When Jesus had spoken these words
This phrase marks a transition from the discourse Jesus had with His disciples in the preceding chapters. The Greek word for "spoken" is "laleō," which implies not just speaking but communicating important truths. Jesus had just imparted crucial teachings and promises to His disciples, preparing them for His imminent departure. This moment signifies a shift from teaching to prayer, highlighting the importance of prayer following instruction.

He lifted up His eyes to heaven
The act of lifting one's eyes to heaven is a traditional Jewish posture of prayer, signifying reverence and a direct appeal to God. This physical gesture underscores Jesus' intimate relationship with the Father and His acknowledgment of the divine authority. It reflects a deep trust and submission to God's will, setting an example for believers to approach God with confidence and humility.

and said, 'Father
The term "Father" (Greek: "Pater") is a profound expression of the intimate relationship between Jesus and God. It emphasizes the familial bond and the love shared within the Trinity. This address sets the tone for the entire prayer, highlighting the personal and relational nature of Jesus' communication with God. It invites believers to also approach God as their Father, with the same intimacy and trust.

the hour has come
The "hour" refers to the appointed time for Jesus' crucifixion, resurrection, and glorification. Throughout the Gospel of John, Jesus often speaks of His "hour" as a divinely appointed time for fulfilling His mission. This phrase indicates the culmination of His earthly ministry and the fulfillment of God's redemptive plan. It underscores the sovereignty of God in orchestrating the events of salvation history.

Glorify Your Son
The Greek word for "glorify" is "doxazō," which means to honor, magnify, or make glorious. Jesus is asking the Father to reveal His divine nature and authority through the events that are about to unfold. This request is not for self-exaltation but for the revelation of His true identity as the Son of God. It points to the cross as the ultimate display of God's glory and love.

that Your Son may glorify You
The purpose of Jesus' glorification is to bring glory to the Father. This reciprocal glorification highlights the unity and mutual love within the Trinity. Jesus' obedience unto death and His subsequent resurrection serve to reveal God's character and redemptive plan to the world. It teaches believers that their lives, too, should aim to glorify God in all things, reflecting His love and truth to others.

For You granted Him authority
This phrase underscores the divine authority bestowed upon Jesus by God the Father. The Greek word for "authority" is "ἐξουσία" (exousia), which implies not just power but the rightful power to act. In the historical context of the Roman Empire, authority was a significant concept, often associated with rulers and emperors. Here, it signifies Jesus' divine right to govern and execute God's will. This authority is not self-assumed but granted by the Father, emphasizing the unity and purpose within the Trinity.

over all humanity
The phrase "over all humanity" indicates the universal scope of Jesus' authority. The Greek term "σάρξ" (sarx) is often translated as "flesh," representing all of humankind. This highlights the inclusivity of Jesus' mission, transcending ethnic, cultural, and social boundaries. Historically, this was a radical concept, as the Jewish Messiah was expected to be a nationalistic figure. However, Jesus' authority extends beyond Israel to all people, fulfilling the promise to Abraham that all nations would be blessed through his seed (Genesis 22:18).

so that He may give eternal life
The purpose of Jesus' authority is to grant "eternal life." The Greek word "ζωὴν αἰώνιον" (zōēn aiōnion) refers to life that is not only unending but also of a divine quality. This life is characterized by a relationship with God, as seen in the subsequent verse (John 17:3). Theologically, this reflects the core of the Gospel message: Jesus came to restore the broken relationship between God and humanity, offering a life that begins now and continues forever.

to all those You have given Him
This phrase speaks to the divine election and the sovereignty of God in salvation. The Greek word "δέδωκας" (dedōkas) is a perfect tense verb, indicating a completed action with ongoing results. It suggests that those who come to Jesus are a gift from the Father, chosen before the foundation of the world (Ephesians 1:4). This highlights the security and assurance of the believer's salvation, rooted in God's eternal purpose and grace. Historically, this has been a point of theological reflection and debate, emphasizing God's initiative in the salvation process.

Now this is eternal life
This phrase introduces a profound truth about the nature of eternal life. In the Greek, "eternal life" is "zōē aiōnios," which signifies not just an unending duration but a quality of life that is deeply connected to God. Eternal life is not merely about living forever; it is about living in a relationship with God that begins now and continues into eternity. This life is characterized by a deep, personal, and transformative relationship with the Creator.

that they may know You
The word "know" in Greek is "ginōskō," which implies an intimate, experiential knowledge rather than mere intellectual assent. This knowledge is relational and involves a personal encounter with God. It suggests a deep, abiding relationship that transforms the believer's life. In the biblical context, to "know" God is to be in a covenant relationship with Him, marked by love, obedience, and faithfulness.

the only true God
This phrase emphasizes the exclusivity and uniqueness of God. In a world filled with various deities and idols, Jesus affirms that there is only one true God. The Greek word for "true" is "alēthinos," meaning genuine or real. This underscores the authenticity and reliability of God as opposed to false gods. It calls believers to worship and serve the one true God, rejecting all forms of idolatry.

and Jesus Christ
Here, Jesus refers to Himself with the title "Christ," which is the Greek equivalent of the Hebrew "Messiah," meaning "Anointed One." This title affirms Jesus' divine mission and His role as the Savior and Redeemer. It highlights the centrality of Jesus in God's plan of salvation and His unique position as the mediator between God and humanity.

whom You have sent
The phrase "whom You have sent" underscores the divine mission and authority of Jesus. The Greek word "apostellō" is used here, which means to send forth with a specific purpose. This indicates that Jesus was sent by God with a clear mission to reveal God's love, provide salvation, and establish His kingdom. It affirms the divine origin and purpose of Jesus' earthly ministry, emphasizing His obedience to the Father's will.

I have glorified You on earth
This phrase signifies the completion of Jesus' mission to reveal the Father’s character and will to humanity. The Greek word for "glorified" is "doxazo," which means to honor, magnify, or make glorious. In the context of Jesus' ministry, this glorification is not just about praise but about manifesting God's presence and attributes through His actions and teachings. Historically, this reflects the Jewish understanding of God's glory being revealed through His works and presence, as seen in the Old Testament with the Shekinah glory in the tabernacle and temple. Jesus, as the incarnate Word, embodies this divine presence on earth, fulfilling prophecies and expectations of the Messiah who would reveal God to His people.

by accomplishing the work
The Greek word for "accomplishing" is "teleioo," which means to complete, perfect, or bring to an end. This indicates that Jesus' mission was not haphazard but divinely orchestrated and fulfilled with precision. The "work" refers to the entirety of Jesus' life, teachings, miracles, and ultimately His sacrificial death and resurrection. In a historical context, this work was the culmination of God's redemptive plan, foretold by prophets and anticipated by the faithful. Jesus' obedience to the Father’s will exemplifies the perfect servant, fulfilling the role of the suffering servant prophesied in Isaiah 53.

