Do not let your hearts be troubled
This phrase begins with a direct command from Jesus, addressing His disciples' emotional state. The Greek word for "troubled" is "ταράσσω" (tarassō), which conveys a sense of agitation or disturbance. In the context of John 14, Jesus is preparing His disciples for His impending departure, knowing that this news would naturally cause them distress. Historically, the disciples were facing a time of great uncertainty and fear, as their leader was speaking of leaving them. Jesus, in His compassion, seeks to calm their inner turmoil, emphasizing the importance of maintaining peace and trust in Him despite external circumstances.

You believe in God
Here, Jesus acknowledges the existing faith of His disciples in God. The Greek word for "believe" is "πιστεύω" (pisteuō), which means to have faith or trust. This phrase is a recognition of the disciples' foundational belief in the God of Israel, rooted in their Jewish heritage and understanding of the Old Testament. It is a call to continue in that faith, even as they face the unknown. The historical context is significant, as the disciples were steeped in a monotheistic tradition that emphasized trust in God's sovereignty and faithfulness.

believe also in Me
This phrase is a profound invitation from Jesus to extend the same trust they have in God to Himself. The repetition of "πιστεύω" (pisteuō) underscores the continuity and unity between belief in God and belief in Jesus. This is a pivotal moment in the Gospel of John, as it highlights the divinity of Christ and His role as the mediator between God and humanity. Theologically, this is a cornerstone of Christian faith, affirming the belief in the Trinity and the deity of Christ. Jesus is not merely a teacher or prophet; He is inviting His disciples to place their full confidence in Him as they do in God, reinforcing His identity as the Son of God.

In My Father’s house
This phrase refers to the heavenly dwelling place of God, often understood as heaven itself. The Greek word for "house" is "οἰκία" (oikia), which can mean a physical building or a household. In the context of Jewish tradition, the temple in Jerusalem was considered God's house on earth, a place where His presence dwelled. Here, Jesus speaks of a more profound, eternal dwelling, emphasizing the intimate relationship between God and His people. The "Father's house" signifies a place of belonging and eternal communion with God, reflecting the familial relationship believers have with the Father through Christ.

are many rooms
The Greek word for "rooms" is "μοναί" (monai), which can also be translated as "dwelling places" or "abodes." This term suggests not just physical space but a place of rest and permanence. In the cultural context of the time, a father's house would expand to accommodate the growing family, with new rooms added for each new family unit. This imagery conveys the idea of an expansive, inclusive heaven where there is ample space for all believers. It underscores the promise of eternal security and personal space in God's kingdom, tailored for each believer.

If it were not so
This phrase serves as an assurance from Jesus, emphasizing the truthfulness and reliability of His promise. The Greek construction here implies a condition contrary to fact, suggesting that if there were not many rooms, Jesus would not have said so. This highlights Jesus' role as a trustworthy teacher and the certainty of His words. It reassures believers of the reality of heaven and the preparations being made for them.

would I have told you
Here, Jesus appeals to His own authority and the trust His disciples have in Him. The rhetorical question underscores His transparency and honesty. It implies that Jesus has already communicated this truth to His disciples, reinforcing the idea that His teachings are consistent and reliable. This phrase invites believers to reflect on the trustworthiness of Jesus' promises and His commitment to their eternal well-being.

that I am going there
This part of the verse speaks to Jesus' impending departure through His death, resurrection, and ascension. The Greek verb "πορεύομαι" (poreuomai) means "to go" or "to journey," indicating a purposeful action. Jesus' going is not just a departure but a necessary step in the divine plan for salvation. It signifies His role as the forerunner who prepares the way for believers to enter the Father's presence. This journey is both a physical and spiritual preparation, ensuring that believers have access to eternal life.

to prepare a place for you
The Greek word "ἑτοιμάζω" (hetoimazō) means "to make ready" or "to prepare." This preparation is personal and intentional, highlighting Jesus' active role in securing a place for each believer in heaven. The imagery of preparation suggests care, thoughtfulness, and anticipation. It reflects the Jewish custom of a bridegroom preparing a home for his bride, symbolizing the intimate and covenantal relationship between Christ and His Church. This promise assures believers of their future inheritance and the personal attention Jesus gives to their eternal destiny.

And if I go
This phrase begins with a conditional "if," which in the Greek is "ἐὰν" (ean), suggesting a certainty rather than a mere possibility. Jesus is speaking to His disciples about His impending departure, which is His crucifixion, resurrection, and ascension. The "go" refers to His journey to the cross and ultimately to heaven. Historically, this was a time of great confusion and fear for the disciples, as they struggled to understand the necessity of Jesus' departure.

and prepare a place for you
The Greek word for "prepare" is "ἑτοιμάζω" (hetoimazō), which means to make ready. This preparation is not just about physical space but a spiritual readiness. Jesus is assuring His followers that His departure is purposeful, as He is making a way for them to be with the Father. The "place" signifies a dwelling in the Father's house, a concept deeply rooted in Jewish eschatological hope, where God's people would dwell with Him eternally.

