Then
The word "then" serves as a transitional term, indicating a continuation of events. In the Greek, it is often translated from "καί" (kai), which can mean "and" or "then," suggesting a sequence of actions. This word connects the narrative to the preceding events, emphasizing the ongoing ministry of Jesus and the growing attention He was receiving from religious leaders.

the Pharisees
The Pharisees were a prominent Jewish sect known for their strict adherence to the Law and oral traditions. The Greek term "Φαρισαῖοι" (Pharisaioi) is derived from a Hebrew word meaning "separated." Historically, the Pharisees were influential in shaping Jewish religious life, emphasizing purity and the observance of the Torah. Their presence in this verse highlights the religious tension between Jesus and the established Jewish authorities.

and some of the scribes
Scribes, or "γραμματεῖς" (grammateis) in Greek, were experts in the Law, often serving as teachers and interpreters of the Scriptures. They were highly respected for their knowledge and played a crucial role in Jewish society. Their involvement in this scene underscores the significance of the encounter, as they were often aligned with the Pharisees in challenging Jesus' teachings.

who had come from Jerusalem
Jerusalem was the religious and political center of Jewish life, home to the Temple and the Sanhedrin. The phrase "who had come from Jerusalem" indicates that these Pharisees and scribes were likely sent as official representatives to investigate Jesus. This highlights the growing concern among Jewish leaders about Jesus' influence and the potential threat He posed to their authority.

gathered around Jesus
The act of gathering around Jesus, "συνάγονται" (synagontai) in Greek, suggests a deliberate and possibly confrontational approach. This phrase sets the stage for the ensuing dialogue and conflict. It reflects the increasing scrutiny Jesus faced as His teachings and actions challenged traditional interpretations of the Law and religious practices.

and they saw
The Greek word for "saw" is "θεωρέω" (theōreō), which implies more than just a casual glance. It suggests a scrutinizing observation, often with a critical or judgmental intent. In the context of this passage, the Pharisees and scribes were not merely observing; they were looking for faults, indicative of their ongoing opposition to Jesus' ministry. This highlights the tension between Jesus and the religious leaders, who were more concerned with external appearances than with the heart.

some of His disciples
The mention of "some" indicates that not all of Jesus' disciples were involved in this particular incident. This detail underscores the individuality within the group of disciples and suggests that the Pharisees were targeting specific behaviors rather than condemning the entire group. The disciples, as followers of Jesus, were often under scrutiny, reflecting the broader societal tensions between Jesus' teachings and traditional Jewish customs.

eating with hands that were defiled
The term "defiled" comes from the Greek "κοινός" (koinos), meaning common or unclean. In Jewish tradition, ceremonial cleanliness was crucial, and eating with unwashed hands was considered a violation of these purity laws. This phrase highlights the Pharisees' focus on ritual purity, which they equated with spiritual purity. However, Jesus often challenged this notion, emphasizing the importance of inner purity over external rituals.

that is, unwashed
The clarification "that is, unwashed" serves to explain the cultural and religious context to the reader. The practice of handwashing was not about hygiene but about ritual purity, rooted in traditions that had developed over time. This phrase points to the oral traditions that had become as authoritative as the written Law in the eyes of the Pharisees. Jesus' response to this situation would later reveal His teaching that true defilement comes from within, not from external practices.

For the Pharisees and all the Jews
This phrase sets the stage by identifying the primary subjects of the verse. The Pharisees were a prominent religious group in Judaism during the time of Jesus, known for their strict adherence to the Law and oral traditions. Historically, the Pharisees were influential in shaping Jewish religious practices and were often seen as the guardians of Jewish law. The phrase "all the Jews" indicates that this practice was widespread, not limited to the Pharisees alone. It reflects a cultural norm deeply embedded in Jewish society, emphasizing the collective nature of these traditions.

do not eat unless they wash their hands ceremonially
The act of washing hands ceremonially before eating was not merely about physical cleanliness but was a ritual purification. The Greek word used here, "νίπτω" (nipto), implies a specific type of washing that is ritualistic in nature. This practice was rooted in the Jewish oral traditions, which were later codified in the Mishnah. The ceremonial washing was a symbolic act of purification, reflecting a desire to maintain spiritual cleanliness and separation from anything considered unclean. It underscores the importance placed on ritual purity in Jewish religious life.

holding to the tradition of the elders
This phrase highlights the source of the practice: the "tradition of the elders." These traditions were oral laws and interpretations passed down through generations, eventually forming the basis of the Talmud. The Greek word "παράδοσις" (paradosis) refers to something handed down or transmitted. In this context, it signifies the weight and authority these traditions held in Jewish society. From a conservative Christian perspective, this phrase serves as a reminder of the potential pitfalls of elevating human traditions to the level of divine commandments. It calls believers to discern between God's eternal Word and human traditions, ensuring that the latter do not overshadow the former.

And on returning from the market
This phrase highlights the daily life and practices of the Jewish people during the time of Jesus. The market was a bustling place where people from various backgrounds and beliefs gathered. The Jews, concerned with ritual purity, believed that contact with Gentiles or unclean items could defile them. The Greek word for "market" (ἀγορά, agora) refers to a public space for commerce and social interaction. This setting underscores the cultural and religious tensions between maintaining purity and engaging with the broader society.

they do not eat unless they wash
The act of washing before eating was not merely about physical cleanliness but was deeply rooted in ritual purity. The Greek word for "wash" (βαπτίζω, baptizō) is related to the concept of baptism, indicating a ceremonial cleansing. This practice was part of the oral traditions that the Pharisees and scribes upheld, emphasizing the importance of external rituals in maintaining holiness. It reflects the broader theme in Mark 7 of contrasting human traditions with the heart of God's commandments.

And there are many other traditions for them to observe
This phrase points to the extensive body of oral traditions that had developed over time, known as the "tradition of the elders." These traditions were meant to act as a "fence" around the Torah, ensuring that the Law was not inadvertently broken. However, Jesus often critiqued these traditions for overshadowing the core intent of God's commandments. The Greek word for "traditions" (παράδοσις, paradosis) implies teachings handed down, highlighting the tension between human customs and divine law.

including the washing of cups, pitchers, kettles, and couches
This detailed list of items emphasizes the meticulous nature of the purity laws. Each object mentioned—cups, pitchers, kettles, and couches—had specific purification rituals associated with it. The Greek terms used here (e.g., ποτήριον for "cups," ξέστης for "pitchers") reflect everyday household items, indicating that these traditions permeated all aspects of daily life. The mention of "couches" (κλινῶν, klinōn) is particularly interesting, as it suggests a concern for purity even in areas related to rest and social interaction. This comprehensive approach to ritual purity underscores the Pharisees' commitment to holiness but also sets the stage for Jesus' teaching on the true nature of defilement, which is a matter of the heart rather than external observance.

So the Pharisees and scribes questioned Jesus
The Pharisees and scribes were religious leaders and experts in Jewish law. Their questioning of Jesus reflects a common theme in the Gospels, where these leaders often challenge Jesus' teachings and actions. The Greek word for "questioned" (ἐπερωτάω, eperōtaō) implies a formal inquiry, suggesting that the Pharisees and scribes were not merely curious but were seeking to challenge or trap Jesus. Historically, the Pharisees were known for their strict adherence to the law and traditions, which they believed were essential for maintaining purity and holiness. This encounter highlights the tension between Jesus' teachings and the established religious norms of the time.

Why do Your disciples not walk according to the tradition of the elders?
The phrase "walk according to" (περιπατέω, peripateō) is a common biblical metaphor for living or conducting one's life. The "tradition of the elders" refers to the oral traditions and interpretations of the law that had been passed down through generations. These traditions were highly esteemed by the Pharisees and scribes, who believed they were necessary to properly interpret and apply the written law. The question posed by the Pharisees and scribes reveals their concern for maintaining these traditions, which they saw as a safeguard for religious purity. However, Jesus often challenged these traditions, emphasizing the heart and spirit of the law over rigid adherence to human customs.