You gave Me to do
This phrase emphasizes the divine commissioning and authority behind Jesus' mission. The Greek word for "gave" is "didomi," which implies a deliberate and purposeful giving. It underscores the intimate relationship between the Father and the Son, where Jesus acts in complete alignment with the Father’s will. This divine mandate is rooted in the eternal plan of salvation, where Jesus is sent as the Lamb of God to take away the sins of the world (John 1:29). The historical and scriptural context reveals that Jesus' mission was not self-initiated but was a fulfillment of the covenant promises made to Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and David, demonstrating God's faithfulness across generations.

And now
This phrase marks a pivotal moment in Jesus' prayer, indicating a transition from His earthly ministry to the fulfillment of His mission. The Greek word "νῦν" (nun) signifies immediacy and urgency, underscoring the culmination of Jesus' work on earth and the impending events of His crucifixion and resurrection. It reflects the divine timing and the fulfillment of God's redemptive plan.

Father
The term "Father" (Greek: "Πατήρ," Pater) is a profound expression of the intimate relationship between Jesus and God. It emphasizes the familial bond and the unity within the Trinity. This address highlights Jesus' divine sonship and His submission to the Father's will, serving as a model for believers in their relationship with God.

glorify Me
The Greek word "δοξάζω" (doxazo) means to honor, magnify, or make glorious. Jesus is asking the Father to restore His pre-incarnate glory, which He temporarily set aside during His earthly ministry. This request is not for personal gain but for the revelation of His divine nature and the fulfillment of God's salvific purposes. It points to the cross as the ultimate display of God's glory through Jesus' obedience and sacrifice.

in Your presence
This phrase, "παρά σεαυτῷ" (para seauto), indicates a return to the intimate fellowship and divine communion that Jesus shared with the Father before His incarnation. It signifies the restoration of His heavenly status and the completion of His earthly mission. This longing for divine presence reflects the believer's ultimate hope of eternal communion with God.

with the glory
The "glory" (Greek: "δόξα," doxa) refers to the divine majesty and splendor that Jesus possessed before the world was created. It encompasses His divine attributes, authority, and the honor due to Him as the Son of God. This glory is intrinsic to His nature and is a testament to His deity, affirming the pre-existence and eternal nature of Christ.

I had with You
This phrase emphasizes the pre-incarnate existence of Jesus and His shared glory with the Father. The Greek "εἶχον" (eichon) indicates possession, underscoring the eternal relationship and unity within the Godhead. It affirms the doctrine of the Trinity and the co-equality of the Son with the Father, a foundational truth in conservative Christian theology.

before the world existed
The phrase "πρὸ τοῦ τὸν κόσμον εἶναι" (pro tou ton kosmon einai) speaks to the eternal nature of Christ, existing before creation. It highlights His role in the divine plan of salvation, predating the foundation of the world. This pre-existence is a testament to His deity and His active participation in creation, as affirmed in John 1:1-3. It assures believers of the eternal purpose and sovereignty of God in the redemption of humanity.

I have revealed Your name
In this phrase, Jesus speaks of His mission to make known the character and essence of God the Father. The Greek word for "revealed" is "φανερόω" (phaneroō), which means to make visible or to manifest. This indicates that Jesus' life and ministry were a direct revelation of God's nature. In the Hebrew context, a name is not merely an identifier but encapsulates the character and authority of the person. Thus, Jesus is saying that through His actions, teachings, and very being, He has made the Father known to the world.

to those You have given Me
This phrase emphasizes the divine selection and the intimate relationship between Jesus and His disciples. The Greek word "δίδωμι" (didōmi) means to give or to grant, suggesting that the disciples were a gift from the Father to the Son. This highlights the sovereignty of God in the process of salvation and the special calling of the disciples. Historically, this reflects the Jewish understanding of being chosen by God, as Israel was chosen among the nations.

out of the world
Here, "world" translates from the Greek "κόσμος" (kosmos), which often refers to the fallen, sinful human system opposed to God. Jesus' followers are called out of this system, indicating a separation from worldly values and a dedication to God's kingdom. This separation is not physical but spiritual and moral, aligning with the biblical theme of holiness and consecration.

They were Yours
This phrase acknowledges God's prior ownership and sovereignty over the disciples. The Greek "εἰμί" (eimi) is a verb of being, suggesting a continuous state of belonging to God. This reflects the biblical teaching that all creation is under God's dominion, and those who follow Christ are recognized as His from the beginning.

You gave them to Me
Reiterating the divine gift, this phrase underscores the unity and cooperation within the Trinity. The Father entrusts the disciples to the Son, indicating a shared mission and purpose. This reflects the biblical theme of stewardship and the responsibility given to Jesus to shepherd and guide those who are His.

and they have obeyed Your word
The Greek word for "obeyed" is "τηρέω" (tēreō), meaning to keep, guard, or observe. This implies a faithful adherence to God's commands and teachings. The disciples' obedience is a testament to their genuine faith and commitment, reflecting the biblical principle that true belief is demonstrated through action. Historically, this obedience aligns with the Jewish tradition of covenant faithfulness, where adherence to God's law was a sign of devotion.