I will come again
The promise "I will come again" is a cornerstone of Christian eschatology. The Greek "πάλιν ἔρχομαι" (palin erchomai) indicates a future return. This is a reference to the Second Coming of Christ, a foundational belief in conservative Christianity. It assures believers of Christ's return to fulfill His promises and establish His kingdom fully.

and receive you to Myself
The word "receive" in Greek is "παραλαμβάνω" (paralambanō), which means to take to oneself. This is a personal and intimate action, emphasizing the relational aspect of Jesus' promise. It reflects the deep love and commitment of Christ to His followers, ensuring that they will be with Him. This phrase reassures believers of their ultimate union with Christ, a central hope in Christian doctrine.

that where I am, you may be also
The phrase "where I am" speaks to the eternal presence of Christ with the Father. The Greek "ὅπου εἰμὶ ἐγώ" (hopou eimi egō) emphasizes the present and continuous existence of Jesus in the divine realm. The promise "you may be also" assures believers of their future presence with Christ. This is a profound encouragement, offering hope and comfort that transcends earthly trials, rooted in the assurance of eternal life with God.

You know
The phrase "You know" is a direct address to the disciples, indicating a level of familiarity and understanding that Jesus expects from them. In the Greek, the word used is "οἴδατε" (oidate), which implies not just knowledge but an intimate, experiential understanding. This suggests that Jesus is reminding His disciples of the teachings and experiences they have shared with Him, which have prepared them for what is to come. From a conservative Christian perspective, this emphasizes the importance of a personal relationship with Christ, where knowledge of Him is not merely intellectual but deeply personal and transformative.

the way
"The way" in Greek is "ὁδός" (hodos), which can mean a road, path, or journey. In the context of John's Gospel, "the way" is a profound metaphor for the spiritual journey and the path to salvation through Jesus Christ. Historically, early Christians were known as followers of "The Way," highlighting their commitment to living according to the teachings of Jesus. This phrase underscores the exclusivity and sufficiency of Christ as the only path to God, aligning with the conservative Christian belief in the necessity of faith in Jesus for salvation.

to the place
The phrase "to the place" refers to the destination Jesus is preparing for His followers. The Greek word "τόπος" (topos) can mean a physical location or a metaphorical space. In the context of John 14, it points to the heavenly dwelling Jesus promises to prepare for His disciples. This reflects the eschatological hope in Christianity, where believers anticipate an eternal home with God. The conservative Christian view holds that this promise is a source of comfort and assurance, affirming the reality of heaven and the believer's future with Christ.

where I am going
"Where I am going" speaks to Jesus' impending departure through His death, resurrection, and ascension. The Greek phrase "ὅπου ἐγὼ ὑπάγω" (hopou egō hypagō) indicates a purposeful movement towards a specific goal. Historically, this reflects Jesus' mission to fulfill the Father's will and prepare a place for His followers. From a conservative perspective, this phrase highlights the sovereignty and foreknowledge of Christ, who is in control of His destiny and the ultimate plan of redemption. It reassures believers of Jesus' active role in securing their eternal future and His ongoing presence with them through the Holy Spirit.

Thomas said to Him
Thomas, often referred to as "Doubting Thomas," is one of the twelve apostles. His character is marked by a desire for clarity and understanding, which is evident in this passage. The Greek name "Thomas" (Θωμᾶς) is derived from the Aramaic "Te'oma," meaning "twin." This highlights the dual nature of faith and doubt that Thomas embodies. His willingness to question and seek truth is a reminder of the importance of honest inquiry in the journey of faith.

Lord
The term "Lord" (Κύριε) is a title of respect and authority, acknowledging Jesus' divine status. In the Jewish context, calling someone "Lord" was a recognition of their authority and position. For Thomas to address Jesus in this way signifies his recognition of Jesus' divine authority, even amidst his uncertainty. This title reflects the early Christian understanding of Jesus as both teacher and divine master.

we do not know where You are going
This phrase captures the confusion and uncertainty of the disciples. The Greek word for "know" (οἴδαμεν) implies a deep, intuitive understanding. Thomas's admission of not knowing reflects the human struggle to comprehend divine plans. Historically, the disciples were expecting a political messiah, and Jesus' teachings about His departure and the Kingdom of God were often misunderstood. This statement underscores the disciples' need for revelation and guidance.

how can we know the way?
The word "way" (ὁδός) in Greek can mean a physical path or a metaphorical journey. Thomas's question reveals a desire for direction and clarity. In the broader scriptural context, "the way" is a significant theme, representing the path to salvation and relationship with God. This question sets the stage for Jesus' profound declaration in the following verse, where He identifies Himself as "the way, the truth, and the life." Thomas's inquiry is a universal human question about the path to spiritual fulfillment and eternal life.

Jesus answered
This phrase indicates a direct response from Jesus, emphasizing His role as a teacher and guide. The Greek word for "answered" is "ἀπεκρίθη" (apekrithē), which implies a definitive and authoritative response. In the context of the Last Supper, Jesus is addressing His disciples' concerns about His impending departure, providing them with reassurance and clarity.

I am
The phrase "I am" (Greek: "ἐγώ εἰμι," ego eimi) is significant, echoing the divine name revealed to Moses in Exodus 3:14, "I AM WHO I AM." This self-identification by Jesus asserts His divinity and eternal existence, aligning Him with God the Father. It is a profound declaration of His nature and mission.

the way
The Greek word for "way" is "ὁδός" (hodos), meaning a path or road. Jesus is not merely a guide but the path itself to God. In a historical context, roads were essential for travel and communication, symbolizing access and connection. Jesus as "the way" signifies the exclusive path to spiritual reconciliation and eternal life with God.

and the truth
The term "truth" in Greek is "ἀλήθεια" (alētheia), denoting reality, certainty, and faithfulness. Jesus embodies the ultimate truth of God's revelation. In a world filled with deception and falsehood, Jesus stands as the absolute standard of truth, fulfilling the promises and prophecies of the Old Testament.

and the life
The Greek word for "life" is "ζωή" (zōē), referring to both physical and eternal life. Jesus as "the life" indicates that He is the source of all life, both now and forever. This life is not merely biological but encompasses a spiritual vitality that begins with faith in Him and extends into eternity.