Instead, they eat with defiled hands
The term "defiled" (κοινός, koinos) in this context refers to ritual impurity, not physical dirtiness. The Jewish tradition included various ceremonial washings to ensure purity before eating, especially for those who were religiously observant. The Pharisees viewed these washings as essential to maintaining holiness and separation from anything considered unclean. By highlighting the disciples' failure to perform these washings, the Pharisees and scribes were accusing them of neglecting important religious practices. This accusation sets the stage for Jesus' teaching on the true nature of purity, which He explains is not about external rituals but the condition of the heart. This teaching challenges the prevailing religious mindset and calls believers to focus on inner transformation rather than mere outward conformity.

Jesus answered them
The phrase "Jesus answered them" indicates a direct response from Jesus to the Pharisees and scribes. In the Greek, the word for "answered" (ἀποκριθεὶς) suggests a thoughtful and authoritative reply. Jesus, as the Son of God, speaks with divine authority, addressing the religious leaders who were questioning His disciples' practices. This sets the stage for a profound teaching moment, where Jesus challenges the superficial religiosity of the Pharisees.

Isaiah prophesied correctly
Here, Jesus references the prophet Isaiah, affirming the accuracy and divine inspiration of the Old Testament. The Greek word for "prophesied" (ἐπροφήτευσεν) implies speaking forth the mind and counsel of God. By invoking Isaiah, Jesus connects His critique of the Pharisees to a longstanding tradition of prophetic truth, emphasizing that their behavior was foreseen and condemned by God through His prophets.

about you hypocrites
The term "hypocrites" (ὑποκριταί) in Greek originally referred to actors who wore masks. Jesus uses it to describe the Pharisees' outward show of piety that masks their inner spiritual emptiness. This word choice highlights the disconnect between their external religious observance and their internal spiritual state, a theme that resonates throughout Jesus' teachings.

as it is written
This phrase underscores the authority of Scripture. The Greek (καθὼς γέγραπται) indicates something that has been permanently recorded. Jesus appeals to the written Word of God as the ultimate standard, reinforcing the idea that true faithfulness to God is measured by adherence to His Word, not human traditions.

These people honor Me with their lips
The phrase "honor Me with their lips" points to a superficial form of worship. The Greek word for "honor" (τιμῶσιν) suggests giving value or reverence. However, this honor is only verbal, lacking the sincerity and depth that true worship requires. It serves as a warning against empty rituals that do not reflect a genuine relationship with God.

but their hearts are far from Me
The contrast between "lips" and "hearts" is central to Jesus' critique. The heart (καρδία) in biblical terms represents the core of a person's being, including their will, emotions, and intellect. The phrase "are far from Me" (πόρρω ἀπέχει) indicates a significant spiritual distance. Despite their religious appearances, the Pharisees' hearts are not aligned with God's will, highlighting the importance of inner devotion over external conformity.

They worship Me in vain
The phrase "They worship Me in vain" is a powerful indictment of empty religious practices. The Greek word for "vain" is "μάτην" (matēn), which implies futility or emptiness. This suggests that the worship being offered is devoid of true reverence or connection to God. Historically, this reflects the practices of the Pharisees and scribes, who were criticized by Jesus for their focus on external rituals rather than genuine devotion. The essence of worship, from a conservative Christian perspective, is to honor God with sincerity and truth, as emphasized in John 4:24, where worship must be "in spirit and truth."

they teach as doctrine
The phrase "they teach as doctrine" highlights the elevation of human traditions to the level of divine commandments. The Greek word "διδάσκοντες" (didaskontes) means "teaching," and it underscores the authoritative manner in which these precepts are presented. In the historical context, the religious leaders of Jesus' time often placed their interpretations and traditions on par with Scripture, leading to a distortion of God's intended message. This serves as a cautionary reminder to prioritize the teachings of the Bible over human interpretations or additions.

the precepts of men
The term "precepts of men" refers to human traditions and rules that have been elevated to the status of divine law. The Greek word "ἐντάλματα" (entalmata) means "commands" or "precepts," and it is used here to describe man-made regulations. In the context of Mark 7, Jesus is addressing the Pharisees' and scribes' tendency to prioritize their traditions over God's commandments. This critique is a call to return to the purity of God's Word, ensuring that human traditions do not overshadow or replace the divine truths found in Scripture. From a conservative Christian viewpoint, this emphasizes the importance of adhering to biblical teachings and being wary of allowing cultural or traditional practices to take precedence over God's commands.

You have disregarded
The Greek word used here is "ἀφέντες" (aphentes), which means to let go, send away, or neglect. This word choice indicates a deliberate action of setting aside or abandoning something of importance. In the context of this verse, it highlights the conscious decision by the Pharisees and scribes to prioritize human traditions over divine commandments. This serves as a cautionary reminder for believers to remain vigilant in upholding God's Word above all else.

the commandment of God
The term "commandment" comes from the Greek "ἐντολή" (entolē), which refers to an authoritative prescription or directive. In the Jewish context, this would primarily refer to the Torah, the first five books of the Old Testament, which contain God's laws given to Moses. The emphasis here is on the divine origin and authority of these commandments, underscoring their eternal and unchanging nature. This phrase challenges Christians to reflect on the supremacy of God's Word in their lives and to ensure that it remains the ultimate guide for faith and practice.

to keep
The Greek word "κρατεῖν" (kratein) means to hold fast, retain, or cling to. This implies a strong, intentional effort to maintain or preserve something. In this context, it suggests that the Pharisees and scribes were actively holding onto human traditions with a firm grip, perhaps even with more zeal than they applied to God's commandments. This serves as a warning against allowing human customs or rituals to overshadow or replace the foundational truths of Scripture.

the tradition of men
The word "tradition" is translated from the Greek "παράδοσις" (paradosis), which refers to teachings or practices handed down from one generation to another. In the historical context of first-century Judaism, these traditions included oral laws and interpretations developed by religious leaders over time. While traditions can provide valuable cultural and historical context, this phrase highlights the danger of elevating human traditions to a level of authority equal to or greater than God's commandments. It calls believers to discernment, ensuring that their faith is rooted in Scripture rather than in human inventions or interpretations.

He went on to say
This phrase indicates a continuation of Jesus' discourse, emphasizing His role as a teacher and prophet. In the context of Mark 7, Jesus is addressing the Pharisees and scribes, who were religious leaders of the time. His authority to speak on matters of faith and practice is rooted in His divine nature, as the Son of God. Historically, Jesus often used direct and challenging language to confront the religious leaders, highlighting His mission to reveal the true heart of God's law.

You neatly set aside
The Greek word for "set aside" is "atheteō," which means to reject or nullify. This phrase suggests a deliberate action by the Pharisees to disregard God's commandments. The use of "neatly" implies a calculated and careful approach, indicating that the Pharisees were not merely ignorant but intentionally choosing their traditions over God's commands. This reflects a broader theme in the Gospels where Jesus criticizes the religious leaders for their hypocrisy and legalism.

the command of God
This phrase refers to the divine laws given by God, particularly those found in the Torah. The "command of God" is not just a set of rules but a reflection of God's character and His covenant with His people. In the historical context, the Pharisees were known for their strict adherence to the law, yet Jesus points out that their focus on human traditions often led them to violate the very commands they claimed to uphold. This highlights the tension between human tradition and divine commandment, a central theme in Jesus' teachings.

to maintain your own tradition
The word "tradition" comes from the Greek "paradosis," meaning something handed down. In this context, it refers to the oral traditions and interpretations developed by the Jewish leaders over generations. These traditions were meant to safeguard the law but often became burdensome and overshadowed the original intent of God's commands. Jesus' critique is not of tradition itself but of the elevation of human tradition above God's word. This serves as a warning to believers to prioritize God's commands over human customs, ensuring that their faith remains rooted in Scripture rather than cultural or religious practices.

For Moses said
This phrase establishes the authority of the Mosaic Law, which is foundational to Jewish religious and cultural identity. Moses, as the lawgiver, is a central figure in the Old Testament, and his words carry divine authority. The Greek word for "said" (εἶπεν, eipen) indicates a definitive statement, underscoring the enduring nature of the commandments given through Moses. This introduction sets the stage for Jesus' critique of the Pharisees' traditions, contrasting human traditions with divine commandments.

