Then Jesus told them a parable
The phrase begins with "Then," indicating a continuation from previous teachings or events. Jesus often used parables, which are simple accounts used to illustrate a moral or spiritual lesson. The Greek word for parable, "parabolē," means a placing beside or comparison. Parables were a common teaching method in Jewish tradition, allowing listeners to engage with profound truths through relatable narratives. Jesus, as the master teacher, used parables to reveal the mysteries of the Kingdom of God to those with open hearts while concealing them from those who were spiritually blind.

about their need to pray
The phrase "their need to pray" underscores the essential nature of prayer in the life of a believer. The Greek word for "need," "dei," implies necessity or obligation. Prayer is not merely a suggestion but a vital component of a Christian's spiritual life. It is the means by which believers communicate with God, express their dependence on Him, and align their will with His. Historically, prayer has been a cornerstone of Jewish and Christian practice, with roots in the Hebrew Scriptures where figures like David and Daniel exemplified lives of devoted prayer.

at all times
The phrase "at all times" translates from the Greek "pantote," meaning always or continually. This emphasizes the importance of persistent and consistent prayer. The early church, as seen in the book of Acts, exemplified this continuous devotion to prayer, gathering regularly to seek God's guidance and strength. The call to pray without ceasing is a reminder that prayer is not confined to specific times or places but is a constant, ongoing dialogue with God, reflecting a life lived in His presence.

and not lose heart
The phrase "and not lose heart" comes from the Greek "enkakein," meaning to become weary or discouraged. Jesus acknowledges the human tendency to grow faint or give up, especially in the face of trials or delayed answers to prayer. This encouragement to persevere in prayer is a recurring theme in Scripture, as seen in the lives of the prophets and apostles who faced immense challenges yet remained steadfast. The historical context of the early church, which endured persecution and hardship, highlights the necessity of maintaining hope and faith through persistent prayer. Jesus assures His followers that God hears and responds to the cries of His people, urging them to remain faithful and trust in His timing and purposes.

In a certain town
This phrase sets the scene for a parable, a teaching tool frequently used by Jesus. The use of "a certain town" suggests a generic location, emphasizing that the lesson of the parable is universal and applicable to all places and times. In the context of first-century Judea, towns were often small, close-knit communities where everyone knew each other, making the actions of individuals, especially those in authority, highly significant.

there was a judge
Judges in ancient Israel were expected to uphold justice according to the Law of Moses. They were seen as representatives of God's justice on earth. However, the judge in this parable is depicted as failing in his duty. The Greek word for judge, "κριτής" (kritēs), implies one who decides or rules, highlighting the authority and responsibility inherent in the role. This sets the stage for understanding the moral and ethical failures of this particular judge.

who neither feared God
The fear of God is a central theme in the Bible, often associated with wisdom and righteousness (Proverbs 9:10). To fear God means to have a deep respect, reverence, and awe for Him, acknowledging His power and authority. The judge's lack of fear indicates a fundamental flaw in his character, as he does not recognize or submit to divine authority. This absence of fear of God suggests a life lived without regard for divine justice or moral accountability.

nor respected men
Respect for others is a key biblical principle, rooted in the understanding that all humans are made in the image of God (Genesis 1:27). The Greek word for respect, "εντρέπομαι" (entrepomai), can also mean to be ashamed or to feel reverence. The judge's lack of respect for people indicates a disregard for human dignity and the social and moral obligations that come with his position. This highlights his self-centeredness and corruption, as he neither honors God nor values the people he is meant to serve.

And there was a widow
The mention of a "widow" is significant in the biblical context. Widows in ancient Israel were often among the most vulnerable members of society, lacking a husband's protection and support. The Greek word for widow, "χήρα" (chēra), emphasizes her status as one who is bereft and in need. The Old Testament frequently commands care for widows, highlighting God's compassion and justice (Exodus 22:22, Deuteronomy 10:18). This widow's presence in the parable underscores her vulnerability and the societal expectation for justice and protection.

in that town
The phrase "in that town" situates the parable in a specific, yet unnamed, location, suggesting a universal application. The town represents any community where justice should be upheld. In the historical context, towns were often governed by local judges who were expected to administer justice fairly. The setting implies that the widow's plight is not unique but a common issue faced by many in similar circumstances.

who kept appealing to him
The phrase "kept appealing" is translated from the Greek "ἤρχετο" (ērcheto), indicating continuous action. This persistence is a key element of the parable, illustrating the widow's determination and faith. Her repeated appeals reflect a deep-seated belief in the possibility of justice, despite her disadvantaged position. This persistence is a model for believers, encouraging them to remain steadfast in prayer and faith, trusting in God's ultimate justice.

Give me justice
The plea "Give me justice" is a cry for righteousness and fairness. The Greek word "ἐκδίκησόν" (ekdikēson) implies a demand for vindication and the righting of wrongs. In the biblical context, justice is a central theme, reflecting God's character and His desire for His people to live in righteousness. The widow's demand highlights the human longing for justice and the assurance that God hears and responds to such cries.

against my adversary
The term "adversary" comes from the Greek "ἀντιδίκου" (antidikou), meaning an opponent in a legal context. This adversary represents any force or person that opposes or oppresses. In a broader spiritual sense, it can symbolize the challenges and injustices believers face in a fallen world. The widow's appeal against her adversary is a reminder of the spiritual battle Christians face and the assurance that God is a righteous judge who will ultimately prevail over all adversaries.

For a while
This phrase indicates a period of time during which the judge in the parable remains unmoved by the widow's pleas. The Greek word used here is "χρόνος" (chronos), which refers to a measurable period. This suggests that the judge's initial resistance was not indefinite, highlighting the persistence required in prayer and faith. In the context of the parable, it serves to emphasize the importance of perseverance in seeking justice or divine intervention, reflecting a broader biblical theme that God’s timing is perfect, even if it requires patience from His followers.

he refused
The Greek word "ἠθέλησεν" (ethelēsen) is used here, meaning "he was unwilling" or "he did not want to." This reflects the judge's initial hard-heartedness and lack of compassion, which is contrary to the character of God. In the cultural and historical context of the time, judges were expected to be just and fair, yet this judge's refusal underscores his moral failing. This contrast serves to highlight God's righteousness and willingness to respond to His people's cries, unlike the unjust judge.

but later
The phrase "μετὰ ταῦτα" (meta tauta) translates to "after these things" or "afterward." It marks a turning point in the narrative, indicating a change in the judge's attitude. This shift is crucial in the parable, as it demonstrates that even the most obstinate can be moved by persistence. It serves as an encouragement to believers that persistence in prayer can lead to change, even when circumstances seem unyielding.

he said to himself
The Greek phrase "εἶπεν ἐν ἑαυτῷ" (eipen en heautō) means "he said within himself" or "he thought to himself." This introspective moment reveals the internal reasoning of the judge. In biblical literature, such self-reflection often precedes a significant decision or change of heart. It underscores the internal struggle between self-interest and justice, a theme that resonates with the human condition and the call to align one's actions with divine principles.

yet because this widow keeps pestering me
The phrase "yet because this widow keeps pestering me" highlights the persistence of the widow. In the Greek, the word translated as "pestering" is "παρέχω" (parecho), which can mean to cause trouble or to continually present oneself. This reflects the widow's relentless pursuit of justice, a theme that resonates with the biblical principle of perseverance in prayer. Historically, widows in ancient Israel were often vulnerable and without a male protector, making their appeals for justice even more poignant. The widow's persistence is a powerful illustration of faith and determination, encouraging believers to persist in their prayers and petitions to God, trusting in His ultimate justice and mercy.

I will give her justice
The phrase "I will give her justice" is central to the parable's message. The Greek word for "justice" is "ἐκδίκησις" (ekdikēsis), which implies vindication or retribution. In the context of the parable, the unjust judge's decision to grant justice is not out of righteousness but rather to relieve himself of the widow's persistence. This contrasts with God's nature, who is inherently just and compassionate. The historical context of judges in ancient times often being corrupt or indifferent adds depth to the parable, emphasizing that if even an unjust judge can be moved to act, how much more will a righteous and loving God respond to His children's cries for justice.

Then she will stop wearing me out
The phrase "Then she will stop wearing me out" uses the Greek word "ὑπωπιάζω" (hypōpiazō), which literally means to give someone a black eye or to wear someone down. This vivid imagery underscores the judge's motivation to act not out of justice but to avoid personal inconvenience. The persistence of the widow serves as a metaphor for the believer's need to be steadfast in prayer. It is a reminder that while human systems may fail, God's justice is sure and His timing perfect. The historical context of the parable, where persistence was often necessary to achieve justice, serves as an encouragement for believers to remain faithful and persistent in their spiritual lives.

with her perpetual requests
The phrase "with her perpetual requests" emphasizes the continuous nature of the widow's appeals. The Greek word "αἰτήματα" (aitēmata) refers to requests or demands, highlighting the widow's unwavering determination. This persistence is a key theme in the parable, illustrating the power of continual prayer and faith. In the broader scriptural context, this aligns with teachings on prayer found throughout the Bible, such as in 1 Thessalonians 5:17, which encourages believers to "pray without ceasing." The widow's example serves as an inspiration for Christians to remain steadfast in their faith, trusting that God hears and will respond to their prayers in His perfect timing.

And the Lord said
This phrase introduces the authoritative voice of Jesus, who is often referred to as "the Lord" in the New Testament. The Greek word for "Lord" is "Kyrios," which denotes authority and divinity. In the context of Luke 18, Jesus is speaking to His disciples, imparting wisdom and teaching them about the nature of God’s justice and mercy. The use of "the Lord" emphasizes His role as the ultimate teacher and judge, whose words carry divine weight and truth.