No one comes to the Father
This phrase underscores the exclusivity of Jesus' role as the mediator between humanity and God. The Greek word "οὐδεὶς" (oudeis) means "no one," emphasizing that there is no alternative route to God. This exclusivity is a cornerstone of Christian doctrine, affirming that salvation is found only through Jesus Christ.

except through Me
The preposition "through" (Greek: "διὰ," dia) indicates the means or channel by which something is accomplished. Jesus is the sole mediator and means of access to the Father. This statement challenges any notion of pluralism or alternative paths to God, reinforcing the necessity of faith in Christ for salvation.

If you had known Me
This phrase begins with a conditional statement, "If you had known Me," which implies a deeper, more intimate knowledge of Jesus than mere acquaintance. The Greek word for "known" here is "ἐγνώκειτε" (egnōkeite), which suggests a knowledge that is experiential and relational, not just intellectual. In the context of the Gospel of John, knowing Jesus is equated with recognizing His divine nature and mission. Historically, this reflects the Jewish understanding of knowing God, which involves a covenant relationship characterized by faithfulness and love.

you would know My Father as well
The phrase "you would know My Father as well" emphasizes the unity between Jesus and the Father. The Greek word for "know" here is "γνώσεσθε" (gnōsesthe), indicating a future knowledge that comes from understanding Jesus. This reflects the Johannine theme that to know Jesus is to know God the Father, as they are one in essence and purpose. This unity is a cornerstone of Trinitarian theology, which is central to conservative Christian doctrine.

From now on
"From now on" marks a pivotal moment in the disciples' understanding. It signifies a transition point in the narrative where Jesus is preparing His disciples for His impending departure and the coming of the Holy Spirit. This phrase suggests a new era of revelation and understanding that will be fully realized after Jesus' resurrection and the outpouring of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost.

you do know Him
The assurance "you do know Him" is a profound statement of the disciples' current relationship with God through Jesus. Despite their misunderstandings, Jesus affirms their knowledge of the Father because of their relationship with Him. This reflects the biblical principle that faith in Jesus grants believers access to a personal relationship with God.

and have seen Him
The phrase "and have seen Him" underscores the visible revelation of God in the person of Jesus Christ. The Greek word "ἑωράκατε" (heōrakate) means to see with physical eyes, but in the context of John's Gospel, it also implies spiritual insight. This statement is a direct claim to Jesus' divinity, as seeing Jesus is equated with seeing the Father. This aligns with the prologue of John's Gospel, where Jesus is described as the Word made flesh, revealing the glory of God. Historically, this would have been a radical claim, challenging the Jewish understanding of God's transcendence and invisibility.

Philip said to Him
Philip, one of the twelve apostles, often represents the earnest seeker of truth. His name, of Greek origin, means "lover of horses," which may symbolize strength and readiness to serve. In the context of the Gospel of John, Philip is portrayed as a practical and inquisitive disciple, eager to understand and experience the divine. His approach to Jesus here is direct and sincere, reflecting a deep desire for spiritual revelation.

Lord
The term "Lord" (Greek: "Kyrios") is a title of respect and authority, acknowledging Jesus' divine status. In the Jewish context, it is a recognition of Jesus as the Messiah, the anointed one sent by God. This title underscores the disciples' growing understanding of Jesus' identity, even as they grapple with the full implications of His divine nature.

show us the Father
This request reveals a profound longing for a direct encounter with God. In the Jewish tradition, seeing God was considered the ultimate spiritual experience, yet it was also understood to be impossible for mortals (Exodus 33:20). Philip's request echoes the human desire to know and experience God intimately. It also reflects a misunderstanding of Jesus' role as the visible representation of the Father, a theme central to John's Gospel.

and that will be enough for us
The phrase "that will be enough for us" indicates a belief that seeing the Father would satisfy their spiritual quest. It suggests a limited understanding of Jesus' mission and the nature of faith. In the broader biblical narrative, true satisfaction and fulfillment come not from physical sight but from spiritual insight and relationship with God through Christ. This statement sets the stage for Jesus' profound teaching on His unity with the Father, emphasizing faith over sight.

Jesus replied
The Greek word for "replied" is "λέγει" (legei), which is a present active indicative verb, indicating a continuous or repeated action. This suggests that Jesus is not merely responding to Philip's question but is engaging in an ongoing dialogue with His disciples. This reflects the intimate and personal relationship Jesus maintains with His followers, emphasizing His role as a teacher and guide.

Have I been with you all this time, Philip
The phrase "with you all this time" underscores the duration and depth of Jesus' ministry with His disciples. The Greek word "τόσουτον" (tosouton) for "all this time" implies a significant period, highlighting the patience and persistence of Jesus in revealing Himself to His disciples. The mention of "Philip" personalizes the message, reminding us that Jesus' teachings are directed to individuals, not just groups.

and still you do not know Me?
The Greek word for "know" is "γινώσκεις" (ginōskeis), which implies an experiential knowledge rather than mere intellectual understanding. This suggests that despite Philip's close proximity to Jesus, there is a deeper spiritual insight that he has yet to grasp. It challenges believers to seek a profound, personal relationship with Christ beyond surface-level familiarity.