Now they know
This phrase signifies a moment of realization and understanding among the disciples. The Greek word for "know" here is "γινώσκω" (ginōskō), which implies a deep, personal, and experiential knowledge. It is not merely intellectual assent but an intimate awareness and recognition. In the context of John 17, this knowledge is a result of Jesus' teachings and the revelation of His divine nature. Historically, this moment is pivotal as it marks the disciples' transition from followers to those who truly comprehend Jesus' mission and identity.

that everything You have given Me
The phrase underscores the divine origin and authority of Jesus' mission. The Greek word for "everything" is "πάντα" (panta), indicating the totality of what Jesus possesses and represents. This includes His teachings, miracles, and the authority bestowed upon Him by the Father. Theologically, this reflects the unity and purpose within the Trinity, where the Father entrusts the Son with the divine plan of salvation. It is a reminder of the completeness and sufficiency of Christ's work.

comes from You
This phrase emphasizes the divine source of Jesus' mission and message. The Greek word "παρά" (para) is used here, meaning "from" or "beside," indicating origin or source. It highlights the intimate relationship between the Father and the Son, where Jesus' authority and mission are directly derived from the Father. In a broader scriptural context, this affirms the consistency and unity of God's plan throughout the Bible, where Jesus is the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies and the embodiment of God's redemptive work. This understanding inspires believers to trust in the divine origin and authority of Jesus' teachings and His role as the mediator between God and humanity.

For I have given them
This phrase emphasizes the act of giving, which in the Greek is "dedōka," derived from "didōmi," meaning to give or bestow. This act of giving is not merely a transfer of information but a divine impartation. Jesus, in His role as the mediator between God and humanity, faithfully transmits the divine message entrusted to Him by the Father. This highlights the faithfulness of Christ in His mission and the importance of the divine revelation being passed to the disciples.

the words You gave Me
The term "words" here is "rhēmata" in Greek, which refers to spoken words or sayings. This is significant because it underscores the personal and direct communication from God to Jesus, and then from Jesus to His disciples. The words are not just teachings but are imbued with divine authority and life. The phrase indicates the divine origin of Jesus' message, affirming that His teachings are not His own but are from the Father, thus carrying the weight of divine truth.

and they have received them
The Greek word for "received" is "elabon," which implies an active acceptance or taking hold of something. This indicates the disciples' willingness and readiness to accept the divine truths imparted to them. It reflects the openness of their hearts and minds to the teachings of Jesus, which is essential for true discipleship. This reception is not passive but involves a conscious and deliberate acceptance of the truth.

they knew with certainty
The phrase "knew with certainty" translates from the Greek "egnōsan alēthōs," where "egnōsan" means to know or understand, and "alēthōs" means truly or certainly. This denotes a deep, experiential knowledge that goes beyond intellectual understanding. It signifies a conviction rooted in personal experience and revelation, affirming the disciples' unwavering belief in Jesus' divine origin and mission.

that I came from You
This phrase emphasizes the divine origin of Jesus, affirming His pre-existence and His mission as sent by the Father. The Greek "exēlthon" for "came" suggests a proceeding forth, indicating not just a physical coming but a purposeful mission. This underscores the unique relationship between Jesus and the Father, highlighting the divine authority and authenticity of Jesus' ministry.

and they believed
The word "believed" is "episteusan" in Greek, which implies trust and faith. This belief is not merely intellectual assent but a deep-seated trust in Jesus as the Messiah and the Son of God. It reflects the disciples' faith in Jesus' identity and mission, which is foundational to their relationship with Him and their role in the early Church.

that You sent Me
The Greek "apesteilas" for "sent" conveys the idea of being commissioned or sent with a purpose. This highlights the divine mission of Jesus, emphasizing that He is not acting on His own authority but is fulfilling the will of the Father. It underscores the divine plan of salvation and the intentionality behind Jesus' incarnation and ministry. This sending is central to understanding the mission of Christ and the unfolding of God's redemptive plan for humanity.

I ask on their behalf
In this phrase, Jesus is interceding specifically for His disciples. The Greek word for "ask" is "ἐρωτάω" (erōtaō), which implies a request or petition. This highlights the intimate relationship between Jesus and His Father, as well as His role as an intercessor. Historically, this reflects the Jewish tradition of a priestly intercession, where the high priest would enter the Holy of Holies to intercede for the people. Jesus, as our High Priest, is fulfilling this role, emphasizing His care and concern for His followers.

I do not ask on behalf of the world
Here, "the world" refers to the kosmos, a Greek term that often denotes the fallen, sinful system opposed to God. Jesus distinguishes between His disciples and the world, underscoring the special relationship and mission of His followers. This separation is not out of disregard for the world, but rather a focus on those who are to carry His message forward. It reflects the biblical theme of being "in the world, but not of the world" (John 17:16), highlighting the call to holiness and distinctiveness for believers.

but on behalf of those You have given Me
This phrase emphasizes divine election and the sovereignty of God in salvation. The Greek word "δίδωμι" (didōmi) means "to give," indicating that the disciples are a gift from the Father to the Son. This reflects the intimate and purposeful relationship between the Father and the Son, and the security of those who belong to Christ. It is a reminder of the assurance believers have in their identity and calling, rooted in the eternal purposes of God.

for they are Yours
The phrase "they are Yours" signifies possession and belonging. The Greek word "σοί" (soi) is a possessive pronoun, indicating ownership. This highlights the covenant relationship between God and His people, reminiscent of the Old Testament where God repeatedly claims Israel as His own. In the New Testament context, it reassures believers of their place in God's family, affirming that they are cherished and protected by the Father. This belonging is not based on human merit but on divine grace and love.

All I have is Yours
This phrase underscores the profound unity and shared possession between Jesus and the Father. The Greek word for "all" (πάντα, panta) signifies totality, indicating that everything Jesus possesses is also the Father's. This reflects the deep, inseparable bond within the Trinity, where there is no division of ownership or purpose. Historically, this unity challenges the polytheistic views of the time, emphasizing the monotheistic belief in one God expressed in three persons. It is a call for believers to recognize the divine authority and unity of purpose in the mission of Christ.

and all You have is Mine
Here, Jesus asserts His divine authority and equality with the Father. The reciprocal nature of this statement ("all You have is Mine") highlights the shared divinity and mutual indwelling within the Godhead. The Greek word for "Mine" (ἐμός, emos) emphasizes personal possession, reinforcing the concept of Jesus' divine nature. This declaration would have been revolutionary in a Jewish context, where God’s sovereignty was undisputed. It invites believers to trust in Jesus' divine authority and His role as the mediator of God's will.

and in them I have been glorified
This phrase shifts the focus to the disciples and, by extension, all believers. The Greek word for "glorified" (ἐδοξάσθην, edoxasthēn) implies honor and praise. Jesus is glorified in His followers as they live out His teachings and reflect His character. Historically, this reflects the early Christian community's role in spreading the Gospel and living as witnesses to Christ's transformative power. It is an inspirational call for believers to embody the teachings of Christ, thus bringing glory to Him through their lives. This glorification is not just a future hope but a present reality, as believers are called to be the light of the world, showcasing the glory of Christ in their actions and words.