Listen to what
The command to "listen" is a call to pay attention and heed the message being delivered. In Greek, the word "akouo" is used, which means to hear or to understand. This is not merely a passive hearing but an active engagement with the message. Jesus is urging His audience to not only hear His words but to internalize and comprehend the deeper spiritual truths He is about to reveal.

the unjust judge
The "unjust judge" is a central figure in the parable preceding this verse. The Greek word for "unjust" is "adikia," which means unrighteous or wicked. This judge is characterized by his lack of fear of God and disregard for people, representing the antithesis of divine justice. Historically, judges were expected to uphold justice and righteousness, but this judge fails in his duty, highlighting the contrast between human and divine justice.

says
The word "says" here is translated from the Greek "lego," which means to speak or to declare. In the context of the parable, the unjust judge eventually grants justice to the persistent widow, not out of righteousness, but to avoid being bothered. This serves as a rhetorical device to illustrate a greater truth: if even an unjust judge can be moved to act, how much more will a just and loving God respond to the persistent prayers of His people? This encourages believers to trust in God’s perfect justice and timing.

Will not God
This phrase begins with a rhetorical question, emphasizing the certainty of God's action. The Greek word for "God" here is "Theos," which denotes the supreme deity, the Creator, and Sustainer of the universe. In the context of the Gospel of Luke, God is portrayed as a just and compassionate Father. This phrase reassures believers of God's active involvement in the world and His unwavering commitment to righteousness.

bring about justice
The Greek word for "justice" is "ekdikēsis," which implies vindication or retribution. In the biblical context, justice is not merely about legal fairness but about restoring divine order. This phrase assures believers that God will ultimately set things right, reflecting His holy nature and His covenantal promises to His people. It is a reminder of the eschatological hope that God will rectify all wrongs.

for His elect
The term "elect" comes from the Greek "eklektos," meaning chosen or selected. In the New Testament, it refers to those whom God has chosen for salvation and service. This phrase underscores the special relationship between God and His people, highlighting the assurance that God will act on behalf of those He has called. It reflects the doctrine of divine election, emphasizing God's sovereignty and grace.

who cry out to Him
The Greek verb "boáō" is used here, meaning to call out or shout. This phrase captures the intensity and persistence of the prayers of the faithful. It reflects the biblical theme of persistent prayer, as seen in the parable of the persistent widow earlier in Luke 18. It encourages believers to maintain a fervent prayer life, trusting that God hears and responds to their cries.

day and night
This phrase indicates continual and unceasing prayer. It reflects the Jewish practice of praying at set times throughout the day and night, as well as the broader biblical principle of praying without ceasing (1 Thessalonians 5:17). It emphasizes the importance of perseverance in prayer and the assurance that God is always attentive to the needs of His people.

Will He continue to defer their help?
The Greek word for "defer" is "makrothumeō," which means to be patient or to delay. This rhetorical question implies that God will not indefinitely postpone His response. It reassures believers that God's timing, though sometimes mysterious, is perfect and that He will act decisively at the right moment. This phrase encourages trust in God's wisdom and timing, affirming that He will not abandon His people in their time of need.

I tell you
This phrase underscores the authority and certainty of Jesus' words. In the Greek, "λέγω ὑμῖν" (legō hymin) is a direct address, emphasizing the importance of the message. Jesus often uses this phrase to introduce a significant truth or teaching, indicating that what follows is of utmost importance and should be heeded by His listeners.

He will promptly carry out justice
The Greek word for "promptly" is "ἐν τάχει" (en tachei), which can also mean "quickly" or "soon." This suggests not only the swiftness of God's response but also His eagerness to bring about justice. The context here is the parable of the persistent widow, illustrating God's readiness to respond to the cries of His people. The assurance of divine justice is a recurring theme in Scripture, reflecting God's righteous character and His commitment to uphold truth and righteousness.

Nevertheless
This transitional word introduces a contrast or a shift in focus. In Greek, "πλὴν" (plēn) serves to pivot the discussion from the certainty of God's justice to a more introspective question about human faith. It signals a move from divine action to human responsibility, urging the listener to consider their own spiritual state.

when the Son of Man comes
The title "Son of Man" is a messianic term that Jesus frequently uses for Himself, drawing from Daniel 7:13-14, where the "Son of Man" is depicted as a heavenly figure with authority and dominion. The phrase "when the Son of Man comes" refers to the second coming of Christ, a future event anticipated by believers. This eschatological context invites reflection on the readiness and faithfulness of the church in anticipation of Christ's return.

will He find faith on earth?
The Greek word for "faith" is "πίστιν" (pistin), which encompasses trust, belief, and faithfulness. This rhetorical question challenges the reader to self-examination. It implies a concern for the spiritual state of humanity at the time of Christ's return. The question is not just about belief in God but about a living, active faith that perseveres amidst trials and challenges. Historically, this has been a call to vigilance and steadfastness in the Christian life, encouraging believers to remain faithful and committed to their walk with God despite the pressures and distractions of the world.

To some
This phrase indicates that Jesus is addressing a specific audience. The Greek word used here, "τινας" (tinas), suggests a particular group rather than a general audience. Historically, Jesus often spoke directly to the Pharisees and religious leaders, who were known for their self-righteous attitudes. This sets the stage for a teaching moment aimed at those who were confident in their own moral standing.

who trusted
The Greek word "πεποιθότας" (pepoithotas) implies a deep-seated confidence or reliance. In the context of this verse, it refers to a misplaced trust in one's own ability to achieve righteousness. This is a critical point in Christian theology, emphasizing that salvation and righteousness come through faith in Christ, not through human effort or adherence to the law.

in their own righteousness
The concept of "δικαιοσύνη" (dikaiosyne) in Greek refers to a state of moral purity or correctness. The phrase highlights a self-reliant attitude, where individuals believe their actions and adherence to the law make them righteous. This is contrasted with the Christian teaching that true righteousness is imputed by God through faith in Jesus Christ, not earned by human deeds.

and viewed others with contempt
The Greek word "ἐξουθενοῦντας" (exouthenountas) means to despise or treat with scorn. This attitude of superiority and disdain for others is a direct result of self-righteousness. It reflects a lack of humility and love, which are central to Christian ethics. Jesus often rebuked such attitudes, teaching that all people are equal before God and deserving of love and respect.

He also told this parable
The use of parables was a common teaching method employed by Jesus. The Greek word "παραβολή" (parabole) means a comparison or illustration. Parables were used to convey deep spiritual truths in a relatable way. In this context, the parable that follows is intended to challenge the self-righteous and to illustrate the true nature of humility and repentance before God.

Two men
This phrase introduces the parable with a simple yet profound contrast. The number "two" often signifies a comparison or a choice in biblical literature. In this context, it sets the stage for a moral and spiritual lesson. The Greek word for "men" (ἄνθρωποι, anthrōpoi) is generic, emphasizing that the lesson applies universally to all humanity, regardless of status or background.

went up
The act of going up is significant, as it indicates a physical and spiritual ascent. In Jewish tradition, going up to the temple in Jerusalem was not only a geographical movement but also a spiritual journey. The temple was situated on a hill, symbolizing closeness to God. This ascent represents the men's intention to seek divine presence and favor.

to the temple
The temple in Jerusalem was the center of Jewish worship and the dwelling place of God's presence. It was a place of sacrifice, prayer, and atonement. The Greek word used here, "ἱερόν" (hieron), refers to the sacred precincts, highlighting the holiness and reverence associated with this location. The temple serves as the backdrop for the parable, underscoring the theme of true worship and humility before God.

to pray
Prayer is a central theme in this passage, representing communication with God. The Greek word "προσεύχομαι" (proseuchomai) implies a devotion and earnestness in seeking God's attention. This act of prayer is not merely ritualistic but is intended to be a sincere expression of the heart. The parable challenges the reader to consider the nature and attitude of their own prayers.

one a Pharisee
The Pharisees were a religious group known for their strict adherence to the Law and traditions. The mention of a Pharisee immediately evokes an image of religious piety and self-righteousness. Historically, Pharisees were respected for their knowledge and observance of the Law, but Jesus often criticized them for their hypocrisy and pride. This sets up a contrast between outward religiosity and inward humility.

and the other a tax collector
Tax collectors were despised in Jewish society for their collaboration with the Roman occupiers and their reputation for extortion. The Greek term "τελώνης" (telōnēs) carries a negative connotation, representing sinfulness and social ostracism. By including a tax collector, Jesus challenges societal norms and expectations, highlighting God's grace and mercy towards the repentant sinner. This contrast with the Pharisee underscores the theme of humility and repentance.

The Pharisee
The Pharisees were a prominent religious group in first-century Judaism known for their strict adherence to the Law of Moses and the oral traditions. The Greek word for Pharisee, "Pharisaios," is derived from a Hebrew root meaning "separated." This separation was both physical and spiritual, as they sought to maintain purity by distancing themselves from anything considered unclean. Historically, the Pharisees were influential in the synagogues and often clashed with Jesus over interpretations of the law and issues of the heart. In this context, the Pharisee represents a self-righteous attitude, relying on external observance rather than internal transformation.

stood by himself
The phrase "stood by himself" suggests a physical and spiritual posture of separation and self-reliance. The Greek word "histemi" means to stand, and it implies a deliberate positioning. This action reflects the Pharisee's desire to be seen as distinct and superior, not only from the tax collector but from the common people. It highlights a heart posture that is more concerned with self-exaltation than with humility before God. This separation is symbolic of the Pharisee's spiritual isolation, as he relies on his own righteousness rather than seeking God's grace.

prayed
Prayer, in its essence, is communication with God. The Greek word "proseuchomai" is used here, which means to offer prayers or supplications. However, the Pharisee's prayer is not a genuine conversation with God but rather a self-congratulatory monologue. This misuse of prayer as a platform for self-promotion rather than humble petition reveals a misunderstanding of its purpose. True prayer is an act of worship and submission, acknowledging God's sovereignty and our dependence on Him.