Anyone who has seen Me
The word "seen" in Greek is "ἑωρακὼς" (heōrakōs), which is a perfect active participle, indicating a completed action with ongoing results. This implies that seeing Jesus is not just a physical act but a transformative experience that should lead to a deeper understanding of His divine nature.

has seen the Father
This statement is a profound theological declaration of the unity between Jesus and God the Father. The Greek word for "Father" is "Πατέρα" (Patera), emphasizing the intimate and familial relationship within the Trinity. This affirms the Christian doctrine of the deity of Christ, asserting that to know Jesus is to know God Himself.

How can you say, ‘Show us the Father’?
This rhetorical question challenges the disciples' understanding and faith. The Greek word "λέγεις" (legeis) for "say" suggests a verbal expression of doubt or misunderstanding. Jesus is gently rebuking Philip for not recognizing the revelation of God in His life and works. It serves as a reminder for believers to seek and recognize God's presence in Jesus, who is the visible image of the invisible God.

Do you not believe
This phrase challenges the disciples' faith and understanding. The Greek word for "believe" is "pisteuō," which implies trust and confidence. Jesus is urging His disciples to have faith in the profound unity between Him and the Father. This is not merely intellectual assent but a deep, relational trust that acknowledges Jesus' divine nature and mission.

that I am in the Father
The phrase "I am" (Greek: "egō eimi") is significant, echoing the divine name revealed to Moses in Exodus 3:14. It underscores Jesus' divinity and His unique relationship with the Father. The preposition "in" (Greek: "en") indicates an intimate, indwelling relationship, suggesting a profound unity and oneness with the Father that transcends human understanding.

and the Father is in Me?
This reciprocal indwelling emphasizes the mutual and perfect unity between Jesus and the Father. It reflects the Trinitarian relationship, where the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit exist in perfect harmony and unity. This concept is central to Christian theology, affirming the deity of Christ and His co-equal status with the Father.

The words I say to you
Jesus emphasizes the divine origin of His teachings. The Greek word for "words" is "rhēmata," which can refer to spoken words or sayings. Jesus' teachings are not merely human wisdom but are divinely inspired, carrying the authority and truth of God Himself.

I do not speak on My own
This phrase highlights Jesus' submission and obedience to the Father. It reflects the perfect harmony and unity of purpose within the Godhead. Jesus' mission is not self-initiated but is in complete alignment with the Father's will, demonstrating His role as the obedient Son.

Instead, it is the Father dwelling in Me
The word "dwelling" (Greek: "menō") implies a permanent, abiding presence. This indwelling signifies the intimate and continuous presence of the Father in Jesus, empowering Him to fulfill His divine mission. It reassures believers of the divine authority and authenticity of Jesus' works and words.

performing His works
The "works" (Greek: "erga") refer to the miraculous deeds and teachings of Jesus, which are manifestations of the Father's power and presence. These works authenticate Jesus' divine mission and reveal the nature and character of God. They serve as a testament to the truth of Jesus' claims and the reality of His unity with the Father.

Believe Me
The Greek word for "believe" is "pisteuō," which means to have faith or trust. In this context, Jesus is urging His disciples to have faith in His divine nature and unity with the Father. This call to belief is not just intellectual assent but a deep, personal trust in Jesus' identity and mission. Historically, this plea comes during the Last Supper, a time of intimate teaching and revelation, emphasizing the importance of faith in the face of impending trials.

that I am in the Father
The phrase "I am in the Father" speaks to the profound unity and relationship between Jesus and God the Father. The Greek preposition "en" (in) indicates a close, indwelling relationship. This concept is central to the doctrine of the Trinity, where Jesus is fully God, sharing the same essence as the Father. This unity is not merely functional but ontological, meaning it pertains to the very being and nature of Christ.

and the Father is in Me
This reciprocal indwelling highlights the mutual relationship between Jesus and the Father. The Father being "in" Jesus signifies that Jesus' actions, words, and works are direct manifestations of the Father's will and power. This mutual indwelling is a mystery that underscores the divine nature of Christ and His authority, as well as the perfect harmony within the Godhead.

or at least believe on account of the works themselves
Here, Jesus refers to His miracles and teachings as evidence of His divine authority and identity. The Greek word for "works" is "erga," which encompasses deeds, actions, and miracles. These works serve as tangible proof of Jesus' claims, providing a basis for belief even for those struggling to understand the deeper theological truths. Historically, Jesus' miracles were seen as signs pointing to His messianic identity, fulfilling Old Testament prophecies and demonstrating God's kingdom breaking into the world.

Truly, truly
The phrase "Truly, truly" is translated from the Greek "ἀμὴν ἀμὴν" (amen amen), which is a solemn affirmation of truth. In the Jewish tradition, "amen" is a declaration of affirmation, often used at the end of prayers. Here, Jesus uses it at the beginning of His statement to emphasize the certainty and importance of what He is about to say. This double use underscores the gravity and reliability of His promise, inviting the listener to pay close attention and trust in His words.

I tell you
This phrase indicates a direct and personal communication from Jesus to His disciples. The Greek "λέγω ὑμῖν" (lego hymin) suggests an intimate and authoritative declaration. Jesus is not merely sharing information; He is imparting a truth that is meant to transform the lives of His followers. It is a personal assurance from the Savior to each believer, emphasizing the relational aspect of His teaching.

whoever believes in Me
The Greek word for "believes" is "πιστεύων" (pisteuōn), which implies a deep, abiding trust and faith. This is not a superficial acknowledgment but a profound commitment to Jesus as Lord and Savior. The phrase "in Me" highlights the object of this faith—Jesus Himself. It is a call to a personal relationship with Christ, where belief is not just intellectual assent but a transformative trust that aligns one's life with His will.

will also do the works that I am doing
The "works" refer to the miraculous deeds and acts of compassion that characterized Jesus' ministry. The Greek "ἔργα" (erga) encompasses both physical miracles and spiritual acts of service. Jesus is empowering His followers to continue His mission on earth, suggesting that through faith and the power of the Holy Spirit, believers can participate in His redemptive work. This promise is both a challenge and an encouragement, calling Christians to live out their faith actively.

