1 Peter 5:8
New International Version
Be alert and of sober mind. Your enemy the devil prowls around like a roaring lion looking for someone to devour.

New Living Translation
Stay alert! Watch out for your great enemy, the devil. He prowls around like a roaring lion, looking for someone to devour.

English Standard Version
Be sober-minded; be watchful. Your adversary the devil prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour.

Berean Standard Bible
Be sober-minded and alert. Your adversary the devil prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour.

Berean Literal Bible
Be sober-minded; watch. Your adversary the devil prowls about as a roaring lion seeking whom to devour,

King James Bible
Be sober, be vigilant; because your adversary the devil, as a roaring lion, walketh about, seeking whom he may devour:

New King James Version
Be sober, be vigilant; because your adversary the devil walks about like a roaring lion, seeking whom he may devour.

New American Standard Bible
Be of sober spirit, be on the alert. Your adversary, the devil, prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour.

NASB 1995
Be of sober spirit, be on the alert. Your adversary, the devil, prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour.

NASB 1977
Be of sober spirit, be on the alert. Your adversary, the devil, prowls about like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour.

Legacy Standard Bible
Be of sober spirit, be watchful. Your adversary, the devil, prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour.

Amplified Bible
Be sober [well balanced and self-disciplined], be alert and cautious at all times. That enemy of yours, the devil, prowls around like a roaring lion [fiercely hungry], seeking someone to devour.

Christian Standard Bible
Be sober-minded, be alert. Your adversary the devil is prowling around like a roaring lion, looking for anyone he can devour.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Be serious! Be alert! Your adversary the Devil is prowling around like a roaring lion, looking for anyone he can devour.

American Standard Version
Be sober, be watchful: your adversary the devil, as a roaring lion, walketh about, seeking whom he may devour,

Contemporary English Version
Be on your guard and stay awake. Your enemy, the devil, is like a roaring lion, sneaking around to find someone to attack.

English Revised Version
Be sober, be watchful: your adversary the devil, as a roaring lion, walketh about, seeking whom he may devour:

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Keep your mind clear, and be alert. Your opponent the devil is prowling around like a roaring lion as he looks for someone to devour.

Good News Translation
Be alert, be on watch! Your enemy, the Devil, roams around like a roaring lion, looking for someone to devour.

International Standard Version
Be clear-minded and alert. Your opponent, the devil, is prowling around like a roaring lion, looking for someone to devour.

Majority Standard Bible
Be sober-minded and alert. Your adversary the devil prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour.

NET Bible
Be sober and alert. Your enemy the devil, like a roaring lion, is on the prowl looking for someone to devour.

New Heart English Bible
Be sober and self-controlled. Be watchful. Your adversary the devil, walks around like a roaring lion, seeking whom he may devour.

Webster's Bible Translation
Be sober, be vigilant; because your adversary the devil, as a roaring lion, walketh about, seeking whom he may devour:

Weymouth New Testament
Curb every passion, and be on the alert. Your great accuser, the Devil, is going about like a roaring lion to see whom he can devour.

World English Bible
Be sober and self-controlled. Be watchful. Your adversary, the devil, walks around like a roaring lion, seeking whom he may devour.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
Be sober, vigilant, because your opponent the Devil walks around as a roaring lion, seeking whom he may swallow up,

Berean Literal Bible
Be sober-minded; watch. Your adversary the devil prowls about as a roaring lion seeking whom to devour,

Young's Literal Translation
Be sober, vigilant, because your opponent the devil, as a roaring lion, doth walk about, seeking whom he may swallow up,

Smith's Literal Translation
Be abstemious, watch; for your adversary the accuser, as a roaring lion, walks around, seeking whom he might swallow down:
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Be sober and watch: because your adversary the devil, as a roaring lion, goeth about seeking whom he may devour.

Catholic Public Domain Version
Be sober and vigilant. For your adversary, the devil, is like a roaring lion, traveling around and seeking those whom he might devour.

New American Bible
Be sober and vigilant. Your opponent the devil is prowling around like a roaring lion looking for [someone] to devour.

New Revised Standard Version
Discipline yourselves, keep alert. Like a roaring lion your adversary the devil prowls around, looking for someone to devour.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Be vigilant, and be cautious; because your adversary, the devil, as a roaring lion, walks about, seeking whom he may devour:

Aramaic Bible in Plain English
Be alert, be reflective, because your enemy Satan roars like a lion and is walking and seeking whom he may devour.
NT Translations
Anderson New Testament
Be sober, be watchful: for your adversary, the devil, like a roaring lion, walks about, seeking whom he may devour.

