuation of their mission. This service exemplifies the Christian call to hospitality and generosity, reflecting the heart of Christ's teaching on servanthood.

out of their own means
The phrase "out of their own means" highlights the sacrificial nature of the women's support. Their financial contributions were a tangible expression of their faith and commitment to Jesus' mission. This act of giving from personal resources underscores the principle of stewardship, where believers are called to use their God-given resources for the advancement of His Kingdom. The women's generosity serves as an enduring example of selfless devotion, challenging modern believers to consider how they can similarly invest in the work of the Gospel.

While a large crowd was gathering
The phrase highlights the growing popularity of Jesus' ministry. The Greek word for "crowd" is "ochlos," which often refers to a multitude or a throng of people. This indicates that Jesus' teachings and miracles had attracted significant attention, drawing people from various regions. Historically, this reflects the socio-political climate of the time, where the Jewish people were under Roman occupation and were yearning for hope and deliverance. The gathering of a large crowd signifies the anticipation and expectation that surrounded Jesus' ministry.

and people were coming to Jesus
The act of "coming" to Jesus suggests a deliberate movement towards Him, indicating a desire to hear His teachings or witness His miracles. The Greek verb "erchomai" implies an action of approaching or drawing near. This movement towards Jesus can be seen as a metaphor for spiritual seeking and the human longing for truth and salvation. In a broader scriptural context, it reflects the fulfillment of prophecies about the Messiah drawing people to Himself.

from town after town
This phrase emphasizes the widespread reach of Jesus' influence. The repetition of "town after town" suggests that His reputation had spread far and wide, transcending local boundaries. It underscores the itinerant nature of Jesus' ministry, as He traveled from place to place, bringing His message to diverse communities. Historically, this movement from town to town reflects the geographical and cultural landscape of first-century Palestine, where towns were often small and closely connected.

He told them this parable
The use of parables was a distinctive feature of Jesus' teaching method. The Greek word "parabole" means a comparison or analogy, often used to convey deeper spiritual truths through simple, relatable stories. Parables were an effective way to engage listeners, provoke thought, and reveal truths to those who were spiritually receptive while concealing them from those who were not. In the context of Jesus' ministry, parables served as a tool for teaching about the Kingdom of God, challenging listeners to reflect on their own lives and beliefs. This method of teaching aligns with the wisdom literature of the Old Testament, where proverbs and parables were used to impart moral and spiritual lessons.

A sower
The term "sower" in this parable is significant, as it represents anyone who spreads the Word of God. In the Greek, the word used is "σπείρων" (speirōn), which means one who scatters seed. Historically, sowing was a common agricultural practice in ancient Israel, and Jesus often used familiar imagery to convey spiritual truths. The sower symbolizes the preacher, teacher, or any believer who shares the gospel message, emphasizing the active role of spreading God's Word.

went out
The phrase "went out" indicates intentionality and purpose. The Greek word "ἐξῆλθεν" (exēlthen) suggests a deliberate action. This reflects the mission-oriented nature of the Christian life, where believers are called to go out into the world to share the gospel. It underscores the proactive nature of evangelism, reminding us that the message of Christ is not to be kept within but shared with others.

to sow his seed
The act of sowing "his seed" refers to the dissemination of the Word of God. The seed is a metaphor for the gospel, the message of salvation through Jesus Christ. In the context of first-century Palestine, sowing was a labor-intensive task, requiring patience and faith in the growth process. This imagery highlights the responsibility of believers to faithfully share the gospel, trusting God for the increase.

As he was sowing
This phrase suggests an ongoing action, indicating that the sower is actively engaged in his task. The continuous nature of sowing reflects the persistent and consistent effort required in sharing the gospel. It reminds believers that evangelism is not a one-time event but a continual process of planting seeds of faith in the hearts of others.

some seed fell along the path
The "path" represents a place where the soil is hard and compacted, making it difficult for seeds to take root. In the spiritual sense, this symbolizes hearts that are hardened to the gospel, where the Word is heard but not understood or accepted. The imagery of the path serves as a warning of the spiritual dangers of a hardened heart, urging believers to pray for receptivity to God's Word.

and was trampled on
The trampling of the seed signifies the rejection and disregard of the gospel message. In the Greek, "κατεπατήθη" (katepatēthē) conveys the idea of being trodden underfoot. This reflects the reality that not all who hear the Word will receive it, as some will dismiss or oppose it. It serves as a reminder of the spiritual battle that accompanies the proclamation of the gospel.

and the birds of the air devoured it
The "birds of the air" are often interpreted as representing the forces of evil that seek to snatch away the Word before it can take root. In the context of the parable, this illustrates the spiritual opposition that believers face in spreading the gospel. The imagery of devouring birds serves as a call to vigilance and prayer, recognizing the need for spiritual protection and perseverance in evangelism.

Some fell on rocky ground
This phrase refers to the seed sown by the sower, which in the context of the parable, represents the Word of God. The "rocky ground" symbolizes a heart that is initially receptive but lacks depth. In the Greek, "rocky" (πετρώδης, petrodes) suggests a surface that is hard and unyielding, much like a shallow layer of soil over a bedrock. Historically, the terrain in parts of Israel is known for its rocky soil, which would have been a familiar image to Jesus' audience. Spiritually, this represents individuals who receive the Word with joy but do not allow it to penetrate deeply into their lives, lacking the foundation needed for sustained growth.

when it came up
This phrase indicates the initial response to the Word. The Greek word for "came up" (φυέν, phyen) implies a sprouting or emerging, suggesting a beginning of life and potential. In the context of the parable, it reflects the initial enthusiasm and acceptance of the Gospel message. However, this growth is superficial, as it lacks the necessary conditions to thrive. This serves as a cautionary note about the dangers of a shallow faith that does not endure trials or challenges.

the seedlings withered
The imagery of "withered" (ἐξηράνθη, exēranthē) conveys a sense of drying up or losing vitality. In the agricultural context, this would be a common occurrence when plants lack sufficient resources. Spiritually, it represents the fading of initial enthusiasm and commitment when faced with difficulties or persecution. The withering of the seedlings serves as a metaphor for a faith that is not deeply rooted and therefore cannot withstand adversity.

because they had no moisture
The lack of "moisture" (ἰκμάδα, ikmada) is critical in understanding why the seedlings withered. Moisture is essential for growth, symbolizing the sustenance and nourishment needed for spiritual development. In the scriptural context, moisture can be likened to the Holy Spirit, prayer, and the continual study of God's Word, which are necessary for a thriving faith. The absence of these elements leads to spiritual dryness and vulnerability. This phrase underscores the importance of nurturing one's faith through consistent spiritual practices and reliance on God's provision.

Other seed fell among thorns
This phrase introduces the third type of soil in the Parable of the Sower. The "seed" represents the Word of God, as explained later in the parable. The "thorns" symbolize the cares, riches, and pleasures of life that can entangle and suffocate spiritual growth. In the Greek, "thorns" (ἀκάνθαι) can refer to any prickly plant, emphasizing the idea of something that causes pain or hindrance. Historically, thorns were a common problem for farmers in ancient Palestine, representing the persistent challenges that can obstruct spiritual fruitfulness.

which grew up with it
The phrase indicates that the thorns and the seedlings coexist for a time. This coexistence suggests that worldly concerns can initially seem harmless or manageable alongside spiritual pursuits. However, the Greek word for "grew up" (συμφύω) implies a close and intertwined growth, warning believers of the subtle and gradual nature of spiritual compromise. The historical context of agriculture in Jesus' time would have made this imagery vivid, as farmers knew the difficulty of removing thorns once they had taken root.

and choked the seedlings
The word "choked" (ἀποπνίγω) in Greek conveys the idea of suffocation or strangulation. This powerful imagery illustrates how the distractions and temptations of the world can stifle spiritual life. The "seedlings" (φυτὸν) represent young plants, symbolizing new or immature believers who are particularly vulnerable to being overwhelmed by external pressures. Scripturally, this serves as a cautionary message to guard one's heart and prioritize spiritual growth over worldly concerns. The historical context of Jesus' audience, who were familiar with the challenges of farming, would have understood the dire consequences of allowing thorns to dominate a field.

Still other seed fell on good soil
This phrase highlights the importance of receptivity to the Word of God. The "seed" represents the Word, and "good soil" symbolizes a heart that is open and prepared to receive divine truth. In the Greek, the word for "good" (καλός, kalos) implies not just moral goodness but also beauty and excellence. This suggests that a heart ready to receive God's Word is not only morally upright but also beautiful in its openness and readiness to bear fruit. Historically, agriculture was a central part of life in ancient Israel, and the audience would have understood the significance of soil quality in producing a bountiful harvest. Spiritually, this calls believers to cultivate their hearts, removing stones and thorns that might hinder growth.

It sprang up and produced a crop—a hundredfold
The phrase "sprang up" indicates the immediate and vigorous response of the Word when it finds a receptive heart. The Greek word used here (φυτρὸς, phytrós) conveys a sense of vitality and life. The "hundredfold" yield is a hyperbolic expression of abundance, emphasizing the miraculous and superabundant nature of God's work in a willing heart. In the historical context, a hundredfold return was considered an extraordinary yield, far beyond the typical harvest. This underscores the transformative power of the Gospel when it is truly embraced. Scripturally, this echoes the promise of abundant life found in Christ (John 10:10), encouraging believers to expect great things from God when they are faithful.

As He said this, He called out
The act of "calling out" signifies the urgency and importance of Jesus' message. The Greek verb used here (φωνέω, phōnéō) implies a loud and clear proclamation, ensuring that all who are present can hear and understand. This reflects the earnest desire of Jesus for His listeners to grasp the significance of His teaching. Historically, teachers in ancient times often used such methods to emphasize key points. This calling out is a reminder of the necessity to pay attention to the Word of God, as it carries eternal significance.

He who has ears to hear, let him hear
This phrase is a call to discernment and spiritual awareness. The "ears to hear" are not merely physical but spiritual, indicating a readiness to understand and apply the teachings of Jesus. The Greek word for "hear" (ἀκούω, akouō) implies not just listening but also comprehending and acting upon what is heard. In the scriptural context, this is a recurring exhortation, urging believers to be attentive and responsive to God's voice. It challenges the audience to move beyond superficial listening to a deep, transformative engagement with the Word. This call to hear is a timeless invitation to all believers to open their hearts and minds to the truths of the Gospel, allowing it to shape their lives profoundly.

His disciples
The term "disciples" refers to the close followers of Jesus, those who were committed to learning from Him and living according to His teachings. In the Greek, the word "μαθηταί" (mathētai) is used, which means learners or students. This highlights the role of the disciples as those who are in a continuous process of learning and growing in their understanding of the Kingdom of God. Historically, discipleship in the Jewish context involved a close relationship between the teacher (rabbi) and the student, emphasizing not just the transfer of knowledge but the imitation of the teacher's life and character.

asked Him
The act of asking indicates a desire for deeper understanding and clarity. In the Greek, the word "ἐπηρώτων" (epērōtōn) is used, which implies a questioning or inquiring. This reflects the disciples' recognition of Jesus as a source of divine wisdom and their willingness to seek answers from Him. It also shows their humility and openness to learning, which is a crucial attitude for any follower of Christ. The historical context of rabbinic teaching often involved dialogue and questioning, which was a method used to engage students and deepen their comprehension.

what this parable meant
The word "parable" comes from the Greek "παραβολή" (parabolē), which means a comparison or analogy. Parables were a common teaching method used by Jesus to convey spiritual truths through everyday accounts and images. The disciples' question about the meaning of the parable indicates that they recognized the depth and complexity of Jesus' teachings. Parables often required contemplation and spiritual insight to understand their full implications. This phrase underscores the importance of seeking divine revelation and guidance to grasp the mysteries of the Kingdom of God, as human wisdom alone is insufficient.

He replied
This phrase introduces the response of Jesus to His disciples. The Greek word used here is "εἶπεν" (eipen), which is a common term for "said" or "replied." It indicates a direct communication from Jesus, emphasizing the importance of His words. In the context of the Gospels, whenever Jesus speaks, it is an opportunity for divine revelation and teaching. His replies often contain deep spiritual truths meant to instruct and guide His followers.

The knowledge of the mysteries
The term "mysteries" comes from the Greek word "μυστήρια" (mysteria), which refers to hidden truths or divine secrets. In the biblical context, mysteries are truths that were once concealed but are now revealed through Christ. The "knowledge" of these mysteries is a gift from God, indicating that understanding spiritual truths is not merely an intellectual exercise but a divine revelation. This highlights the grace of God in revealing His plans and purposes to His people.

of the kingdom of God
The "kingdom of God" is a central theme in Jesus' teaching. It refers to God's sovereign rule and reign, both in the present spiritual sense and in the future physical sense. The Greek word for "kingdom" is "βασιλεία" (basileia), which implies authority and dominion. Understanding the mysteries of the kingdom involves recognizing God's authority and aligning oneself with His will. Historically, the Jewish expectation of the kingdom was a political and nationalistic hope, but Jesus redefined it as a spiritual reality that transcends earthly kingdoms.

has been given to you
The phrase "has been given" is translated from the Greek "δέδοται" (dedotai), which is in the perfect tense, indicating a completed action with ongoing effects. This suggests that the understanding of the kingdom's mysteries is a gift already bestowed upon the disciples, with lasting implications. It underscores the grace and initiative of God in revealing His truths to those who follow Christ. The disciples, as recipients of this gift, are called to steward this knowledge faithfully.

but to others
The contrast introduced by "but" (δέ, de) signifies a distinction between the disciples and "others." This delineation highlights the selective nature of divine revelation. The "others" refers to those outside the circle of Jesus' followers, who do not have the same access to the understanding of the kingdom's mysteries. This distinction serves as a reminder of the privilege and responsibility of being a disciple of Christ.