I will no longer be in the world
This phrase marks a pivotal moment in Jesus' earthly ministry. The Greek word for "world" is "kosmos," which often refers to the fallen, human system opposed to God. Jesus is preparing to leave this realm through His impending crucifixion, resurrection, and ascension. His departure signifies the completion of His earthly mission and the beginning of His heavenly intercession. This transition underscores the temporary nature of His physical presence and the eternal nature of His spiritual reign.

but they are in the world
Here, "they" refers to the disciples, who remain in the "kosmos" after Jesus' departure. This highlights the tension between living in a fallen world while being called to a higher, divine purpose. The disciples are tasked with continuing Jesus' mission amidst opposition and challenges. This phrase emphasizes the need for divine protection and guidance as they navigate their roles as ambassadors of Christ in a hostile environment.

and I am coming to You
Jesus' return to the Father signifies the completion of His earthly mission and the restoration of His pre-incarnate glory. The phrase reflects His intimate relationship with the Father and His anticipation of returning to the divine fellowship. This return is not an abandonment of His followers but a transition to a new mode of presence through the Holy Spirit, who will empower and guide them.

Holy Father
The term "Holy" (Greek: "hagios") denotes purity, separateness, and divine perfection. By addressing God as "Holy Father," Jesus acknowledges the Father's perfect nature and His role as the source of holiness. This title combines reverence with intimacy, highlighting the unique relationship between Jesus and the Father. It sets the tone for the request that follows, emphasizing the need for divine intervention in the disciples' lives.

protect them by Your name
The "name" of God represents His character, authority, and power. In ancient cultures, a name was more than a label; it embodied the essence of a person. Jesus asks the Father to safeguard the disciples through His divine nature and authority. This protection is not merely physical but spiritual, preserving their faith and unity in the face of trials and temptations.

the name You gave Me
This phrase underscores the unity and shared mission between the Father and the Son. The "name" given to Jesus signifies His divine authority and identity as the Messiah. It reflects the Father's endorsement and empowerment of Jesus' mission. By invoking this name, Jesus emphasizes the continuity of His work through the disciples, who are now entrusted with His mission.

so that they may be one as We are one
Unity is a central theme in Jesus' prayer. The oneness of the disciples is modeled after the perfect unity between the Father and the Son. This unity is not merely organizational but spiritual, rooted in shared faith, purpose, and love. It serves as a powerful testimony to the world of the transformative power of the Gospel. The call to unity challenges believers to transcend personal differences and embody the divine harmony exemplified by the Trinity.

While I was with them
This phrase indicates the physical presence of Jesus with His disciples. The Greek word for "with" is "μετὰ" (meta), which implies accompaniment and association. Jesus' earthly ministry was a time of direct teaching, guidance, and protection for His followers. Historically, this period was crucial for laying the foundation of the Church, as Jesus imparted His teachings and prepared the disciples for their future mission.

I protected them
The Greek word for "protected" is "ἐτήρουν" (etērēsa), which means to guard or keep watch over. This protection was both physical and spiritual, as Jesus safeguarded His disciples from external harm and spiritual deception. Theologically, this reflects Jesus' role as the Good Shepherd, who cares for His flock and ensures their safety.

and kept them safe
The phrase "kept them safe" comes from the Greek "ἐφύλαξα" (ephylaxa), meaning to preserve or maintain. This emphasizes Jesus' active role in maintaining the spiritual well-being of His disciples. In a broader scriptural context, it highlights God's sovereignty and faithfulness in preserving His people throughout history.

by that name you gave me
The "name" refers to the authority and character of God, which Jesus embodied. In Hebrew culture, a name signifies identity and purpose. The name given to Jesus by the Father signifies His divine mission and authority. This underscores the unity between the Father and the Son, as well as the divine protection afforded to those who belong to Jesus.

None has been lost
The Greek word "ἀπώλετο" (apoleto) means to perish or be destroyed. This phrase reassures believers of the security found in Christ. It reflects the doctrine of eternal security, emphasizing that those who truly belong to Jesus are preserved by His power.

except the son of destruction
This refers to Judas Iscariot, who betrayed Jesus. The term "son of destruction" (Greek: "ὁ υἱὸς τῆς ἀπωλείας," ho huios tēs apōleias) indicates a person destined for ruin. Judas' betrayal was foreknown and permitted by God, serving as a fulfillment of prophecy. This highlights the tension between divine sovereignty and human responsibility.

so that the Scripture would be fulfilled
This phrase underscores the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies concerning the Messiah and His betrayal. It reflects the divine orchestration of events in accordance with God's redemptive plan. The fulfillment of Scripture assures believers of the reliability and authority of God's Word, reinforcing faith in His promises and purposes.

But now
This phrase marks a transition, indicating a pivotal moment in Jesus' ministry. The Greek word "νῦν" (nun) suggests immediacy and urgency. Jesus is aware of His impending crucifixion and resurrection, and this moment is crucial as He prepares to leave the world. Historically, this is a time of great tension and anticipation, as Jesus' earthly mission is nearing its climax.

I am coming to You
Here, Jesus speaks directly to the Father, expressing His return to the divine presence. The Greek verb "ἔρχομαι" (erchomai) implies movement towards a destination. This reflects Jesus' divine origin and His eternal relationship with the Father. Theologically, it underscores the completion of His earthly mission and His return to glory, a central tenet of Christian faith.

and I say these things
Jesus is referring to His teachings and prayers, particularly the intercessory prayer of John 17. The phrase emphasizes the importance of His words, which are meant to instruct and comfort His disciples. The historical context is the Last Supper, a time of intimate teaching and revelation.

while I am in the world
This phrase highlights the temporary nature of Jesus' earthly ministry. The Greek "ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ" (en tō kosmō) indicates His physical presence among humanity. It contrasts with His divine nature and foreshadows His departure. Scripturally, it reminds believers of the incarnation, where God became flesh and dwelt among us (John 1:14).

so that they may have
The purpose clause here, introduced by "ἵνα" (hina), reveals Jesus' intention for His disciples. It shows His deep concern for their well-being and spiritual state. Theologically, it reflects the selfless love of Christ, who desires the best for His followers.

