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ATS Bible Dictionary MourningThe Hebrews, at the death of their friends and relations, made striking demonstrations of grief and mourning. They wept, tore their clothes, smote their breasts, threw dust upon their heads, Joshua 7:6, and lay upon the ground, went barefooted, pulled their hair and beards, or cut them, Ezra 9:3 Isaiah 15:2, and made incisions on their breasts, or tore them with their nails, Le 19:28 21:5 Jeremiah 16:6 48:37. The time of mourning was commonly seven days, 1 Samuel 31:11-13; but it was lengthened or shortened according to circumstances, Zechariah 12:10. That for Moses and Aaron was prolonged to thirty days, Numbers 20:29 De 34:8; and that for Jacob to seventy days, Genesis 50:3. During the time of their mourning, the near relations of the deceased continued sitting in their houses, and fasted, 2 Samuel 12:16, or ate on the ground. The food they took was thought unclean, and even themselves were judged impure. "Their sacrifices shall be unto them as the bread of mourners: all that eat thereof shall be polluted," Hosea 9:4. Their faces were covered, and in all that time they could not apply themselves to any occupation, nor read the book of the law, nor offer their usual prayers. They did not dress themselves, nor make their beds, nor uncover their heads, nor shave themselves, nor cut their nails, nor go into the bath, nor salute any body. Nobody spoke to them unless they spoke first, Job 2:11-13. Their friends commonly went to visit and comfort them, John 11:19,39, bringing them food, 2 Samuel 3:35 Jeremiah 16:7. They also went up to the roof, or upon the platform of their houses, to bewail their misfortune: "They shall gird themselves with sackcloth; on the tops of their houses, and in their streets, every one shall howl, weeping abundantly," Isaiah 15:3 Jeremiah 48:38. The mourning dress among the Hebrews was not fixed either by law or custom. We only find in Scripture that they used to tear their garments, a custom still observed; but now they tear a small part merely, and for form's sake, 2 Samuel 13:19 2 Chronicles 34:27 Ezra 9:3 Job 2:12 Joel 2:13. Anciently in times of mourning, they clothed themselves in sackcloth, or haircloth, that is, in clothes of coarse brown or black stuff, 2 Samuel 3:31 1 Kings 21:27 Esther 4:1 Psalm 35:13 69:11. They hired women to weep and wail, and also persons to play on instruments, at the funerals of the rich or distinguished, Jeremiah 9:17. In Matthew 9:23, we observe a company of minstrels or players on the flute, at the funeral of a girl of twelve year of age. All that met a funeral procession were accustomed to join them for a time, to accompany them on their way, sometimes relieving the bearers of the bier, and mingling their tears with those of the mourners, Romans 12:15. The custom of hiring women to weep and wail has come down to modern times. The following account of such a scene at Nablous, the ancient Shechem, is form Dr. Jowett. The governor of the city had died the very morning of Dr. Jowett's arrival. "On coming within sight of the gate, we perceived a numerous company of females, who were singing in a kind of recitative, far from melancholy, and beating time with their hands. If this be mourning, I thought, it is of a strange kind. It had indeed sometimes more the air of angry defiance. But on our reaching the gate, it was suddenly exchanged for most hideous plaints and shrieks, which, with the feeling that we were entering a city at no time celebrated for its hospitality, struck a very dismal impression upon my mind. They accompanied us a few paces; but it soon appeared that the gate was their station, to which having received nothing from us, they returned. We learned, in the course of the evening, that these were only a small detachment of a very numerous body of ?cunning women- with the design, as of old, to make the eyes of all the inhabitants ?run down with tears, and their eyelids gush out with water,- Jeremiah 9:17-18. For this good service, they would, the next morning wait upon the government and principal persons, to receive some trifling fee." Some of the Jewish forms of mourning are the appropriate and universal language of grief; others, to our modern and occidental taste, savor of extravagance. None of these were enjoined by their religion, which rather restricted than encouraged them, Le 10:6 19:27 21:1-11 Numbers 6:7 De 14:1. They were the established customs of the times. Sorrow finds some relief in reversing all the usages of ordinary life. Christianity, however, moderates and assuages our grief; shows us a Father's hand holding the rod, and the dark valley itself penetrated by the heavenly light into which it emerges, 1 1 Corinthians 15:53-55 1 Thessalonians 4:14-18 Revelation 7:13-17 14:13. Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary 1. (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Mourn.2. (n.) The act of sorrowing or expressing grief; lamentation; sorrow. 3. (n.) Garb, drapery, or emblems indicative of grief, esp. clothing or a badge of somber black. 4. (a.) Grieving; sorrowing; lamenting. 5. (a.) Employed to express sorrow or grief; worn or used as appropriate to the condition of one bereaved or sorrowing; as, mourning garments; a mourning ring; a mourning pin, and the like. International Standard Bible Encyclopedia MOURNINGGreek 3997. penthos -- mourning ... mourning. Part of Speech: Noun, Neuter Transliteration: penthos Phonetic Spelling: (pen'-thos) Short Definition: mourning, sorrow Definition: mourning, sorrow ... //strongsnumbers.com/greek2/3997.htm - 6k 3602. odurmos -- lamentation 2875. kopto -- to cut (off), strike, by ext. to mourn 4526. sakkos -- sackcloth 3996. pentheo -- to mourn, lament 2351. thorubos -- an uproar 2870. kopetos -- a beating of the head and breast Strong's Hebrew 60. ebel -- mourning... 59, 60. ebel. 61 . mourning. Transliteration: ebel Phonetic Spelling: (ay'-bel) Short Definition: mourning. Word Origin from abal ... /hebrew/60.htm - 6k 592. aniyyah -- mourning 57. abel -- mourning 8386. taaniyyah -- mourning 5092. nehi -- a wailing, lamentation, mourning song 6428. palash -- (act of mourning) perhaps to roll in 1068. bekith -- a weeping 1899. hegeh -- a rumbling, growling, moaning 4553. misped -- a wailing 6941. qedorannith -- as mourners Library The Hindrances to Mourning Motives to Holy Mourning The Mourning for the Fool Some Helps to Mourning Mourning and Longing. On Mourning for the Dead An Exhortation to Mourning and Confession of Sins for Christ is ... Mourning for Constantine at Rome; and the Honor Paid Him There ... A Scene of Mourning. "We have Now Matter of Mourning: for Our Sin is Cause of Christ's ... Thesaurus Mourning (85 Occurrences)... 5. (a.) Employed to express sorrow or grief; worn or used as appropriate to the condition of one bereaved or sorrowing; as, mourning garments; a mourning ring ... /m/mourning.htm - 34k Mourning-feast (2 Occurrences) Baldness (11 Occurrences) Abel-mizraim (1 Occurrence) Abelmizraim (1 Occurrence) Lamentation (45 Occurrences) Wailing (44 Occurrences) Sackcloth (47 Occurrences) Threshing-floor (36 Occurrences) Moaning (9 Occurrences) Bible Concordance Mourning (85 Occurrences)Matthew 2:18 "A voice was heard in Ramah, lamentation, weeping and great mourning, Rachel weeping for her children; she wouldn't be comforted, because they are no more." Matthew 5:4 Happy the mourning -- because they shall be comforted. Mark 16:10 She went and brought the tidings to those who had been with Him, as they were mourning and weeping. Luke 8:52 All were weeping and mourning her, but he said, "Don't weep. She isn't dead, but sleeping." Luke 23:27 A great multitude of the people followed him, including women who also mourned and lamented him. 1 Corinthians 5:2 And you, instead of mourning and removing from among you the man who has done this deed of shame, are filled with self-complacency! 1 Corinthians 7:30 and those who weep, as though they didn't weep; and those who rejoice, as though they didn't rejoice; and those who buy, as though they didn't possess; 2 Corinthians 7:7 and not by his coming only, but also by the comfort with which he was comforted in you, while he told us of your longing, your mourning, and your zeal for me; so that I rejoiced still more. James 4:9 Lament, mourn, and weep. Let your laughter be turned to mourning, and your joy to gloom. Revelation 18:7 However much she glorified herself, and grew wanton, so much give her of torment and mourning. For she says in her heart,'I sit a queen, and am no widow, and will in no way see mourning.' Revelation 18:8 Therefore in one day her plagues will come: death, mourning, and famine; and she will be utterly burned with fire; for the Lord God who has judged her is strong. Revelation 18:15 The merchants of these things, who were made rich by her, will stand far away for the fear of her torment, weeping and mourning; Revelation 18:19 They cast dust on their heads, and cried, weeping and mourning, saying,'Woe, woe, the great city, in which all who had their ships in the sea were made rich by reason of her great wealth!' For in one hour is she made desolate. Revelation 