I speak in parables
The use of "parables" (παραβολαῖς, parabolais) is a distinctive feature of Jesus' teaching. Parables are simple accounts used to illustrate moral or spiritual lessons. They serve a dual purpose: to reveal truths to those who are open to understanding and to conceal them from those who are not. This method of teaching fulfills the prophetic tradition and challenges listeners to seek deeper understanding. Parables invite reflection and discernment, requiring a heart attuned to God's voice.

so that
This phrase introduces the purpose or result of speaking in parables. It indicates intentionality in Jesus' teaching method. The use of parables is not arbitrary but serves a divine purpose in the unfolding of God's plan. It invites the listener to consider the reason behind the method, prompting a deeper engagement with the message.

‘Though seeing, they may not see
This paradoxical statement reflects a spiritual reality. The physical act of seeing does not guarantee spiritual insight. The Greek word for "seeing" (βλέποντες, blepontes) implies perception, but the lack of understanding indicates a spiritual blindness. This blindness is often due to hardened hearts or preconceived notions that prevent true comprehension. It serves as a warning to remain open and receptive to God's revelation.

though hearing, they may not understand.’
Similarly, "hearing" (ἀκούοντες, akouontes) without understanding points to a deeper issue of spiritual deafness. The ability to hear the words of Jesus does not automatically result in understanding unless accompanied by a receptive heart. This echoes the prophetic tradition, where the people's inability to understand God's message led to judgment. It challenges believers to listen actively and seek the Holy Spirit's guidance for true comprehension.

This is the meaning of the parable
This phrase introduces the explanation of the Parable of the Sower, a pivotal teaching moment where Jesus elucidates the spiritual truths behind His parables. The Greek word for "meaning" is "parabolē," which signifies a comparison or analogy. In the context of Jesus' teachings, parables are earthly accounts with heavenly meanings, designed to reveal truths to those who are spiritually receptive while concealing them from those who are not. This dual purpose underscores the importance of spiritual discernment and openness to divine revelation.

The seed
The "seed" in this parable represents the Word of God. The Greek term "sperma" is used here, which is the source of life and growth. Just as a seed contains the potential for life, the Word of God holds the power to transform and bring spiritual life to those who receive it. This imagery emphasizes the potency and vitality of Scripture, which, when sown into receptive hearts, can produce abundant spiritual fruit.

is the word of God
This phrase clarifies the identity of the seed as the divine message. The Greek word "logos" is used for "word," which in the New Testament context often refers to the message of the Gospel and the teachings of Christ. The "word of God" is not merely a collection of teachings but is living and active, as described in Hebrews 4:12. It is through this Word that God communicates His will, reveals His character, and offers salvation to humanity. The phrase underscores the centrality of Scripture in the life of a believer, serving as the foundation for faith and practice.

The seeds along the path
This phrase refers to the initial part of the Parable of the Sower, where Jesus describes different types of soil representing the hearts of people who hear the Word of God. The "path" symbolizes a hardened heart, one that is not receptive to the message of the Gospel. In the historical context of ancient agriculture, paths were trodden down and compacted, making it difficult for seeds to penetrate and grow. Spiritually, this represents individuals who are exposed to the Word but are resistant due to various factors such as pride, indifference, or preconceived notions.

are those who hear
Hearing, in the biblical sense, often implies more than just auditory reception; it suggests understanding and internalizing the message. The Greek word "akouo" is used here, which can mean to hear with attention or to comprehend. In the context of this parable, it highlights the initial exposure to the Gospel message. However, mere hearing without a receptive heart does not lead to transformation or faith.

but the devil comes
The devil, or "diabolos" in Greek, is depicted as the adversary who actively works against the spread of the Gospel. This phrase underscores the spiritual warfare that takes place when the Word of God is proclaimed. The devil's role is to obstruct and prevent the Word from taking root in people's hearts. Historically, this reflects the early Christian understanding of spiritual opposition and the reality of evil forces at work in the world.

and takes away the word from their hearts
This action of taking away signifies the devil's success in preventing the Word from having any lasting impact. The "word" here refers to the message of the Gospel, the good news of Jesus Christ. The heart, in biblical terms, is the center of one's being, encompassing mind, will, and emotions. The removal of the Word from the heart indicates a failure to internalize and act upon the message, leading to spiritual barrenness.

so that they may not believe
Belief, or "pisteuo" in Greek, is a central theme in the New Testament, often associated with trust and faith in Jesus Christ. The devil's ultimate goal is to prevent belief, as faith is the means by which individuals are justified and enter into a relationship with God. This phrase highlights the critical nature of faith in the process of salvation and the spiritual battle that seeks to hinder it.

and be saved
Salvation, or "soteria" in Greek, refers to deliverance from sin and its consequences, culminating in eternal life with God. This phrase encapsulates the ultimate purpose of the Gospel message: to bring individuals into a saving relationship with God through Jesus Christ. The parable illustrates the tragedy of those who hear the Word but do not experience salvation due to the devil's interference and their own hardened hearts. This serves as a sobering reminder of the importance of a receptive heart and the vigilance required to guard against spiritual opposition.

The seeds on rocky ground
This phrase refers to the second type of soil in the Parable of the Sower. In the agrarian context of ancient Israel, rocky ground was common and represented a shallow layer of soil over hard rock. The Greek word for "rocky" (πετρώδης, petrodēs) suggests a surface that is not conducive to deep growth. Spiritually, this symbolizes a heart that is initially receptive but lacks depth for sustained spiritual growth. The rocky ground is a metaphor for individuals who are open to the Gospel but are hindered by underlying hardness or resistance to deeper transformation.

are those who hear the word
Hearing the word is the initial step in the process of faith. The Greek word for "hear" (ἀκούω, akouō) implies not just the act of listening but also understanding and internalizing. In the historical context, hearing was a primary means of learning, as literacy was not widespread. This phrase emphasizes the importance of being attentive to the message of the Gospel, which is the seed sown by the sower, representing Jesus or His messengers.

and receive it with joy
The initial reception of the word with joy indicates an emotional and enthusiastic response. The Greek word for "receive" (δέχομαι, dechomai) suggests a welcoming or acceptance. Joy (χαρά, chara) is a fruit of the Spirit (Galatians 5:22) and reflects a positive reaction to the good news. However, this joy is superficial, as it is not rooted in a deep understanding or commitment. Historically, this could reflect the excitement of new converts in the early church who were drawn to the hope and promise of the Gospel.

but they have no root
The lack of root signifies a deficiency in spiritual depth and foundation. The Greek word for "root" (ῥίζα, rhiza) is used metaphorically to describe stability and nourishment. In the context of the parable, it indicates that the initial joy does not translate into a lasting faith because there is no deep connection to Christ, who is the true vine (John 15:1-5). This phrase warns against a shallow faith that does not withstand challenges.

They believe for a season
This phrase highlights the temporary nature of their faith. The Greek word for "season" (καιρός, kairos) refers to a specific period or opportune time. It suggests that their belief is contingent on favorable circumstances. Historically, this could relate to early Christians who faced persecution and fell away when their faith was tested. It serves as a caution against a faith that is not enduring or resilient.

but in the time of testing
Testing (πειρασμός, peirasmos) refers to trials or temptations that challenge one's faith. In the biblical context, testing is often seen as a means of proving or refining faith (James 1:2-4). This phrase indicates that the rocky ground believers are unable to withstand adversity because their faith is not deeply rooted. It underscores the necessity of spiritual maturity and perseverance.

they fall away
The phrase "fall away" (ἀφίστημι, aphistēmi) means to withdraw or desert. It conveys a sense of apostasy or turning away from the faith. In the historical context of the early church, falling away was a real concern as believers faced external pressures and internal doubts. This serves as a sobering reminder of the importance of cultivating a deep, enduring faith that can withstand trials and remain steadfast in the face of adversity.

The seeds that fell among the thorns
This phrase refers to the third type of soil in the Parable of the Sower. In the Greek, "seeds" (σπέρματα) symbolize the Word of God, which is sown into the hearts of individuals. The "thorns" (ἄκανθαι) represent the distractions and temptations of the world. Historically, thorns were a common agricultural problem in ancient Palestine, often overtaking crops and rendering them unfruitful. This imagery would have been vivid to Jesus' audience, who understood the struggle of cultivating a fruitful harvest amidst such challenges.

are those who hear
The Greek word for "hear" (ἀκούω) implies not just the act of listening but an initial reception of the message. In the context of the parable, it suggests that these individuals have an openness to the Word and an initial understanding or acceptance. However, hearing alone is not sufficient for spiritual growth and maturity.

but as they go on their way
This phrase indicates the progression of life and the journey each person undertakes. The Greek word for "way" (ὁδός) can also mean a path or road, symbolizing the daily walk and decisions of life. It suggests that the initial reception of the Word is not enough; it must be nurtured and protected as one continues through life.

they are choked
The Greek word for "choked" (συμπνίγω) conveys the idea of being suffocated or overwhelmed. This word paints a vivid picture of how external pressures and internal desires can stifle spiritual growth. In a historical context, the imagery of plants being choked by thorns would resonate with an agrarian society familiar with the challenges of maintaining a healthy crop.

by the worries, riches, and pleasures of this life
This phrase identifies the specific distractions that can hinder spiritual growth. "Worries" (μέριμναι) refers to anxieties and concerns that can dominate one's thoughts. "Riches" (πλοῦτος) highlights the pursuit of wealth and material possessions, which can become idols. "Pleasures" (ἡδοναί) denotes the pursuit of sensual gratification and comfort. Together, these represent the temporal and often deceptive allurements of the world that can divert attention from spiritual priorities.

and their fruit does not mature
The Greek word for "fruit" (καρπός) symbolizes the visible evidence of spiritual growth and maturity, such as good works and Christ-like character. "Does not mature" (τελεσφορέω) suggests a failure to reach completion or fulfillment. In the context of the parable, it underscores the tragedy of a life that, despite initial promise, fails to produce lasting spiritual results due to being overwhelmed by worldly concerns.

But the seed on good soil
The "seed" in this parable represents the Word of God, and "good soil" symbolizes a receptive heart. In the Greek, "good soil" (καλῇ γῇ, kalē gē) implies not just physical fertility but moral and spiritual readiness. Historically, the imagery of soil would resonate with an agrarian society familiar with the necessity of fertile ground for a successful harvest. Spiritually, this phrase challenges believers to cultivate their hearts to be receptive to God's Word, emphasizing the importance of spiritual preparedness and openness.

stands for those with a noble and good heart
The phrase "noble and good heart" (καρδίαν ἀγαθὴν καὶ καλήν, kardiān agathēn kai kalēn) refers to an inner moral quality that is both virtuous and beautiful. In biblical terms, the heart is the center of human will and emotion. A "noble and good heart" suggests a person whose inner life is aligned with God's righteousness. This echoes the Old Testament's emphasis on the heart as the seat of faithfulness and integrity, as seen in passages like Psalm 51:10, "Create in me a clean heart, O God."

who hear the word
"Hear" (ἀκούσαντες, akousantes) in the biblical context implies more than just auditory reception; it involves understanding and obedience. In the Hebrew tradition, to "hear" is to heed, as seen in the Shema (Deuteronomy 6:4), which calls Israel to listen and obey. This phrase underscores the necessity of active listening in the life of faith, where hearing God's Word leads to transformation and action.

retain it
To "retain" (κατέχουσιν, katechousin) means to hold fast or keep secure. This suggests a deliberate effort to internalize and protect the Word of God against distractions and challenges. Historically, this reflects the early Christian community's emphasis on memorization and meditation on Scripture, ensuring that the Word remains a guiding force in believers' lives.

and by persevering
"Persevering" (ὑπομονῇ, hypomonē) conveys the idea of steadfast endurance. In the New Testament, perseverance is often linked with faithfulness amidst trials (James 1:12). This word encourages believers to remain steadfast in their faith journey, trusting that God will bring about growth and fruitfulness in His timing.

produce a crop
The phrase "produce a crop" (καρποφοροῦσιν, karpophorousin) signifies the visible outcome of a life transformed by God's Word. In the agricultural metaphor, a crop is the result of careful cultivation and divine blessing. Spiritually, it represents the fruits of the Spirit (Galatians 5:22-23) and the impact of a believer's life on others. This phrase inspires Christians to live fruitful lives, reflecting God's love and truth in the world.