He will do even greater things than these
The phrase "even greater things" is intriguing and often debated. The Greek "μείζονα" (meizona) suggests not just more in quantity but greater in scope and impact. Historically, this has been understood to mean that the collective work of the Church, empowered by the Holy Spirit, would surpass Jesus' earthly ministry in reach and influence. This is evident in the spread of the Gospel and the transformation of lives across the world. It is a testament to the power of God working through His people.

because I am going to the Father
This phrase provides the reason for the promise. Jesus' return to the Father signifies the completion of His earthly mission and the beginning of a new era where the Holy Spirit would be sent to empower believers. The Greek "ὅτι" (hoti) indicates causation—because Jesus ascends to the Father, the Holy Spirit is given, enabling believers to carry out His works. This transition marks the fulfillment of God's redemptive plan and the establishment of the Church as His instrument on earth. It is a profound assurance that Jesus' physical departure is not an end but a new beginning for His followers.

And I will do
This phrase emphasizes the active role of Jesus in responding to the prayers of believers. The Greek verb "poieō" (ποιέω) is used here, which means "to make" or "to do." It signifies not just a passive reception of requests but an active engagement in fulfilling them. This reflects the ongoing work of Christ, even after His ascension, as He continues to intercede and act on behalf of His followers.

whatever you ask
The word "whatever" indicates the breadth and inclusivity of the promise. The Greek term "hos ean" (ὃς ἐὰν) suggests an openness to all requests, yet it is understood within the context of alignment with God's will. The act of asking, "aiteō" (αἰτέω), implies a relationship of dependence and trust, where believers approach God with their needs and desires, confident in His ability to respond.

in My name
This phrase is crucial for understanding the nature of prayer in the Christian faith. The Greek "en tō onomati mou" (ἐν τῷ ὀνόματί μου) means more than just appending "in Jesus' name" to a prayer. It signifies praying with the authority, character, and will of Jesus. To pray in His name is to align one's requests with His purposes and to seek His glory above all.

so that the Father may be glorified
The ultimate purpose of answered prayer is the glorification of the Father. The Greek word "doxazō" (δοξάζω) means "to glorify" or "to honor." This reflects the biblical theme that God's glory is the highest aim of all creation. When prayers are answered, it is not merely for the benefit of the petitioner but to reveal and magnify the character and majesty of God.

in the Son
This phrase highlights the mediatory role of Jesus. The Greek "en tō Huiō" (ἐν τῷ Υἱῷ) indicates that the glorification of the Father is accomplished through the Son. Jesus is the means by which God's glory is revealed to the world. This underscores the unity and harmony within the Trinity, where the work of the Son is always in perfect alignment with the will and glory of the Father.

If you ask Me
This phrase emphasizes the personal relationship between the believer and Jesus. The Greek word for "ask" is "αἰτέω" (aiteo), which implies a request or petition. It suggests a humble approach, recognizing Jesus as the source of all provision. Historically, this reflects the Jewish tradition of prayer, where supplicants would approach God with reverence and faith. In the context of the New Testament, it underscores the shift from the Old Covenant, where priests interceded, to the New Covenant, where believers have direct access to Jesus.

for anything
The term "anything" is translated from the Greek word "τι" (ti), which means anything or whatever. This indicates the boundless nature of what can be requested, highlighting the generosity and omnipotence of Christ. However, it is understood within the broader scriptural context that "anything" aligns with God's will and character. This phrase encourages believers to bring all concerns, big or small, to Jesus, trusting in His wisdom and power.

in My name
The phrase "in My name" is crucial, as it signifies the authority and character of Jesus. The Greek "ὄνομα" (onoma) means name, but it also implies reputation and authority. In ancient times, a name represented the essence of a person. Praying in Jesus' name means aligning one's requests with His will, purpose, and nature. It is not a magical formula but a declaration of faith and submission to His lordship. This reflects the early Christian understanding of Jesus as the mediator between God and humanity.

I will do it
This promise, "I will do it," is a powerful assurance from Jesus. The Greek "ποιήσω" (poieso) means to make or to do, indicating action and fulfillment. It reflects Jesus' divine authority and His commitment to act on behalf of those who believe in Him. Historically, this promise would have been revolutionary for the early Christians, offering them confidence in their prayers and reinforcing their faith in Jesus' active role in their lives. It assures believers of Jesus' ongoing presence and intervention in their daily circumstances.

If you love Me
This phrase sets the foundation for the entire verse. The Greek word for "love" here is "ἀγαπάω" (agapao), which refers to a selfless, sacrificial, unconditional love. This is the same type of love that God shows humanity. In the context of the Gospel of John, this love is not merely an emotional feeling but a commitment to follow Jesus and His teachings. Historically, this reflects the covenantal relationship between God and His people, where love is demonstrated through obedience and faithfulness.

you will keep
The Greek word for "keep" is "τηρέω" (tēreō), which means to guard, observe, or give heed to. This implies more than just passive observance; it suggests an active, vigilant effort to maintain and uphold. In the historical context of the early church, keeping Jesus' commandments was a way to demonstrate one's faith and commitment to the new covenant established through Christ. It reflects a lifestyle of discipleship and dedication.