21:4 He will wipe away from them every tear from their eyes. Death will be no more; neither will there be mourning, nor crying, nor pain, any more. The first things have passed away." Genesis 27:41 Esau hated Jacob because of the blessing with which his father blessed him. Esau said in his heart, "The days of mourning for my father are at hand. Then I will kill my brother Jacob." Genesis 37:35 All his sons and all his daughters rose up to comfort him, but he refused to be comforted. He said, "For I will go down to Sheol to my son mourning." His father wept for him. Genesis 38:12 After many days, Shua's daughter, the wife of Judah, died. Judah was comforted, and went up to his sheepshearers to Timnah, he and his friend Hirah, the Adullamite. Genesis 50:4 And when the days of his mourning were past, Joseph spake unto the house of Pharaoh, saying, If now I have found grace in your eyes, speak, I pray you, in the ears of Pharaoh, saying, Genesis 50:10 And they came to the threshingfloor of Atad, which is beyond Jordan, and there they mourned with a great and very sore lamentation: and he made a mourning for his father seven days. Genesis 50:11 When the inhabitants of the land, the Canaanites, saw the mourning in the floor of Atad, they said, "This is a grievous mourning by the Egyptians." Therefore, its name was called Abel Mizraim, which is beyond the Jordan. Exodus 33:4 And when the people heard these evil tidings, they mourned; and no man did put on him his ornaments. Deuteronomy 26:14 I have not eaten of it in my mourning, neither have I put away of it, being unclean, nor given of it for the dead: I have listened to the voice of Yahweh my God; I have done according to all that you have commanded me. Deuteronomy 34:8 The children of Israel wept for Moses in the plains of Moab thirty days: so the days of weeping in the mourning for Moses were ended. 1 Samuel 16:1 And Jehovah saith unto Samuel, 'Till when art thou mourning for Saul, and I have rejected him from reigning over Israel? fill thy horn with oil, and go, I send thee unto Jesse the Beth-Lehemite, for I have seen among his sons for Myself a king. 2 Samuel 3:31 And David saith unto Joab, and unto all the people who 'are' with him, 'Rend your garments, and gird on sackcloth, and mourn before Abner;' and king David is going after the bier. 2 Samuel 11:27 When the mourning was past, David sent and took her home to his house, and she became his wife, and bore him a son. But the thing that David had done displeased Yahweh. 2 Samuel 14:2 Joab sent to Tekoa, and fetched there a wise woman, and said to her, "Please act like a mourner, and put on mourning clothing, please, and don't anoint yourself with oil, but be as a woman who has mourned a long time for the dead. 2 Samuel 19:1 And it is declared to Joab, 'Lo, the king is weeping and mourning for Absalom;' 2 Samuel 19:2 The victory that day was turned into mourning to all the people; for the people heard it said that day, "The king grieves for his son." 2 Chronicles 35:24 And his servants remove him from the chariot, and cause him to ride on the second chariot that he hath, and cause him to go to Jerusalem, and he dieth, and is buried in the graves of his fathers, and all Judah and Jerusalem are mourning for Josiah, Ezra 10:6 And Ezra riseth from before the house of God, and goeth unto the chamber of Jehohanan son of Eliashib; yea, he goeth there, bread he hath not eaten, and water he hath not drunk, for he is mourning because of the trespass of the removal. Esther 4:3 In every province, wherever the king's commandment and his decree came, there was great mourning among the Jews, and fasting, and weeping, and wailing; and many lay in sackcloth and ashes. Esther 6:12 Mordecai came back to the king's gate, but Haman hurried to his house, mourning and having his head covered. Esther 9:22 as the days in which the Jews had rest from their enemies, and the month which was turned to them from sorrow to gladness, and from mourning into a good day; that they should make them days of feasting and gladness, and of sending presents of food to one another, and gifts to the needy. Job 3:8 Let them curse it that curse the day, who are ready to raise up their mourning. Job 30:28 I go mourning without the sun. I stand up in the assembly, and cry for help. Job 30:31 Therefore my harp has turned to mourning, and my pipe into the voice of those who weep. Psalms 30:11 You have turned my mourning into dancing for me. You have removed my sackcloth, and clothed me with gladness, Psalms 35:14 I behaved myself as though it had been my friend or