My joy
The joy Jesus refers to is profound and divine, rooted in His relationship with the Father. The Greek "χαρά" (chara) signifies a deep, abiding sense of well-being and contentment. This joy is not dependent on circumstances but is a fruit of the Spirit (Galatians 5:22). Historically, this joy contrasts with the sorrow of the world, offering believers a source of strength and hope.

fulfilled within them
The Greek word "πεπληρωμένη" (peplērōmenē) means to be made full or complete. Jesus desires that His joy be fully realized in His disciples, transforming their lives. This fulfillment is both a present reality and a future hope, as believers grow in their relationship with Christ. Scripturally, it points to the abundant life Jesus promises (John 10:10) and the ultimate joy of eternal life with Him.

I have given them Your word
This phrase highlights the divine transmission of truth from Jesus to His disciples. The Greek word for "word" here is "logos," which signifies not just spoken words but the embodiment of divine reason and wisdom. In the context of John's Gospel, "logos" is deeply connected to the identity of Christ Himself (John 1:1). Jesus, as the living Word, imparts God's truth, which is transformative and life-giving. This act of giving the "word" signifies the fulfillment of Jesus' mission to reveal the Father to humanity, equipping His followers with the truth necessary to navigate a fallen world.

and the world has hated them
The term "world" (Greek: "kosmos") often refers to the fallen, sinful human system opposed to God. The "hatred" from the world is a direct consequence of the disciples' alignment with Christ and His teachings. Historically, this animosity is evident in the persecution faced by early Christians, as documented in Acts and other historical records. This hatred is not merely personal animosity but a spiritual opposition to the truth and light that the disciples represent. It serves as a reminder of the spiritual battle between the kingdom of God and the kingdom of darkness.

for they are not of the world
This phrase underscores the distinct identity of believers. The Greek preposition "ek" (translated as "of") indicates origin or source. Believers, having been born again through the Spirit, no longer derive their identity or values from the world. This separation is not physical but spiritual and moral. It reflects a transformation that aligns believers with the values of God's kingdom rather than the world's. Historically, this has been a call for Christians to live counter-culturally, embodying the values of Christ in a world that often opposes them.

just as I am not of the world
Here, Jesus draws a parallel between His own divine origin and the transformed identity of His followers. The phrase emphasizes the unity between Christ and His disciples in their separation from worldly values. Jesus, though incarnate, maintained His divine nature and mission, never conforming to the sinful patterns of the world. This sets a model for believers, who are called to reflect Christ's holiness and purpose. Theologically, this speaks to the believer's union with Christ, a central theme in the New Testament, which empowers them to live out their faith amidst opposition.

I am not asking
The phrase "I am not asking" reflects Jesus' intercessory prayer to the Father. The Greek word used here is "erōtaō," which implies a request or entreaty. This highlights the intimate relationship between Jesus and the Father, emphasizing His role as our mediator. Jesus, in His earthly ministry, often prayed for His disciples, showing His deep concern and love for them. This phrase sets the tone for the rest of the verse, indicating that Jesus' request is specific and purposeful.

that You take them out of the world
The phrase "that You take them out of the world" suggests a deliberate choice by Jesus not to ask for the removal of His disciples from worldly existence. The Greek word for "world" is "kosmos," which often refers to the fallen, human system opposed to God. Jesus acknowledges the reality of living in a world that is often hostile to His teachings. Historically, Christians have lived in diverse cultures and societies, facing persecution and challenges. This phrase reassures believers that their presence in the world has divine purpose and mission.

but that You keep them
The word "keep" comes from the Greek "tēreō," meaning to guard or protect. This implies a divine safeguarding by God over His people. Jesus' prayer is not for isolation but for protection. Throughout Scripture, God is depicted as a protector and shield for His people, as seen in Psalms and other biblical texts. This assurance of divine protection is a source of comfort and strength for believers facing trials and temptations.

from the evil one
The phrase "from the evil one" refers to protection from Satan, the adversary. The Greek term "ponēros" can mean evil in a general sense or specifically refer to the evil one, Satan. In the biblical narrative, Satan is portrayed as the deceiver and accuser, seeking to lead believers astray. Jesus' prayer for protection underscores the reality of spiritual warfare and the need for divine intervention. This phrase reminds believers of the ongoing battle against spiritual forces and the assurance of victory through Christ.

They are not of the world
This phrase emphasizes the distinction between the followers of Christ and the secular world. The Greek word for "world" here is "kosmos," which often refers to the fallen, sinful system opposed to God. Historically, the early Christians were set apart from the prevailing cultural norms of the Roman Empire, living by a different set of values and ethics. This separation is not about physical removal but a spiritual and moral distinction. Believers are called to live in the world but not be conformed to its ways, reflecting a higher allegiance to God's kingdom.

just as I am not of the world
Jesus draws a parallel between His own nature and that of His disciples. The phrase "just as" (Greek "kathōs") indicates a direct comparison, underscoring the unity between Christ and His followers. Jesus, though fully human, was not influenced by the sinful nature of the world. His mission was divine, and His kingdom was not of this world (John 18:36). Historically, this statement would have been radical, as it set Jesus apart from other religious leaders of His time, who often sought power and influence within the worldly systems. For believers, this serves as a reminder of their identity in Christ, called to live with a heavenly perspective and purpose, transcending earthly limitations and temptations.

Sanctify them
The word "sanctify" comes from the Greek word "hagiazō," which means to make holy, consecrate, or set apart for sacred use. In the context of John 17:17, Jesus is praying for His disciples to be set apart for God's purposes. This sanctification is not merely a moral or ethical cleansing but a divine action that aligns believers with God's will. Historically, sanctification has been a central theme in Christian theology, emphasizing the transformative work of the Holy Spirit in a believer's life. The call to be sanctified is a call to live a life distinct from the world, dedicated to God's service.

in the truth
The Greek word for "truth" is "alētheia," which signifies reality, certainty, and faithfulness. In the biblical context, truth is not just factual correctness but a reflection of God's nature and His revelation to humanity. Jesus Himself is described as "the way, the truth, and the life" (John 14:6), indicating that truth is personified in Him. The truth is foundational for sanctification because it aligns believers with God's reality, as opposed to the deceptions of the world. Historically, the pursuit of truth has been a hallmark of Christian discipleship, urging believers to seek God's truth in Scripture and in their daily lives.