No one lights a lamp
This phrase begins with a universal truth, emphasizing the intentionality behind lighting a lamp. In the Greek, the word for "lamp" (λύχνος, lychnos) refers to a small oil lamp used in ancient times. The act of lighting a lamp signifies purpose and preparation, suggesting that the light is meant to serve a function. Historically, lamps were essential for visibility in homes without modern lighting, symbolizing guidance and revelation.

and covers it with a jar
The imagery of covering a lamp with a jar (σκεῦος, skeuos) is paradoxical. In the cultural context, a jar would typically be used for storage, not for concealing light. This phrase highlights the absurdity of hiding something meant to illuminate. Spiritually, it suggests the futility of suppressing the truth or the message of the Gospel, which is meant to be shared openly.

or puts it under a bed
Placing a lamp under a bed (κλίνη, klinē) further illustrates the impracticality of hiding light. Beds in ancient times were simple structures, often raised slightly off the ground. This action would not only hide the light but also pose a fire hazard, emphasizing the counterproductive nature of such an act. Theologically, it underscores the importance of living out one's faith visibly and actively.

Instead, he sets it on a lampstand
The lampstand (λυχνία, lychnia) is a deliberate choice for placing a lamp, elevating it to maximize its effectiveness. In biblical symbolism, the lampstand represents the church or the believer's life, meant to shine brightly in the world. This phrase calls Christians to be intentional about their witness, ensuring that their light is visible to all.

so those who enter can see the light
The purpose of the lamp is fulfilled when it provides illumination for those who enter. The Greek word for "see" (βλέπω, blepō) implies perception and understanding. This phrase highlights the transformative power of light, both physically and spiritually. It serves as a metaphor for the Gospel's ability to bring clarity and truth to those who encounter it, encouraging believers to be beacons of hope and truth in a dark world.

For nothing is hidden
This phrase emphasizes the omniscience of God, a central tenet in Christian theology. The Greek word for "hidden" is "κρυπτόν" (krypton), which implies something concealed or kept secret. In the context of the Bible, this suggests that no action, thought, or intention can be concealed from God. Historically, this reflects the Jewish understanding of God's all-seeing nature, as seen in passages like Psalm 139:1-4, where God's intimate knowledge of human actions and thoughts is celebrated. This phrase serves as a reminder of the ultimate accountability before God, encouraging believers to live transparently and righteously.

that will not be disclosed
The Greek word for "disclosed" is "φανερόν" (phaneron), meaning to make visible or manifest. This implies a future revelation of all things, aligning with the eschatological themes found throughout the New Testament. The idea is that in God's timing, all hidden things will be brought to light. This can be seen as a call to integrity, as believers are assured that truth will ultimately prevail. The historical context of early Christianity, often practiced in secret due to persecution, would have found comfort in the assurance that God would reveal and vindicate the truth.

and nothing concealed
"Concealed" translates from the Greek "ἀπόκρυφον" (apokryphon), which also means hidden or secret. This reinforces the previous statement, emphasizing the certainty and completeness of God's revelation. The repetition underscores the importance of the message. In a historical context, this would resonate with the early Christian communities who faced misunderstandings and misrepresentations. It assures them that God's justice will ultimately uncover and address all wrongs.

that will not be made known
The phrase "made known" comes from the Greek "γνωσθήσεται" (gnōsthēsetai), which means to come to know or to be revealed. This suggests an active process of revelation, where God will ensure that all truths are eventually understood. This aligns with the biblical theme of divine revelation, where God progressively reveals His will and truth to humanity. For believers, this is a call to trust in God's timing and wisdom, knowing that He will bring clarity and understanding in His perfect time.

and brought to light
The Greek word for "brought to light" is "ἐλθῇ εἰς φῶς" (elthē eis phōs), literally meaning to come into the light. Light is a powerful biblical metaphor for truth, purity, and divine presence. In the Gospel of John, Jesus is described as the "light of the world" (John 8:12), symbolizing the ultimate revelation of God's truth. This phrase assures believers that God's light will penetrate all darkness, revealing truth and dispelling falsehood. Historically, this would encourage Christians facing persecution or moral ambiguity, affirming that God's truth will ultimately triumph over deception and evil.

Pay attention
The Greek word used here is "βλέπετε" (blepete), which means to see, perceive, or take heed. This is a call to active engagement and mindfulness. In the context of Jesus' teachings, it emphasizes the importance of being vigilant and discerning in spiritual matters. Historically, this reflects the Jewish tradition of Shema, which means to hear and obey, underscoring the importance of not just hearing but truly understanding and acting upon God's word.

therefore
This word connects the current statement to the preceding context, where Jesus has been teaching about the parable of the sower and the lamp under a jar. It serves as a conclusion or application of the previous teachings, urging the listener to apply the lessons learned in a practical manner.

to how you listen
The phrase emphasizes the manner or quality of listening. The Greek word "ἀκούετε" (akouete) implies not just hearing sounds but understanding and internalizing the message. In a scriptural context, this means being open to the Holy Spirit's guidance and being receptive to divine truth. It is a call to listen with the heart and mind, ensuring that the word of God takes root and bears fruit in one's life.

Whoever has
This phrase suggests possession, not just of material things, but of spiritual understanding and insight. In the biblical context, it refers to those who have received and embraced the teachings of Jesus, allowing them to grow in faith and wisdom. The historical context of Jesus' audience, who were familiar with the scarcity of resources, would understand this as a metaphor for spiritual abundance.

will be given more
This promise of abundance is a principle of divine generosity. In the Greek, "δοθήσεται" (dothēsetai) indicates a future passive action, meaning that God will actively provide more to those who are faithful stewards of what they have. This reflects the biblical principle that faithfulness in small things leads to greater responsibilities and blessings.

but whoever does not have
This phrase highlights a lack of spiritual insight or receptivity. It serves as a warning to those who are indifferent or dismissive of Jesus' teachings. In the scriptural context, it underscores the danger of spiritual complacency and the risk of losing even the little understanding one might possess.

even what he thinks he has
The Greek word "δοκεῖ" (dokei) means to seem or suppose, indicating a false sense of security or self-deception. This phrase warns against the illusion of spiritual richness without true substance. It challenges believers to examine their hearts and ensure that their faith is genuine and not just superficial.

will be taken away from him
This is a sobering conclusion, emphasizing the consequences of neglecting spiritual growth. The passive voice in "ἀρθήσεται" (arthēsetai) suggests divine action, where God allows the natural consequences of spiritual neglect to unfold. It serves as a reminder of the urgency to cultivate and nurture one's faith, lest it withers away.

Then Jesus’ mother and brothers
This phrase introduces us to the family of Jesus, specifically His mother, Mary, and His brothers. The Greek word for "brothers" here is "ἀδελφοί" (adelphoi), which can mean biological brothers, half-brothers, or even close relatives. In the context of a conservative Christian perspective, these are understood as Jesus' half-brothers, the sons of Mary and Joseph, emphasizing the humanity and familial connections of Jesus. This highlights the incarnation of Christ, who, while fully divine, was also fully human and part of a family unit.

came to see Him
The act of coming to see Jesus indicates a deliberate effort by His family to reach out to Him. This reflects the familial concern and perhaps a desire to understand or intervene in His ministry. The Greek verb "ἦλθον" (ēlthon) suggests an intentional journey or approach, emphasizing the importance of their mission. This can inspire believers to consider the importance of seeking Jesus with intention and purpose, just as His family sought Him out.

but they were unable to reach Him
This phrase highlights the physical barrier that the crowd presented. The Greek word "οὐκ ἠδύναντο" (ouk ēdynanto) implies an inability or lack of power to accomplish a task. This can be seen as a metaphor for the spiritual barriers that can prevent people from reaching Jesus. It serves as a reminder of the need for perseverance and faith in overcoming obstacles to draw near to Christ.

because of the crowd
The crowd represents the multitude of people who were drawn to Jesus, eager to hear His teachings and witness His miracles. The Greek word "ὄχλος" (ochlos) refers to a large group or multitude, often with a sense of disorder or lack of organization. This can symbolize the distractions and pressures of the world that can impede one's spiritual journey. It challenges believers to prioritize their relationship with Jesus amidst the noise and demands of life.

He was told
This phrase indicates that Jesus received a message, suggesting a moment of interruption in His teaching. The Greek verb "ἀπηγγέλη" (apēngelé) implies a formal announcement or report. This moment highlights the human aspect of Jesus' ministry, where He was often approached with various requests and messages. It serves as a reminder of the constant demands on His time and attention, yet His focus remained on His divine mission.

Your mother and brothers
The mention of "mother and brothers" refers to Jesus' immediate family, emphasizing His humanity and familial connections. The Greek words "μήτηρ" (mētēr) for mother and "ἀδελφοί" (adelphoi) for brothers indicate close kinship. Historically, this reflects the Jewish family structure, where family ties were significant. This phrase also sets the stage for Jesus to redefine spiritual kinship, as He often taught that spiritual bonds in the Kingdom of God transcend biological relationships.

are standing outside
The phrase "standing outside" suggests a physical separation between Jesus and His family. The Greek "ἔξω" (exō) for outside can symbolize being outside the inner circle of Jesus' followers or the spiritual family He was forming. This physical positioning may also imply a deeper spiritual lesson about those who are not yet fully aligned with His mission and teachings.

wanting to see You
The desire "wanting to see You" indicates an earnest request for Jesus' attention. The Greek "ἰδεῖν" (idein) for see implies more than just physical sight; it suggests a desire for personal interaction or understanding. This reflects the natural human inclination to seek connection with Jesus, yet it also foreshadows His teaching that true discipleship requires more than familial or superficial association. It calls believers to seek a deeper, spiritual relationship with Christ, prioritizing His teachings and mission above all else.

But He replied
In this passage, Jesus is responding to a situation where His mother and brothers are seeking Him. The Greek word for "replied" is "ἀποκριθεὶς" (apokritheis), which implies a thoughtful and deliberate response. This indicates that Jesus is not dismissing His family but is about to make a profound statement about spiritual kinship. His reply is not just a reaction but a teaching moment, emphasizing the importance of His message.

My mother and brothers
Here, Jesus uses familial terms to make a point about spiritual relationships. In the Jewish culture of the time, family ties were of utmost importance, often dictating social and religious obligations. By referring to "mother and brothers," Jesus acknowledges these ties but is about to redefine them in a spiritual context. This phrase sets the stage for a radical redefinition of what it means to be part of Jesus' family.

are those
The phrase "are those" signifies a shift from the biological to the spiritual. Jesus is about to identify a new criterion for family membership. The Greek word "εἰσίν" (eisin) is a form of "to be," indicating existence or identity. This suggests that Jesus is not merely adding to His family but is fundamentally redefining it. The emphasis is on being, not just doing or belonging by birth.

who hear
Hearing, in the biblical sense, often implies more than just auditory reception; it involves understanding and obedience. The Greek word "ἀκούοντες" (akouontes) is a present participle, indicating continuous action. This suggests that being part of Jesus' family requires ongoing engagement with His teachings. In the historical context, hearing was the primary means of learning, as literacy was not widespread. Thus, hearing implies active discipleship.

the word of God
The "word of God" is central to Jesus' teaching. In Greek, "λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ" (logon tou Theou) refers to the divine message or revelation. This phrase underscores the authority and sacredness of the teachings Jesus imparts. Historically, the "word of God" would have been understood as the Scriptures, but Jesus expands this to include His own teachings, positioning Himself as the ultimate revelation of God.

and carry it out
Carrying out the word of God involves action and obedience. The Greek phrase "καὶ ποιῶντες" (kai poiountes) uses a present participle, indicating continuous action. This implies that true kinship with Jesus is demonstrated through a lifestyle of obedience and application of His teachings. In the cultural context, this would have been a radical call to live out one's faith in tangible ways, beyond mere ritual or tradition.

One day
This phrase sets the scene for a specific event in the life of Jesus and His disciples. The Greek word for "day" is "ἡμέρα" (hēmera), which can signify a literal day or a period of time. In the context of the Gospels, "one day" often introduces a significant teaching or miracle of Jesus, emphasizing the divine timing and purpose in His ministry.

Jesus said
The authority of Jesus is highlighted here. The Greek verb "εἶπεν" (eipen) is used, which means "said" or "spoke." This underscores the power and intentionality behind Jesus' words. In the Gospels, when Jesus speaks, His words carry divine authority and often lead to transformative events or teachings.

to His disciples
The term "disciples" comes from the Greek "μαθηταί" (mathētai), meaning "learners" or "followers." This indicates a close relationship between Jesus and those who are committed to learning from Him. The disciples are not just casual followers; they are dedicated students of Jesus' teachings and witnesses to His works.

Let us go across
This phrase is an invitation and a command. The Greek "διέλθωμεν" (dielthōmen) suggests a journey or passage. Jesus is inviting His disciples to accompany Him, indicating trust and fellowship. This journey across the lake is symbolic of the spiritual journeys Jesus invites His followers to undertake, often leading to deeper faith and understanding.

to the other side of the lake
The "lake" referred to is the Sea of Galilee, a significant location in Jesus' ministry. The phrase "other side" implies a transition or movement from one place to another, often symbolizing a shift in perspective or a new phase in ministry. The Sea of Galilee was a hub of activity and commerce, and crossing it often meant encountering new people and opportunities for ministry.

So they got into a boat
The act of getting into a boat signifies obedience and readiness to follow Jesus. The Greek word "ἐμβάντες" (embantes) means "having embarked." This action demonstrates the disciples' willingness to trust Jesus and follow His lead, even when the destination or outcome is uncertain.

and set out
The phrase "set out" comes from the Greek "ἀνήχθησαν" (anēchthēsan), meaning "they launched" or "they set sail." This indicates the beginning of a journey, both physically and spiritually. The disciples' willingness to set out with Jesus reflects their faith and commitment to His mission, despite the challenges they may face along the way.