God, I thank You
The Pharisee begins his prayer with a statement of thanksgiving, which is typically a commendable practice. However, the Greek word "eucharisteo," meaning to give thanks, is here used ironically. The Pharisee's gratitude is not for God's grace or mercy but for his own perceived superiority. This reflects a heart that is not truly thankful, as genuine gratitude recognizes God's unmerited favor rather than personal merit. The Pharisee's thanksgiving is self-centered, lacking the humility that should accompany true worship.

that I am not like other men
This phrase reveals the Pharisee's self-righteousness and judgmental attitude. The Greek word "hosper" means "just as" or "like," indicating a comparison. The Pharisee's prayer is not about seeking God's will or expressing love for others but about elevating himself above them. This comparison is antithetical to the teachings of Jesus, who emphasized humility and love for one's neighbor. The Pharisee's attitude reflects a heart that is more concerned with self-justification than with God's righteousness.

swindlers, evildoers, adulterers
The Pharisee lists specific sins to highlight his perceived moral superiority. The Greek words "harpax" (swindlers), "adikos" (evildoers), and "moichos" (adulterers) describe behaviors that are indeed contrary to God's law. However, by focusing on the sins of others, the Pharisee fails to recognize his own need for repentance. This enumeration of sins serves to bolster his self-image rather than to seek God's mercy. It underscores a legalistic mindset that values external compliance over internal transformation.

or even like this tax collector
The mention of the tax collector, "telones" in Greek, is significant. Tax collectors were despised in Jewish society for their collaboration with the Roman occupiers and their reputation for extortion. By comparing himself to the tax collector, the Pharisee seeks to further elevate his own status. However, Jesus uses this comparison to illustrate the contrast between self-righteousness and true repentance. The tax collector, despite his social standing, is the one who approaches God with humility and receives justification. This highlights the biblical principle that God exalts the humble and resists the proud.

I fast twice a week
This phrase is spoken by the Pharisee in Jesus' parable, highlighting his self-righteousness. The practice of fasting twice a week was common among devout Jews during the Second Temple period, typically on Mondays and Thursdays. The Greek word for "fast" is "νηστεύω" (nēsteuō), which means to abstain from food for religious reasons. Fasting was intended as an act of humility and devotion, yet here it is used to boast of personal piety. Historically, fasting was a means to seek God's favor or guidance, but the Pharisee's approach reflects a legalistic mindset, focusing on outward rituals rather than inward transformation.

I give a tenth of all that I acquire
The act of tithing, or giving a tenth, is rooted in the Old Testament law, where the Hebrew word "מַעֲשֵׂר" (ma'aser) refers to the practice of giving a tenth of one's produce or earnings to support the Levites and the temple (Leviticus 27:30-32). The Pharisee's declaration of tithing "all that I acquire" suggests meticulous adherence to the law, extending even to the smallest of possessions. However, Jesus' teaching often emphasized the spirit of the law over the letter, urging believers to focus on justice, mercy, and faithfulness (Matthew 23:23). The Pharisee's emphasis on tithing highlights a superficial righteousness, contrasting with the humble, repentant heart God desires.

But the tax collector
The phrase introduces a character who, in the context of first-century Judea, was often despised and considered a sinner. Tax collectors were Jews who collected taxes for the Roman occupiers, often seen as traitors and extortionists. The Greek word for "tax collector" is "τελώνης" (telōnēs), which highlights the societal disdain for these individuals. This sets the stage for a powerful contrast with the Pharisee in the preceding verse, emphasizing humility and repentance over self-righteousness.

stood at a distance
This phrase indicates the tax collector's awareness of his unworthiness and his humility before God. The Greek word "μακρόθεν" (makrothen) suggests a physical and spiritual separation, symbolizing his recognition of sin and the barrier it creates between him and God. This posture of humility is crucial in understanding the heart attitude that God desires.

would not even look up to heaven
The act of not looking up signifies deep shame and contrition. In Jewish culture, looking up to heaven was a common posture of prayer, symbolizing openness and communion with God. The tax collector's refusal to do so underscores his profound sense of unworthiness and repentance. This humility is a stark contrast to the Pharisee's prideful demeanor.

but beat his breast
This action is a physical manifestation of the tax collector's inner turmoil and repentance. In the cultural context, beating one's breast was a sign of extreme sorrow and contrition, often associated with mourning. The Greek word "τύπτω" (typtō) conveys a sense of repeated action, indicating the depth of his remorse. This gesture highlights the sincerity of his repentance.

and said, 'God, have mercy on me, a sinner!'
The plea for mercy is central to the tax collector's prayer. The Greek word "ἱλάσθητί" (hilastheti) is a plea for atonement and propitiation, acknowledging his need for God's grace. By identifying himself as "a sinner," the tax collector confesses his sinfulness and dependence on God's mercy. This confession aligns with the biblical principle that true repentance involves recognizing one's sin and turning to God for forgiveness. The simplicity and sincerity of his prayer contrast with the Pharisee's self-righteousness, illustrating the heart attitude that God honors.

I tell you
This phrase is a direct assertion from Jesus, emphasizing the authority and certainty of His teaching. In the Greek, "λέγω ὑμῖν" (legō hymin) is used, which is a common expression in the Gospels where Jesus imparts a significant truth. It underscores the importance of the message that follows, inviting the listener to pay close attention to the divine wisdom being imparted.

this man, rather than the other
Here, Jesus contrasts the two individuals in the parable: the tax collector and the Pharisee. The tax collector, despised in Jewish society for his association with Roman oppressors and perceived corruption, is unexpectedly the one justified. This reversal challenges societal norms and religious expectations, highlighting God's grace and the value of genuine repentance over self-righteousness.

went home justified before God
The term "justified" (Greek: "δεδικαιωμένος," dedikaiōmenos) is a legal term meaning to be declared righteous. In the context of first-century Judaism, justification was a key concept, often associated with adherence to the Law. However, Jesus redefines it here, showing that it is not through works or status but through humility and repentance that one is made right with God. This aligns with the broader biblical narrative of salvation by grace through faith.

For everyone who exalts himself will be humbled
This principle is a recurring theme in Jesus' teachings, reflecting the upside-down nature of God's kingdom. The Greek word for "exalts" (ὑψῶν, hypsōn) implies lifting oneself up in pride. Historically, the Pharisees were known for their strict adherence to the Law and often displayed a sense of superiority. Jesus warns that such pride leads to divine humbling, a theme echoed throughout Scripture (e.g., Proverbs 16:18).

but the one who humbles himself will be exalted
The Greek word for "humbles" (ταπεινῶν, tapeinōn) suggests a voluntary lowering of oneself, an attitude of meekness and submission. In the biblical context, humility is not weakness but strength under control, a recognition of one's need for God's mercy. The promise of exaltation is a future hope, pointing to the eschatological reversal where God will lift the humble to honor, as seen in the Beatitudes (Matthew 5:3-12).

Now they were bringing
The phrase indicates an ongoing action, suggesting that many people were continuously bringing their children to Jesus. The Greek verb "προσέφερον" (prosepheron) implies a sense of offering or presenting, which reflects the parents' desire to present their children to Jesus, acknowledging His authority and blessing. This act of bringing children to Jesus is a demonstration of faith and trust in His divine power and compassion.

even their infants
The use of "infants" (Greek: "βρέφη," brephē) highlights the age and vulnerability of those being brought to Jesus. In the cultural context of the time, infants were considered the least significant members of society, yet the parents' actions underscore the belief that Jesus' blessing was essential for all, regardless of age or societal status. This reflects the inclusive nature of Jesus' ministry and His openness to all who come to Him.

to Jesus
The centrality of Jesus in this passage is crucial. The parents' actions demonstrate their recognition of Jesus as a source of divine blessing and protection. In the broader scriptural context, Jesus is often portrayed as the Good Shepherd, caring for His flock, which includes the youngest and most vulnerable. This act of bringing infants to Jesus symbolizes the desire for divine intervention and guidance in their lives from the very beginning.

for Him to touch them
The act of touching in the biblical context often signifies blessing, healing, and impartation of divine favor. The Greek word "ἅπτηται" (haptētai) conveys a physical connection that is both personal and powerful. In the historical context, a touch from a rabbi or holy man was considered a conduit for spiritual blessing. Here, the parents seek Jesus' touch as a means of invoking His divine grace upon their children.

But when the disciples saw this
The disciples' reaction is noteworthy. Their response reflects a misunderstanding of Jesus' mission and the nature of His kingdom. The Greek word "ἰδόντες" (idontes) indicates a perception or awareness that leads to action. The disciples, perhaps concerned with order or Jesus' time, fail to grasp the significance of welcoming all, especially the least, into the kingdom of God.

they rebuked them
The disciples' rebuke (Greek: "ἐπετίμησαν," epetimēsan) is a strong word indicating a stern warning or disapproval. This reaction contrasts sharply with Jesus' welcoming nature and serves as a teaching moment. Historically, this reflects the societal norms where children were often marginalized. However, Jesus' later response (in the following verses) emphasizes the value of childlike faith and the importance of welcoming all into His presence.

But Jesus called the children to Him
In this phrase, we see the intentionality of Jesus. The Greek word for "called" is "προσκαλέω" (proskaleō), which implies a deliberate invitation. Jesus is actively reaching out to the children, demonstrating His desire to include them in His ministry. This action challenges the cultural norms of the time, where children were often seen as insignificant. Jesus' call is a profound statement of their value in the eyes of God.

and said, 'Let the little children come to Me
The phrase "Let the little children come" uses the Greek word "ἄφετε" (aphete), meaning "permit" or "allow." This is a command to remove any barriers preventing children from approaching Him. In the historical context, children were not typically the focus of religious teaching, yet Jesus elevates their status, emphasizing their importance in the spiritual community. This reflects the inclusive nature of the Gospel, where all are welcome.

and do not hinder them!
"Hinder" comes from the Greek "κωλύω" (kōlyō), meaning to prevent or restrain. Jesus is instructing His disciples and followers to remove obstacles that might prevent children from accessing Him. This can be seen as a broader metaphor for removing barriers to faith and spiritual growth. Historically, this directive would have been counter-cultural, as children were not prioritized in religious settings. Jesus' words here are a call to action for believers to facilitate, rather than obstruct, the spiritual journey of others.

For the kingdom of God belongs to such as these
The phrase "the kingdom of God belongs" uses the Greek "ἐστίν" (estin), meaning "is" or "exists." This indicates a present reality, not just a future promise. The kingdom of God is accessible to those who possess childlike qualities such as humility, trust, and openness. In the scriptural context, Jesus often used children as examples of the ideal disposition for receiving God's kingdom. This statement is a radical redefinition of who is considered worthy in God's eyes, emphasizing that status, age, or knowledge are not prerequisites for entering the kingdom. It is a call to embrace a posture of dependence and faith, much like that of a child.