Your word
The term "word" here is translated from the Greek "logos," which can mean a spoken word, a message, or a divine utterance. In the Gospel of John, "logos" is also used to describe Jesus Himself as the divine Word made flesh (John 1:1, 14). The "word" of God is both the Scriptures and the living Word, Jesus Christ. It is through engagement with God's word that believers are sanctified, as it reveals God's character, will, and promises. Historically, the Bible has been the primary means through which Christians understand God's truth and are transformed by it.

is truth
This phrase underscores the absolute reliability and authority of God's word. The Greek construction emphasizes that God's word is not just true but is the very essence of truth. In a world filled with relative truths and shifting moral standards, the Bible stands as the unchanging standard of truth. This assertion of the Bible's truthfulness has been a cornerstone of conservative Christian belief, affirming that Scripture is inspired, inerrant, and authoritative for faith and practice. The truth of God's word is what sanctifies believers, guiding them in righteousness and equipping them for every good work.

As You sent Me into the world
This phrase begins with a profound declaration of mission and purpose. The Greek word for "sent" is "ἀπέστειλας" (apesteilas), which is derived from "ἀποστέλλω" (apostellō), meaning to send forth with a specific purpose or commission. This word is often used in the New Testament to describe the sending of messengers or apostles. In this context, it emphasizes the divine mission of Jesus, who was sent by the Father into the world. The "world" (κόσμον, kosmon) here refers to the fallen, sinful human society that is in need of redemption. Historically, this reflects the incarnation of Christ, who entered human history to fulfill God's redemptive plan. This sending is not just a physical movement but a divine commissioning with authority and purpose.

I have also sent them into the world
The parallelism in this phrase highlights the continuity of mission from Jesus to His disciples. The same Greek root "ἀποστέλλω" (apostellō) is used here for "sent," indicating that the disciples are being commissioned with the same authority and purpose as Jesus was by the Father. This underscores the role of the disciples as apostles, those who are sent forth to carry on the work of Christ. The historical context of this sending is the Great Commission, where Jesus commands His followers to go into all the world and make disciples of all nations (Matthew 28:19-20). Theologically, this reflects the Church's mission to be the body of Christ on earth, continuing His work of teaching, healing, and proclaiming the Kingdom of God. The "world" remains the same fallen realm, yet it is also the field ripe for harvest, where the message of the Gospel is to be proclaimed. This sending is a call to engage with the world, not to retreat from it, embodying the transformative power of the Gospel in every sphere of life.

For them
This phrase indicates the purpose and focus of Jesus' actions. The "them" refers to His disciples and, by extension, all believers. Jesus' mission was not self-serving but was entirely for the benefit of others. In the broader context of John 17, known as the High Priestly Prayer, Jesus is interceding for His followers, demonstrating His deep love and commitment to their spiritual well-being.

I sanctify Myself
The Greek word for "sanctify" is "hagiazō," which means to set apart for a holy purpose. Jesus, being sinless, did not need sanctification in the sense of purification from sin. Instead, He set Himself apart for the mission of redemption. This self-sanctification is a voluntary act of dedication to the Father's will, culminating in His sacrificial death on the cross. It underscores His role as both the High Priest and the perfect sacrifice, fulfilling the Old Testament typology of the sacrificial system.

so that they too may be sanctified
The purpose of Jesus sanctifying Himself is directly linked to the sanctification of His followers. The phrase "they too" emphasizes the inclusivity of this sanctification, extending beyond the immediate disciples to all who would believe in Him. This sanctification is not merely positional but also practical, involving a transformation into Christlikeness. It is a process of being made holy, set apart for God's purposes, and empowered to live a life that reflects His character.

by the truth
The truth is the means by which believers are sanctified. In the context of John's Gospel, "truth" is closely associated with Jesus Himself, who declared, "I am the way, the truth, and the life" (John 14:6). The truth is also embodied in God's Word, as Jesus earlier prayed, "Sanctify them by the truth; Your word is truth" (John 17:17). This highlights the transformative power of Scripture and the person of Christ in the believer's life. The truth is not merely intellectual knowledge but a living reality that shapes and molds the believer's character and actions.

I am not asking
The phrase "I am not asking" reflects Jesus' role as an intercessor. The Greek word used here is "erōtaō," which implies a request or entreaty. This highlights Jesus' intimate relationship with the Father, where He confidently presents His petitions. In the context of the High Priestly Prayer, Jesus is not merely making a request but is engaging in a profound act of advocacy for His followers.

on behalf of them alone
This phrase indicates that Jesus' prayer extends beyond the immediate circle of His disciples. The Greek word "monon" (alone) emphasizes exclusivity, suggesting that while the disciples are the immediate focus, Jesus' vision is broader. Historically, this reflects the early church's understanding that the Gospel was not limited to the Jewish people but was intended for all humanity.

but also on behalf of those
Here, Jesus expands His prayer to include future believers. The Greek conjunction "alla" (but) introduces a contrast, showing the inclusivity of Jesus' mission. This phrase underscores the forward-looking nature of Jesus' ministry, anticipating the growth of the church and the spread of the Gospel.

who will believe in Me
The phrase "who will believe in Me" is central to the Christian faith. The Greek word "pisteuō" (believe) implies trust and reliance, not just intellectual assent. This belief is personal and relational, rooted in the recognition of Jesus as the Messiah. Historically, this belief has been the foundation of Christian identity and community.

through their message
The phrase "through their message" highlights the role of the apostles as the primary witnesses to Jesus' life, death, and resurrection. The Greek word "logos" (message) can also mean "word" or "teaching," indicating the content of the apostles' proclamation. This underscores the importance of apostolic teaching in the early church and its role in the transmission of the faith. The historical context here is the Great Commission, where Jesus sends His disciples to make disciples of all nations, ensuring the continuity of His message through generations.

that all of them may be one
The phrase "that all of them may be one" speaks to the profound unity that Jesus desires for His followers. The Greek word for "one" is "hen," which signifies a unity of purpose and essence rather than mere agreement or cooperation. This unity reflects the divine nature of the Trinity, where distinct persons exist in perfect harmony and love. Historically, this call for unity has been a cornerstone for the Church, emphasizing the need for believers to transcend divisions and embody the oneness that Christ prayed for. This unity is not just organizational but deeply spiritual, rooted in the shared life of Christ.

as You, Father, are in Me, and I am in You
Here, Jesus draws a parallel between the unity He desires for His followers and the intimate relationship He shares with the Father. The Greek preposition "en" (in) indicates a profound indwelling and mutual presence. This relationship is characterized by perfect love, understanding, and purpose. Theologically, this reflects the mystery of the Trinity, where the Father and the Son are distinct yet one in essence. This divine model sets the standard for Christian unity, calling believers to a relationship marked by love and mutual indwelling, mirroring the divine relationship.