As they sailed
This phrase sets the scene for a journey, a common motif in the Gospels that often symbolizes the journey of faith. The Greek word for "sailed" (πλέω, pleō) indicates a purposeful movement across the water, suggesting a mission or divine appointment. In the historical context, sailing was a primary mode of transportation across the Sea of Galilee, a body of water known for its sudden storms. This journey can be seen as a metaphor for the Christian life, where believers are called to trust in God's guidance through the unpredictable waters of life.

He fell asleep
The humanity of Jesus is beautifully depicted here. The Greek word for "fell asleep" (καθεύδω, katheudō) implies a natural, peaceful rest. This moment highlights the dual nature of Christ—fully God and fully man. His ability to sleep amidst an impending storm demonstrates His trust in the Father's sovereignty. Historically, this detail underscores the physical exhaustion Jesus often faced due to His demanding ministry. Spiritually, it serves as a reminder that believers can find rest in God's presence, even amidst life's storms.

A squall came down on the lake
The suddenness of the storm is captured in the Greek word for "squall" (λαῖλαψ, lailaps), which refers to a violent windstorm. The Sea of Galilee, surrounded by hills, is prone to such sudden and fierce storms. This phrase illustrates the unpredictable nature of life's challenges. In a spiritual sense, it represents the trials and tribulations that can unexpectedly arise in a believer's life, testing their faith and reliance on God.

So that the boat was being swamped
The imagery of the boat being overwhelmed by water is vivid. The Greek word for "swamped" (συμπληρόω, symplēroō) conveys the idea of being filled to the brim, suggesting a dire situation. Historically, boats of that era were small and vulnerable to such conditions. This phrase symbolizes the overwhelming circumstances believers may face, where it seems like they are on the brink of being overcome by life's difficulties. It calls Christians to remember that even when situations seem dire, God is in control.

And they were in great danger
The phrase highlights the severity of the situation. The Greek word for "danger" (κίνδυνος, kindynos) indicates a perilous threat. This moment of crisis is a test of faith for the disciples, who are seasoned fishermen familiar with the sea's dangers. In a broader spiritual context, it reflects the reality that following Christ does not exempt believers from facing real and present dangers. However, it also serves as a reminder that Jesus is present with His followers in every trial, offering peace and deliverance.

The disciples went and woke Him
This phrase highlights the disciples' immediate reaction to the peril they faced. The Greek word for "woke" is "διεγείρω" (diegeirō), which implies a sense of urgency and desperation. The disciples, many of whom were seasoned fishermen, recognized the severity of the storm and their inability to control it. This action reflects a profound truth about human nature: in times of crisis, we often turn to a higher power for help. The disciples' decision to wake Jesus underscores their recognition of His authority and power, even if their faith was not yet fully mature.

saying, 'Master, Master, we are perishing!'
The repetition of "Master" (Greek: "ἐπιστάτης," epistates) emphasizes the urgency and desperation in their plea. This term is used in the Gospel of Luke to denote someone with authority and command, reflecting the disciples' acknowledgment of Jesus' leadership and power. The phrase "we are perishing" (Greek: "ἀπολλύμεθα," apollymetha) conveys a sense of imminent destruction or loss. This cry for help is a poignant reminder of human vulnerability and the instinctive cry for divine intervention when faced with overwhelming circumstances.

Then Jesus got up
The simplicity of this phrase belies the profound action it describes. Jesus' response to the disciples' plea is immediate and decisive. The act of "getting up" signifies readiness and authority. In the context of the narrative, it marks the transition from chaos to order, from fear to faith. Jesus' calm demeanor in the face of the storm contrasts sharply with the disciples' panic, illustrating His divine nature and control over creation.

and rebuked the wind and the raging waters
The word "rebuked" (Greek: "ἐπιτιμάω," epitimaō) is significant, as it is often used in the Gospels to describe Jesus' authority over demons and illness. Here, it underscores His dominion over nature itself. The "wind and the raging waters" represent the chaotic forces of the world, which are often beyond human control. By rebuking them, Jesus demonstrates His sovereignty and power, affirming His identity as the Son of God who commands even the elements.

and they subsided, and all was calm
The immediate subsiding of the storm is a testament to Jesus' divine authority. The Greek word for "subsided" (Greek: "παύω," pauō) implies a cessation or stopping, while "calm" (Greek: "γαλήνη," galēnē) suggests a profound peace and tranquility. This miraculous transformation from turmoil to peace serves as a powerful metaphor for the peace that Jesus brings into the lives of believers. It reassures us that no matter the storms we face, Christ has the power to bring calm and order, reflecting the peace that surpasses all understanding (Philippians 4:7).

Where is your faith?
This phrase, spoken by Jesus, is a direct challenge to the disciples' trust and belief in Him. The Greek word for "faith" here is "πίστις" (pistis), which implies a deep conviction and trust in God. In the context of this passage, Jesus had just calmed a storm, demonstrating His divine authority over nature. The question "Where is your faith?" serves as a reminder that faith is not just a passive belief but an active trust in God's power and presence, even in the midst of life's storms. Historically, this moment is pivotal as it reveals the disciples' struggle to fully comprehend Jesus' divine nature, despite witnessing His miracles.

He asked
The act of asking here is significant. Jesus often used questions to provoke thought and self-reflection among His followers. The Greek verb "ἐρωτάω" (erōtaō) is used, which can mean to ask, inquire, or request. This method of teaching through questioning is consistent with rabbinic traditions of the time, where questions were used to engage students and encourage deeper understanding. Jesus' question is not just about the immediate situation but is a broader inquiry into the disciples' spiritual state and their understanding of His identity.

In fear and amazement
The disciples' reaction of "fear and amazement" is telling. The Greek words "φόβος" (phobos) and "θαμβός" (thambos) capture a complex emotional response. "Phobos" can mean fear, terror, or reverence, while "thambos" suggests astonishment or wonder. This dual reaction indicates that the disciples were beginning to grasp the magnitude of Jesus' power and authority. Historically, such reactions were common when individuals encountered the divine or miraculous, reflecting a deep-seated awe and reverence for God's intervention in the world.

They asked one another
The disciples' discussion among themselves highlights their communal journey of faith. The Greek phrase "πρὸς ἀλλήλους" (pros allēlous) suggests a dialogue or conversation, indicating that they were processing their experiences together. This communal aspect is important in the early Christian context, where believers often relied on one another for support and understanding. It underscores the importance of fellowship and shared faith in the Christian journey.

Who is this?
This question is central to the Gospel narrative. The Greek "τίς ἄρα οὗτός ἐστιν" (tis ara houtos estin) reflects a growing curiosity and realization among the disciples about Jesus' true identity. Throughout the Gospels, this question is repeatedly asked, pointing to the mystery and revelation of Jesus as both fully human and fully divine. Historically, this question echoes the messianic expectations of the Jewish people, who were awaiting a savior. The disciples' question is a step towards recognizing Jesus as the Messiah, the Son of God.

He commands even the winds and the water
This phrase emphasizes Jesus' authority over creation. The Greek word "ἐπιτάσσει" (epitassei) means to command or order, indicating a direct exercise of power. In the ancient Near Eastern context, control over the natural elements was often attributed to deities, so Jesus' ability to command the winds and water would have been seen as a clear sign of His divine authority. This moment is a testament to Jesus' sovereignty and a fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies that speak of God's control over nature.

And they obey Him
The obedience of the winds and water to Jesus' command is a powerful demonstration of His divine authority. The Greek word "ὑπακούουσιν" (hypakouousin) means to listen or obey, suggesting a willing submission to His will. This obedience is not just a natural phenomenon but a theological statement about Jesus' lordship over all creation. In the broader biblical narrative, this moment foreshadows the ultimate submission of all things to Christ, as described in passages like Philippians 2:10-11. It serves as a reminder of the power and authority of Jesus, encouraging believers to trust and submit to His will in their own lives.

They sailed
This phrase indicates the mode of transportation used by Jesus and His disciples, emphasizing the common practice of traveling by boat across the Sea of Galilee. The Greek word used here, "πλέω" (pleō), suggests a purposeful journey, highlighting the intentionality of Jesus' ministry. Sailing was a significant means of travel in the ancient world, often fraught with danger, yet it underscores the commitment of Jesus and His disciples to reach those in need, regardless of the obstacles.

to the region of the Gerasenes
The "region of the Gerasenes" refers to a predominantly Gentile area on the eastern side of the Sea of Galilee. The name "Gerasenes" is derived from the city of Gerasa, one of the cities of the Decapolis, a group of ten cities with a strong Hellenistic influence. This setting is significant as it marks Jesus' outreach beyond the Jewish population, symbolizing the universal scope of His mission. The presence of Gentiles in this narrative foreshadows the later expansion of the Gospel to all nations.

across the lake
The "lake" mentioned here is the Sea of Galilee, a freshwater lake in Israel. The Greek term "λίμνη" (limnē) is used, which can refer to a lake or a large body of water. The Sea of Galilee is central to many Gospel narratives, serving as a backdrop for Jesus' teachings and miracles. Its geographical position as a boundary between Jewish and Gentile territories underscores the crossing as a metaphor for breaking down barriers and reaching out to diverse communities.

from Galilee
Galilee is the region in northern Israel where Jesus spent much of His ministry. Known for its fertile land and diverse population, Galilee was a melting pot of cultures and ideas. The mention of Galilee here serves as a reminder of Jesus' roots and the starting point of His public ministry. It highlights the transition from a familiar Jewish setting to a Gentile one, illustrating the expanding reach of Jesus' message. Galilee's historical and cultural context enriches the narrative, emphasizing the transformative power of the Gospel across different regions and peoples.

As Jesus stepped ashore
This phrase marks the beginning of a significant encounter. The act of stepping ashore signifies Jesus' intentional movement into a new territory, both physically and spiritually. The Greek word for "stepped" (ἐξελθόντος) implies a purposeful action, indicating Jesus' readiness to confront the forces of darkness. This moment is a powerful reminder of Jesus' authority and willingness to enter into the brokenness of the world to bring healing and deliverance.

He was met by a demon-possessed man
The encounter with the demon-possessed man is immediate and confrontational. The Greek term for "demon-possessed" (δαιμονιζόμενος) suggests a state of being under the control or influence of demonic forces. This highlights the spiritual warfare present in the world and the reality of evil that Jesus came to overcome. The man's condition serves as a stark contrast to the holiness and authority of Christ, setting the stage for a demonstration of divine power.

from the town
This detail provides context for the man's previous life and social standing. The mention of "the town" indicates that he was once part of a community, emphasizing the isolation and alienation caused by his possession. Historically, towns were centers of social and economic life, and being cut off from such a community would have been devastating. This underscores the comprehensive nature of Jesus' mission to restore individuals not only spiritually but also socially.

For a long time he had not worn clothing
The absence of clothing is a symbol of the man's lost dignity and humanity. In biblical times, clothing was associated with identity and social status. The Greek word for "clothing" (ἱμάτιον) often refers to garments that signify one's role or position in society. The man's nakedness reflects his complete degradation and the dehumanizing effect of demonic possession. Jesus' encounter with him is a profound act of restoring dignity and identity.

or lived in a house
Living outside of a house signifies a lack of shelter, security, and belonging. In the ancient world, a house was not just a physical structure but a place of familial connection and protection. The Greek word for "house" (οἶκος) encompasses these ideas. The man's homelessness is a metaphor for his spiritual and emotional state, highlighting the comprehensive nature of his need for healing and restoration.

but he stayed in the tombs
The tombs were places of death and impurity, often located outside the city. The Greek word for "tombs" (μνημεῖα) refers to burial places, which were considered unclean according to Jewish law. The man's dwelling among the tombs symbolizes his separation from the living and his association with death. This setting underscores the depth of his bondage and the power of Jesus' forthcoming deliverance, as He brings life and purity into places of death and defilement.

When he saw Jesus
This phrase marks a pivotal moment in the narrative, where the demon-possessed man encounters Jesus. The Greek word for "saw" is "ἰδών" (idón), which implies more than just a physical sight; it suggests a recognition or understanding. This encounter is significant because it demonstrates the spiritual authority of Jesus, even before any words are spoken. Historically, this event takes place in the region of the Gerasenes, a Gentile area, highlighting Jesus' mission to reach all people, not just the Jews.

he cried out
The Greek word used here is "ἀνακράξας" (anakraxas), which means to cry out loudly or scream. This is a visceral reaction, indicating the torment and desperation of the demon-possessed man. The cry is not just a vocal expression but a spiritual one, acknowledging the presence of divine authority. This moment underscores the power struggle between the forces of darkness and the light of Christ.

and fell down before Him
The act of falling down, from the Greek "προσεκύνησεν" (prosekynēsen), is an act of worship or submission. In the context of this verse, it is ironic because the demons, who are in rebellion against God, are forced to submit to Jesus' authority. This action is a testament to the undeniable power of Jesus, who commands respect and submission from all spiritual entities.

and in a loud voice said
The phrase "in a loud voice" uses the Greek "φωνῇ μεγάλῃ" (phōnē megalē), emphasizing the intensity and urgency of the demon's speech. This loud proclamation is a public acknowledgment of Jesus' identity and authority. The historical context of loud proclamations in ancient times often signified important declarations, adding weight to the demon's recognition of Jesus.