‘Honor your father and your mother,’
This commandment is the fifth of the Ten Commandments, found in Exodus 20:12 and Deuteronomy 5:16. The Greek word for "honor" (τίμα, tima) implies a deep respect and value, going beyond mere obedience to include care and provision. In the historical context, honoring parents was crucial for the stability and continuity of family and society. This commandment is unique as it comes with a promise of long life and prosperity, highlighting its importance in God's covenant with Israel.

and, ‘Anyone who curses his father or mother
The word "curses" (κακολογῶν, kakologon) in Greek conveys a sense of speaking evil or reviling. This is a serious offense in the biblical context, reflecting a heart of rebellion and disrespect. In ancient Israel, the family unit was the cornerstone of society, and maintaining respect within the family was essential for communal harmony. The gravity of this sin is underscored by the severe consequence that follows.

must be put to death.’
This phrase reflects the severity of the Mosaic Law in dealing with rebellion and disrespect within the family. The death penalty for cursing one's parents, as stated in Exodus 21:17 and Leviticus 20:9, underscores the seriousness with which God views the family structure. In the historical context, such laws served as a deterrent to maintain order and reverence within the community. From a conservative Christian perspective, this highlights the holiness and justice of God, as well as the need for grace through Christ, who fulfills the law and offers forgiveness and transformation.

But you say
This phrase introduces a contrast between the teachings of Jesus and the traditions upheld by the Pharisees and scribes. The "you" refers to the religious leaders who were challenging Jesus. In the Greek, "you say" (ὑμεῖς λέγετε) emphasizes the authority they claimed in interpreting the law, yet Jesus highlights their deviation from God's commandments. This sets the stage for a critique of human traditions that override divine law.

that if a man says
This conditional phrase introduces a hypothetical scenario that was likely a common practice at the time. The Greek word for "says" (εἴπῃ) implies a declaration or vow, which was a serious matter in Jewish culture. Vows were binding and considered sacred, reflecting the importance of one's word and commitment in ancient society.

to his father or mother
The mention of "father or mother" directly ties this teaching to the commandment to honor one's parents, found in Exodus 20:12. In Jewish tradition, honoring parents included providing for them in their old age. The family unit was central to Jewish life, and this responsibility was both a social and religious duty.

‘Whatever you would have received from me
This phrase indicates the support or assistance that parents would expect from their children. In the cultural context, children were expected to care for their aging parents, providing financial and material support. This expectation was not only a social norm but also a fulfillment of the commandment to honor one's parents.

is Corban’
The term "Corban" (Κορβᾶν) is of Hebrew origin, meaning a gift or offering dedicated to God. By declaring something as Corban, a person could effectively withhold resources from their parents under the guise of religious devotion. This practice is critiqued by Jesus as it allowed individuals to neglect their familial responsibilities while appearing pious.

(that is, a gift committed to God)
This explanatory note clarifies the meaning of Corban for the audience. It underscores the tension between genuine religious devotion and the misuse of religious practices to circumvent moral obligations. The phrase highlights the danger of legalism, where the letter of the law is followed but the spirit is ignored.

he is no longer permitted
This phrase indicates a prohibition or restriction that has been imposed. In the context of Mark 7, Jesus is addressing the Pharisees and scribes who have allowed traditions to override God's commandments. The Greek word for "permitted" is "apheími," which can mean to send away, leave alone, or let go. This suggests a deliberate action of setting aside responsibilities. Historically, the Pharisees had developed traditions that sometimes contradicted the Law of Moses, and Jesus is highlighting how these traditions have led to neglecting the care of one's parents, which is a direct violation of the commandment to honor one's father and mother.

to do anything
The phrase "to do anything" underscores the totality of the restriction. The Greek word "poieó" means to make or do, indicating any form of action or support. This reflects the comprehensive nature of the obligation that is being neglected. In the cultural context of the time, familial support was not just a moral duty but a societal expectation. The Pharisees' tradition of "Corban" allowed individuals to dedicate resources to God, which could then be withheld from supporting their parents, thus nullifying their familial responsibilities.

for his father or mother
This phrase directly references the commandment to honor one's parents, which is deeply rooted in Jewish law and tradition. The Greek words "patér" and "métér" are used here, emphasizing the personal and relational aspect of the commandment. In the historical context, the family unit was central to Jewish life, and caring for one's parents was a sacred duty. By allowing traditions to override this commandment, the Pharisees were undermining the very fabric of societal and religious life. Jesus' critique is not just about legalism but about the heart of God's law, which is love and respect for family.

Thus you nullify
The Greek word for "nullify" is "ἀκυρόω" (akyroō), which means to make void or to invalidate. In this context, Jesus is addressing the Pharisees and scribes, highlighting how their traditions have effectively canceled out the authority and intent of God's commandments. This serves as a cautionary reminder that human traditions, when elevated above divine instruction, can lead to spiritual blindness and disobedience.

the word of God
The "word of God" refers to the divine commandments and teachings found in the Scriptures. In the Jewish context, this would primarily be the Torah, which was given to guide the people in righteousness and holiness. The phrase underscores the authority and sacredness of God's instructions, which are meant to be followed with reverence and not overshadowed by human customs.

by your tradition
The term "tradition" comes from the Greek "παράδοσις" (paradosis), meaning a handing down or transmission of customs and beliefs. Jesus criticizes the religious leaders for allowing their man-made traditions to take precedence over God's commandments. This serves as a warning against the dangers of legalism and the elevation of human rules above divine truth.

that you have handed down
The phrase "handed down" implies a transmission from one generation to the next. The religious leaders were perpetuating practices that were not rooted in Scripture but were instead based on human interpretation and additions. This highlights the responsibility of each generation to discern and uphold the true teachings of God rather than blindly following inherited customs.

And you do many things like that
This statement broadens the scope of Jesus' critique, indicating that the issue of nullifying God's word through tradition was not isolated but rather a common practice among the religious leaders. It serves as a call for self-examination and repentance, urging believers to align their lives with the true essence of God's word rather than being bound by empty rituals.

Once again Jesus called the crowd to Him
This phrase indicates a recurring action by Jesus, emphasizing His role as a teacher and leader. The Greek word for "called" (προσκαλέω, proskaleō) suggests an invitation or summons, highlighting Jesus' authority and the importance of His message. Historically, Jesus often taught in public spaces, drawing crowds eager to hear His teachings. This setting underscores the accessibility of Jesus' message to all who are willing to listen, reflecting the inclusive nature of His ministry.

and said
The act of speaking here is significant. The Greek word used for "said" (λέγω, legō) implies a deliberate and purposeful communication. Jesus' words are not casual; they are intentional and carry weight. In the context of the Gospels, when Jesus speaks, it is often to reveal divine truth or to correct misunderstandings, emphasizing the importance of His teachings.

All of you
This phrase is inclusive, indicating that Jesus' message is meant for everyone present, not just a select few. The Greek word for "all" (πάντες, pantes) reinforces the universality of His message. In a broader scriptural context, this reflects the Christian belief that the Gospel is for all people, transcending cultural, social, and religious boundaries.

listen to Me
The command to "listen" (ἀκούω, akouō) is more than just hearing; it implies understanding and obedience. In the Jewish tradition, listening is closely tied to the Shema (Deuteronomy 6:4), which calls for attentive and obedient listening to God. Jesus is positioning Himself as the authoritative voice of God, deserving of the same attentive listening.

and understand
The Greek word for "understand" (συνίημι, syniēmi) involves comprehending and internalizing the message. Jesus is not merely asking for passive listening but for active engagement with His teachings. This call to understanding is a recurring theme in Jesus' ministry, where He often challenges His listeners to go beyond surface-level hearing to a deeper, transformative comprehension of His words.