My commandments
The term "commandments" in Greek is "ἐντολή" (entolē), which refers to orders or directives given by an authority. In the context of John's Gospel, these commandments are not just the ethical teachings of Jesus but encompass His entire message and mission. This includes the call to love one another, as Jesus loved, and to live in a way that reflects the values of the Kingdom of God. Historically, this would have been understood as a call to live counter-culturally, in contrast to the prevailing norms of the Roman Empire and Jewish legalism.

And I will ask the Father
In this phrase, Jesus is speaking directly to His disciples, indicating His role as an intercessor. The Greek word for "ask" is "erōtēsō," which implies a request made with familiarity and confidence. This highlights the intimate relationship between Jesus and the Father, underscoring the unity within the Trinity. Jesus, as the Son, has the authority and privilege to make requests of the Father, emphasizing His divine nature and His ongoing role as our mediator.

and He will give you
The promise of the Father giving something to the disciples is significant. The Greek word "dōsei" (will give) suggests a future action that is certain and assured. This reflects the faithfulness of God in fulfilling His promises. The giving is not based on the merit of the disciples but on the grace and purpose of God. It is a reminder of the generosity and benevolence of the Father, who provides for His children out of His abundant love.

another Advocate
The term "Advocate" is translated from the Greek word "Paraklētos," which can also mean Comforter, Counselor, or Helper. The use of "another" (Greek: "allon") indicates that this Advocate will be of the same kind as Jesus Himself. This points to the Holy Spirit, who will continue the work of Christ among the disciples. The Holy Spirit is a divine person, not merely a force, who comes alongside believers to guide, teach, and empower them for the Christian life.

to be with you forever
The promise of the Advocate's presence "forever" is a profound assurance of the eternal nature of the Holy Spirit's indwelling. The Greek word "eis ton aiōna" (forever) signifies an unending duration, highlighting the permanence of the Spirit's role in the life of a believer. This eternal presence is a source of comfort and strength, ensuring that believers are never alone. It reflects the unbreakable bond between God and His people, secured through the work of the Holy Spirit.

the Spirit of truth
This phrase refers to the Holy Spirit, who is characterized by truth. In Greek, the word for "truth" is "aletheia," which signifies not just factual accuracy but also reliability and faithfulness. The Holy Spirit, as the Spirit of truth, guides believers into all truth, revealing the reality of God and His Word. Historically, the Spirit's role as a guide into truth has been crucial for the early church, ensuring the preservation and correct interpretation of the teachings of Jesus.

The world cannot receive Him
"The world" in this context refers to the system of human society that is in opposition to God. The Greek word "kosmos" is used here, often denoting the secular world that is blind to spiritual realities. The inability of the world to receive the Spirit highlights a spiritual blindness and a lack of receptivity to divine truth. This reflects the broader biblical theme of the separation between those who are of the world and those who are of God.

because it neither sees Him nor knows Him
The world’s inability to "see" or "know" the Spirit underscores a lack of spiritual perception and relationship. The Greek word for "see" is "theoreo," which implies a deeper understanding or discernment beyond physical sight. "Knows" comes from "ginosko," indicating an experiential knowledge. This suggests that spiritual truths require a relationship with God to be truly understood, a relationship that the world, in its fallen state, does not possess.

But you do know Him
Jesus assures His disciples that they "know" the Spirit, using the same Greek word "ginosko," which implies an intimate, personal knowledge. This knowledge is not merely intellectual but relational, stemming from their relationship with Jesus. The disciples' familiarity with the Spirit is a result of their time with Christ, who embodies the truth and reveals the Father.

for He abides with you
The word "abides" is translated from the Greek "meno," meaning to remain or dwell. This indicates a continual presence and fellowship. The Spirit's abiding presence with the disciples signifies a constant companionship and support, reminiscent of God's promise to dwell with His people throughout the Old Testament.

and will be in you
This future promise points to the indwelling of the Holy Spirit, which would be fully realized at Pentecost. The preposition "in" (Greek "en") signifies an internal, transformative presence. This indwelling marks a new era in God's relationship with His people, where the Spirit empowers, guides, and sanctifies believers from within, fulfilling the promise of a new covenant where God's law is written on the hearts of His people.

I will not leave you
This phrase is a profound promise from Jesus, emphasizing His commitment and faithfulness to His disciples. The Greek word for "leave" here is "ἀφίημι" (aphiēmi), which can also mean to send away or abandon. In the cultural and historical context of the time, abandonment was a significant fear, especially in a society where family and community ties were crucial for survival and identity. Jesus assures His followers that He will not abandon them, highlighting His role as a faithful shepherd and protector. This promise is a source of comfort, reminding believers that Jesus is always present, even when He is not physically visible.

as orphans
The term "orphans" in Greek is "ὀρφανούς" (orphanos), which refers to children who have lost their parents and are left without guidance or protection. In the ancient world, orphans were among the most vulnerable members of society, often facing neglect and hardship. By using this metaphor, Jesus is addressing the disciples' fear of being left alone after His departure. He reassures them that they will not be left without guidance or support. This promise extends to all believers, affirming that they are part of God's family and will never be spiritually abandoned.

I will come to you
This phrase is a promise of Jesus' return and continued presence. The Greek verb "ἔρχομαι" (erchomai) means to come or to arrive. This can be understood in several ways: the coming of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost, Jesus' resurrection appearances, and His eventual second coming. Each interpretation underscores the assurance of Jesus' ongoing presence and involvement in the lives of His followers. Historically, this promise would have been a source of hope and encouragement for the early Christian community facing persecution and uncertainty. For contemporary believers, it serves as a reminder of the intimate and personal relationship they have with Christ, who is always present to guide, comfort, and empower them.