Truly I tell you
This phrase is a solemn declaration by Jesus, emphasizing the importance and truth of what He is about to say. The Greek word for "truly" is "ἀμήν" (amēn), which is often used to affirm the certainty and reliability of a statement. In the context of Jesus' teachings, it underscores His authority and the divine truth of His words. Historically, this phrase would capture the attention of His listeners, indicating that a profound truth is being revealed.

anyone who does not receive
The word "receive" in Greek is "δέχομαι" (dechomai), which implies a welcoming or accepting attitude. It suggests an openness and readiness to embrace something offered. In the context of the kingdom of God, it highlights the necessity of an open heart and a willing spirit to accept God's reign and rule. This phrase challenges the listener to consider their own receptivity to divine truths and the transformative power of God's kingdom.

the kingdom of God
The "kingdom of God" is a central theme in Jesus' teachings, representing God's sovereign rule and the realm where His will is fulfilled. It is both a present reality and a future hope. Theologically, it encompasses the spiritual reign of God in the hearts of believers and the ultimate establishment of His rule over all creation. Understanding this concept requires recognizing the kingdom as both a gift to be received and a reality to be lived out in faith and obedience.

like a little child
The imagery of a "little child" is powerful, evoking qualities such as innocence, trust, humility, and dependence. In the Greek, "παιδίον" (paidion) refers to a young child, emphasizing simplicity and purity of heart. This phrase calls believers to adopt a childlike posture in their relationship with God, characterized by trust and reliance on Him. Historically, children in Jesus' time were seen as having little status, yet Jesus elevates their example as the ideal for entering the kingdom.

will never enter it
The phrase "will never enter" is a strong warning, using the Greek "οὐ μή" (ou mē), which is an emphatic negation. It underscores the impossibility of entering the kingdom without the requisite childlike qualities. This serves as a sobering reminder of the necessity of humility and faith in approaching God. Theologically, it challenges believers to examine their hearts and attitudes, ensuring they align with the values of the kingdom.

A certain ruler
The phrase "a certain ruler" introduces us to a specific individual, a person of authority and influence within the community. The Greek word used here is "ἄρχων" (archon), which denotes someone who holds a position of power, possibly a leader in the synagogue or a member of the local council. This ruler's approach to Jesus signifies the recognition of Jesus' authority and wisdom, even by those in high positions. Historically, rulers were often seen as custodians of the law and tradition, making this encounter significant as it highlights the ruler's quest for spiritual truth beyond his societal status.

asked Him
The act of asking indicates a genuine inquiry or search for understanding. The Greek word "ἐπηρώτησεν" (eperōtēsen) suggests a formal or earnest question, reflecting the ruler's respect for Jesus and his desire for a meaningful answer. This interaction is a reminder of the importance of seeking wisdom and guidance from those who are spiritually enlightened, as well as the humility required to ask questions, regardless of one's own status or knowledge.

Good Teacher
The ruler addresses Jesus as "Good Teacher," which is significant in both its respect and theological implications. The Greek word "διδάσκαλε" (didaskale) means teacher, but the addition of "good" (ἀγαθός, agathos) elevates Jesus' status beyond that of a mere instructor. In Jewish tradition, goodness is an attribute of God, and by calling Jesus "good," the ruler inadvertently acknowledges a divine quality in Him. This salutation sets the stage for Jesus' response, which challenges the ruler's understanding of goodness and its source.

what must I do
This phrase reflects the ruler's concern with action and personal responsibility in achieving eternal life. The Greek "ποιήσας" (poiēsas) implies a focus on deeds or works. This question is central to the human condition, as it addresses the universal quest for purpose and salvation. It also reveals a common misconception that eternal life can be earned through human effort alone, a theme that Jesus will address in His response.

to inherit eternal life?
The concept of "inheriting eternal life" is deeply rooted in Jewish eschatological hope. The Greek word "κληρονομήσω" (klēronomēsō) means to inherit, suggesting a gift or legacy rather than something earned. Eternal life, "ζωὴν αἰώνιον" (zōēn aiōnion), is a life that transcends the temporal, a life in communion with God. This question encapsulates the ruler's desire for assurance of his place in the world to come, a desire that resonates with all who seek a relationship with the divine. Jesus' forthcoming dialogue will illuminate the true path to this inheritance, emphasizing faith and the heart's posture over mere adherence to the law.

Why do you call Me good?
In this phrase, Jesus addresses the rich young ruler who approached Him with a question about eternal life. The Greek word for "good" here is "ἀγαθός" (agathos), which implies intrinsic goodness or moral excellence. Jesus challenges the young man's understanding of goodness, prompting him to reflect on the nature of true goodness. In a historical context, rabbis were often called "good," but Jesus redirects this title to God alone, emphasizing the divine standard of goodness.

No one is good
This statement underscores the doctrine of human depravity, a key tenet in conservative Christian theology. The Greek word "οὐδείς" (oudeis) means "no one" or "none," indicating the universality of sin. This aligns with Romans 3:23, which states, "for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God." Jesus is not denying His own goodness but is pointing to the fact that, apart from God, no human can claim true moral perfection.

except God alone
Here, Jesus affirms the unique holiness and perfection of God. The Greek word "εἰ μή" (ei mē) translates to "except" or "if not," highlighting the exclusivity of God's goodness. This phrase serves as a theological anchor, reminding believers that all goodness originates from God. Historically, this would resonate with Jewish monotheism, which holds that God is the ultimate source of all that is good and righteous. Jesus subtly points to His divine nature, as He shares in this intrinsic goodness, being one with the Father.

You know the commandments
This phrase indicates a familiarity with the Mosaic Law, which was central to Jewish life and religious practice. The Greek word for "know" here is "οἶδα" (oida), suggesting not just awareness but an intimate understanding. Jesus is speaking to the rich young ruler, reminding him of the moral and ethical standards that have been divinely instituted. This serves as a foundation for the conversation about eternal life, emphasizing that the commandments are not just rules but a reflection of God's holy character.

Do not commit adultery
The commandment against adultery is rooted in the sanctity of marriage, a covenant relationship established by God. The Greek word "μοιχεύω" (moicheuō) is used here, which directly translates to committing adultery. This commandment underscores the importance of faithfulness and purity, reflecting God's own faithfulness to His people. In a broader sense, it calls believers to live lives of integrity and loyalty, both in their relationships and in their spiritual walk with God.

Do not murder
The prohibition against murder, "φονεύω" (phoneuō) in Greek, highlights the value of human life, created in the image of God. This commandment is a call to respect and preserve life, recognizing that each person is precious to God. Historically, this commandment has been foundational in shaping societies that value justice and the protection of the innocent. It also points to the deeper issue of anger and hatred in the heart, which Jesus addresses in the Sermon on the Mount.

Do not steal
The commandment against stealing, "κλέπτω" (kleptō) in Greek, emphasizes respect for others' property and rights. It calls for honesty and integrity in all dealings, reflecting God's justice and righteousness. This commandment is a reminder that God is the ultimate provider, and we are to trust Him for our needs rather than taking what is not ours. It also encourages a spirit of generosity and contentment, recognizing that all we have is a gift from God.

Do not bear false witness
Bearing false witness, "ψευδομαρτυρέω" (pseudomartyreō) in Greek, is a violation of truth and justice. This commandment underscores the importance of honesty and integrity in our words, as they have the power to harm or heal. In a legal context, it protects the innocent and upholds justice. Spiritually, it calls believers to reflect God's truthfulness in their lives, avoiding deceit and promoting truth in all interactions.

Honor your father and mother
The command to honor one's parents, "τίμα" (timaō) in Greek, is foundational for family and societal stability. It reflects the importance of respect and gratitude towards those who have nurtured and guided us. This commandment is unique in that it comes with a promise of blessing and long life (Exodus 20:12). It serves as a reminder of the importance of family relationships and the role they play in shaping character and faith.

All these
This phrase refers to the commandments that the rich young ruler claims to have kept. In the context of Luke 18, "all these" points back to the moral laws that Jesus enumerated in the previous verse, which include prohibitions against adultery, murder, theft, false testimony, and honoring one's parents. The Greek word for "all" is "πάντα" (panta), which emphasizes completeness or entirety. This suggests that the young man believes he has fully adhered to the moral expectations of the Law. Historically, this reflects the Jewish understanding of righteousness as adherence to the Law, which was seen as a path to life and blessing.

I have kept
The Greek word for "kept" is "ἐφυλαξάμην" (ephylaxamen), which implies guarding or observing something with care. This indicates the young man's earnestness and diligence in following the commandments. From a scriptural perspective, this claim of having kept the commandments is significant because it reveals his understanding of righteousness as a matter of external compliance rather than internal transformation. It also sets the stage for Jesus to challenge him on the deeper issues of the heart.

since my youth
This phrase highlights the young man's lifelong commitment to following the commandments. The Greek word for "youth" is "νεότητος" (neotetos), which refers to the period of life from childhood to early adulthood. In Jewish culture, this was a time when a young person would be taught the Law and expected to begin living according to its precepts. The historical context here is important, as Jewish boys were trained in the Torah from a young age, and reaching the age of accountability (around 13 years old) marked a significant transition in their religious responsibilities. This claim underscores the young man's belief in his moral integrity and dedication to the Law from an early age.

When Jesus heard this, He said to him
This phrase sets the stage for a pivotal moment in the interaction between Jesus and the rich young ruler. The Greek word for "heard" (ἀκούσας, akousas) implies not just the act of hearing but understanding and perceiving the heart behind the words. Jesus, in His divine wisdom, perceives the young man's sincerity and the struggle within his heart. This moment is a reminder of Jesus' omniscience and His ability to see beyond our words to the intentions and desires of our hearts.

You still lack one thing
The phrase "lack one thing" is crucial. The Greek word for "lack" (λείπεις, leipeis) suggests a deficiency or shortcoming. Despite the young man's adherence to the commandments, Jesus identifies a deeper issue—a spiritual void that material wealth cannot fill. This highlights the insufficiency of external compliance without internal transformation. It serves as a call to examine our own lives for areas where we may be spiritually lacking, despite outward appearances of righteousness.