Godbey New Testament
Be sober, watch. The devil is walking round like a roaring lion, seeking some one to devour:

Haweis New Testament
Be sober, be vigilant; for your adversary the devil, as a roaring lion, prowleth around, seeking whom he may devour:

Mace New Testament
Be temperate, be vigilant: for your adversary the Devil goes about like a roaring lion, seeking whom he may devour.

Weymouth New Testament
Curb every passion, and be on the alert. Your great accuser, the Devil, is going about like a roaring lion to see whom he can devour.

Worrell New Testament
Be sober, be watchful. Your adversary the Devil, as a roaring lion, is going about, seeking whom he may devour;

Worsley New Testament
Be sober, be vigilant; for your adversary the devil, like a roaring lion, walketh about, seeking whom he may devour:

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Cast Your Cares on Him
7Cast all your anxiety on Him, because He cares for you. 8Be sober-minded and alert. Your adversary the devil prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour. 9Resist him, standing firm in your faith and in the knowledge that your brothers throughout the world are undergoing the same kinds of suffering.…

Cross References
James 4:7
Submit yourselves, then, to God. Resist the devil, and he will flee from you.

Ephesians 6:11-12
Put on the full armor of God, so that you can make your stand against the devil’s schemes. / For our struggle is not against flesh and blood, but against the rulers, against the authorities, against the powers of this world’s darkness, and against the spiritual forces of evil in the heavenly realms.

2 Corinthians 11:14
And no wonder, for Satan himself masquerades as an angel of light.

1 John 3:8
The one who practices sin is of the devil, because the devil has been sinning from the very start. This is why the Son of God was revealed, to destroy the works of the devil.

John 10:10
The thief comes only to steal and kill and destroy. I have come that they may have life, and have it in all its fullness.

Matthew 26:41
“Watch and pray so that you will not enter into temptation. For the spirit is willing, but the body is weak.”

Luke 22:31
Simon, Simon, Satan has asked to sift all of you like wheat.

2 Timothy 4:17-18
But the Lord stood by me and strengthened me, so that through me the message would be fully proclaimed, and all the Gentiles would hear it. So I was delivered from the mouth of the lion. / And the Lord will rescue me from every evil action and bring me safely into His heavenly kingdom. To Him be the glory forever and ever. Amen.

Revelation 12:9-10
And the great dragon was hurled down—that ancient serpent called the devil and Satan, the deceiver of the whole world. He was hurled to the earth, and his angels with him. / And I heard a loud voice in heaven saying: “Now have come the salvation and the power and the kingdom of our God, and the authority of His Christ. For the accuser of our brothers has been thrown down—he who accuses them day and night before our God.

1 Thessalonians 5:6
So then, let us not sleep as the others do, but let us remain awake and sober.

2 Corinthians 2:11
in order that Satan should not outwit us. For we are not unaware of his schemes.

Hebrews 2:14
Now since the children have flesh and blood, He too shared in their humanity, so that by His death He might destroy him who holds the power of death, that is, the devil,

Genesis 3:1-5
Now the serpent was more crafty than any beast of the field that the LORD God had made. And he said to the woman, “Did God really say, ‘You must not eat from any tree in the garden?’” / The woman answered the serpent, “We may eat the fruit of the trees of the garden, / but about the fruit of the tree in the middle of the garden, God has said, ‘You must not eat of it or touch it, or you will die.’” ...

Job 1:6-7
One day the sons of God came to present themselves before the LORD, and Satan also came with them. / “Where have you come from?” said the LORD to Satan. “From roaming through the earth,” he replied, “and walking back and forth in it.”

Zechariah 3:1-2
Then the angel showed me Joshua the high priest standing before the angel of the LORD, with Satan standing at his right hand to accuse him. / And the LORD said to Satan: “The LORD rebukes you, Satan! Indeed, the LORD, who has chosen Jerusalem, rebukes you! Is not this man a firebrand snatched from the fire?”


Treasury of Scripture

Be sober, be vigilant; because your adversary the devil, as a roaring lion, walks about, seeking whom he may devour:

sober.

1 Peter 1:13
Wherefore gird up the loins of your mind, be sober, and hope to the end for the grace that is to be brought unto you at the revelation of Jesus Christ;

1 Peter 4:7
But the end of all things is at hand: be ye therefore sober, and watch unto prayer.

Matthew 24:48-50
But and if that evil servant shall say in his heart, My lord delayeth his coming; …

your.

Esther 7:6
And Esther said, The adversary and enemy is this wicked Haman. Then Haman was afraid before the king and the queen.