After a little while
This phrase indicates a short period of time, suggesting an imminent event. In the context of John 14, Jesus is preparing His disciples for His impending crucifixion and resurrection. The Greek word used here is "mikron," which conveys a sense of brevity. Historically, this reflects the urgency and immediacy of the events that were about to unfold, emphasizing the transient nature of Jesus' physical absence from His disciples.

the world will see Me no more
Here, "the world" refers to those who do not believe in Jesus or understand His mission. The Greek term "kosmos" is often used to denote the secular world in contrast to the spiritual realm. This phrase foreshadows Jesus' death and the fact that His physical presence will no longer be visible to the unbelieving world. It underscores the separation between those who are spiritually attuned to Jesus and those who are not.

but you will see Me
This promise is directed towards the disciples, indicating a special revelation or understanding that they will receive. The Greek word "horao" implies not just physical sight but also spiritual perception. This suggests that the disciples will experience Jesus' presence in a new and profound way after His resurrection, highlighting the intimate relationship between Jesus and His followers.

Because I live
The phrase "I live" is a declaration of Jesus' victory over death. The Greek verb "zao" signifies not just existence but a vibrant, eternal life. This statement is foundational to Christian belief, affirming the resurrection as the cornerstone of faith. It assures believers of Jesus' ongoing presence and power, providing hope and assurance of eternal life.

you also will live
This promise extends the gift of eternal life to the disciples and, by extension, to all believers. The use of "zao" here mirrors its earlier use, emphasizing the shared life between Jesus and His followers. It assures believers of their participation in the resurrection life, offering hope and encouragement in the face of trials and persecution. This phrase encapsulates the essence of the Christian hope: life in Christ, both now and forever.

On that day
This phrase refers to a specific time of revelation and understanding, often interpreted as the day of Pentecost when the Holy Spirit descended upon the disciples. In the Greek, "ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ" (en ekeinē tē hēmera) signifies a future moment of divine enlightenment. Historically, this marks a pivotal moment in the early Church, where the followers of Christ would experience a profound spiritual awakening and empowerment.

you will know
The Greek word for "know" here is "γνώσεσθε" (gnōsesthe), which implies a deep, intimate understanding rather than mere intellectual acknowledgment. This knowledge is experiential, rooted in the transformative work of the Holy Spirit. It suggests a certainty and assurance that comes from a personal relationship with Christ, transcending mere doctrinal knowledge.

that I am in My Father
This phrase emphasizes the unity and divine relationship between Jesus and God the Father. The Greek "ἐγὼ ἐν τῷ Πατρί" (egō en tō Patri) underscores the concept of perichoresis, the mutual indwelling of the Trinity. This theological truth is foundational to understanding the nature of God as revealed in the New Testament, affirming the deity of Christ and His oneness with the Father.

and you are in Me
Here, Jesus speaks of the believer's union with Him. The Greek "ὑμεῖς ἐν ἐμοί" (hymeis en emoi) conveys a profound spiritual connection, indicating that believers are incorporated into the life of Christ. This union is central to the Christian faith, symbolizing the believer's participation in the death and resurrection of Jesus, and is a source of spiritual strength and identity.

and I am in you
This final phrase highlights the indwelling presence of Christ within the believer. The Greek "κἀγὼ ἐν ὑμῖν" (kagō en hymin) speaks to the intimate and personal relationship that Jesus offers to each of His followers. It is a promise of His continual presence, guidance, and empowerment through the Holy Spirit. This indwelling is a source of comfort and assurance, affirming that believers are never alone and are constantly supported by the love and power of Christ.

Whoever has My commandments
The phrase "has My commandments" implies possession and understanding of Jesus' teachings. The Greek word for "has" is "ἔχει" (echei), which denotes not just physical possession but an internalization and acceptance. In the historical context, Jesus' commandments are not merely rules but a way of life that reflects His teachings and character. This phrase emphasizes the importance of knowing and embracing the teachings of Christ as foundational to the Christian faith.

and keeps them
The word "keeps" comes from the Greek "τηρεῖ" (tērei), meaning to guard or observe. This suggests a vigilant and active effort to live according to Jesus' teachings. In a conservative Christian perspective, this is seen as a call to obedience and faithfulness, reflecting a life transformed by the Gospel. The historical context of the early church, which faced persecution, highlights the importance of steadfastness in keeping Christ's commandments.

is the one who loves Me
Here, love is demonstrated through action. The Greek word for love, "ἀγαπᾷ" (agapaō), is a selfless, sacrificial love that mirrors Christ's love for humanity. This phrase underscores the belief that true love for Jesus is evidenced by obedience to His commandments. In the scriptural context, love is not merely an emotion but a commitment to live in accordance with God's will.