Sell everything you own
The directive to "sell everything" is radical and counter-cultural, both in the ancient world and today. The Greek word for "sell" (πώλησον, pōlēson) indicates a complete divestment of possessions. This command challenges the young man—and us—to consider the hold that material wealth has on our hearts. Historically, wealth was often seen as a sign of God's favor, yet Jesus turns this notion on its head, emphasizing the need for total reliance on God rather than earthly riches.

and give to the poor
The instruction to "give to the poor" underscores the biblical principle of charity and justice. The Greek word for "give" (δώσον, dōson) implies a generous and willing act. This act of giving is not just about alleviating poverty but about cultivating a heart of compassion and selflessness. It reflects the scriptural mandate to care for the marginalized and to use our resources to bless others, aligning with the teachings found throughout both the Old and New Testaments.

and you will have treasure in heaven
The promise of "treasure in heaven" contrasts sharply with earthly wealth. The Greek word for "treasure" (θησαυρὸν, thēsauron) suggests something of great value and eternal significance. This phrase invites believers to shift their focus from temporal gains to eternal rewards. It echoes Jesus' teachings in the Sermon on the Mount (Matthew 6:19-21), where He instructs His followers to store up treasures in heaven, emphasizing the eternal over the temporal.

Then come, follow Me
The call to "follow Me" is the ultimate invitation to discipleship. The Greek word for "follow" (ἀκολούθει, akolouthei) implies a continuous, active pursuit. This is not merely an invitation to walk alongside Jesus but to commit one's life to His teachings and mission. It is a call to surrender all, to prioritize Christ above all else, and to embark on a journey of faith and obedience. This invitation is extended to all believers, challenging us to evaluate our own willingness to forsake all for the sake of following Christ.

But when the ruler heard this
The term "ruler" here refers to a person of significant social and political standing, likely a leader in the synagogue or a local magistrate. The Greek word used is "ἄρχων" (archon), which denotes authority and governance. This ruler's encounter with Jesus is pivotal, as it highlights the tension between earthly authority and spiritual submission. Historically, rulers were often seen as blessed by God, yet Jesus challenges this notion by emphasizing spiritual wealth over material wealth.

he became very sad
The Greek word for "sad" is "περίλυπος" (perilypos), which conveys a deep, encompassing sorrow. This sadness is not merely emotional but reflects a profound spiritual conflict. The ruler's sadness is a result of the realization that his wealth, which he likely viewed as a sign of God's favor, is actually a hindrance to eternal life. This moment of sadness is a turning point, illustrating the cost of discipleship and the challenge of prioritizing spiritual over material wealth.

because he was extremely wealthy
The phrase "extremely wealthy" uses the Greek word "πλούσιος" (plousios), indicating not just wealth, but an abundance of possessions. In the cultural and historical context of the time, wealth was often equated with divine blessing and social status. However, Jesus' teaching subverts this understanding, suggesting that wealth can be a spiritual obstacle. The ruler's wealth is portrayed as a barrier to entering the Kingdom of God, emphasizing the radical call of Jesus to forsake all for the sake of following Him. This serves as a powerful reminder of the transient nature of earthly riches compared to the eternal value of spiritual riches.

Seeing the man’s sorrow
This phrase captures the compassionate and perceptive nature of Jesus. The Greek word for "seeing" (ἰδών, idón) implies more than just physical sight; it suggests an understanding or insight into the man's emotional state. Jesus perceives the deep sorrow of the rich young ruler, who is troubled by the challenge of giving up his wealth. This highlights Jesus' empathy and His ability to discern the true condition of the human heart. In a historical context, wealth was often seen as a sign of God's favor, making the man's sorrow even more profound as he grapples with the spiritual implications of his material possessions.

Jesus said
The authority of Jesus' words is underscored here. In the Gospels, when Jesus speaks, it is with divine authority and wisdom. The Greek verb "said" (εἶπεν, eipen) is often used to introduce significant teachings or revelations. This moment is pivotal, as Jesus addresses a common misconception about wealth and spiritual status. His words are not just for the rich young ruler but for all who hear, challenging societal norms and inviting listeners to reconsider their values in light of the kingdom of God.

How hard it is
This phrase emphasizes the difficulty and challenge associated with the task at hand. The Greek word for "hard" (δυσκόλως, dyskolōs) conveys a sense of struggle or near impossibility. Jesus is not merely stating a fact but is highlighting a spiritual truth that would have been countercultural at the time. In a society where wealth was equated with divine blessing, Jesus' statement serves as a radical redefinition of what it means to be blessed and to enter God's kingdom.

for the rich
The term "rich" (πλούσιοι, plousioi) refers to those who possess an abundance of material wealth. In the historical and cultural context of first-century Judea, wealth was often seen as a sign of God's favor. However, Jesus challenges this notion by suggesting that wealth can be a hindrance to spiritual growth and entry into the kingdom of God. This teaching invites believers to reflect on the potential spiritual dangers of material wealth and the importance of prioritizing spiritual riches over earthly possessions.

to enter the kingdom of God
The "kingdom of God" (βασιλείαν τοῦ Θεοῦ, basileian tou Theou) is a central theme in Jesus' teachings, representing God's sovereign rule and the realm of eternal life. Entering this kingdom is the ultimate goal for believers, and Jesus' statement underscores the spiritual obstacles that wealth can present. The historical context reveals that many Jews of the time expected a messianic kingdom characterized by earthly prosperity. Jesus, however, redefines the kingdom as a spiritual reality that requires humility, dependence on God, and a willingness to forsake worldly attachments. This teaching calls believers to examine their own lives and priorities, ensuring that their pursuit of God's kingdom takes precedence over material wealth.

Indeed
The word "indeed" is used to emphasize the truth and certainty of the statement that follows. In Greek, the word is "γάρ" (gar), which often serves to affirm or explain. This word sets the tone for the gravity of Jesus' teaching, underscoring the seriousness of the spiritual truth He is about to convey.

it is easier
The phrase "it is easier" comes from the Greek "εὐκοπώτερον" (eukopoteron), which suggests something that is more manageable or less difficult. This comparative term highlights the extreme difficulty of the task being described, setting up a stark contrast between the two scenarios Jesus presents.

for a camel
The "camel" (Greek: "κάμηλος," kamelos) is the largest animal found in the region of Palestine, often used in hyperbolic expressions to illustrate impossibility. The camel was a common sight in the ancient Near East, symbolizing something large and unwieldy. This imagery would have been immediately understood by Jesus' audience as representing something exceedingly difficult to manage.

to pass through
The phrase "to pass through" is translated from the Greek "διελθεῖν" (dielthein), meaning to go through or traverse. This verb implies movement and transition, suggesting an action that is not just difficult but practically impossible in the context of the metaphor.

the eye of a needle
"The eye of a needle" (Greek: "τρῆμα ῥαφίδος," trema rhaphidos) refers to the small opening in a sewing needle. This metaphorical expression is often debated, but traditionally it is understood as a literal needle, emphasizing the impossibility of the task. Some historical interpretations suggest a narrow gate in Jerusalem called the "Needle's Eye," but the primary understanding remains a literal needle, underscoring the hyperbolic nature of Jesus' teaching.

than for a rich man
The term "rich man" (Greek: "πλούσιος," plousios) refers to someone possessing great wealth. In the cultural and historical context of Jesus' time, wealth was often seen as a sign of God's favor. However, Jesus challenges this notion by suggesting that wealth can be a hindrance to spiritual entry into God's kingdom.

to enter
"To enter" (Greek: "εἰσελθεῖν," eiselthein) implies gaining access or admission. This verb is significant in the context of the kingdom of God, as it denotes the transition from one state of being to another, from earthly life to eternal life.

the kingdom of God
The "kingdom of God" (Greek: "βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ," basileia tou Theou) represents the reign and rule of God, both in the present spiritual sense and in the future eschatological fulfillment. This concept is central to Jesus' teaching, emphasizing the values and priorities of God's rule, which often stand in contrast to worldly values, such as the accumulation of wealth.

Those who heard this
This phrase refers to the audience present during Jesus' teaching. In the context of Luke 18, Jesus had just spoken to the rich young ruler and made a profound statement about the difficulty for the wealthy to enter the kingdom of God. The "those" likely includes the disciples and other followers who were often present during Jesus' teachings. Historically, this group would have been familiar with Jewish teachings and expectations regarding wealth and righteousness. The Greek word for "heard" (ἀκούσαντες, akousantes) implies not just hearing but understanding and processing the message, indicating that the listeners were grappling with the implications of Jesus' words.

asked
The act of asking here is significant. It shows a moment of reflection and perhaps confusion or concern among the listeners. The Greek word used is ἔλεγον (elegon), which can mean to ask or to say, indicating a verbal response to Jesus' challenging teaching. This reflects a common practice in Jewish learning, where questioning and dialogue were essential for understanding and growth in faith.

Who then
This phrase introduces a sense of urgency and concern. The listeners are trying to reconcile Jesus' teaching with their understanding of salvation. The Greek word for "who" (τίς, tis) is an interrogative pronoun, emphasizing the uncertainty and the need for clarification. The use of "then" (ἄρα, ara) suggests a logical conclusion or deduction from what has been previously stated, indicating that the listeners are trying to make sense of a seemingly impossible situation.

can be saved?
The concept of salvation is central to Christian theology. The Greek word for "saved" (σωθῆναι, sōthēnai) is a passive infinitive, indicating that salvation is something that happens to a person, not something they achieve on their own. This aligns with the conservative Christian perspective that salvation is a gift from God, not earned by human effort. The question reflects a deep theological concern: if the wealthy, who were often seen as blessed by God, struggle to be saved, what hope is there for others? This question sets the stage for Jesus' teaching on the nature of God's grace and the possibility of salvation for all who believe, regardless of their earthly status.

But
The word "but" serves as a conjunction that introduces a contrast or exception. In the context of Luke 18:27, it signifies a shift from human limitations to divine possibilities. This small word is pivotal, as it redirects the focus from the disciples' understanding to Jesus' profound teaching. It emphasizes the transition from human perspective to God's omnipotence.