What do You want with me, Jesus, Son of the Most High God?
This question reveals the demon's awareness of Jesus' divine identity. The title "Son of the Most High God" is significant, as it acknowledges Jesus' unique relationship with God, a recognition that even the spiritual realm cannot deny. The phrase "What do You want with me?" reflects the demon's fear and anticipation of judgment, knowing that Jesus has the power to command and control their fate.

I beg You, do not torment me!
The plea "I beg You" comes from the Greek "δέομαι" (deomai), which conveys a sense of earnest entreaty or supplication. The demons are aware of Jesus' authority to judge and punish them, and their request not to be tormented highlights their understanding of His power. This plea is a stark reminder of the ultimate authority of Christ over all creation, including the spiritual forces of evil. The historical and scriptural context of torment often relates to divine judgment, reinforcing the fear and submission of the demons in the presence of Jesus.

For Jesus had commanded the unclean spirit to come out of the man
This phrase highlights the authority of Jesus over demonic forces. The Greek word for "commanded" is "ἐπέταξεν" (epetaxen), which implies a strong, authoritative order. This reflects Jesus' divine authority, as He does not negotiate or plead with the spirit but commands it, demonstrating His power over the spiritual realm. The term "unclean spirit" refers to a demon, emphasizing its impurity and opposition to God's holiness. This encounter underscores the reality of spiritual warfare and the need for divine intervention.

Many times it had seized him
The phrase "many times" indicates the repeated and relentless nature of the demonic attacks on the man. The Greek word "πολλάκις" (pollakis) suggests frequency and intensity, illustrating the torment and control the demon had over the individual. This highlights the destructive power of evil and the suffering it can cause, emphasizing the need for deliverance through Christ.

and though he was bound with chains and shackles
The use of "chains and shackles" signifies the extreme measures taken to control the man, reflecting the severity of his condition. Historically, such restraints were used for those considered dangerous or uncontrollable. This imagery underscores the futility of human efforts to subdue spiritual forces without divine help, pointing to the necessity of Jesus' intervention.

he had broken the chains and been driven by the demon into solitary places
The phrase "broken the chains" demonstrates the supernatural strength given by the demon, surpassing human limitations. This act of breaking free symbolizes the destructive freedom that sin and evil can bring, leading to isolation and desolation. "Driven by the demon into solitary places" suggests a life of loneliness and despair, as the man is cut off from community and normalcy. This reflects the isolating nature of sin and the way it separates individuals from God and others, highlighting the need for restoration and healing through Christ.

What is your name?
In this passage, Jesus directly addresses the demon-possessed man, asking for his name. This question is significant as it demonstrates Jesus' authority and willingness to confront evil directly. In the cultural and historical context of the time, knowing someone's name was often associated with having power over them. By asking for the name, Jesus is asserting His authority over the demonic forces. The Greek word for "name" is "ὄνομα" (onoma), which signifies identity and essence. This highlights the personal nature of Jesus' ministry, as He seeks to restore the man's true identity, which has been overshadowed by the demonic presence.

Legion, he replied
The response "Legion" is profound and chilling. A Roman legion typically consisted of about 6,000 soldiers, indicating the multitude of demons possessing the man. This term underscores the severity of the man's condition and the overwhelming nature of the spiritual battle. The use of a military term also reflects the organized and destructive intent of the demonic forces. Historically, a legion was a symbol of power and domination, which contrasts with the ultimate power and authority of Jesus Christ, who is about to liberate the man.

because many demons had gone into him
This phrase provides insight into the spiritual affliction the man is experiencing. The Greek word for "demons" is "δαιμόνια" (daimonia), which refers to evil spirits or fallen angels opposed to God. The fact that "many demons" had entered the man illustrates the depth of his torment and the spiritual oppression he faced. This situation serves as a stark reminder of the reality of spiritual warfare and the destructive nature of sin and evil. However, it also sets the stage for the demonstration of Christ's power and compassion, as He is about to deliver the man from this bondage, showcasing His divine authority over all spiritual forces.

And they begged Him not to order them to go into the Abyss
And they begged Him
The phrase "they begged Him" indicates a sense of urgency and desperation from the demons. The Greek word used here is "παρεκάλουν" (parekaloun), which conveys a strong plea or entreaty. This reflects the demons' recognition of Jesus' authority and power over them. In the broader scriptural context, this plea underscores the spiritual hierarchy where even malevolent spirits must submit to Christ's command. Historically, this interaction highlights the pervasive belief in spiritual realms and entities during the time of Jesus, and the acknowledgment of His divine authority by all spiritual beings.

not to order them
The phrase "not to order them" reveals the demons' fear of Jesus' command. The Greek word "ἐπιτάξῃ" (epitaxē) is used here, meaning to command or give orders. This demonstrates the absolute authority of Jesus over the spiritual realm. In a conservative Christian perspective, this authority is a testament to Jesus' divine nature and His role as the ultimate judge and ruler over all creation, both seen and unseen.

to go into the Abyss
The "Abyss" is a term that carries significant weight in biblical literature. The Greek word "ἄβυσσος" (abyssos) refers to a deep, bottomless pit or a place of confinement for evil spirits. In Jewish apocalyptic literature, the Abyss is often depicted as a place of chaos and punishment. The demons' fear of being sent there indicates their awareness of the impending judgment and their desire to avoid it. From a theological standpoint, the Abyss represents the ultimate separation from God, a place of torment and despair. This highlights the reality of spiritual warfare and the eventual triumph of God's justice over evil. The historical context of this term would resonate with the audience of Luke's Gospel, who would understand the Abyss as a place of divine retribution and the final destination for evil.

There on the hillside
The phrase "there on the hillside" sets the scene in a rural, pastoral setting, which is significant in the context of Jewish culture. Hillsides were common grazing areas, and this particular location is in the region of the Gerasenes, a predominantly Gentile area. The geographical setting underscores the cultural and religious tensions present, as pigs were considered unclean animals in Jewish law (Leviticus 11:7). This setting highlights the boundary-crossing nature of Jesus' ministry, reaching out to Gentile territories.

a large herd of pigs
The presence of "a large herd of pigs" is notable, as it indicates a Gentile presence, given that pigs were not part of Jewish agricultural practices. The Greek word for "herd" (ἀγέλη, agelē) suggests a significant number, emphasizing the scale of the event about to unfold. This detail also foreshadows the dramatic impact of the demons' request and the subsequent miracle, illustrating the power and authority of Jesus over the spiritual realm.

was feeding
The pigs "was feeding" suggests a scene of normalcy and routine, which is about to be disrupted by the spiritual confrontation. The Greek verb used here (βόσκω, boskō) implies continuous action, indicating that the pigs were peacefully grazing, unaware of the impending spiritual encounter. This imagery serves as a metaphor for the unsuspecting nature of humanity, often oblivious to the spiritual battles occurring around them.

So the demons begged Jesus
The phrase "So the demons begged Jesus" reveals the recognition of Jesus' authority by the spiritual forces. The Greek word for "begged" (παρακαλέω, parakaleō) conveys a sense of urgent pleading, acknowledging Jesus' power over them. This interaction highlights the spiritual hierarchy, where even malevolent spirits must submit to the authority of Christ. It serves as a reminder of the ultimate sovereignty of Jesus over all creation, both physical and spiritual.

to let them enter the pigs
The demons' request "to let them enter the pigs" is a strategic move, as they seek to avoid being cast into the abyss (Luke 8:31). This request underscores their desperation and the destructive nature of their intent. Theologically, it illustrates the concept of spiritual warfare and the impact of evil on creation. The choice of pigs, unclean animals, further emphasizes the theme of impurity and the need for divine intervention to restore order.

and He gave them permission
The phrase "and He gave them permission" demonstrates Jesus' control over the situation. The Greek word for "permission" (ἐπιτρέπω, epitrepō) indicates a deliberate allowance, showcasing Jesus' authority to grant or deny the demons' request. This act of permission is not a concession but a demonstration of His power to use even the forces of evil to fulfill His purposes. It serves as a powerful reminder of the sovereignty of God, who can bring good out of even the most chaotic and destructive circumstances.

Then the demons came out of the man
This phrase marks a pivotal moment of deliverance and spiritual authority. The Greek word for "demons" is "daimonion," which refers to evil spirits or fallen angels that oppose God. The act of the demons coming out signifies Jesus' supreme authority over the spiritual realm. Historically, this demonstrates the power of Christ to liberate individuals from spiritual bondage, a theme that resonates throughout the New Testament. The man, previously tormented, is now set free, illustrating the transformative power of Jesus' ministry.

and went into the pigs
The transfer of demons into the pigs is a unique and dramatic event. Pigs, considered unclean animals in Jewish culture, symbolize impurity and chaos. The Greek word "piger" is used here, emphasizing the unclean nature of these animals. This act serves as a visible demonstration of the spiritual cleansing that has occurred. It also highlights the destructive nature of evil, as the demons' presence leads to chaos and destruction, even in the animal kingdom.

and the herd rushed down the steep bank
The imagery of the herd rushing down the steep bank is vivid and powerful. The Greek word "hormao" conveys a sense of violent movement, indicating the uncontrollable nature of the demonic influence. This scene underscores the destructive intent of the demons and contrasts sharply with the peace and order that Jesus brings. The steep bank, likely a cliff or sharp incline, serves as a metaphor for the perilous path of sin and rebellion against God.

into the lake and was drowned
The finality of the pigs' drowning in the lake symbolizes the ultimate defeat and judgment of evil. The Greek word "limne" for "lake" can also mean a body of water, often associated with chaos and judgment in biblical literature. The drowning signifies the cleansing and purifying power of water, a common biblical motif for judgment and renewal. This act foreshadows the ultimate victory of Christ over sin and death, offering hope and assurance of His sovereign control over all creation.

When those tending the pigs
This phrase refers to the herdsmen responsible for the care of the pigs. In the context of Jewish culture, pigs were considered unclean animals according to Levitical law (Leviticus 11:7). The presence of pig herders in this narrative suggests a Gentile region, likely the Decapolis, where Jewish dietary laws were not observed. The herdsmen's role highlights the economic and cultural tensions between Jewish and Gentile practices, setting the stage for the miraculous event that follows.

saw what had happened
The Greek word for "saw" (ἰδόντες, idontes) implies more than just physical sight; it suggests understanding or perceiving the significance of an event. The herdsmen witnessed the dramatic transformation of the demon-possessed man and the subsequent destruction of the pigs. This moment of realization underscores the power and authority of Jesus over the spiritual realm, as well as the tangible impact of His miracles on the physical world.

they ran off
The urgency in the herdsmen's response is captured by the phrase "ran off." The Greek verb used here (ἀπελθόντες, apelthontes) conveys a sense of immediate action. This reaction reflects the shock and awe experienced by the witnesses of Jesus' miraculous intervention. Their haste to spread the news indicates the profound impact of the event, which could not be contained or ignored.

and reported this
The act of reporting (ἀνήγγειλαν, anēngeilan) suggests a formal announcement or proclamation. The herdsmen became unwitting evangelists, spreading the news of Jesus' power and authority. This aligns with the broader theme in the Gospel of Luke, where the miraculous works of Jesus often lead to the spread of His fame and the message of the Kingdom of God.

in the town and countryside
The geographical scope of the herdsmen's report emphasizes the widespread impact of Jesus' miracle. The mention of both "town" and "countryside" indicates that the news reached diverse communities, both urban and rural. This dissemination of information foreshadows the expansive reach of the Gospel, transcending cultural and geographical boundaries. It also highlights the communal nature of the society, where news traveled quickly and affected the collective consciousness of the people.

And the people went out to see what had happened
This phrase indicates a communal response to a miraculous event. The Greek word for "people" (λαός, laos) often refers to a group bound by common identity or purpose. Here, it suggests a collective curiosity and a shared experience of witnessing divine intervention. Historically, such gatherings were common in ancient communities when extraordinary events occurred, reflecting a natural human inclination to seek understanding and witness the supernatural.

When they came to Jesus
The act of coming to Jesus signifies a movement towards the divine, both physically and spiritually. The Greek verb "came" (ἔρχομαι, erchomai) implies an intentional approach, suggesting that the people were drawn to Jesus not just out of curiosity but perhaps also out of a deeper spiritual need. In the broader scriptural context, approaching Jesus often symbolizes seeking truth, healing, or salvation.

they found the man from whom the demons had gone out
This phrase highlights the transformative power of Jesus' ministry. The Greek word for "found" (εὑρίσκω, heuriskō) implies discovery, indicating that the man's new state was unexpected and remarkable. The mention of "demons" (δαιμόνια, daimonia) underscores the spiritual warfare theme prevalent in the Gospels, where Jesus' authority over evil spirits is a testament to His divine power.

sitting at Jesus’ feet
Sitting at someone's feet in ancient times was a posture of learning and discipleship. The Greek word for "sitting" (καθήμενος, kathēmenos) suggests a settled, peaceful state, contrasting with the man's previous turmoil. This imagery evokes the idea of submission and reverence, as the man now assumes the position of a disciple, eager to learn from the Master.

clothed and in his right mind
The transformation is complete, both externally and internally. The Greek word for "clothed" (ἱματισμένος, himatismenos) indicates a restoration of dignity and humanity, as the man is no longer naked and exposed. "In his right mind" (σωφρονοῦντα, sōphronounta) suggests a return to sanity and self-control, a stark contrast to his previous state of possession. This dual restoration signifies the holistic healing that Jesus offers, addressing both physical and spiritual needs.

and they were afraid
Fear is a common reaction to the divine throughout Scripture. The Greek word for "afraid" (ἐφοβήθησαν, ephobēthēsan) can denote awe or reverence, as well as fear. This reaction reflects the people's recognition of Jesus' extraordinary power and authority. Historically, such fear often accompanies encounters with the divine, as humans grapple with the reality of God's presence and power in their midst. This fear can lead to deeper faith or, conversely, to rejection, depending on the heart's openness to God's work.