May they also be in Us
The phrase "May they also be in Us" extends the invitation to believers to participate in the divine fellowship. The use of "in" (Greek "en") again emphasizes a deep, abiding presence. This is not merely an external association but an invitation to share in the life and love of the Trinity. Scripturally, this reflects the concept of believers being "in Christ," a recurring theme in the New Testament that speaks to the transformative relationship between the believer and the divine. This participation in the divine life is both a privilege and a calling, urging believers to live in a way that reflects their union with God.

so that the world may believe that You sent Me
The purpose of this unity is missional, "so that the world may believe that You sent Me." The Greek word for "believe" is "pisteuō," which implies trust and faith. The unity of believers serves as a testimony to the world of the divine mission of Jesus. Historically, the early Church's unity amidst diversity was a powerful witness to the truth of the Gospel. This call to unity is not just for the benefit of the Church but is integral to its witness to the world. The visible unity of believers is meant to reflect the truth of Christ's divine mission and draw others to faith.

I have given them
This phrase signifies the intentional and purposeful action of Jesus. The Greek verb "dedōka" (δέδωκα) is in the perfect tense, indicating a completed action with ongoing effects. Jesus, in His earthly ministry, has already imparted something of immense value to His disciples. This act of giving is not just a past event but continues to have significance and impact. It reflects the generosity and grace of Christ, who shares His divine gifts with His followers.

the glory
The term "glory" in Greek is "doxa" (δόξα), which can denote honor, splendor, or divine radiance. In the context of John's Gospel, it often refers to the manifestation of God's presence and character. This glory is not merely a future promise but a present reality that Jesus has bestowed upon His disciples. It is a transformative glory that enables believers to reflect God's nature and character in their lives. Historically, glory was associated with God's presence in the tabernacle and temple, and now, through Christ, it dwells within His people.

You gave Me
This phrase highlights the divine origin of the glory. The Father has given this glory to the Son, emphasizing the intimate relationship and unity within the Trinity. The Greek verb "dedōkas" (δέδωκας) again underscores the completed and enduring nature of this gift. It is a reminder of the eternal plan and purpose of God, where the Father and the Son work in perfect harmony. This divine exchange is rooted in love and mutual honor, setting a model for the unity and love that should exist among believers.

so that they may be one
The purpose of giving this glory is explicitly stated: unity among believers. The Greek phrase "hina ōsin hen" (ἵνα ὦσιν ἕν) indicates a purpose or result clause, showing that the impartation of glory is intended to bring about a specific outcome. This unity is not superficial but profound, reflecting the oneness of the Father and the Son. It is a spiritual unity that transcends human differences and is rooted in the shared life and love of God. Historically, the early church faced many challenges to unity, yet this prayer of Jesus serves as a foundational call for believers to live in harmony and love.

as We are one
The unity among believers is modeled after the unity within the Godhead. The phrase "kathōs hēmeis hen esmen" (καθὼς ἡμεῖς ἕν ἐσμεν) draws a direct parallel between the divine unity and the desired unity among Christ's followers. This is a profound mystery, as the oneness of the Father and the Son is perfect and eternal. It serves as both a model and a challenge for the church. The historical and scriptural context reveals that this divine unity is characterized by love, mutual submission, and shared purpose. Believers are called to reflect this divine relationship in their interactions with one another, demonstrating the reality of God's kingdom on earth.

I in them
This phrase emphasizes the indwelling presence of Christ within believers. The Greek word for "in" is "ἐν" (en), which denotes a fixed position or state. This signifies a profound spiritual union where Christ resides within the hearts of His followers, empowering and transforming them. This indwelling is a fulfillment of the promise of the Holy Spirit, who acts as the presence of Christ in the believer's life, guiding and sanctifying them.

and You in Me
Here, Jesus speaks of the intimate relationship between Himself and the Father. The Greek preposition "ἐν" (en) again highlights the unity and oneness shared between the Father and the Son. This relationship is foundational to the Christian faith, illustrating the perfect harmony and mutual indwelling within the Trinity. It serves as a model for the unity believers are to have with Christ and with one another.

that they may be perfectly united
The phrase "perfectly united" comes from the Greek word "τετελειωμένοι" (teteleiōmenoi), which means to be made complete or perfect. This speaks to the ultimate goal of Christian unity, which is not just organizational or superficial but a deep, spiritual oneness that reflects the unity of the Godhead. This unity is achieved through love, truth, and the work of the Holy Spirit, and it is a testimony to the transformative power of the Gospel.

so that the world may know
The purpose of this unity is missional. The Greek word "γινώσκω" (ginōskō) means to know or recognize. The unity of believers serves as a powerful witness to the world, demonstrating the reality of Christ's mission and the truth of the Gospel. It is through the visible love and unity of the church that the world can see the evidence of God's love and the authenticity of Jesus' divine sending.

that You sent Me
This phrase underscores the divine mission of Jesus. The Greek word "ἀπέστειλας" (apesteilas) means to send forth with a commission. It highlights the authority and purpose with which Jesus was sent into the world by the Father. This sending is central to the Gospel message, as it affirms Jesus as the Messiah and the Savior of the world, sent to redeem humanity.

and have loved them just as You have loved Me
The love of the Father for the Son is the same love extended to believers. The Greek word for love here is "ἠγάπησας" (ēgapēsas), which is the verb form of "agape," denoting unconditional, selfless love. This profound statement reveals the depth of God's love for His people, equating it with the perfect love shared within the Trinity. It assures believers of their value and identity in Christ, rooted in the eternal love of God.