Jesus
The name "Jesus" is derived from the Hebrew name Yeshua, meaning "The Lord is salvation." In this passage, Jesus is the authoritative voice, providing divine insight. His role as the Son of God and the Messiah is central to the Christian faith, and His teachings are foundational. Jesus' response here is not just a statement but a revelation of His divine nature and authority.

replied
The verb "replied" indicates a response to a preceding statement or question. In the narrative, Jesus is responding to the disciples' astonishment at the difficulty of salvation for the rich. His reply is not just an answer but a teaching moment, offering a deeper understanding of God's power and grace.

What is impossible
This phrase highlights the limitations of human ability and understanding. The Greek word for "impossible" is "adynatos," which means powerless or unable. It underscores the theme that human efforts are insufficient for salvation. This sets the stage for the contrast with God's capabilities, emphasizing the need for divine intervention.

with man
The phrase "with man" refers to human beings and their inherent limitations. It acknowledges the finite nature of human strength and wisdom. In the context of salvation, it points to the inadequacy of human efforts to achieve what only God can accomplish. This phrase serves as a reminder of human dependency on God.

is possible
The word "possible" comes from the Greek "dynatos," meaning powerful or able. This term is used to describe what can be accomplished through divine power. It contrasts with "impossible," highlighting the transformative power of God. It reassures believers that God's capabilities far exceed human limitations.

with God
The phrase "with God" signifies the divine presence and power that make the impossible possible. It emphasizes God's sovereignty and omnipotence. In the context of the passage, it reassures believers that salvation, though impossible by human means, is achievable through God's grace and power. This phrase encapsulates the essence of faith in God's ability to transcend human limitations.

Then Peter said
In this opening phrase, we encounter Peter, one of Jesus' closest disciples. The Greek name "Πέτρος" (Petros) means "rock" or "stone," signifying Peter's foundational role in the early Church. Historically, Peter is known for his impulsive nature and deep devotion to Jesus. This moment captures Peter's willingness to speak up, often reflecting the thoughts and concerns of the other disciples. His direct address to Jesus indicates a personal and intimate relationship, highlighting the trust and openness within their interactions.

Look
The word "Look" in Greek is "Ἰδοὺ" (Idou), often translated as "behold" or "see." It serves as an imperative, drawing attention to what follows. This word is used frequently in the Gospels to emphasize the importance of the statement or action that follows. In this context, Peter is urging Jesus to consider their situation, emphasizing the significance of their commitment and sacrifice. It reflects a moment of earnestness and perhaps a plea for recognition or reassurance from Jesus.

we have left everything
The phrase "we have left everything" is a powerful testament to the disciples' commitment. The Greek word for "left" is "ἀφέντες" (aphentes), meaning to leave behind or abandon. This indicates a complete and total relinquishment of their previous lives, including their professions, families, and possessions. Historically, this reflects the radical nature of discipleship in the first century, where following a rabbi like Jesus required significant personal sacrifice. The disciples' actions exemplify the call to prioritize spiritual over material wealth, a recurring theme in Jesus' teachings.

we had to follow You
The phrase "to follow You" is central to the concept of discipleship. The Greek word "ἀκολουθήσαντες" (akolouthēsantes) means to accompany or to follow as a disciple. This implies not just physical following but also a commitment to adopting the teachings and lifestyle of the teacher. In the historical context of the Gospels, following Jesus meant embracing a new way of life, often in opposition to societal norms and expectations. This phrase encapsulates the essence of Christian discipleship—complete devotion and adherence to Christ's teachings and example.

Truly I tell you
This phrase is a solemn affirmation used by Jesus to emphasize the truth and importance of what He is about to say. The Greek word "ἀμὴν" (amēn) is often translated as "truly" or "verily," and it signifies certainty and authority. In the context of Jesus' teachings, it underscores His divine authority and the reliability of His words. Historically, this phrase would have captured the attention of His listeners, indicating that a profound truth was about to be revealed.

Jesus replied
The act of replying indicates a response to a question or situation. In this context, Jesus is responding to Peter's statement about the sacrifices made by the disciples. The Greek verb "εἶπεν" (eipen) is used here, which is a common term for speaking or saying. This highlights the personal and direct nature of Jesus' communication with His disciples, emphasizing His role as a teacher and leader who engages with His followers' concerns.

no one who has left home
The phrase "left home" refers to the act of leaving one's physical dwelling or family environment. The Greek word "ἀφῆκεν" (aphēken) means to leave or abandon. This reflects the significant sacrifices made by the disciples and early Christians, who often had to leave their homes and families to follow Jesus. Historically, this was a radical commitment, as family and home were central to one's identity and security in ancient Jewish culture.

or wife or brothers or parents or children
This list of family members underscores the depth of personal sacrifice involved in following Jesus. The Greek terms used here, such as "γυναῖκα" (gynaika) for wife and "ἀδελφοὺς" (adelphous) for brothers, highlight the close familial relationships that were often disrupted for the sake of discipleship. In the historical context, family ties were paramount, and leaving them would have been a profound act of devotion and faith.

for the sake of the kingdom of God
This phrase indicates the motivation behind the sacrifices mentioned. The "kingdom of God" is a central theme in Jesus' teachings, representing God's sovereign rule and the fulfillment of His divine plan. The Greek word "βασιλείαν" (basileian) refers to a realm or dominion, emphasizing the spiritual and eternal nature of God's kingdom. Historically, this concept would have resonated with Jewish expectations of a messianic kingdom, though Jesus redefined it in spiritual terms.

will fail to receive
This phrase emphasizes the certainty of God's promises. The Greek word used here, "apolambanō," implies a full and complete reception. It reassures believers that their sacrifices for the kingdom will not go unnoticed or unrewarded. In a historical context, this promise would have been particularly comforting to early Christians who faced persecution and loss for their faith.

many times more
The phrase "many times more" underscores the abundant nature of God's blessings. The Greek word "pollaplasion" suggests a multiplication beyond human comprehension. This reflects the biblical principle that God’s generosity far exceeds human expectations, as seen in other scriptural promises of abundant life (John 10:10).

in this age
"In this age" refers to the present life on earth. The promise of blessings in this age indicates that God’s rewards are not only spiritual or reserved for the afterlife but also manifest in tangible ways here and now. Historically, this would have been a radical assurance to the disciples, who left everything to follow Jesus.

and in the age to come
This phrase points to the eschatological hope of Christians. "The age to come" is a common Jewish expression for the Messianic era or the eternal state. It reflects the dual aspect of Christian hope: blessings in the present life and the ultimate fulfillment in the life to come. This aligns with the biblical theme of already-but-not-yet, where believers experience a foretaste of future glory.

eternal life
"Eternal life" is the ultimate promise and hope of the Christian faith. The Greek term "zōē aiōnios" signifies not just unending life but a quality of life that is in communion with God. This concept is central to the New Testament and is the culmination of God’s redemptive plan. It assures believers of their future inheritance and the consummation of their faith in the presence of God.

Then Jesus took the Twelve aside
In this phrase, we see Jesus intentionally separating His closest disciples, the Twelve, from the larger group of followers. This act of taking them aside signifies the importance of the message He is about to convey. The Greek word for "took" (παραλαμβάνω, paralambanō) implies a personal and deliberate action, indicating that Jesus is preparing them for a significant revelation. Historically, this moment is crucial as it underscores the intimate relationship between Jesus and His disciples, highlighting their role as the primary recipients of His teachings and the future leaders of the early Church.

and said
The phrase "and said" introduces the direct communication from Jesus to His disciples. The Greek word for "said" (εἶπεν, eipen) is a common term used throughout the Gospels, but its use here emphasizes the authoritative and prophetic nature of what Jesus is about to disclose. This moment is a teaching opportunity, where Jesus is not merely conversing but imparting divine truth and preparing His disciples for the events to come.

Look
The word "Look" (Ἰδοὺ, Idou) is an imperative, often used in Scripture to draw attention to something of great importance. It serves as a call to focus and understand the gravity of the message. In the context of this passage, Jesus is urging His disciples to pay close attention to the prophecy He is about to reveal, which is central to His mission and the fulfillment of Scripture.

we are going up to Jerusalem
This phrase marks the beginning of a journey with profound theological significance. "Going up to Jerusalem" is not merely a geographical reference but a spiritual pilgrimage. Jerusalem is the city of David, the center of Jewish worship, and the prophesied location of the Messiah's suffering and triumph. The Greek verb "going up" (ἀναβαίνομεν, anabainomen) suggests an ascent, both physically and spiritually, as Jesus and His disciples approach the culmination of His earthly ministry.

and everything the prophets have written about the Son of Man
Here, Jesus connects His impending passion with the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecy. The phrase "everything the prophets have written" underscores the continuity of God's redemptive plan throughout Scripture. The "Son of Man" is a messianic title rooted in Daniel 7:13-14, emphasizing both the humanity and divinity of Jesus. This connection to prophecy reassures the disciples that the events to come are part of God's sovereign plan.

will be fulfilled
The phrase "will be fulfilled" (τελεσθήσεται, telesthēsetai) is a declaration of certainty. It conveys the idea that God's promises and prophecies are not only predictions but divine certainties that will come to pass. This assurance of fulfillment is meant to strengthen the disciples' faith, reminding them that despite the suffering and trials ahead, God's purposes will be accomplished through Jesus' death and resurrection. This fulfillment is central to the Gospel message, affirming Jesus as the promised Messiah and the Savior of the world.