my brother. I bowed down mourning, as one who mourns his mother. Psalms 38:6 I am pained and bowed down greatly. I go mourning all day long. Psalms 42:9 I will ask God, my rock, "Why have you forgotten me? Why do I go mourning because of the oppression of the enemy?" Psalms 43:2 For you are the God of my strength. Why have you rejected me? Why do I go mourning because of the oppression of the enemy? Ecclesiastes 7:2 It is better to go to the house of mourning than to go to the house of feasting: for that is the end of all men, and the living should take this to heart. Ecclesiastes 7:4 The heart of the wise is in the house of mourning; but the heart of fools is in the house of mirth. Isaiah 22:12 In that day, the Lord, Yahweh of Armies, called to weeping, and to mourning, and to baldness, and to dressing in sackcloth: Isaiah 29:2 then I will distress Ariel, and there will be mourning and lamentation. She shall be to me as an altar hearth. Isaiah 38:14 Like a crane or a swallow, so did I chatter: I did mourn as a dove: mine eyes fail with looking upward: O LORD, I am oppressed; undertake for me. Isaiah 51:11 Therefore the redeemed of the LORD shall return, and come with singing unto Zion; and everlasting joy shall be upon their head: they shall obtain gladness and joy; and sorrow and mourning shall flee away. Isaiah 57:18 His ways I have seen, and I heal him, yea, I lead him, And recompense comforts to him and to his mourning ones. Isaiah 58:7 Is it not to deal to the hungry thy bread, And the mourning poor bring home, That thou seest the naked and cover him, And from thine own flesh hide not thyself? Isaiah 60:20 Your sun shall no more go down, neither shall your moon withdraw itself; for Yahweh will be your everlasting light, and the days of your mourning shall be ended. Isaiah 61:3 to appoint to those who mourn in Zion, to give to them a garland for ashes, the oil of joy for mourning, the garment of praise for the spirit of heaviness; that they may be called trees of righteousness, the planting of Yahweh, that he may be glorified. Isaiah 66:10 Rejoice ye with Jerusalem, And be glad in her, all ye loving her, Rejoice ye with her for joy, All ye are mourning for her, Jeremiah 6:26 O daughter of my people, gird thee with sackcloth, and wallow thyself in ashes: make thee mourning, as for an only son, most bitter lamentation: for the spoiler shall suddenly come upon us. Jeremiah 8:21 For the breach of the daughter of my people am I crushed; I go mourning; astonishment hath taken hold of me. Jeremiah 9:17 Thus says Yahweh of Armies, Consider, and call for the mourning women, that they may come; and send for the skillful women, that they may come: Jeremiah 14:2 Mourned hath Judah, and her gates have languished, They have mourned to the earth, And the cry of Jerusalem hath gone up. Jeremiah 16:5 For thus says Yahweh, Don't enter into the house of mourning, neither go to lament, neither bemoan them; for I have taken away my peace from this people, says Yahweh, even loving kindness and tender mercies. Jeremiah 16:7 neither shall men break bread for them in mourning, to comfort them for the dead; neither shall men give them the cup of consolation to drink for their father or for their mother. Jeremiah 31:13 Then shall the virgin rejoice in the dance, and the young men and the old together; for I will turn their mourning into joy, and will comfort them, and make them rejoice from their sorrow. Jeremiah 31:15 Thus says Yahweh: A voice is heard in Ramah, lamentation, and bitter weeping, Rachel weeping for her children; she refuses to be comforted for her children, because they are no more. Jeremiah 47:5 Baldness is come on Gaza; Ashkelon is brought to nothing, the remnant of their valley: how long will you cut yourself? Jeremiah 48:38 On all the housetops of Moab and in its streets there is lamentation every where; for I have broken Moab like a vessel in which none delights, says Yahweh. Lamentations 1:4 The ways of Zion are mourning, Without any coming at the appointed time, All her gates are desolate, her priests sigh, Her virgins are afflicted -- and she hath bitterness. Lamentations 2:5 The Lord is become as an enemy, he has swallowed up Israel; He has swallowed up all her palaces, he has destroyed his strongholds; He has multiplied in the daughter of Judah mourning and lamentation. Lamentations 3:19 Remember my affliction and my mourning, Wormwood and gall! Lamentations 5:15 The joy of our heart is ceased; Our dance is turned into mourning. Ezekiel 2:10 He spread it before me: and it was written within and without; and there were written