Job 1:6
Now there was a day when the sons of God came to present themselves before the LORD, and Satan came also among them.

Job 2:2
And the LORD said unto Satan, From whence comest thou? And Satan answered the LORD, and said, From going to and fro in the earth, and from walking up and down in it.

the devil.

Matthew 4:1,11
Then was Jesus led up of the Spirit into the wilderness to be tempted of the devil…

Matthew 13:39
The enemy that sowed them is the devil; the harvest is the end of the world; and the reapers are the angels.

Matthew 25:41
Then shall he say also unto them on the left hand, Depart from me, ye cursed, into everlasting fire, prepared for the devil and his angels:

as.

Judges 14:5
Then went Samson down, and his father and his mother, to Timnath, and came to the vineyards of Timnath: and, behold, a young lion roared against him.

Psalm 104:21
The young lions roar after their prey, and seek their meat from God.

Proverbs 19:12
The king's wrath is as the roaring of a lion; but his favour is as dew upon the grass.

walketh.

Job 1:7
And the LORD said unto Satan, Whence comest thou? Then Satan answered the LORD, and said, From going to and fro in the earth, and from walking up and down in it.

Job 2:2
And the LORD said unto Satan, From whence comest thou? And Satan answered the LORD, and said, From going to and fro in the earth, and from walking up and down in it.

devour.

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Accuser Adversary Alert Curb Devil Devour Enemy Evil Food Goes Great Lion Mouth Open Passion Prowls Roaring Search Seeking Self-Controlled Serious Sober Spirit Vigilant Walketh Walks Watch Watchful
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Accuser Adversary Alert Curb Devil Devour Enemy Evil Food Goes Great Lion Mouth Open Passion Prowls Roaring Search Seeking Self-Controlled Serious Sober Spirit Vigilant Walketh Walks Watch Watchful
1 Peter 5
1. He exhorts the elders to feed their flocks;
5. the younger to obey;
8. and all to be sober, watchful, and constant in the faith;
9. and to resist the cruel adversary the devil.














Be sober-minded
The Greek word for "sober-minded" is "nēphō," which means to be calm, collected in spirit, and free from the influence of intoxicants. In a spiritual sense, it calls for a clear-headedness that is essential for discernment and vigilance. Historically, sobriety was a valued virtue in the early Christian communities, emphasizing the need for believers to remain focused on their faith and not be swayed by the distractions and temptations of the world. This exhortation is a call to maintain spiritual discipline and clarity, ensuring that one's judgment is not clouded by sin or worldly concerns.

and alert
The term "alert" comes from the Greek "grēgoreō," meaning to be watchful or vigilant. This word conveys a sense of readiness and attentiveness, akin to a watchman on duty. In the context of early Christianity, believers were often under threat from both external persecution and internal false teachings. Thus, being alert was crucial for safeguarding the faith and the community. This vigilance is not passive but active, requiring constant awareness of spiritual dangers and a readiness to respond to them with the truth of the Gospel.

Your adversary the devil
The word "adversary" is translated from the Greek "antidikos," which refers to an opponent in a lawsuit, highlighting the devil's role as an accuser. The devil, or "diabolos" in Greek, means slanderer or accuser, reflecting his nature as one who seeks to undermine and destroy the faith of believers. In the biblical narrative, the devil is a real and personal being, opposed to God and His people. This phrase serves as a reminder of the spiritual warfare that Christians face, emphasizing the need for reliance on God's strength and the armor of faith to withstand such attacks.

prowls around like a roaring lion
The imagery of a "roaring lion" is powerful and evocative, drawing from the natural world to illustrate the devil's predatory nature. Lions were well-known in the ancient Near East, and their roar was a symbol of power and intimidation. The phrase "prowls around" suggests stealth and cunning, indicating that the devil is constantly on the move, seeking opportunities to strike. This metaphor serves to alert believers to the reality of spiritual danger and the need for constant vigilance and reliance on God's protection.

seeking someone to devour
The word "seeking" is derived from the Greek "zēteō," meaning to search or strive for. This indicates the devil's relentless pursuit of those he can lead astray or destroy. The term "devour" comes from "katapinō," which means to swallow up or consume completely. This graphic language underscores the seriousness of the threat posed by the devil, who aims to obliterate the faith and testimony of believers. It serves as a sobering reminder of the stakes involved in spiritual warfare and the necessity of standing firm in faith, clothed in the armor of God, and supported by the community of believers.

(8) Be sober, be vigilant.--Single words in the Greek, and in the tense which bespeaks immediate attention. The best text omits the following "because." These are the sudden cries of warning of a shepherd who spies the lion prowling round the flock in the darkness, while the guardians of the flock lie drowsy and secure.