Nothing that enters a man from the outside
This phrase challenges the prevailing Jewish customs of Jesus' time, which emphasized ritual purity and dietary laws. The Greek word for "nothing" (οὐδέν) underscores the absolute nature of Jesus' statement, indicating that external factors, such as food or drink, do not possess the power to spiritually contaminate a person. Historically, the Jewish people adhered strictly to Levitical laws concerning clean and unclean foods (Leviticus 11). Jesus' teaching here marks a radical departure from these traditions, emphasizing a shift from external observance to internal purity.

can defile him
The term "defile" (κοινοῖ) in Greek conveys the idea of making something common or unclean. In the Jewish context, defilement was a serious concern, as it affected one's ability to participate in religious activities and community life. Jesus redefines the concept of defilement, suggesting that true impurity is not a matter of external adherence to laws but rather an issue of the heart and moral character. This teaching aligns with the prophetic tradition found in the Old Testament, where God desires mercy and a contrite heart over ritual sacrifice (Hosea 6:6).

but the things that come out of a man
Here, Jesus shifts the focus from external to internal, emphasizing that what truly defiles a person is not what they consume but what they produce from within. The Greek word for "come out" (ἐκπορεύεται) suggests an active process, indicating that defilement is a result of one's own actions and words. This teaching is consistent with the wisdom literature of the Old Testament, such as Proverbs, which often highlights the importance of guarding one's heart and speech (Proverbs 4:23).

these are what defile him
The repetition of the concept of defilement underscores its importance. Jesus is teaching that moral and spiritual impurity originates from within a person, from their thoughts, intentions, and actions. This internal focus is a call to self-examination and repentance, aligning with the broader biblical narrative that emphasizes the need for a transformed heart. The New Testament further elaborates on this theme, with Paul writing about the renewal of the mind and the fruit of the Spirit as evidence of a life aligned with God's will (Romans 12:2, Galatians 5:22-23).

If anyone
This phrase opens the verse with an invitation that is inclusive and universal. The Greek word used here is "εἴ τις" (ei tis), which implies an open call to all individuals without exception. It suggests that the message Jesus is about to convey is not limited to a specific group but is meant for every person. This aligns with the Christian belief that the Gospel is for all humanity, transcending cultural, social, and ethnic boundaries.

has ears
The reference to "ears" is metaphorical, emphasizing the ability to perceive and understand spiritual truths. In the biblical context, ears are often associated with the capacity to receive divine revelation. The Greek word "ὦτα" (ōta) is used here, which literally means physical ears, but symbolically it points to spiritual receptivity. This phrase challenges the listener to go beyond mere physical hearing to a deeper, spiritual comprehension.

to hear
The verb "hear" in Greek is "ἀκούειν" (akouein), which means more than just auditory reception. It implies understanding, accepting, and acting upon what is heard. In the biblical tradition, hearing is closely linked to obedience. This reflects the Jewish Shema, a central declaration of faith found in Deuteronomy 6:4, which begins with "Hear, O Israel." Thus, hearing is not passive but an active engagement with God's word.

let him hear
This imperative phrase is a call to action. The Greek "ἀκουέτω" (akouetō) is a command that urges the listener to pay attention and respond. It is a common expression used by Jesus to emphasize the importance of his teachings. Historically, this reflects the oral culture of the time, where listening was a primary means of learning and instruction. Spiritually, it is an exhortation to be open to the transformative power of God's message.

After Jesus had left the crowd
This phrase indicates a transition from a public setting to a more private one. The Greek word for "left" (ἀφίημι, aphiemi) can also mean to send away or dismiss, suggesting a deliberate action by Jesus to withdraw from the multitude. This reflects a common pattern in Jesus' ministry where He often retreats from the crowds to engage in more intimate teaching with His disciples. Historically, this movement from public to private settings underscores the importance of personal discipleship and the deeper revelations that Jesus shared with His closest followers.

and gone into the house
The "house" here is significant as it represents a place of refuge and deeper learning. In the cultural context of the time, a house was not just a physical structure but a place of familial intimacy and instruction. The Greek word for "house" (οἶκος, oikos) can also imply a household or family, suggesting that Jesus was creating a familial bond with His disciples. This setting allows for a more focused and personal interaction, away from the distractions of the crowd.

His disciples inquired
The act of inquiring indicates a desire for understanding and clarity. The Greek word used here (ἐπερωτάω, eperōtaō) implies a questioning or seeking after knowledge. This reflects the disciples' role as learners and their recognition of Jesus as their teacher. It also highlights the importance of asking questions in the pursuit of spiritual growth and understanding. Historically, this inquisitive nature of the disciples is a model for believers to seek deeper insights into the teachings of Christ.

about the parable
The term "parable" (παραβολή, parabolē) refers to a simple account used to illustrate a moral or spiritual lesson. Jesus often used parables to convey profound truths in a way that was accessible yet required contemplation. In the Jewish tradition, parables were a common teaching tool, and Jesus' use of them connects Him to the wisdom tradition of the Old Testament. The disciples' inquiry about the parable shows their recognition of the depth of Jesus' teachings and their need for further explanation to grasp the spiritual truths being conveyed.

Do you still not understand?
This phrase reflects Jesus' gentle rebuke and teaching moment with His disciples. The Greek word for "understand" is "νοέω" (noeō), which means to perceive or comprehend. Jesus is addressing the disciples' lack of spiritual insight. Historically, the disciples often struggled to grasp the deeper meanings of Jesus' teachings, which were sometimes veiled in parables or counter-cultural truths. This question invites believers to seek deeper spiritual understanding and discernment, emphasizing the importance of moving beyond surface-level interpretations of spiritual truths.

He asked
The act of asking here is significant. Jesus often used questions to provoke thought and self-reflection. The Greek word "λέγω" (legō) is used, which means to say or speak. This method of teaching is consistent with rabbinic traditions where questions are used to engage students actively. It highlights Jesus' role as a teacher who desires His followers to engage with His teachings actively and thoughtfully.

Do you not see
The phrase "do you not see" uses the Greek word "βλέπω" (blepō), which means to see or perceive. This is not just about physical sight but spiritual insight. Jesus is urging His disciples to look beyond the physical and understand the spiritual implications of His teachings. This call to perception is a reminder for believers to seek spiritual clarity and wisdom, recognizing that true understanding often requires looking beyond the obvious.

that nothing that enters a man from the outside
Here, Jesus challenges the prevailing Jewish purity laws that focused on external rituals and dietary restrictions. The phrase emphasizes the distinction between external actions and internal purity. Historically, Jewish customs were deeply rooted in the Torah, where dietary laws were a significant aspect of religious life. Jesus is redirecting the focus from external adherence to internal transformation, a theme that resonates throughout His ministry.

can defile him?
The word "defile" comes from the Greek "κοινόω" (koinoō), meaning to make common or unclean. In the Jewish context, defilement was a serious concern, often associated with ritual impurity. Jesus is teaching that true defilement is not about external factors but the condition of the heart. This revolutionary idea shifts the focus from ritual purity to moral and spiritual integrity, encouraging believers to prioritize inner holiness over external conformity.

For it does not enter his heart
The "heart" in biblical terms often represents the center of human will, emotions, and spiritual life. In Greek, the word used is "καρδία" (kardia), which is not just the physical organ but the seat of moral and spiritual life. Jesus emphasizes that external things, like food, do not defile a person spiritually because they do not penetrate the heart, the core of one's being. This highlights the distinction between physical and spiritual purity, a theme that resonates throughout Scripture, emphasizing that true defilement comes from within, from the intentions and thoughts of the heart.

but it goes into the stomach
The "stomach" here is a reference to the physical process of digestion. The Greek word "κοιλία" (koilia) is used, which literally means the belly or the digestive tract. Jesus is making a clear distinction between the physical and spiritual realms. The physical act of eating affects the body but not the soul. This separation underscores the teaching that spiritual purity is not about external rituals but about the internal state of a person.

and then is eliminated
The process of elimination, described in Greek as "ἀφεδρών" (aphedrōn), refers to the natural expulsion of waste from the body. This phrase completes the analogy of digestion, illustrating that what enters the body as food is temporary and ultimately expelled. This serves as a metaphor for the transient nature of physical impurities compared to the enduring nature of spiritual purity. Jesus uses this imagery to teach that spiritual defilement is not about what goes into the body but what comes out of the heart.

(In saying this, Jesus declared all foods clean.)
This parenthetical statement is a profound declaration of the new covenant's freedom from the ceremonial laws of the Old Testament. The Greek word for "clean" is "καθαρίζω" (katharizō), meaning to purify or cleanse. By declaring all foods clean, Jesus is not abolishing the law but fulfilling it, pointing to a deeper understanding of purity that transcends dietary restrictions. This statement anticipates the inclusion of Gentiles into the faith and the breaking down of barriers that separated Jews and Gentiles, emphasizing that true purity is a matter of the heart and faith in Christ. This teaching aligns with the broader New Testament message that salvation and righteousness come through faith in Jesus, not adherence to the law.