Meanwhile
This word serves as a transitional term, indicating a continuation of the narrative. In the context of Luke 8, it connects the miraculous event of Jesus healing the demon-possessed man with the subsequent reactions of the witnesses. The Greek word used here, "δέ" (de), often functions to introduce a new development or contrast. It suggests that while the miraculous event was occurring, there was simultaneous activity among the observers, setting the stage for the unfolding testimony.

those who had seen it
This phrase refers to the eyewitnesses of the miracle. In the Greek, "οἱ ἰδόντες" (hoi idontes) emphasizes the direct experience of the witnesses. Their testimony is crucial, as it provides a firsthand account of Jesus' power and authority over demonic forces. Historically, eyewitness accounts were highly valued in ancient cultures, lending credibility and authenticity to the narrative. This underscores the importance of personal testimony in the spread of the Gospel message.

reported
The Greek word "ἀπήγγειλαν" (apēngeilan) means to announce or declare. This term implies a formal or public proclamation, suggesting that the witnesses felt compelled to share the extraordinary event they had observed. In a broader scriptural context, this reflects the early Christian practice of bearing witness to the works of Jesus, which was foundational to the growth of the early Church. The act of reporting is not merely informational but serves as a testament to the transformative power of Christ.

how the demon-possessed man
This phrase highlights the condition of the individual before the miracle. The Greek term "δαιμονιζόμενος" (daimonizomenos) indicates one who is under the influence or control of a demon. In the historical and cultural context of the New Testament, demon possession was understood as a severe affliction, often associated with mental and physical torment. The mention of the man's previous state underscores the severity of his condition and magnifies the power of Jesus' healing.

had been healed
The Greek word "ἐσώθη" (esōthē) is often translated as "saved" or "delivered," indicating a complete restoration. This term conveys not only physical healing but also spiritual liberation and salvation. In the context of Luke 8, the healing of the demon-possessed man is a powerful demonstration of Jesus' authority over evil and His ability to bring wholeness to those who are broken. This miraculous act serves as a foretaste of the ultimate salvation that Jesus offers to all who believe in Him.

Then all the people of the region of the Gerasenes
This phrase sets the geographical and cultural context of the narrative. The "Gerasenes" refers to a Gentile region on the eastern side of the Sea of Galilee. The people here were not Jewish, which is significant because it highlights Jesus' ministry extending beyond the Jewish people. The term "Gerasenes" is sometimes interchanged with "Gadarenes" or "Gergesenes" in different manuscripts, but it consistently refers to a non-Jewish area. This setting underscores the universality of Jesus' mission and the breaking of cultural and religious barriers.

asked Jesus to depart from them
The request for Jesus to leave is a profound moment of rejection. Despite witnessing a miraculous deliverance of a demon-possessed man, the people prioritize their fear and discomfort over the presence of divine power. This reflects a common human tendency to resist change or the unknown, even when it is for the better. The Greek word used here for "asked" (παρεκάλεσαν, parekalesan) can also mean "begged" or "implored," indicating the intensity of their request. It suggests a deep-seated fear or misunderstanding of Jesus' power and authority.

because great fear had taken hold of them
The "great fear" that grips the people is a reaction to the supernatural event they have just witnessed. In the biblical context, fear often accompanies divine encounters, as seen in other scriptural accounts where individuals encounter angels or witness miracles. This fear can be both reverential and terrifying. The Greek word for "fear" (φόβος, phobos) is the root of the English word "phobia," indicating an overwhelming and consuming emotion. The people's fear may stem from a lack of understanding of Jesus' identity and the implications of His power.

So He got into the boat and started back
Jesus' response to the people's request is one of respect and non-coercion. He does not force His presence upon those who do not welcome Him, illustrating the principle of free will. The act of "getting into the boat" signifies a physical departure but also symbolizes a missed opportunity for the Gerasenes to embrace the transformative power of Christ. The phrase "started back" indicates a return to the other side of the Sea of Galilee, where His ministry would continue. This moment serves as a reminder of the importance of being open to divine intervention and the consequences of rejecting it.

The man whom the demons had left
This phrase refers to the individual who had been possessed by a legion of demons, as described earlier in Luke 8. The Greek word for "demons" is "daimonion," which in the New Testament context often refers to evil spirits that torment individuals. The deliverance of this man is a powerful testament to Jesus' authority over the spiritual realm. Historically, demon possession was a significant concern in the ancient world, and Jesus' ability to cast out demons demonstrated His divine power and compassion. This phrase highlights the transformative power of Christ, as the man is now free from the torment that once controlled him.

begged to go with Him
The Greek word for "begged" is "deomai," which conveys a deep, earnest request. This man's desire to accompany Jesus reflects a profound gratitude and a longing to remain close to the one who had liberated him. In the cultural context of the time, following a rabbi or teacher was a sign of discipleship and commitment. The man's plea indicates his recognition of Jesus not only as a healer but as a master worthy of following. This reflects the natural response of a heart that has been touched and transformed by the grace of God.

But Jesus sent him away, saying
The conjunction "but" introduces a contrast between the man's desire and Jesus' response. The Greek word for "sent" is "apoluo," which can mean to release or dismiss. Jesus' decision to send the man away, rather than allowing him to follow, is significant. It underscores the idea that discipleship can take many forms and that Jesus has a unique mission for each individual. In this case, Jesus had a specific purpose for the man to fulfill in his own community. This highlights the broader mission of spreading the Gospel and the importance of witnessing to one's own people. Jesus' response is a reminder that while personal devotion is important, the call to share the good news is paramount.

Return home
This phrase is a directive from Jesus to the man who had been freed from demonic possession. The Greek word for "return" is "hypostrepho," which means to turn back or return to a previous place. In this context, it signifies a restoration not only to a physical location but also to a state of normalcy and community. The command to return home underscores the importance of family and community in the Christian life. It suggests that one's testimony and transformation should first be evident in the most intimate and familiar settings. Historically, the home was the center of Jewish life, a place of teaching and tradition, making this command deeply significant.

and tell
The Greek word "diēgeomai" is used here, meaning to narrate or describe in detail. This implies that the man is not just to mention his experience but to give a full account of what has happened to him. The act of telling is a form of witnessing, a core component of Christian discipleship. It highlights the importance of personal testimony in spreading the Gospel. In the early church, oral tradition was a primary means of sharing the faith, and this directive aligns with that practice.

how much God has done for you
This phrase emphasizes the magnitude of the transformation and the source of the miracle. The Greek word "hosos" (how much) indicates the extent and abundance of God's work in the man's life. The focus on "God" as the doer of the action points to the divine authority and power behind the miracle. It serves as a reminder that all good things come from God, and it is He who deserves the glory. This aligns with the broader biblical narrative that attributes all miraculous works to God's intervention and grace.

So the man went away
The man's obedience to Jesus' command is immediate and complete. The phrase "went away" (Greek: "aperchomai") suggests a departure with purpose. It reflects a change in direction, both physically and spiritually. This obedience is a model for believers, demonstrating the importance of responding to Jesus' instructions without hesitation.

and proclaimed throughout the town
The word "proclaimed" comes from the Greek "kēryssō," meaning to herald or publicly announce. This indicates that the man's testimony was not a private affair but a public declaration. The setting "throughout the town" suggests that his witness was comprehensive, reaching all parts of his community. This public proclamation is a powerful example of evangelism, showing that personal transformation can have a wide-reaching impact.

how much Jesus had done for him
This final phrase ties the man's testimony directly to Jesus, affirming His divine role in the miracle. The repetition of "how much" reinforces the magnitude of the change in the man's life. By attributing his healing to Jesus, the man acknowledges Jesus' divine authority and power. This is a crucial element of Christian witness, as it points others to Christ as the source of salvation and transformation. The parallel between what God has done and what Jesus has done subtly affirms the divinity of Christ, a cornerstone of conservative Christian theology.

When Jesus returned
This phrase marks a significant moment in the narrative of Jesus' ministry. The Greek word for "returned" is "ὑπέστρεψεν" (hupestrepsen), which implies a return to a place previously visited. Jesus had just crossed back over the Sea of Galilee, returning from the region of the Gerasenes where He had performed the miracle of casting out demons. This return signifies not just a physical movement but a continuation of His mission among the people who were eagerly anticipating His presence. Historically, this reflects the itinerant nature of Jesus' ministry, moving from place to place to spread His message and perform miracles.

the crowd welcomed Him
The Greek word for "welcomed" is "ἀπεδέξατο" (apedechato), which conveys a sense of eager reception and hospitality. This welcoming by the crowd indicates their recognition of Jesus' authority and the hope they placed in Him. In the context of first-century Judea, where the people were under Roman occupation and longing for deliverance, Jesus' return was a beacon of hope. The crowd's reaction is a testament to His growing influence and the anticipation of His teachings and miracles.

for they had all been waiting for Him
The phrase "had all been waiting" is derived from the Greek "ἦσαν πάντες προσδοκῶντες" (ēsan pantes prosdokōntes), which suggests a continuous state of expectation. This waiting reflects the deep yearning of the people for spiritual and physical healing, as well as the fulfillment of messianic prophecies. In a broader scriptural context, this anticipation can be seen as a microcosm of the Jewish expectation for the Messiah, a theme that runs throughout the Old Testament. The crowd's waiting is not passive but filled with hope and faith, illustrating the human condition of longing for divine intervention and the fulfillment of God's promises.

And a man named Jairus
The name "Jairus" is of Hebrew origin, meaning "he enlightens" or "he will awaken." This is significant in the context of the narrative, as Jairus seeks Jesus to bring life and healing to his daughter. Historically, names in the Bible often carry prophetic or symbolic meanings, and Jairus' name foreshadows the miraculous awakening of his daughter. Jairus, as a synagogue leader, represents a bridge between Jewish tradition and the new covenant Jesus is establishing.

came
The Greek word used here is "ἦλθεν" (ēlthen), which is a form of the verb "erchomai," meaning "to come" or "to go." This word indicates an intentional action, suggesting Jairus' determination and faith in seeking out Jesus. In the cultural context of the time, approaching a rabbi or teacher was a significant act, especially for someone of Jairus' status, indicating humility and desperation.

and fell at Jesus’ feet
This phrase signifies an act of worship, submission, and desperation. In the ancient Near Eastern culture, falling at someone's feet was a gesture of deep respect and earnest supplication. Jairus' action demonstrates his recognition of Jesus' authority and power, despite his own high standing as a synagogue leader. This act of humility is a powerful testament to his faith and the urgency of his request.

pleading with Him
The Greek word "παρεκάλει" (parekalei) is used here, which means "to call to one's side," "to entreat," or "to beseech." This word conveys a sense of earnestness and urgency. Jairus is not merely asking; he is imploring Jesus with deep emotion. This reflects the dire situation he faces and his belief that Jesus is the only one who can help.

to come to his house
In the cultural and historical context, inviting someone into one's home was a significant gesture of hospitality and trust. Jairus' request for Jesus to come to his house underscores his faith in Jesus' ability to heal and his willingness to open his home to Him. It also highlights the personal nature of Jesus' ministry, as He often engaged with individuals and families in their own environments.

because his only daughter, about twelve years old, was dying
because
The word "because" serves as a conjunction that provides the reason or cause for the preceding action. In the context of Luke 8:42, it connects the urgency of Jairus' plea to Jesus with the dire situation of his daughter. This highlights the desperation and faith of Jairus, a synagogue leader, who seeks Jesus' help. The Greek word used here is "διότι" (dioti), which emphasizes causation and necessity, underscoring the critical nature of the situation.

his only daughter
The phrase "his only daughter" is significant in understanding the depth of Jairus' distress. The Greek word for "only" is "μονογενής" (monogenēs), which means unique or one of a kind. This term is often used in the New Testament to describe Jesus as the only begotten Son of God, highlighting the preciousness and irreplaceability of Jairus' daughter. In a historical context, an only child, especially a daughter, would have been cherished and seen as the future hope of the family lineage.

about twelve years old
The age "about twelve years old" is noteworthy both culturally and scripturally. In Jewish tradition, twelve is the age of transition from childhood to adulthood, marking the time when a girl becomes a "bat mitzvah" and is considered responsible for her own actions. This age signifies a pivotal moment in her life, making her impending death even more tragic. The Greek word "ὡσεὶ" (hōsei) indicates approximation, suggesting that she was on the cusp of this significant life change.

was dying
The phrase "was dying" conveys the immediacy and severity of the situation. The Greek verb "ἀπέθνησκεν" (apethnēskō) is in the imperfect tense, indicating a continuous or ongoing action. This suggests that her condition was progressively worsening, creating a sense of urgency for Jairus to seek Jesus' intervention. In the broader scriptural context, this moment sets the stage for a miraculous demonstration of Jesus' power over life and death, reinforcing His divine authority and compassion.

including a woman
This phrase introduces a specific individual within the larger narrative of Jesus' ministry. The Greek word for "woman" here is "γυνή" (gynē), which can denote a wife or a woman of any age. In the context of the Gospels, women often play significant roles in demonstrating faith and receiving Jesus' compassion. This particular woman is highlighted to show the personal nature of Jesus' ministry and His attention to individual needs.

who had suffered
The Greek word "πάσχω" (paschō) is used here, meaning to suffer or endure pain. This term conveys not just physical suffering but also emotional and social distress. In the Jewish context, her condition would have rendered her ceremonially unclean, isolating her from community and worship, adding layers of suffering beyond the physical ailment.

from bleeding
The condition described is likely a chronic hemorrhage, possibly a menstrual disorder. The Greek term "αἱμορροοῦσα" (haimorroousa) specifically refers to a flow of blood. According to Levitical law (Leviticus 15:25-27), such a condition would make her perpetually unclean, affecting her social and religious life profoundly.

for twelve years
The number twelve is significant in biblical numerology, often representing completeness or the people of God (e.g., twelve tribes of Israel). Her twelve years of suffering could symbolize a complete cycle of affliction, emphasizing the depth and duration of her trial. This long period of suffering highlights her desperation and the miraculous nature of her healing.