Father
The term "Father" here is translated from the Greek word "Pater," which signifies a deep, intimate relationship. In the context of the Gospel of John, Jesus frequently addresses God as "Father," emphasizing the unique and eternal relationship between the Father and the Son. This relationship is foundational to understanding the nature of the Trinity and the divine love that flows within it.

I want
The Greek word "thelo" is used here, which conveys a strong desire or will. This is not merely a wish but a profound expression of Jesus' divine will. It reflects His deep longing for the unity and fellowship of believers with Him, underscoring His role as the intercessor and mediator between God and humanity.

those You have given Me
This phrase highlights the doctrine of divine election. The Greek word "dedokas" (given) indicates a past action with ongoing results. It suggests that believers are a gift from the Father to the Son, chosen before the creation of the world. This concept is central to understanding the security and assurance of salvation for believers.

to be with Me where I am
The desire for believers to be with Jesus "where I am" speaks to the promise of eternal life and communion with Christ. The phrase "where I am" is not just a physical location but a state of being in the presence of God. It reflects the ultimate hope of Christians to dwell with Christ in His glory.

that they may see My glory
The word "glory" (Greek "doxa") refers to the divine majesty and splendor of Christ. This glory is not only His pre-incarnate glory but also the glory revealed through His death, resurrection, and exaltation. The desire for believers to see His glory emphasizes the transformative power of beholding Christ, which leads to worship and adoration.

which You have given Me
This phrase underscores the divine origin of Christ's glory. The Father has bestowed this glory upon the Son, highlighting the unity and shared purpose within the Trinity. It also points to the fulfillment of God's redemptive plan through Jesus.

because You loved Me
The Greek word "egapesas" (loved) is in the aorist tense, indicating a completed action. This love is eternal and unchanging, rooted in the very nature of God. It is the foundation of the relationship between the Father and the Son and extends to all believers through Christ.

before the foundation of the world
This phrase speaks to the eternal nature of God's plan and purpose. The Greek word "kataboles" (foundation) refers to the creation of the world. It emphasizes that God's love and the plan of salvation were established before time began, offering believers assurance of their place in God's eternal purpose.

Righteous Father
The term "Righteous Father" is a profound acknowledgment of God's perfect justice and holiness. The Greek word for "righteous" is "dikaios," which conveys the idea of being just, fair, and morally right. In the context of the Bible, it emphasizes God's unwavering commitment to justice and truth. This address by Jesus highlights the intimate relationship between the Son and the Father, underscoring the divine nature of God as the ultimate standard of righteousness. Historically, the Jewish understanding of God as righteous was deeply rooted in the Old Testament, where God's justice was a central theme. Jesus' use of this term reaffirms His alignment with the Father’s will and character.

although the world has not known You
The phrase "the world has not known You" reflects the Greek word "ginosko," which means to know, understand, or perceive. In this context, it signifies a lack of intimate knowledge or relationship with God. The "world" here refers to the secular, unbelieving system that is often in opposition to God's kingdom. Historically, this highlights the spiritual blindness and ignorance prevalent among those who reject God's revelation. Despite the evidence of God's existence and character through creation and the prophets, many remain unaware or dismissive of His presence. This phrase serves as a reminder of the spiritual divide between the followers of Christ and the secular world.

I know You
The declaration "I know You" is a testament to the unique and profound relationship between Jesus and the Father. The Greek word "oida" is used here, which implies a deep, complete, and intuitive knowledge. This knowledge is not merely intellectual but relational, signifying the eternal communion between the Son and the Father. In the historical and scriptural context, Jesus' knowledge of the Father is unparalleled, as He is the incarnate Word, fully divine and fully human. This intimate knowledge underscores Jesus' authority and mission, as He perfectly reveals the Father to humanity.

and they know that You sent Me
The phrase "and they know that You sent Me" refers to the disciples' understanding and belief in Jesus' divine mission. The Greek word "ginosko" is again used, indicating a growing, experiential knowledge. The disciples, through their time with Jesus, have come to recognize and believe in His divine origin and purpose. This acknowledgment is crucial, as it forms the foundation of their faith and the early Christian witness. Historically, this belief set the disciples apart from the world, as they embraced the truth of Jesus' identity and mission. It also highlights the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies concerning the Messiah, whom God would send to redeem His people. This phrase serves as an encouragement for believers to deepen their understanding and conviction of Jesus' divine mission.

And I have made Your name known to them
The phrase "made Your name known" is deeply rooted in the Jewish understanding of God's name as a representation of His character and presence. In the Greek, "name" (ὄνομα, onoma) signifies more than just a label; it embodies the essence and authority of God. Jesus, throughout His ministry, revealed the nature and character of God the Father to His disciples, fulfilling the Old Testament prophecies and expectations. This revelation is not merely intellectual but relational, inviting believers into a deeper understanding and relationship with God.

and will continue to make it known
The continuation of making God's name known underscores the ongoing work of Christ through the Holy Spirit. The Greek verb here suggests a future action, indicating that Jesus' mission did not end with His earthly ministry. This promise assures believers that the revelation of God’s character and love is an ongoing process, facilitated by the Holy Spirit, who guides us into all truth (John 16:13). It emphasizes the dynamic and living nature of our relationship with God, which grows and deepens over time.

so that the love You have for Me
The love between the Father and the Son is the perfect model of divine love. The Greek word for love here is "ἀγάπη" (agape), which denotes a selfless, sacrificial, and unconditional love. This love is the foundation of the relationship within the Trinity and is the same love that God extends to humanity. Understanding this love is crucial for believers, as it is the standard by which we are called to love one another (John 13:34).

may be in them
The indwelling of divine love in believers is a transformative reality. The phrase "in them" indicates an intimate and personal experience of God's love, not just an external or theoretical concept. This indwelling is made possible through the Holy Spirit, who pours God's love into our hearts (Romans 5:5). It empowers believers to live out the love of Christ in their daily lives, reflecting His character to the world.

and I in them
The presence of Christ within believers is a profound mystery and a central tenet of Christian faith. The phrase "I in them" speaks to the union between Christ and His followers, a theme that is echoed throughout the New Testament (e.g., Galatians 2:20). This union is both mystical and practical, as it assures believers of Christ's continual presence, guidance, and empowerment. It is through this indwelling that believers are transformed into the likeness of Christ, bearing fruit for His kingdom (John 15:5).