He will be handed over
This phrase signifies the deliberate act of betrayal and surrender. In the Greek, "παραδοθήσεται" (paradothēsetai) implies a handing over with intent, often used in legal or judicial contexts. This foreshadows the betrayal of Jesus by Judas Iscariot, highlighting the fulfillment of prophecy and the divine plan. It underscores the gravity of Jesus' mission, willingly subjected to human authorities, emphasizing His submission to the Father's will.

to the Gentiles
The term "Gentiles" (Greek: ἔθνη, ethnē) refers to non-Jewish people, specifically the Roman authorities in this context. This is significant as it marks the transition of Jesus' trial from a Jewish religious context to a Roman political one. Historically, this reflects the Roman occupation of Judea and the complex socio-political dynamics of the time. It also symbolizes the universal scope of Jesus' mission, as His sacrifice would extend beyond the Jewish people to all nations.

and will be mocked
The Greek word "ἐμπαίξεται" (empaixetai) conveys a sense of derision and scorn. Mockery was a common form of humiliation in ancient times, often used to demean and dehumanize. This fulfills the prophetic imagery found in Isaiah 53:3, where the suffering servant is "despised and rejected." It highlights the depth of Jesus' humiliation and the extent of His suffering for humanity's redemption.

and insulted
The word "ὑβρισθήσεται" (hybristhēsetai) in Greek suggests acts of violence and abuse, both verbal and physical. This reflects the brutal treatment Jesus endured, as recorded in the Gospels. Historically, such treatment was typical for those condemned by Roman authorities, intended to break the spirit of the accused. This phrase emphasizes the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies and the extent of Jesus' endurance for the sake of mankind.

and spit upon
Spitting was a profound act of contempt and dishonor in ancient cultures, symbolizing utter rejection. The Greek "ἐμπτυσθήσεται" (emptysthēsetai) indicates a deliberate act of scorn. This act of spitting upon Jesus is a vivid demonstration of the world's rejection of Him, fulfilling the prophecy in Isaiah 50:6. It serves as a poignant reminder of the humility and love of Christ, who endured such disgrace to bring salvation to all.

They will flog Him
This phrase refers to the brutal practice of scourging, a common Roman punishment intended to weaken a victim before execution. The Greek word used here is "μαστιγώσουσιν" (mastigōsousin), which means to whip or scourge. Historically, flogging was a severe form of punishment that involved a whip with multiple thongs, often embedded with bone or metal. This act fulfills the prophecy of the Suffering Servant in Isaiah 53:5, "by His stripes we are healed," highlighting the physical suffering Jesus would endure for humanity's redemption.

and kill Him
The phrase "and kill Him" is a direct prediction of Jesus' crucifixion. The Greek word "ἀποκτενοῦσιν" (apoktenousin) means to kill or put to death. This was not just any death but a death by crucifixion, a method reserved for the most heinous criminals in Roman society. Historically, crucifixion was designed to be a public, humiliating, and excruciatingly painful death. This phrase underscores the gravity of Jesus' sacrifice, as He willingly submitted to such a death to fulfill God's redemptive plan, as foretold in scriptures like Psalm 22 and Isaiah 53.

and on the third day
The phrase "on the third day" is significant in both Jewish and Christian contexts. In Jewish tradition, the third day often symbolizes divine intervention and completion, as seen in Hosea 6:2, "After two days He will revive us; on the third day He will restore us." The Greek phrase "τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ" (tē tritē hēmera) emphasizes the fulfillment of Jesus' prophecy about His resurrection. This timing is crucial, as it aligns with Jesus' own predictions and the typology of Jonah, who spent three days in the belly of the fish (Matthew 12:40).

He will rise again
The phrase "He will rise again" is the cornerstone of Christian faith, encapsulating the hope and victory over sin and death. The Greek word "ἀναστήσεται" (anastēsetai) means to rise or stand up again, indicating Jesus' resurrection. This event is the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies and Jesus' own predictions, affirming His divine nature and the truth of His teachings. The resurrection is not just a historical event but a transformative reality that assures believers of eternal life and the power of God to bring life from death, as celebrated in 1 Corinthians 15:20-22.

But they did not understand any of these things
This phrase highlights the disciples' lack of comprehension regarding Jesus' predictions about His suffering, death, and resurrection. The Greek word for "understand" is "συνίημι" (syniēmi), which means to bring together or to comprehend. Despite being with Jesus and witnessing His miracles and teachings, the disciples were unable to grasp the full meaning of His words. This reflects a common theme in the Gospels where spiritual truths are often hidden from those who are not yet ready to receive them. It serves as a reminder of the necessity of divine revelation and the work of the Holy Spirit in illuminating the truths of God to believers.

The meaning was hidden from them
The phrase "hidden from them" uses the Greek word "κρύπτω" (kryptō), meaning to conceal or keep secret. This suggests that there was a divine purpose in their lack of understanding. In the broader biblical narrative, God often conceals certain truths until the appointed time for them to be revealed. This concealment underscores the mystery of God's plan and the unfolding of His redemptive work in history. It also points to the progressive revelation of God's purposes, which are made clear in His timing.

and they did not comprehend what He was saying
The repetition of the disciples' inability to comprehend emphasizes their spiritual blindness at this point in the narrative. The Greek word for "comprehend" is "γινώσκω" (ginōskō), which implies a deeper, experiential knowledge. This lack of comprehension is not merely intellectual but spiritual, indicating that the disciples were not yet able to fully grasp the significance of Jesus' mission. This serves as a humbling reminder of human limitations and the need for God's grace to open our eyes to His truth. It also foreshadows the transformation that would occur after the resurrection and the coming of the Holy Spirit, when the disciples would finally understand and boldly proclaim the Gospel.

As Jesus drew near to Jericho
This phrase sets the geographical and narrative context for the miracle that is about to occur. Jericho, one of the oldest inhabited cities in the world, holds significant historical and theological importance. In the Old Testament, it was the first city conquered by the Israelites under Joshua's leadership (Joshua 6). The mention of Jericho here may evoke thoughts of new beginnings and divine intervention. The Greek word for "drew near" (ἐγγίζω, eggizō) suggests an approach or coming close, indicating that Jesus is intentionally moving towards a place where He will perform a significant act, underscoring His purposeful ministry.

a blind man was sitting by the road, begging
The condition of the blind man highlights the social and physical challenges faced by individuals with disabilities in ancient times. Blindness was often seen as a curse or punishment, and those afflicted were marginalized. The Greek word for "blind" (τυφλός, typhlos) emphasizes the man's lack of sight, which in biblical symbolism often represents spiritual blindness or lack of understanding. His position "by the road" signifies his exclusion from society, yet it is precisely this location that places him in the path of Jesus. The act of "begging" (ἐπαιτέω, epaiteō) reflects his dependence on the mercy of others, setting the stage for the ultimate act of mercy he will receive from Jesus.

he heard
The phrase "he heard" indicates an action of perceiving sound, which in the Greek is "ἤκουσεν" (ēkousen). This verb is derived from "ἀκούω" (akouō), meaning to hear or listen. In the context of Luke 18:36, this hearing is not just a passive reception of sound but an active engagement with the environment. The man, identified as a blind beggar in the surrounding verses, is attuned to his surroundings despite his lack of sight. This highlights the importance of spiritual awareness and the ability to perceive God's work even when physical senses are limited. It serves as a reminder that faith often comes by hearing (Romans 10:17), emphasizing the necessity of being attentive to God's word and the movements of the Holy Spirit.

a crowd
The term "a crowd" refers to a large group of people, translated from the Greek "ὄχλος" (ochlos). In the Gospels, crowds often symbolize the masses who are drawn to Jesus, seeking healing, teaching, or simply curious about His works. The presence of a crowd in this passage suggests a significant event or person, in this case, Jesus, who is passing by. Historically, crowds in ancient Palestine would gather for various reasons, including religious festivals, public events, or to follow a notable figure. The crowd's movement and noise would have been a common occurrence, yet it is significant here as it sets the stage for the blind man's encounter with Jesus. This highlights the idea that amidst the busyness and noise of life, there are divine opportunities for transformation and encounter with Christ.

going by
The phrase "going by" is translated from the Greek "παρερχομένου" (parerchomenou), which means to pass by or to go past. This verb suggests movement and transition, indicating that Jesus is on a journey. In the broader narrative of Luke, Jesus is making His way to Jerusalem, where He will ultimately face crucifixion. The concept of Jesus "going by" can be seen as a metaphor for the fleeting opportunities to encounter Him. It underscores the urgency of recognizing and responding to Jesus' presence in our lives. Historically, Jesus' itinerant ministry involved moving from place to place, teaching and performing miracles, which required people to be vigilant and ready to seize the moment of His passing. This serves as an inspiration for believers to be spiritually alert and responsive to the moments when Jesus "passes by" in their own lives, offering grace, healing, and salvation.

Jesus of Nazareth
The phrase "Jesus of Nazareth" is significant in identifying Jesus' earthly origins and His human identity. The name "Jesus" is derived from the Hebrew name "Yeshua," meaning "Yahweh is salvation." This highlights the central role of Jesus as the Savior in Christian theology. "Nazareth" refers to the town in Galilee where Jesus was raised, fulfilling the prophecy that the Messiah would be called a Nazarene (Matthew 2:23). Nazareth was a small, seemingly insignificant town, which emphasizes the humble beginnings of Jesus and aligns with the biblical theme that God often chooses the lowly and unexpected to fulfill His purposes. Historically, Nazareth was a Jewish settlement during the time of Jesus, and archaeological findings have confirmed its existence and characteristics during the first century. This phrase underscores the humanity of Jesus, grounding His divine mission in a real historical and geographical context.

is passing by
The phrase "is passing by" indicates a moment of opportunity and urgency. In the Greek, the verb "parerchomai" conveys the idea of moving past or going by. This suggests a transient moment that requires immediate action, reflecting the urgency of recognizing and responding to Jesus' presence. In the broader scriptural context, this moment is pivotal for the blind man who seizes the opportunity to call out to Jesus for healing. Theologically, it serves as a metaphor for the fleeting opportunities in life to encounter Christ and receive His grace. The historical context of Jesus' ministry involved Him traveling from place to place, teaching, healing, and proclaiming the Kingdom of God. This itinerant nature of His ministry meant that individuals had to be attentive and responsive to His presence. The phrase encourages believers to be vigilant and responsive to the moments when Jesus "passes by" in their own lives, offering opportunities for transformation and salvation.

He called out
The phrase "He called out" in Luke 18:38 refers to the blind man who is seeking Jesus' attention. The Greek word used here is "ἐβόησεν" (eboēsen), which implies a loud cry or shout. This is not a timid request but a desperate plea for help. In the historical context, a blind man would have been marginalized and often ignored by society. His loud cry signifies both his desperation and his faith that Jesus can heal him. This act of calling out is a demonstration of faith, as it shows the blind man's belief in Jesus' power and willingness to heal.