She had spent all her money on physicians
This phrase underscores her desperation and the futility of human solutions. The Greek word "ἰατροῖς" (iatrois) refers to doctors or healers. In the ancient world, medical practices were rudimentary, and this woman's experience reflects the limitations of human wisdom and effort. Her financial depletion also indicates the costliness of seeking healing, both materially and emotionally.

but no one was able to heal her
This statement sets the stage for the miraculous intervention of Jesus. The Greek word "θεραπεύω" (therapeuō) means to heal or cure, and its use here emphasizes the inability of human means to provide relief. This prepares the reader for the contrast between human inability and divine power, highlighting Jesus as the ultimate healer.

She came up behind Him
This phrase highlights the woman's approach to Jesus, emphasizing her humility and desperation. In the cultural context of first-century Judea, a woman suffering from a bleeding disorder would have been considered ceremonially unclean, as per Levitical law (Leviticus 15:25-27). Her decision to approach Jesus from behind reflects both her awareness of societal norms and her deep faith that even a secretive touch could bring healing. The Greek word for "came up" (προσελθοῦσα, proselthousa) suggests an intentional and determined action, indicating her belief in Jesus' power to heal.

and touched the fringe of His cloak
The "fringe" refers to the tassels (tzitzit) that Jewish men wore on the corners of their garments, as commanded in Numbers 15:38-39. These tassels were a reminder of God's commandments and a symbol of piety. By touching the fringe, the woman was not only reaching out for physical healing but also connecting with the spiritual significance of Jesus' identity as a devout Jew and a teacher. The Greek word for "touched" (ἥψατο, hēpsato) implies a deliberate and faith-filled action, underscoring her belief that even the smallest contact with Jesus could result in a miracle.

and immediately her bleeding stopped
The word "immediately" (παραχρῆμα, parachrēma) is significant, as it underscores the instantaneous nature of the miracle. This immediate cessation of her bleeding is a testament to the divine power of Jesus, affirming His authority over physical ailments and His compassion for those in distress. The phrase "her bleeding stopped" not only indicates a physical healing but also a restoration of her social and religious standing, as she would no longer be considered unclean. This miraculous event serves as a powerful demonstration of faith and the transformative power of Jesus' presence.

Who touched Me?
In this phrase, Jesus poses a question that seems simple yet is profound in its implications. The Greek word for "touched" is "ἥψατο" (hēpsato), which implies a deliberate and intentional act. This is not a casual brush against someone in a crowd but a purposeful reaching out. In the context of Luke 8, this touch is an act of faith by the woman who had been suffering from a bleeding disorder for twelve years. Her touch is a silent prayer, a desperate plea for healing. Jesus' question, "Who touched Me?" highlights His awareness and sensitivity to the faith of individuals, even in a thronging crowd. It underscores the personal nature of His ministry and His desire to connect with each person on a personal level.

Jesus asked
The phrase "Jesus asked" indicates that Jesus is not only aware of the physical touch but is also seeking to engage with the person behind the act. The Greek word "εἶπεν" (eipen) is used here, which means "said" or "asked," showing that Jesus is initiating a dialogue. This is significant because it demonstrates that Jesus is not merely a passive healer but an active participant in the lives of those He touches. His question is an invitation for the woman to step forward, to be recognized, and to testify to her faith and healing. It is a reminder that Jesus values personal interaction and confession of faith.

But they all denied it
This phrase reveals the initial reaction of the crowd and the disciples. The Greek word "ἠρνοῦντο" (ērnounto) means "denied" or "refused," indicating that those around Jesus were either unaware of the woman's action or unwilling to admit to it. This denial can be seen as a reflection of human nature, where people often hesitate to step forward in faith or admit their need for Jesus. It also sets the stage for the woman's courageous act of coming forward, despite the potential for embarrassment or rebuke. The crowd's denial contrasts with the woman's faith, highlighting the personal nature of her encounter with Jesus.

Peter said, Master, the people are crowding and pressing against You
Peter's response is practical and somewhat incredulous. The Greek word "ἐπιστάτα" (epistata) is used for "Master," a term of respect and recognition of Jesus' authority. Peter points out the obvious: the crowd is large, and many are pressing against Jesus. The Greek word "συνέχουσιν" (synechousin) means "crowding" or "pressing," indicating the physical closeness of the crowd. Peter's statement reflects a common human tendency to focus on the visible and tangible, missing the deeper spiritual reality. His response serves as a reminder that Jesus' awareness and power transcend the physical realm, and He is attuned to the faith and needs of individuals even in the midst of chaos.

But Jesus declared
This phrase introduces the authoritative voice of Jesus, emphasizing His role as the divine teacher and healer. The Greek word for "declared" is "εἶπεν" (eipen), which is often used to denote a significant or authoritative statement. In the context of the Gospels, when Jesus speaks, it is with the authority of God Himself, underscoring His divine nature and the importance of His words. This declaration is not just a casual observation but a profound acknowledgment of a spiritual transaction that has occurred.

Someone touched Me
The act of touching in this context is significant. The Greek word "ἥψατο" (hēpsato) implies a deliberate and intentional act. In the cultural and historical context of the time, touching a rabbi or a holy man was not a casual act; it was laden with meaning and often seen as a way to receive blessing or healing. This touch was not just physical but an act of faith, as the woman believed that merely touching Jesus' garment would heal her. This highlights the personal and intimate nature of faith, where an individual's belief can lead to a direct encounter with the divine.

for I know
The phrase "I know" reflects Jesus' omniscience. The Greek word "ἔγνων" (egnōn) indicates a deep, intuitive knowledge. Jesus' awareness of the power leaving Him demonstrates His divine insight and the personal nature of His ministry. He is not a distant deity but one who is intimately aware of and responsive to the needs of individuals. This knowledge is not just intellectual but relational, showing that Jesus is fully aware of the faith and needs of those who seek Him.

that power has gone out from Me
The "power" referred to here is "δύναμις" (dynamis) in Greek, which denotes miraculous power or divine energy. This power is not abstract but is a tangible expression of God's presence and action in the world. The fact that it "has gone out" from Jesus indicates a transfer of divine energy, a miraculous healing that occurs through faith. This underscores the belief that Jesus is the source of divine power and that faith acts as a conduit for receiving God's grace and healing. The historical context of this passage shows that Jesus' miracles were signs of the in-breaking of God's kingdom, demonstrating His authority over sickness and His compassion for the suffering.

Then the woman
The phrase introduces us to a pivotal character in this narrative. The Greek word for "woman" here is "γυνή" (gynē), which can denote a wife or a woman of any age. This woman, though unnamed, is significant in her faith and desperation. Her anonymity highlights her marginalized status in society, yet her faith brings her to the forefront of this divine encounter.

seeing that she could not escape notice
The Greek verb "λέγω" (legō) implies a realization or understanding. The woman recognizes that her attempt to remain hidden has failed. This moment of realization is crucial, as it transitions her from a state of fear to one of confession. Her inability to remain unnoticed underscores the omniscience of Jesus and the divine nature of His mission.

came trembling
"Trembling" is translated from the Greek "τρέμω" (tremō), indicating a physical manifestation of fear or reverence. This trembling is not just fear of being discovered but also a profound awe in the presence of the divine. Her trembling reflects the human response to the holy and the miraculous, a theme recurrent in biblical encounters with God.

and fell down before Him
The act of falling down, from the Greek "πίπτω" (piptō), is a gesture of submission and worship. In biblical times, prostration was a common expression of reverence and supplication. This act signifies her acknowledgment of Jesus' authority and her own humility and need.

In the presence of all the people
This phrase highlights the public nature of her confession. The Greek "λαός" (laos) refers to the people or crowd. Her testimony is not just a private matter but a public declaration of faith and healing. This public aspect emphasizes the communal nature of faith and the importance of witness in the Christian life.

she explained why she had touched Him
The Greek word "διηγέομαι" (diēgeomai) means to narrate or recount. Her explanation is a testimony of faith and desperation. Touching Jesus, especially as a woman with a bleeding condition, was a bold act, breaking social and religious norms. Her explanation reveals her faith in Jesus' power to heal.

and how she had immediately been healed
The immediacy of her healing, "παραχρῆμα" (parachrēma), underscores the power and authority of Jesus. This instantaneous healing is a testament to the divine nature of Jesus' miracles. It also serves as a powerful witness to the crowd, affirming Jesus' identity as the Messiah and the transformative power of faith.

Then He said to her
In this phrase, "He" refers to Jesus Christ, the central figure of the New Testament. The context of this passage is a miraculous healing, where Jesus addresses a woman who had been suffering for twelve years. The Greek word for "said" is "εἶπεν" (eipen), which is often used in the New Testament to denote authoritative speech. This highlights Jesus' role as a teacher and healer, whose words carry divine authority and compassion. The personal address "to her" signifies the intimate and direct relationship Jesus has with individuals, emphasizing His personal care and attention to each person's needs.

Daughter
The term "Daughter" is a term of endearment and signifies a familial relationship. In the Greek, "θυγάτηρ" (thygatēr) is used, which is a tender expression, showing Jesus' compassion and acceptance. This is the only recorded instance in the Gospels where Jesus addresses a woman with this term, highlighting her inclusion into the family of God. It signifies restoration not only of her health but also of her dignity and status within the community.

your faith
The phrase "your faith" underscores the importance of personal belief and trust in Jesus. The Greek word for "faith" is "πίστις" (pistis), which implies a deep conviction and reliance on God. This faith is not merely intellectual assent but a trust that moves one to action, as demonstrated by the woman's bold approach to Jesus. It is a reminder that faith is a key component in the Christian life, essential for receiving God's grace and blessings.

has healed you
The Greek word for "healed" is "σέσωκέν" (sesōken), which can also mean "saved" or "made whole." This dual meaning reflects the holistic nature of Jesus' healing, which encompasses physical, spiritual, and emotional restoration. The healing is attributed to the woman's faith, yet it is ultimately the power of Jesus that brings about her wholeness. This phrase emphasizes the transformative power of faith in Christ, which brings about complete restoration and salvation.

Go in peace
The command "Go in peace" is a blessing and a release. The Greek word for "peace" is "εἰρήνη" (eirēnē), which conveys a sense of wholeness, well-being, and harmony with God. This peace is not merely the absence of conflict but a profound sense of spiritual tranquility and assurance. Jesus' words assure the woman of her restored relationship with God and her community, allowing her to live a life free from fear and anxiety. This phrase encapsulates the ultimate goal of Jesus' ministry: to bring peace between God and humanity.

While He was still speaking
This phrase indicates the immediacy and urgency of the situation. Jesus was in the midst of addressing the crowd or perhaps Jairus, the synagogue leader, when the interruption occurred. The Greek word for "speaking" is "λαλέω" (laleó), which often implies a continuous or ongoing action. This suggests that Jesus was actively engaged in His ministry, emphasizing His constant availability and readiness to respond to human needs.

someone arrived
The arrival of this messenger is pivotal. The Greek term "ἔρχεσθαι" (erchomai) is used here, which means to come or to go. This word often signifies a purposeful action, indicating that the messenger had a specific and urgent message to deliver. The arrival of this person marks a turning point in the narrative, highlighting the tension between human despair and divine intervention.

from the house of the synagogue leader
This phrase situates the event within a specific social and religious context. The synagogue leader, or "ἀρχισυνάγωγος" (archisynagogos), was a person of significant standing within the Jewish community, responsible for the administration of the synagogue. This detail underscores the gravity of the situation, as it involves a respected and influential figure facing personal tragedy. It also sets the stage for Jesus' interaction with the Jewish religious establishment.

Your daughter is dead
These words convey a message of finality and hopelessness. The Greek word for "dead" is "ἀπέθανεν" (apethanen), which is a past tense verb indicating that the event has already occurred. This statement is meant to close the door on any hope for recovery, reflecting the human perspective that death is the ultimate end. It challenges the faith of Jairus and sets the stage for Jesus to demonstrate His power over life and death.

he told him
The act of telling, "λέγω" (legó) in Greek, is significant here. It implies a direct communication, often with authority or certainty. The messenger's role is to convey what is perceived as an undeniable truth, yet it also serves as a catalyst for the unfolding miracle. This moment of communication is crucial, as it tests Jairus' faith and his willingness to continue trusting in Jesus despite the dire news.