He continued
This phrase indicates that Jesus is persisting in His teaching, emphasizing the importance of His message. The Greek word used here, "λέγει" (legei), suggests a continuous action, showing that Jesus is not merely making a passing comment but is deeply engaged in instructing His listeners. This persistence underscores the significance of the teaching that follows, as Jesus seeks to correct misunderstandings about purity and defilement.

What comes out of a man
This phrase shifts the focus from external actions and rituals to the internal state of a person. In the Jewish context of Jesus' time, there was a strong emphasis on ceremonial cleanliness and dietary laws. However, Jesus is redirecting attention to the moral and spiritual condition of the heart. The Greek word "ἐκπορεύεται" (ekporeuetai) means "to go out" or "to proceed," indicating that the true source of defilement is not external but originates from within a person.

that is what defiles him
The term "defiles" is translated from the Greek word "κοινοῖ" (koinoi), which means to make common or unclean. In the Jewish tradition, defilement was often associated with breaking dietary laws or coming into contact with unclean things. However, Jesus is redefining defilement as a matter of the heart and moral character. This teaching aligns with the broader biblical narrative that emphasizes inner purity over external compliance. It challenges believers to examine their hearts and actions, recognizing that true holiness is a matter of internal transformation rather than mere outward observance.

For from within
This phrase emphasizes the internal origin of sin. In the Greek, "ἐκ τῆς καρδίας" (ek tēs kardias) suggests that the source of moral corruption is not external but resides deep within the human heart. This aligns with the biblical understanding that sin is not merely a matter of external actions but is rooted in the inner being. The heart, in biblical terms, is the center of thought, emotion, and will, indicating that sin is a fundamental issue of human nature.

the hearts of men
The term "hearts" (καρδία, kardia) in the biblical context refers to the core of a person's being, encompassing mind, will, and emotions. The "hearts of men" underscores the universality of sin, affecting all humanity. Historically, the heart was seen as the seat of life and moral decision-making. This phrase reminds us that every person is susceptible to sin, and it is only through divine intervention that the heart can be transformed.

come evil thoughts
"Evil thoughts" (διαλογισμοὶ κακοί, dialogismoi kakoi) are the deliberations and intentions that precede sinful actions. The Greek word "διαλογισμοί" suggests reasoning or debate within oneself, indicating that sin often begins with internal rationalization. This highlights the importance of guarding one's mind and being vigilant against the seeds of sin that can grow into actions.

sexual immorality
The Greek word here is "πορνεῖαι" (porneiai), which encompasses a range of illicit sexual behaviors. In the historical context of the Bible, sexual immorality was a significant issue, often associated with idolatry and moral decay. This term serves as a warning against the pervasive nature of sexual sin and the need for purity in thought and action.

theft
"Theft" (κλοπαί, klopai) refers to taking what does not belong to oneself. In the biblical context, theft is not only a violation of another's property but also a breach of trust and community harmony. This word reminds believers of the importance of respecting others' rights and the call to live honestly and justly.

murder
"Murder" (φόνοι, phonoi) is the unlawful taking of a life, a grave sin that reflects the ultimate disregard for the sanctity of human life. In Scripture, murder is condemned as a direct violation of God's commandment and an affront to His image in humanity. This term underscores the value of life and the call to love and protect one another.

adultery
"Adultery" (μοιχεῖαι, moicheiai) involves breaking the marital covenant through infidelity. In biblical times, adultery was seen as a serious offense against both God and one's spouse. This word highlights the sanctity of marriage and the importance of faithfulness, reflecting God's covenantal relationship with His people.

Greed
The Greek word used here is "pleonexia," which denotes an insatiable desire for more, often at the expense of others. In a biblical context, greed is seen as idolatry (Colossians 3:5), where material possessions or wealth take precedence over God. Historically, greed has been a root cause of societal decay, as it leads individuals away from community and towards self-centeredness. The Bible consistently warns against the dangers of greed, urging believers to find contentment in God's provision.

Wickedness
The term "ponēria" in Greek refers to a state of moral corruption and evil intent. Wickedness is not just about actions but also the condition of the heart. In the scriptural narrative, wickedness is often contrasted with righteousness, highlighting the battle between good and evil. The Bible calls believers to shun wickedness and pursue holiness, reflecting God's character in their lives.

Deceit
The Greek word "dolos" implies cunning and treachery. Deceit is a distortion of truth, often used to manipulate or harm others. In the biblical context, deceit is condemned as it breaks trust and undermines relationships. Jesus, who is the Truth (John 14:6), calls His followers to live in honesty and integrity, reflecting His nature in a world often marred by deception.

Debauchery
"Aselgeia" in Greek refers to unrestrained indulgence in sensual pleasures. This term encompasses behaviors that are morally and ethically corrupt. In the historical context of the Roman Empire, debauchery was rampant, often associated with pagan rituals and excess. The Bible warns against such lifestyles, urging believers to live in self-control and purity, honoring God with their bodies (1 Corinthians 6:19-20).

Envy
The Greek word "phthonos" describes a feeling of discontent or covetousness towards another's possessions or success. Envy is destructive, leading to bitterness and strife. Scripturally, envy is seen as contrary to love, which rejoices in the well-being of others (1 Corinthians 13:4). Believers are encouraged to cultivate gratitude and contentment, recognizing that every good gift comes from God (James 1:17).

Slander
"Blasphemia" in Greek, often translated as slander, involves speaking falsely or maliciously about someone. Slander damages reputations and relationships, and is strongly condemned in Scripture. The Bible calls for speech that edifies and builds up others (Ephesians 4:29), reflecting the love and truth of Christ in all interactions.

Arrogance
The term "hyperēphania" in Greek signifies an attitude of superiority and pride. Arrogance is a sin that elevates self above others and even above God. Historically, arrogance has led to the downfall of individuals and nations, as pride goes before destruction (Proverbs 16:18). The Bible teaches humility, exemplified by Christ, who humbled Himself for our sake (Philippians 2:5-8).

Foolishness
"Aphrosynē" in Greek refers to a lack of understanding or wisdom. In the biblical sense, foolishness is not merely intellectual deficiency but a moral failing, often associated with rejecting God's wisdom. The Scriptures contrast the fool with the wise, urging believers to seek wisdom from God, who gives generously to all who ask (James 1:5). Foolishness leads to destructive paths, while wisdom leads to life and peace.

All these evils
The phrase "all these evils" refers to the list of sinful behaviors and attitudes Jesus enumerates in the preceding verses (Mark 7:21-22). In the Greek, the word for "evils" is "πονηρά" (ponēra), which encompasses not only actions but also the moral corruption that underlies them. This highlights the comprehensive nature of sin, suggesting that it is not merely external actions but internal dispositions that are contrary to God's holiness. Historically, this teaching would have been radical to a Jewish audience focused on ritual purity, emphasizing that true defilement is moral rather than ceremonial.

come from within
The phrase "come from within" underscores the source of sin as the human heart. The Greek word "ἔσωθεν" (esōthen) means "from the inside," indicating that the root of moral impurity is internal rather than external. This aligns with the biblical understanding of the heart as the center of human will and emotion (Jeremiah 17:9). Archaeologically, this teaching contrasts with the Pharisaic emphasis on external observance of the law, which often neglected the heart's condition. Jesus redirects the focus to internal transformation, a theme consistent throughout Scripture (Psalm 51:10).

and these are what defile a man
The phrase "and these are what defile a man" concludes Jesus' teaching by clarifying that true defilement is spiritual and moral, not physical or ritual. The Greek word for "defile" is "κοινοῦντα" (koinounta), which means to make common or unclean. In the historical context, Jewish law had numerous regulations about cleanliness, but Jesus emphasizes that spiritual defilement is of greater concern. This teaching aligns with the prophetic tradition that prioritizes inner righteousness over ritual compliance (Isaiah 1:11-17). It calls believers to seek purity of heart, echoing the Beatitudes' blessing on the pure in heart (Matthew 5:8).