Jesus, Son of David
The title "Son of David" is significant as it acknowledges Jesus' messianic lineage. In Jewish tradition, the Messiah was expected to come from the line of David, as prophesied in the Old Testament (2 Samuel 7:12-16). By addressing Jesus as the "Son of David," the blind man is recognizing Him as the promised Messiah. This is a profound declaration of faith, especially coming from a blind man who, despite his physical blindness, sees Jesus' true identity more clearly than many others.

have mercy on me!
The plea "have mercy on me!" is a heartfelt request for compassion and healing. The Greek word for mercy, "ἐλέησόν" (eleēson), is often used in the context of divine compassion and forgiveness. This cry for mercy is not just about physical healing but also reflects a deeper spiritual need. In the broader scriptural context, mercy is a central theme in the teachings of Jesus, who often emphasized compassion and forgiveness. The blind man's request is a model of humble faith, acknowledging his own helplessness and Jesus' power to save and heal.

Those who led the way
This phrase refers to the individuals who were at the forefront of the crowd accompanying Jesus. In the context of first-century Judea, these could have been disciples, followers, or even local leaders who were guiding the procession. The Greek word used here, "οἱ προάγοντες" (hoi proagontes), implies leadership and direction. Historically, leaders in Jewish society were expected to uphold religious and social order, often taking on roles of authority and influence. This highlights the societal structure and the respect for hierarchy present during Jesus' time.

rebuked him
The act of rebuking, from the Greek "ἐπετίμων" (epetimon), suggests a strong disapproval or reprimand. In the cultural and religious context of the time, rebuking was a common practice used to maintain order and adherence to social norms. The leaders likely believed they were protecting Jesus from disturbance or maintaining the dignity of the procession. This reflects the tension between societal expectations and the radical inclusivity of Jesus' ministry.

to be quiet
The instruction to be quiet, derived from the Greek "σιωπήσῃ" (siopesē), indicates a command for silence. In the historical context, silence was often demanded in situations where authority was present or when decorum was expected. This command underscores the perceived need to control the environment around Jesus, perhaps to maintain a sense of reverence or to prevent disruption.

But he cried out all the more
The persistence of the blind man, expressed in the Greek "πολλῷ μᾶλλον ἔκραζεν" (pollō mallon ekrazen), demonstrates a fervent and desperate plea. This phrase highlights the man's determination and faith, as he refuses to be silenced despite opposition. His actions reflect a deep belief in Jesus' power to heal and a willingness to defy social norms to seek divine intervention.

Son of David
This title, "Υἱὲ Δαυίδ" (Huiē David), is a messianic reference, acknowledging Jesus as the promised descendant of King David. In Jewish tradition, the Messiah was expected to come from David's lineage, fulfilling Old Testament prophecies. By using this title, the blind man publicly affirms his belief in Jesus as the Messiah, a significant declaration of faith that aligns with the messianic expectations of the time.

have mercy on me
The plea for mercy, "ἐλέησόν με" (eleēson me), is a heartfelt request for compassion and healing. In the biblical context, mercy is a central theme, often associated with God's loving-kindness and willingness to forgive and heal. This appeal reflects the man's recognition of his own helplessness and his trust in Jesus' ability to provide divine grace and intervention.

Jesus stopped
In this phrase, we see the compassion and attentiveness of Jesus. The Greek word used here is "ἑστηκὼς" (hestēkōs), which implies a deliberate pause. Jesus, amidst the crowd and His journey, takes the time to stop for an individual in need. This action reflects His divine nature and His mission to seek and save the lost. Historically, this moment underscores the personal attention Jesus gives to each person, emphasizing that no one is too insignificant for His notice.

and commanded
The Greek word for "commanded" is "ἐκέλευσεν" (ekeleusen), indicating an authoritative directive. Jesus, as the Son of God, possesses authority over all creation. His command here is not just a simple request but a demonstration of His sovereign will. This reflects the power of His word, which brings order and healing, reminiscent of God’s creative word in Genesis.

that he be brought to Him
The phrase highlights Jesus' desire for personal interaction. The Greek verb "προσαχθῆναι" (prosachthēnai) means to bring or lead someone to a place. This action signifies the importance of coming into the presence of Jesus for transformation. In a broader scriptural context, it echoes the call for all believers to draw near to Christ, who is the source of life and healing. Historically, this reflects the cultural practice of bringing those in need to a rabbi or healer, yet here it is the divine healer Himself who initiates the call.

When he had come near
The act of coming near to Jesus is both physical and spiritual. The Greek "ἐγγίσαντος" (engisantos) suggests proximity and intimacy. This moment is pivotal, as it represents the transition from a state of need to one of potential healing and restoration. In the broader biblical narrative, drawing near to God is a recurring theme, symbolizing repentance, faith, and the hope of redemption. This phrase invites believers to approach Jesus with confidence, knowing that He is ready to receive and restore.

What do you want Me to do for you?
What do you want
This phrase is a direct question from Jesus, emphasizing His willingness to engage personally with individuals. The Greek word for "want" is "θέλεις" (theléis), which implies a desire or wish. This question invites introspection and reveals the importance of articulating one's needs and desires before God. It reflects the personal nature of Jesus' ministry, where He seeks to understand and address the specific needs of each person. Historically, this question underscores the relational aspect of faith, where God desires a dialogue with His people.

Me
The use of "Me" here is significant, as it points to Jesus Himself as the source of help and healing. In the Greek, "Me" is "μοι" (moi), indicating the personal involvement of Jesus in the situation. This highlights the belief in Jesus' divine authority and power to intervene in human affairs. It is a reminder of the Christian doctrine of the Incarnation, where God became man in the person of Jesus Christ, making Him accessible and approachable.

to do
The phrase "to do" comes from the Greek "ποιήσω" (poiésō), which means to make, to create, or to perform. This verb suggests action and the ability to bring about change. In the context of this verse, it emphasizes Jesus' active role in responding to human needs. It reflects the biblical theme of God's power to act in the world, fulfilling His promises and demonstrating His love through tangible actions.

for you
The phrase "for you" is translated from the Greek "σοι" (soi), indicating a personal and direct benefit to the individual. This highlights the personal nature of Jesus' ministry and His concern for individual well-being. It underscores the Christian belief in a personal relationship with God, where He is not distant or detached but intimately involved in the lives of His followers. This phrase reassures believers of God's willingness to intervene personally in their lives, providing comfort and hope.

Receive your sight
In this phrase, Jesus commands the blind man to "receive your sight." The Greek word for "receive" is "anablepo," which means to look up or recover sight. This is not just a physical healing but a spiritual awakening. In the context of the Gospels, sight often symbolizes understanding and insight. Jesus, as the Light of the World, brings both physical and spiritual illumination. The act of receiving is passive, indicating that the man’s healing is a gift from Jesus, emphasizing the grace and power of Christ in restoring what was lost.

your faith
The phrase "your faith" highlights the personal faith of the blind man. The Greek word for faith is "pistis," which denotes trust, belief, and confidence. In the biblical context, faith is not merely intellectual assent but a deep trust in God’s power and goodness. This faith is the means by which the man receives his healing. It underscores a recurring theme in the Gospels: faith as a conduit for divine action. The man’s faith in Jesus’ ability to heal him is a testament to his recognition of Jesus’ divine authority.

has healed you
The phrase "has healed you" is translated from the Greek word "sozo," which means to save, heal, or make whole. This word is often used in the New Testament to describe both physical healing and spiritual salvation. The dual meaning reflects the holistic nature of Jesus’ ministry, which addresses both body and soul. The healing is immediate and complete, demonstrating Jesus’ authority over physical ailments and His compassion for human suffering. This phrase encapsulates the transformative power of Jesus’ touch, which restores the man to full health and wholeness.

Immediately
The word "immediately" in this context underscores the instantaneous nature of the miracle performed by Jesus. In the Greek, the word used is "παραχρῆμα" (parachrēma), which conveys a sense of urgency and immediacy. This highlights the power and authority of Jesus, who can bring about change without delay. The immediate restoration of sight is a testament to the divine nature of Christ's miracles, reflecting the fulfillment of prophetic promises and the breaking in of God's kingdom into the present reality.

he received his sight
This phrase signifies not only the physical healing of the blind man but also serves as a metaphor for spiritual enlightenment. The Greek word "ἀνέβλεψεν" (aneblepsen) means to look up or regain sight. In the broader biblical narrative, receiving sight is often symbolic of gaining understanding or insight into God's truth. This miracle is a physical manifestation of the spiritual awakening that Jesus brings to those who believe in Him, emphasizing the transformative power of faith.

and followed Jesus
The act of following Jesus after receiving sight is significant. The Greek word "ἠκολούθει" (ēkolouthei) implies a continuous action, suggesting that the man did not just follow Jesus momentarily but became a disciple. This reflects the call to discipleship that Jesus extends to all who experience His grace. It is a reminder that true faith results in a life of following Christ, marked by obedience and devotion.

glorifying God
The response of glorifying God is a natural reaction to witnessing or experiencing a miracle. The Greek word "δοξάζων" (doxazōn) means to praise or honor. This act of glorification acknowledges God's sovereignty and goodness. It serves as a model for believers, illustrating that our lives should be a testament to God's glory, especially in response to His work in our lives.

And all the people
This phrase indicates the communal aspect of the miracle. The presence of "all the people" suggests that the miracle was witnessed by a crowd, which is often the case in the Gospels. This public nature of Jesus' miracles serves to validate His ministry and message. It also highlights the role of community in the life of faith, as the collective witness of God's work can lead to a shared experience of worship and belief.

when they saw it
The act of seeing is crucial in this context. The Greek word "ἰδόντες" (idontes) means to perceive or become aware. The people's ability to see the miracle reinforces the theme of sight and understanding. It suggests that witnessing God's work can lead to a deeper awareness of His presence and power, prompting a response of faith and worship.

gave praise to God
The final phrase emphasizes the appropriate response to God's miraculous intervention. The Greek word "ἔδωκαν" (edōkan) means to give, and "αἶνον" (ainon) means praise. This act of giving praise is an expression of gratitude and acknowledgment of God's majesty. It serves as a reminder that our lives should be characterized by continual praise, recognizing God's hand in all circumstances and responding with worship and thanksgiving.