Do not trouble the Teacher anymore
This phrase reflects a common human response to despair: the inclination to give up. The word "trouble" is translated from the Greek "σκύλλω" (skylló), which means to harass or bother. The messenger assumes that Jesus' power is limited to healing the living, not raising the dead. Referring to Jesus as "the Teacher" acknowledges His role as a rabbi and spiritual leader, yet it also underestimates His divine authority. This statement sets the stage for Jesus to redefine the boundaries of His ministry and to reveal His power over death itself.

But Jesus
This phrase marks a pivotal moment in the narrative, emphasizing the direct intervention of Jesus in a situation of despair. The Greek word for "but" (δέ, de) often introduces a contrast or a shift in the narrative. Here, it signifies a transition from fear and hopelessness to divine assurance and power. The name "Jesus" (Ἰησοῦς, Iēsous) is the Greek form of the Hebrew name Yeshua, meaning "The Lord is salvation." This highlights His role as the Savior who brings hope and deliverance.

hearing this
The phrase indicates Jesus' awareness and attentiveness to the situation. The Greek verb used here for "hearing" (ἀκούσας, akousas) implies not just passive listening but an active, discerning attention. It underscores Jesus' omniscience and His ability to perceive the needs and fears of those around Him, even amidst a crowd.

answered him
This shows Jesus' direct response to the situation. The Greek word for "answered" (ἀποκριθεὶς, apokritheis) suggests a thoughtful and authoritative reply. Jesus' response is not just a reaction but a deliberate and purposeful engagement with the person in need, demonstrating His compassion and authority.

Do not be afraid
This command is a common biblical exhortation, often used by God or His messengers to reassure His people. The Greek phrase (Μὴ φοβοῦ, Mē phobou) is an imperative, urging the listener to cease from fear. It reflects a consistent biblical theme where faith in God is presented as the antidote to fear. Jesus, as the embodiment of divine presence, offers peace and courage in the face of daunting circumstances.

just believe
The call to "just believe" (μόνον πίστευε, monon pisteue) is a central tenet of Christian faith. The Greek word for "believe" (πιστεύω, pisteuō) implies trust, confidence, and reliance upon God. This phrase emphasizes the sufficiency of faith in Jesus, encouraging believers to place their trust in His power and promises, even when situations seem impossible.

and she will be healed
This promise of healing (σωθήσεται, sōthēsetai) is both physical and spiritual. The Greek word used here can mean to save, heal, or deliver, indicating a holistic restoration. Jesus assures that faith in Him will result in the girl's recovery, demonstrating His authority over life and death. This promise reflects the broader biblical narrative of redemption and restoration through faith in Christ.

When He arrived
This phrase marks the arrival of Jesus at a significant moment. The Greek word used here is "παραγίνομαι" (paraginomai), which means to come or to be present. This arrival is not just a physical presence but signifies the divine intervention of Jesus in a moment of crisis. Historically, Jesus' presence often brought hope and change, and this instance is no different. His arrival is a turning point, emphasizing His authority and compassion.

at the house
The house represents a place of personal and familial significance. In Jewish culture, the home was a central part of life, a place of safety and community. The Greek word "οἶκος" (oikos) is used, which can mean both a physical house and a household or family. This setting underscores the personal nature of Jesus' ministry, as He often entered homes to bring healing and teaching, showing that His work was not confined to public spaces but extended into the intimate areas of life.

He did not let anyone go in
This phrase highlights Jesus' intentionality and discernment. The Greek verb "εἰσέρχομαι" (eiserchomai) means to enter. By restricting access, Jesus creates a controlled environment, focusing on the faith and presence of those who truly believe. This action reflects His wisdom in managing the situation, ensuring that the atmosphere is conducive to the miracle He is about to perform. It also serves as a reminder of the importance of faith and the exclusion of doubt in witnessing God's power.

with Him
The phrase indicates companionship and support. The Greek "μετ᾽ αὐτοῦ" (met' autou) suggests a close association. Jesus often chose a select few to accompany Him during significant events, emphasizing the importance of community and shared faith. This companionship is a model for Christian fellowship, where believers are encouraged to support one another in faith and witness the works of God together.

except Peter, John, and James
These three disciples are often singled out in the Gospels for special moments with Jesus. Their inclusion here is significant, as they are part of Jesus' inner circle. Historically, Peter, John, and James were leaders in the early church, and their experiences with Jesus prepared them for their future roles. Their presence underscores the importance of leadership and mentorship in the Christian faith, as they were witnesses to Jesus' power and later shared these experiences to strengthen the early church.

and the child’s father and mother
The presence of the child's parents is crucial, as it highlights the personal and familial impact of Jesus' miracles. In Jewish culture, family was of utmost importance, and the inclusion of the parents signifies the restoration of their household. The Greek words "πατήρ" (patēr) and "μήτηρ" (mētēr) emphasize the parental roles, underscoring the compassion of Jesus in addressing the grief and loss experienced by the family. This moment is a testament to Jesus' care for individuals and families, offering hope and restoration in times of despair.

Meanwhile everyone was weeping and mourning for her
The scene is set with a vivid depiction of grief. The Greek word for "weeping" is "klaió," which conveys a loud expression of sorrow, often associated with public mourning. In Jewish culture, mourning was a communal activity, often involving professional mourners to express the depth of loss. This highlights the perceived finality of death and the community's shared sorrow. The word "mourning" comes from "thrénéō," which implies lamentation, a deep, heartfelt expression of grief. This cultural context underscores the hopelessness that pervaded the scene before Jesus' intervention.

But Jesus said, 'Stop weeping
The phrase "But Jesus said" introduces a divine interruption into the human experience of despair. The Greek word "eipon" (said) signifies authoritative speech. Jesus' command to "Stop weeping" is not merely a suggestion but a directive that challenges the prevailing understanding of the situation. It reflects His authority over life and death, and His ability to transform circumstances. This command invites the mourners to shift their perspective from despair to hope, foreshadowing the miraculous.

she is not dead but asleep
The phrase "she is not dead" is a profound declaration. In Greek, "ou gar apethanen" (not dead) directly contradicts the mourners' perception. Jesus redefines the girl's state, emphasizing His power over death. The term "asleep" (Greek "katheudō") is often used metaphorically in Scripture to describe death from a divine perspective, suggesting temporariness and the promise of awakening. This reflects a Christian understanding of death as a temporary state, with the hope of resurrection through Christ. Jesus' words challenge the finality of death, offering a glimpse of the eternal life promised to believers.

And they laughed at Him, knowing that she was dead
And they laughed at Him
This phrase captures a moment of disbelief and scorn directed at Jesus. The Greek word used here for "laughed" is "καταγελάω" (katagelao), which implies a mocking or derisive laughter. This reaction from the crowd highlights their skepticism and lack of faith in Jesus' power over life and death. In the cultural and historical context of the time, death was seen as final and irreversible, and the mourners' laughter underscores their certainty in this belief. This moment serves as a powerful contrast to the faith that Jesus calls for, illustrating the common human tendency to doubt what seems impossible. It challenges believers to trust in Jesus' authority and power, even when circumstances appear hopeless.

knowing that she was dead
The phrase "knowing that she was dead" emphasizes the certainty and finality of the girl's condition as perceived by the onlookers. The Greek word for "knowing" is "εἰδότες" (eidotes), which implies a deep, experiential knowledge. The mourners were likely familiar with the signs of death, having witnessed it before, and their knowledge was based on observable evidence. This context is crucial because it sets the stage for the miraculous nature of what Jesus was about to do. In a broader scriptural context, this moment foreshadows the resurrection power of Christ, which is fully realized in His own resurrection. It invites believers to reflect on the limitations of human understanding and the boundless possibilities of divine intervention. This phrase challenges the faithful to recognize that God's power transcends human knowledge and experience, encouraging a deeper trust in His promises and capabilities.

But Jesus
This phrase marks a pivotal moment in the narrative, emphasizing the direct intervention of Jesus. The Greek word for "but" (δέ, de) often introduces a contrast or a significant shift in the narrative. Here, it highlights the transition from the mournful scene to the miraculous action of Jesus. In the context of the Gospel of Luke, Jesus is frequently portrayed as the one who brings hope and change, contrasting the despair and limitations of human circumstances.

took her by the hand
The act of taking someone by the hand is a gesture of compassion and authority. In the cultural and historical context of the time, physical touch was significant, often conveying healing and connection. The Greek word for "took" (κρατέω, krateo) implies a firm grasp, indicating Jesus' control and power over the situation. This action is reminiscent of other healing miracles where Jesus' touch brings restoration, underscoring His divine authority and the personal nature of His miracles.

and called out
The phrase "called out" (φωνέω, phoneo) suggests a commanding voice, one that carries authority and intention. In the biblical context, the voice of Jesus is powerful, often associated with creation, command, and life-giving force. This calling is not merely a verbal expression but an authoritative declaration that transcends the natural order, as seen in other instances where Jesus speaks to the elements or to spiritual entities.

Child, get up!
The term "Child" (παιδίον, paidion) is an affectionate address, indicating Jesus' tender care and recognition of the girl's identity. The command "get up" (ἐγείρω, egeiro) is a word often used in the New Testament to denote resurrection or awakening. This command is not just a call to physical awakening but symbolizes spiritual renewal and life. In the broader scriptural context, Jesus' ability to raise the dead is a testament to His divine power and foreshadows His own resurrection, offering hope of eternal life to believers.

Her spirit returned
This phrase signifies the miraculous restoration of life to the girl who had died. In the Greek, the word for "spirit" is "pneuma," which can mean breath, spirit, or life force. This indicates that her life force, which had departed at death, was now restored by the divine power of Jesus. Theologically, this underscores the belief in Jesus' authority over life and death, affirming His divine nature and foreshadowing His own resurrection. Historically, this miracle would have been a profound testament to Jesus' power, as resurrections were rare and seen as a direct act of God.

and at once she got up
The immediacy of her action, "at once," highlights the completeness and instantaneity of the miracle. The Greek word "anistemi" is used here, which means to rise or stand up. This not only indicates her physical ability to stand but also symbolizes a new beginning or restoration. In the cultural context of the time, a girl who had been dead and was now alive would have been a powerful witness to the community, demonstrating the transformative power of Jesus' ministry.

And He directed that she be given something to eat
This practical instruction from Jesus serves multiple purposes. First, it confirms the reality of the miracle; a spirit or ghost would not require food, but a living person would. The act of eating is a sign of life and health. The Greek word "diatasso," meaning to command or direct, shows Jesus' authority and care for the girl's well-being. This also reflects the compassionate nature of Jesus, who attends not only to spiritual needs but also to physical ones. In a broader scriptural context, this act of providing food can be seen as a metaphor for spiritual nourishment, a theme prevalent throughout Jesus' teachings.

Her parents were astounded
The phrase "Her parents were astounded" captures the immediate reaction of the girl's parents upon witnessing the miraculous event. The Greek word used here is "ἐξίστημι" (existēmi), which conveys a sense of being utterly amazed or astonished. This reaction is understandable given the context: their daughter, who was dead, is now alive. In the historical and cultural context of first-century Judea, such a miracle would have been seen as a direct intervention by God, affirming Jesus' divine authority and power over life and death. This moment of astonishment also reflects the broader theme of the Gospel of Luke, which often highlights the wonder and amazement that Jesus' works inspired in those who witnessed them.

but Jesus ordered them
The phrase "but Jesus ordered them" indicates a direct command from Jesus. The Greek word "παραγγέλλω" (parangellō) is used here, which means to command or charge. This word choice underscores Jesus' authority and the seriousness of His instructions. In the context of the narrative, Jesus' command serves to guide the parents' response to the miracle, ensuring that their focus remains on the spiritual significance rather than the sensational aspect of the event. This reflects a consistent theme in Jesus' ministry, where He often sought to direct attention to faith and the Kingdom of God rather than merely the miraculous.

not to tell anyone
The instruction "not to tell anyone" is intriguing and has been the subject of much theological discussion. This command is part of what is often referred to as the "Messianic Secret" in the Gospels, where Jesus frequently instructs those He heals or who witness His miracles to keep silent about them. The Greek word "μηδενὶ" (mēdeni) means "no one" or "nobody," emphasizing the exclusivity of the command. Historically, this could be understood as Jesus' way of controlling the spread of His fame to avoid misunderstandings about His mission and to prevent premature confrontations with religious authorities. It also highlights the importance of personal faith and understanding over public spectacle.

what had happened
The phrase "what had happened" refers to the miraculous raising of the girl from the dead. The Greek word "τὸ γεγονός" (to gegonos) translates to "what had occurred" or "the event." This phrase encapsulates the miracle itself, which is a testament to Jesus' power and authority. In the broader scriptural context, this miracle is a foretaste of the resurrection power that Jesus would ultimately demonstrate through His own resurrection. It serves as a powerful reminder of the hope and new life that Jesus offers to all who believe in Him. Theologically, it points to the transformative power of Christ, who brings life out of death and hope out of despair.