Jesus left that place
The phrase indicates a deliberate movement by Jesus, suggesting a transition in His ministry. The Greek word for "left" (ἀναχωρέω, anachōreō) often implies a withdrawal or retreat, which can be seen as Jesus seeking solitude or a change in environment. This movement is significant as it shows Jesus' intentionality in His ministry, often moving to fulfill specific purposes or to teach His disciples in different contexts.

and went to the region of Tyre
Tyre was a significant Phoenician city, known for its wealth and commerce. Historically, it was a Gentile region, which is crucial in understanding the broader scope of Jesus' ministry. By entering a predominantly Gentile area, Jesus demonstrates the inclusivity of His message, foreshadowing the Great Commission where the Gospel is to be preached to all nations. This movement into Gentile territory highlights the breaking of traditional Jewish boundaries and the universal reach of Christ's mission.

He entered a house
The act of entering a house suggests a desire for privacy and perhaps rest. In the cultural context, a house was a place of refuge and hospitality. Jesus often used homes as places for teaching and intimate fellowship. This setting provides a backdrop for the personal and transformative encounters that often occur in the Gospels, emphasizing the personal nature of Jesus' ministry.

and did not want anyone to know it
This phrase indicates Jesus' desire for secrecy or privacy. The Greek word for "want" (θέλω, thelō) implies a strong intention or desire. This could reflect Jesus' need for rest, a strategic withdrawal to teach His disciples, or to avoid premature confrontation with authorities. It underscores the human aspect of Jesus, who, despite His divine mission, experienced the need for solitude and reflection.

but He could not escape notice
Despite His desire for privacy, Jesus' presence could not be hidden. This highlights the magnetic nature of His ministry and the deep spiritual hunger of the people. The phrase "could not escape notice" suggests the inevitability of His influence and the divine orchestration of His mission. It reflects the truth that the light of Christ cannot be hidden, as His presence naturally draws people to Him, fulfilling the prophetic anticipation of a Messiah who would be a light to the nations.

Instead
This word indicates a contrast to the previous context where Jesus was seeking solitude. It highlights the urgency and desperation of the situation. The Greek word "euthys" often conveys immediacy and action, underscoring the woman's determination to seek Jesus despite any obstacles.

a woman
In the cultural and historical context of the time, women often held a lower social status. The mention of "a woman" here is significant, as it demonstrates Jesus' willingness to engage with and minister to those whom society might overlook. This aligns with the broader biblical narrative of God’s inclusive love and grace.

whose little daughter
The phrase "little daughter" emphasizes the tender and vulnerable nature of the child. The Greek word "thygatrion" suggests a young girl, which evokes a sense of urgency and compassion. The mother’s love and desperation are palpable, driving her to seek help from Jesus.

had an unclean spirit
The term "unclean spirit" refers to a demonic presence or influence, which was a common understanding in the Jewish context of the time. The Greek word "akathartos" means impure or defiled, indicating a spiritual affliction that separated the girl from the community and from God’s holiness. This highlights the spiritual battle and the need for divine intervention.

immediately heard about Him
The immediacy of her response upon hearing about Jesus is captured by the Greek word "euthys," which conveys urgency. This reflects the widespread reputation of Jesus as a healer and miracle worker. Her faith is evident in her swift action, demonstrating belief in Jesus' power to heal.

and came
The act of coming to Jesus signifies a step of faith and courage. The Greek word "erchomai" implies movement towards someone with purpose. This movement is not just physical but also spiritual, as she approaches the source of hope and healing.

and fell at His feet
Falling at Jesus' feet is an act of worship, submission, and desperation. The Greek word "prospiptō" suggests a posture of humility and reverence. This act signifies her recognition of Jesus' authority and her total dependence on His mercy and power.

Now she was a Greek woman
The term "Greek" here is not merely a reference to ethnicity but also to cultural and religious identity. In the New Testament, "Greek" often refers to Gentiles, those outside the Jewish faith. The Greek word used is "Ἑλληνίς" (Hellēnis), indicating someone who is Hellenized, or influenced by Greek culture and language. This highlights the universality of Jesus' ministry, reaching beyond the Jewish people to include all nations, fulfilling the promise to Abraham that all nations would be blessed through his seed (Genesis 22:18).

of Syrophoenician origin
The Syrophoenician region was part of the Roman province of Syria, which included Phoenicia. This area was known for its pagan practices and idol worship, which would have been in stark contrast to Jewish monotheism. The mention of her origin emphasizes the cultural and religious barriers that Jesus was willing to cross. It also underscores the woman's desperation and faith, as she approaches a Jewish rabbi for help, despite the potential for rejection due to her background.

and she kept asking Him
The phrase "kept asking" is translated from the Greek "ἠρώτα" (ērōta), which is in the imperfect tense, indicating continuous action. This suggests persistence and determination in her request. Her repeated pleas demonstrate a deep faith and belief in Jesus' power to heal, reminiscent of the parable of the persistent widow in Luke 18:1-8. Her persistence is a model of faith for believers, showing the importance of perseverance in prayer.

to drive the demon out of her daughter
The request to "drive the demon out" reflects the spiritual warfare present in the Gospels. The Greek word for "drive out" is "ἐκβάλλω" (ekballō), meaning to expel or cast out with authority. This highlights Jesus' authority over evil spirits, a recurring theme in the Gospels. The woman's request also indicates her recognition of Jesus' divine authority and power, acknowledging Him as the one who can bring deliverance and healing. This act of faith is significant, as it shows her belief in Jesus' ability to transcend cultural and religious boundaries to bring about divine intervention.

But Jesus told her
This phrase introduces the response of Jesus to the Syrophoenician woman. The Greek word for "told" is "eipen," which implies a deliberate and thoughtful response. Jesus' words are not dismissive but are intended to provoke thought and faith. In the context of the Gospel of Mark, Jesus often uses dialogue to reveal deeper truths and challenge prevailing cultural norms.

First let the children have their fill
The term "children" here refers to the Israelites, God's chosen people. The Greek word "tekna" is used, emphasizing a familial relationship. Historically, the Jews were considered the initial recipients of God's covenant promises. Jesus' mission began with the Jews, fulfilling the prophecies and covenants of the Old Testament. The phrase "have their fill" suggests a priority in the divine plan, where the message of the Kingdom is first offered to Israel.

for it is not right
The Greek word "kalon" is translated as "right," meaning proper or fitting. This reflects the divine order and purpose in God's salvation history. Jesus is highlighting the appropriateness of His mission's initial focus on Israel, aligning with the prophetic tradition that salvation would come through the Jews.

to take the children’s bread
"Children’s bread" symbolizes the blessings and teachings of the Kingdom of God. Bread, in biblical terms, often represents sustenance and life. In the context of Jesus' ministry, it signifies the spiritual nourishment and truth offered through His teachings and miracles.

and toss it to the dogs
The term "dogs" in Greek is "kynaria," which refers to small dogs or household pets, rather than wild or unclean animals. This diminutive form softens the expression, indicating a distinction between the Jews and Gentiles in terms of covenantal priority, not worth or value. In the cultural context, Gentiles were often viewed as outsiders to the covenant community. However, Jesus' use of this term invites the woman to respond in faith, ultimately leading to the inclusion of Gentiles in the blessings of the Kingdom.

But she replied
This phrase introduces the response of the Syrophoenician woman to Jesus. The Greek word for "replied" is "ἀπεκρίθη" (apekrithē), which indicates a thoughtful and deliberate answer. This shows her determination and faith, as she engages in a respectful yet bold dialogue with Jesus. Her reply is not just a reaction but a demonstration of her understanding and faith in Jesus' power and mercy.