As a roaring lion.--The epithet is not only added to lend terror to the description, but the roaring implies hunger and determination.

Walketh about.--Comp. Job 1:7; Job 2:2. St. Peter, however, is not calling attention to the fact that Satan is always prowling about, but he warns the sleeping shepherds that he is especially doing so now. This season of persecution was just his time for picking off one here and another there.

Seeking whom he may devour.--Perhaps still more expressive to say, "seeking which he may devour." Satan is eyeing all the Christians in turn to see which he has the best chance of, not merely stalking forth vaguely to look for prey.

Verse 8. - Be sober, be vigilant (comp. 1 Thessalonians 5:6). For the first word, νήψατε, see note on 1 Peter 4:7. The second γρηγόρησατε, is the word so often and so emphatically used by our Lord (Mark 13:35, 37; Matthew 26:40, 41, etc.). The imperatives are aorist, as in 1 Peter 4:7; and, as there, either imply that the exhortation was needed by the readers, or are used to express vividly the necessity of instant attention. Because your adversary the devil. The conjunction "because" is omitted in the best manuscripts. The asyndeten, as in the last clause, increases the emphasis. The word rendered "adversary" ἀντίδικος means properly an opponent in a lawsuit, as in Matthew 5:25; but it is also used generally for "adversary," and so is a translation of the Hebrew word Satan. The word διάβολος, devil, means "slanderer," "false accuser." As a roaring lion. He is called a serpent to denote his subtlety, a lion to express his fierceness and strength. The word rendered "roaring" ὠρυόμενος is used especially of the cries of wild beasts when ravenous with hunger (see Psalm 104:21; and comp. Psalm 22:13, 21). Walketh about, seeking whom he may devour (comp. Job 1:7; Job 2:2). The words express the restless energy of the wicked one. He cannot touch those who are kept by the power of God through faith unto salvation; but he walketh about, looking eagerly after any lost sheep that may have wandered from the fold. He roars in the craving of his heart for prey, like a hungry lion, seeking whom he may devour, or (for the reading here is somewhat uncertain) to devour some one, or simply to devour. The Greek word means literally "to drink down;" it implies utter destruction. It is the word in 1 Corinthians 15:54, "Death is swallowed up κατεπόθη in victory." Satan now seeks whom he may destroy: "The Lord will destroy him that hath the power of death, that is, the devil" (Hebrews 2:14).

Parallel Commentaries ...


Greek
Be sober-minded
Νήψατε (Nēpsate)
Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person Plural
Strong's 3525: (lit: I am sober), I am calm (vigilant), circumspect. Of uncertain affinity: to abstain from wine, i.e. be discreet.

[and] alert.
γρηγορήσατε (grēgorēsate)
Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person Plural
Strong's 1127: (a) I am awake (in the night), watch, (b) I am watchful, on the alert, vigilant. From egeiro; to keep awake, i.e. Watch.

Your
ὑμῶν (hymōn)
Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 2nd Person Plural
Strong's 4771: You. The person pronoun of the second person singular; thou.

adversary
ἀντίδικος (antidikos)
Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 476: An opponent (at law), an adversary. From anti and dike; an opponent; specially, Satan.

the
(ho)
Article - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

devil
διάβολος (diabolos)
Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 1228: From diaballo; a traducer; specially, Satan.

prowls around
περιπατεῖ (peripatei)
Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 4043: From peri and pateo; to tread all around, i.e. Walk at large; figuratively, to live, deport oneself, follow.

like
ὡς (hōs)
Adverb
Strong's 5613: Probably adverb of comparative from hos; which how, i.e. In that manner.

a roaring
ὠρυόμενος (ōryomenos)
Verb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 5612: To roar, howl, as a beast. Middle voice of an apparently primary verb; to 'roar'.

lion,
λέων (leōn)
Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 3023: A lion. A primary word; a 'lion'.

seeking
ζητῶν (zētōn)
Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 2212: To seek, search for, desire, require, demand. Of uncertain affinity; to seek; specially, to worship, or to plot.

[someone]
τινα (tina)
Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Singular
Strong's 5101: Who, which, what, why. Probably emphatic of tis; an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what.

to devour.
καταπιεῖν (katapiein)
Verb - Aorist Infinitive Active
Strong's 2666: To drink down, swallow, devour, destroy, consume. From kata and pino; to drink down, i.e. Gulp entire.


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NT Letters: 1 Peter 5:8 Be sober and self-controlled (1 Pet. 1P iP i Pet)
1 Peter 5:7
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