therein lamentations, and mourning, and woe. Ezekiel 7:16 But they that escape of them shall escape, and shall be on the mountains like doves of the valleys, all of them mourning, every one for his iniquity. Ezekiel 8:14 Then he brought me to the door of the gate of Yahweh's house which was toward the north; and see, there sat the women weeping for Tammuz. Ezekiel 24:17 Sigh, but not aloud, make no mourning for the dead; bind your headdress on you, and put your shoes on your feet, and don't cover your lips, and don't eat men's bread. Ezekiel 27:31 and they shall make themselves bald for you, and gird them with sackcloth, and they shall weep for you in bitterness of soul with bitter mourning. Ezekiel 31:15 Thus says the Lord Yahweh: In the day when he went down to Sheol I caused a mourning: I covered the deep for him, and I restrained its rivers; and the great waters were stayed; and I caused Lebanon to mourn for him, and all the trees of the field fainted for him. Daniel 10:2 In those days I, Daniel, was mourning three whole weeks. Joel 1:9 Cut off hath been present and libation from the house of Jehovah, Mourned have the priests, ministrants of Jehovah. Joel 2:12 "Yet even now," says Yahweh, "turn to me with all your heart, and with fasting, and with weeping, and with mourning." Amos 5:16 Therefore thus says Yahweh, the God of Armies, the Lord: "Wailing will be in all the broad ways; and they will say in all the streets,'Alas! Alas!' and they will call the farmer to mourning, and those who are skillful in lamentation to wailing. Amos 8:10 I will turn your feasts into mourning, and all your songs into lamentation; and I will make you wear sackcloth on all your bodies, and baldness on every head. I will make it like the mourning for an only son, and its end like a bitter day. Micah 1:8 Therefore I will wail and howl, I will go stripped and naked: I will make a wailing like the dragons, and mourning as the owls. Micah 1:11 Pass ye away, thou inhabitant of Saphir, having thy shame naked: the inhabitant of Zaanan came not forth in the mourning of Bethezel; he shall receive of you his standing. Micah 1:16 Shave your heads, and cut off your hair for the children of your delight. Enlarge your baldness like the vulture; for they have gone into captivity from you! Zechariah 7:6 When ye fasted with mourning in the fifth and in the seventh 'months' -- even these seventy years -- did ye keep the fast 'to' Me -- Me? And when ye eat, and when ye drink, is it not ye who are eating, and ye who are drinking? Zechariah 12:10 And I have poured on the house of David, And on the inhabitant of Jerusalem, A spirit of grace and supplications, And they have looked unto Me whom they pierced, And they have mourned over it, Like a mourning over the only one, And they have been in bitterness for it, Like a bitterness over the first-born. Zechariah 12:11 In that day there will be a great mourning in Jerusalem, like the mourning of Hadadrimmon in the valley of Megiddon. Malachi 3:14 Ye have said: 'It is vain to serve God; and what profit is it that we have kept His charge, and that we have walked mournfully because of the LORD of hosts? Subtopics Mourning for Calamities and Other Sorrows: Ripping the Garments Mourning for Nadab and Abihu Forbidden Mourning for the Dead: Cutting the Flesh Mourning for the Dead: Fasting Mourning for the Dead: Head Uncovered Mourning for the Dead: Lamentations Mourning for the Dead: Lying on the Ground Mourning for the Dead: Personal Appearance Neglected Mourning: Abraham Mourned for Sarah Mourning: Ashes Put on the Head Mourning: Caused Ceremonial Defilement Mourning: Covering: The Head and the Face Mourning: Covering: The Upper Lip Mourning: Cutting or Plucking off the Hair and Beard Mourning: David's Lamentations Over: The Death of Abner Mourning: David's Lamentations Over: The Death of Absalom Mourning: David's Lamentations Over: The Death of Saul and his Sons Mourning: Jeremiah and the Singing Men and Singing Women Lament for Josiah Mourning: Laying Aside Ornaments Mourning: Laying the Hand on the Head Mourning: Prevented offerings from Being Accepted Mourning: Priests Prohibited, Except for the Nearest of Kin Mourning: Sitting on the Ground Mourning: The Egyptians Mourned for Jacob for Seventy Days Mourning: The Israelites Mourned for Aaron for Thirty Days Mourning: Wearing Mourning Clothes Related Terms Mourning-feast (2 Occurrences) Threshing-floor (36 Occurrences) Links Bible Concordance • Bible Dictionary • Bible Encyclopedia • Topical Bible • Bible Thesuarus |
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