Yes, Lord
The woman's acknowledgment of Jesus as "Lord" (Greek: "Κύριε," Kyrie) is significant. It reflects her recognition of His authority and divinity, despite being a Gentile. This title is a confession of faith, showing her belief in Jesus' ability to heal and His sovereignty over all creation. Her use of "Yes" indicates agreement and submission to His prior statement, yet she persists in her request, demonstrating humility and faith.

even the dogs
In the cultural context of the time, "dogs" were often seen as unclean animals. The Greek word used here is "κυνάρια" (kynaria), which refers to small dogs or puppies, often household pets. This term softens the harshness of the metaphor, suggesting a sense of belonging and care even for those considered outsiders. The woman accepts her position but cleverly uses it to argue for her daughter's healing, showing her wit and faith.

under the table
This phrase paints a vivid picture of the setting, where children eat at the table, and dogs wait below for scraps. It symbolizes the hierarchy and order of blessings, with the Jews (children) receiving the first portion and the Gentiles (dogs) receiving what remains. The woman's acceptance of this order, yet her hope for even a small blessing, highlights her humility and understanding of God's grace.

eat the children’s crumbs
The imagery of "crumbs" signifies the overflow of God's blessings. The Greek word "ψιχία" (psichia) refers to small morsels or fragments. The woman’s faith is so great that she believes even the smallest portion of Jesus' power is sufficient for her need. This reflects the abundance of God's grace, where even the leftovers are powerful enough to bring healing and restoration. Her statement is a profound expression of faith, recognizing that God's mercy extends beyond cultural and ethnic boundaries.

Then Jesus told her
This phrase marks a pivotal moment in the narrative, where Jesus directly addresses the Syrophoenician woman. The Greek word for "told" is "eipen," which implies a definitive and authoritative statement. In the context of the Gospels, when Jesus speaks, it is with divine authority and purpose. This moment highlights the personal nature of Jesus' ministry, where He engages with individuals, regardless of their background or status. Historically, this encounter is significant as it demonstrates Jesus' willingness to break cultural and social barriers, speaking directly to a Gentile woman, which was unconventional for a Jewish rabbi of His time.

Because of this answer
The phrase "because of this answer" refers to the woman's previous response to Jesus, where she demonstrated humility and faith. The Greek word for "answer" is "logos," which can also mean "word" or "reason." This indicates that her response was not just a simple reply but a profound expression of faith and understanding. In the broader scriptural context, this highlights the importance of faith and the power of words. Her answer reflects a deep recognition of Jesus' authority and mercy, which is rewarded by His subsequent action.

you may go
Here, Jesus grants the woman permission to leave, signifying the completion of her request. The phrase "you may go" is a release, both physically and spiritually. In the Greek, "hupage" is used, which means to depart or go away. This is not just a dismissal but an assurance that her plea has been heard and answered. It reflects the transformative power of an encounter with Christ, where faith leads to liberation and peace.

the demon has left your daughter
This statement is a declaration of the miracle that has taken place. The Greek word for "demon" is "daimonion," which in the New Testament context often refers to evil spirits that afflict individuals. The phrase "has left" is in the perfect tense, indicating a completed action with ongoing effects. This signifies the authority of Jesus over spiritual realms, affirming His divine power to heal and deliver. The historical context of this miracle underscores Jesus' mission to bring salvation and restoration to all, transcending ethnic and cultural boundaries. This act of deliverance is a testament to the boundless reach of God's grace and the victory of Christ over evil.

And she went home
This phrase indicates the immediate action taken by the woman after her encounter with Jesus. The Greek word for "went" (ἀπῆλθεν) suggests a departure with purpose and intent. In the historical context, this reflects the faith and trust the woman had in Jesus' words. She did not linger or doubt but acted on the assurance given by Christ. Her journey home symbolizes a return to her place of responsibility and care, now with the hope of divine intervention.

and found her child
The word "found" (εὗρεν) implies discovery and realization. It is a moment of confirmation for the woman, who had believed in Jesus' power to heal. The use of "child" (παιδίον) emphasizes the innocence and vulnerability of the one afflicted. In the cultural context of the time, children were often seen as lesser in status, yet Jesus' miracle underscores the value and worth of every individual, regardless of age or societal standing.

lying on the bed
This phrase paints a picture of peace and rest. The Greek word for "lying" (βεβλημένον) suggests a state of being placed or set down, indicating that the child is no longer in distress. The "bed" (κλίνην) serves as a symbol of comfort and normalcy, contrasting with the turmoil previously caused by the demon. Historically, beds were simple and not as we know them today, yet they were places of rest and recovery, highlighting the complete restoration brought by Jesus.

and the demon was gone
The phrase "the demon was gone" (τὸ δαιμόνιον ἐξεληλυθός) is a powerful testament to the authority of Jesus over spiritual forces. The Greek word for "gone" (ἐξεληλυθός) indicates a complete and permanent departure. This reflects the biblical theme of Jesus' dominion over evil, as seen throughout the Gospels. The historical and scriptural context shows that demonic possession was a recognized affliction, and Jesus' ability to cast out demons affirmed His divine authority and mission to bring liberation and healing to those oppressed.

Then Jesus left the region of Tyre
The phrase begins with "Then," indicating a continuation of events. Jesus' departure from Tyre marks the end of His ministry in a predominantly Gentile area. Tyre, a significant Phoenician city, was known for its wealth and commerce. Historically, Tyre had a complex relationship with Israel, often seen as a symbol of pride and idolatry. Jesus' presence here underscores His mission to reach beyond Jewish boundaries, foreshadowing the Gospel's spread to all nations.

and went through Sidon
Sidon, another prominent Phoenician city north of Tyre, is mentioned here, though it seems geographically out of the way if heading to the Sea of Galilee. This detour suggests a deliberate choice by Jesus, possibly to avoid direct confrontation with Herod Antipas or to spend more time teaching His disciples. Sidon, like Tyre, was a Gentile city, reinforcing the theme of Jesus' ministry extending to all peoples.

to the Sea of Galilee
The Sea of Galilee, also known as Lake Gennesaret, is central to Jesus' ministry. It is a freshwater lake in the region of Galilee, surrounded by fertile lands and bustling towns. This area was a melting pot of cultures and a hub for trade, making it an ideal location for Jesus to reach diverse audiences. The Sea of Galilee is often associated with Jesus' miracles and teachings, symbolizing His power and authority over creation.

and into the region of the Decapolis
The Decapolis was a group of ten cities on the eastern frontier of the Roman Empire, predominantly Gentile in population. These cities were centers of Greek and Roman culture, with their own political and economic systems. Jesus' entry into this region highlights His willingness to engage with Gentile communities, challenging the Jewish exclusivity of His time. The Decapolis represents the broader world that the Gospel would eventually reach, emphasizing the universal scope of Jesus' mission.

They brought to Him
This phrase indicates the faith and initiative of the people who brought the man to Jesus. The Greek word for "brought" is "φέρουσιν" (pherousin), which implies carrying or leading someone with care. This action reflects the communal responsibility and compassion of the people, emphasizing the importance of intercession and community support in seeking divine intervention.

a man who was deaf
The Greek word for "deaf" is "κωφόν" (kophon), which can also mean mute or dull in hearing. In the historical context, being deaf was often associated with social isolation and misunderstanding. This highlights the man's plight and the transformative power of Jesus' healing, which restores not only physical abilities but also social and spiritual connections.

and hardly able to speak
The phrase "hardly able to speak" comes from the Greek "μογιλάλον" (mogilalon), which suggests severe speech impediment. This condition would have compounded the man's isolation, as communication is fundamental to human interaction. The mention of this detail underscores the completeness of Jesus' healing, addressing both hearing and speech, symbolizing the restoration of full human dignity and interaction.

and they begged Him
The Greek word "παρακαλοῦσιν" (parakalousin) for "begged" conveys a sense of earnest pleading or urgent request. This reflects the deep faith and desperation of those who brought the man to Jesus, believing in His power to heal. It also illustrates the humility and recognition of Jesus' authority, a model for how believers should approach God in prayer.

to place His hand on him
In the cultural and historical context, the act of placing hands was a common practice for imparting blessing or healing. The Greek "ἐπιθῇ" (epithē) means to lay upon, indicating a personal and intentional act. This gesture signifies the transfer of divine power and compassion from Jesus to the afflicted man, highlighting the personal nature of Jesus' ministry and His willingness to touch and heal those considered untouchable by society.

He took him aside privately
This phrase highlights Jesus' personal and compassionate approach to healing. The Greek word for "privately" (κατ' ἰδίαν) suggests an intimate setting, emphasizing Jesus' desire to connect personally with the individual. In a historical context, this action reflects Jesus' sensitivity to the man's dignity, as public healing could have been overwhelming or embarrassing. It also underscores the importance of personal faith and relationship with Christ, away from the distractions of the crowd.

away from the crowd
The act of moving "away from the crowd" signifies a deliberate separation from public spectacle. In the cultural context of the time, crowds often gathered around Jesus, seeking miracles and signs. By taking the man away, Jesus demonstrates that His miracles are not for show but are acts of compassion and divine intervention. This separation also allows for a focused, undistracted encounter, symbolizing the need for personal space in spiritual matters.

put His fingers into the man’s ears
This action is rich with symbolic meaning. In the Greek, the word for "put" (βάλλω) implies a deliberate and purposeful action. By touching the man's ears, Jesus directly addresses the physical ailment, symbolizing the opening of spiritual understanding and receptivity to God's word. This gesture can be seen as a fulfillment of prophetic actions, where physical touch conveys divine power and healing.

Then He spit
Spitting in the ancient world had various connotations, often associated with healing and imparting life. In this context, Jesus' use of spit can be seen as a tangible expression of His life-giving power. The act of spitting and using it in the healing process may also reflect cultural practices of the time, where saliva was believed to have medicinal properties. Spiritually, it signifies the impartation of Jesus' divine essence to bring about restoration.

touched the man’s tongue
The touch of Jesus on the man's tongue is a profound act of healing. The Greek word for "touched" (ἅπτομαι) implies a connection that goes beyond the physical, indicating a transfer of divine power. In the scriptural context, the tongue represents speech and communication. By healing the man's tongue, Jesus not only restores his physical ability to speak but also symbolizes the restoration of his ability to proclaim God's praises and truth. This act highlights the transformative power of Christ's touch, both physically and spiritually.

And looking up to heaven
This phrase indicates Jesus' posture of prayer and dependence on the Father. In the Jewish tradition, looking up to heaven was a common gesture of seeking divine intervention or blessing. It signifies Jesus' connection with God the Father, emphasizing His divine authority and the source of His power. The act of looking up also symbolizes hope and expectation, reminding believers to direct their focus heavenward in times of need.

He sighed deeply
The Greek word for "sighed deeply" is "stenazō," which conveys a profound emotional response. This sigh is not merely a physical exhalation but a reflection of Jesus' compassion and empathy for human suffering. It reveals His deep sorrow over the brokenness of the world and the effects of sin. This moment underscores the humanity of Jesus, who feels the weight of the pain and struggles faced by those He came to save.

and said to him
This phrase highlights the personal nature of Jesus' ministry. He addresses the man directly, showing His care and attention to individual needs. It reflects the personal relationship Jesus seeks with each person, emphasizing that His miracles and teachings are not just for the masses but for each individual soul.

'Ephphatha!'
"Ephphatha" is an Aramaic word, the language commonly spoken by Jesus and His contemporaries. The use of Aramaic here adds authenticity to the account, as it preserves the exact word Jesus used. "Ephphatha" means "Be opened," and it is a command that demonstrates Jesus' authority over creation. This word signifies the power of Jesus' spoken word to bring about physical and spiritual transformation.

(which means, 'Be opened!')
The explanation provided in the text ensures that the audience understands the significance of the Aramaic term. "Be opened" is not only a command for the physical healing of the man's ears and tongue but also a metaphor for spiritual awakening. It invites believers to open their hearts to the truth of the Gospel and the transformative power of Christ. This phrase serves as a reminder of the accessibility of God's grace and the invitation to experience His healing and renewal.

Immediately
The use of "immediately" in this verse underscores the instantaneous nature of Jesus' miraculous healing. The Greek word used here is "εὐθέως" (eutheos), which conveys a sense of urgency and directness. This immediate response highlights the divine authority and power of Jesus, emphasizing that His miracles were not gradual but complete and instantaneous, reflecting the immediacy of God's intervention in human affairs.

the man’s ears were opened
This phrase signifies the physical healing of the man's deafness. The Greek word for "opened" is "ἀνοίγω" (anoigo), which means to open up or to unseal. In a spiritual sense, this act of opening the ears can be seen as a metaphor for the opening of one's heart to the Word of God. Historically, deafness was often seen as a barrier to communication and understanding, and Jesus' healing act symbolizes the breaking down of barriers that prevent people from hearing and understanding God's message.

and his tongue was released
The phrase "his tongue was released" indicates the loosening of the man's speech impediment. The Greek term "λύω" (luo) means to loosen or to set free. This liberation of the tongue not only restored the man's ability to speak but also symbolizes the freeing of one's voice to proclaim the glory of God. In a broader theological context, it reflects the liberation from sin and the ability to confess faith openly.

and he began to speak plainly
The final phrase, "and he began to speak plainly," highlights the completeness of the healing. The Greek word "ὀρθῶς" (orthos) means correctly or rightly. This suggests that the man was not only able to speak but did so with clarity and correctness, a testament to the thoroughness of Jesus' healing power. In a spiritual sense, speaking plainly can be seen as a call for believers to communicate the truth of the Gospel clearly and without distortion, reflecting the transformative power of Christ in their lives.

Jesus commanded them
The Greek word for "commanded" here is "παραγγέλλω" (parangellō), which implies a strong directive or order. This is not a mere suggestion but an authoritative instruction from Jesus. In the context of the Gospels, Jesus often gave commands to His disciples and those He healed, reflecting His authority as the Son of God. This command highlights the tension between Jesus' desire for discretion and the natural human inclination to share miraculous experiences.

not to tell anyone
This phrase reflects the "Messianic Secret," a theme in the Gospel of Mark where Jesus frequently instructs those He heals or His disciples to keep His identity and works concealed. Historically, this can be understood as Jesus' strategic approach to His ministry. He sought to avoid premature confrontation with religious authorities and to prevent misunderstandings about His mission as a political Messiah. The Greek word "μηδενί" (mēdeni) emphasizes the absolute nature of this command—no one was to be told.

But the more He ordered them
The repetition of Jesus' command, indicated by "the more He ordered," underscores the persistent nature of His instruction. The Greek verb "διεστέλλετο" (diestelleto) suggests a continuous or repeated action, showing that Jesus repeatedly emphasized the importance of silence. This persistence highlights the importance Jesus placed on controlling the spread of information about His miracles and identity.

the more widely they proclaimed it
Despite Jesus' clear instructions, the people could not contain their excitement and amazement at what they had witnessed. The Greek word "κηρύσσω" (kērussō) means to proclaim or announce publicly, often used in the context of preaching or heralding important news. This reflects the overwhelming impact of Jesus' miracles on those who experienced them, leading to an unstoppable spread of His fame. Historically, this widespread proclamation contributed to the growing popularity and eventual opposition Jesus faced.

The people were utterly astonished
The Greek word for "astonished" here is "ἐκπλήσσω" (ekplēssō), which conveys a sense of being struck with amazement or overwhelmed with wonder. This reaction reflects the profound impact of Jesus' miracles on the witnesses. In the historical context, such miracles were unprecedented and challenged the prevailing understanding of divine intervention. The people's astonishment underscores the divine authority and power of Jesus, affirming His identity as the Messiah who fulfills Old Testament prophecies.

and said, 'He has done all things well
The phrase "all things well" is a testament to the perfection and completeness of Jesus' works. The Greek word "καλῶς" (kalōs) implies not just goodness but excellence and moral integrity. This echoes the creation narrative in Genesis, where God saw that everything He made was "very good." Jesus, as the incarnate Word, continues this divine pattern of doing all things well, reflecting His divine nature and mission to restore creation.

He makes even the deaf hear
This miracle is a direct fulfillment of Isaiah 35:5, which prophesies that the Messiah will open the ears of the deaf. The Greek word for "deaf" is "κωφός" (kōphos), which can also mean dull or blunted. In a spiritual sense, this miracle signifies the opening of spiritual understanding, where those who were once spiritually deaf can now hear the truth of the Gospel. It highlights Jesus' role as the one who brings spiritual enlightenment and healing.

and the mute speak
The Greek word for "mute" is "ἄλαλος" (alalos), meaning unable to speak. This miracle not only demonstrates Jesus' power over physical ailments but also symbolizes the liberation of those who are spiritually mute, enabling them to proclaim the praises of God. In the broader scriptural context, this act of healing is a sign of the Messianic age, where the restoration of creation is manifested through the healing of physical and spiritual infirmities. It serves as a powerful reminder of the transformative power of Christ's ministry, which brings wholeness and restoration to all aspects of life.