The one who loves Me
Reiterating the previous point, this phrase emphasizes the personal relationship between the believer and Christ. It suggests that love for Jesus is the defining characteristic of a true disciple. Historically, this personal relationship was revolutionary, as it shifted the focus from ritualistic adherence to the law to a relational faith centered on Christ.

will be loved by My Father
This phrase highlights the reciprocal nature of divine love. The Greek word for "loved" is "ἀγαπηθήσεται" (agapēthēsetai), indicating a future promise of God's love. In a conservative Christian view, this reflects the Trinitarian relationship where the Father's love is extended to those who love the Son. It assures believers of their place in God's family, rooted in the historical covenantal promises of the Old Testament.

and I will love him
Jesus promises His personal love to those who love Him. The use of "ἀγαπήσω" (agapēsō) for "love" again emphasizes a deep, abiding love. This assurance of Christ's love is central to the believer's faith journey, providing comfort and strength. In the scriptural context, it reflects the intimate relationship between Christ and His followers, akin to the shepherd and his sheep.

and reveal Myself to him
The word "reveal" comes from the Greek "ἐμφανίσω" (emphanisō), meaning to manifest or make known. This promise of revelation indicates a deeper understanding and experience of Christ's presence. Historically, this revelation is seen as both a present reality through the Holy Spirit and a future hope in the fullness of God's kingdom. For conservative Christians, this underscores the transformative power of a relationship with Jesus, where He continually reveals His will and character to those who love Him.

Judas (not Iscariot)
This phrase clarifies the identity of the speaker, distinguishing him from Judas Iscariot, the betrayer. This Judas is also known as Thaddaeus or Lebbaeus, one of the twelve apostles. The distinction is crucial, as it highlights the diversity of the disciples and their unique roles. Historically, this Judas is less prominent in the Gospel narratives, yet his question here reflects a deep curiosity and concern for understanding Jesus' mission. His inquiry represents the genuine quest for knowledge and truth that characterizes a faithful disciple.

said to Him
This phrase indicates a direct communication with Jesus, emphasizing the personal relationship between the disciples and their Master. In the context of the Upper Room discourse, this interaction is intimate and profound. The Greek verb "eipen" (εἶπεν) used here suggests a thoughtful and intentional dialogue, reflecting the disciples' desire to comprehend Jesus' teachings fully.

Lord
The use of "Lord" (Greek: "Kyrios") signifies respect, authority, and recognition of Jesus' divine status. In the Jewish context, calling someone "Lord" was a sign of reverence and acknowledgment of their higher position. For the disciples, addressing Jesus as "Lord" underscores their belief in His messianic identity and divine mission.

why are You going to reveal Yourself
This question reveals the disciples' struggle to understand the nature of Jesus' revelation. The Greek word for "reveal" is "emphanizo" (ἐμφανίζω), which means to manifest or make visible. The disciples expected a more public and worldly manifestation of the Messiah, consistent with Jewish expectations of a conquering king. However, Jesus' revelation is spiritual and personal, intended for those who believe and follow Him.

to us
The phrase "to us" highlights the personal and selective nature of Jesus' revelation. It underscores the intimate relationship between Jesus and His disciples, who are chosen to receive His teachings and understand His mission. This selective revelation is a theme throughout the Gospels, where Jesus often speaks in parables to the crowds but explains the deeper meanings to His disciples.

and not to the world?
This part of the question reflects a common expectation of the Messiah's role in Jewish eschatology, where the Messiah would be a public figure, bringing salvation and judgment to all. The "world" (Greek: "kosmos") often represents humanity in its fallen state, opposed to God's kingdom. Jesus' response to this question, which follows in the subsequent verses, clarifies that His kingdom is not of this world and that His revelation is for those who love Him and keep His commandments. This distinction between the disciples and the world emphasizes the transformative power of faith and the personal nature of Jesus' relationship with His followers.

Jesus replied
This phrase indicates a direct response from Jesus, emphasizing His role as the divine teacher and authority. The Greek word for "replied" is "ἀπεκρίθη" (apekrithē), which conveys a sense of answering or responding with authority. In the context of the Gospel of John, Jesus often responds to questions or situations with profound spiritual truths, underscoring His divine wisdom and insight.

If anyone loves Me
The conditional "if" introduces a premise that hinges on personal choice and commitment. The Greek word for "loves" is "ἀγαπᾷ" (agapaō), which refers to a selfless, sacrificial love. This love is not merely emotional but is demonstrated through action and obedience. In the historical context of Jesus' ministry, love for Him was radical, often requiring a departure from traditional religious practices and societal norms.

he will keep My word
The phrase "keep My word" implies obedience and adherence to Jesus' teachings. The Greek word for "keep" is "τηρήσει" (tērēsei), meaning to guard or observe. This suggests a vigilant and intentional effort to live according to Jesus' instructions. In the broader scriptural context, keeping God's word is a recurring theme, highlighting the importance of aligning one's life with divine truth.

My Father will love him
This promise of divine love from the Father is contingent upon the believer's love and obedience to Jesus. The relationship between the Father and the believer is deepened through this mutual love. Historically, this was a revolutionary concept, as it presented a personal and intimate relationship with God, contrasting with the distant and formal relationship often experienced in the religious practices of the time.

and We will come to him
The use of "We" signifies the unity and co-operation between the Father and the Son. The promise of coming to the believer indicates a divine presence and fellowship. The Greek word "ἐλευσόμεθα" (eleusometha) suggests an active and intentional coming, emphasizing God's desire to be present with His people.

and make Our home with him
The concept of making a home, "μονὴν" (monēn), implies a permanent dwelling place. This is not a temporary visit but an enduring presence. In the historical and cultural context, the idea of God making His home with believers was profound, as it signified a shift from the temple as the sole dwelling place of God to the hearts of believers. This reflects the New Covenant promise of God's Spirit residing within His people, offering comfort, guidance, and assurance of His continual presence.

Whoever does not love Me
This phrase emphasizes the essential nature of love in the relationship between Jesus and His followers. The Greek word for love here is "agapao," which denotes a selfless, sacrificial love. In the context of the New Testament, this love is not merely emotional but is demonstrated through actions and obedience. Historically, this reflects the covenantal relationship God has with His people, where love is expressed through faithfulness and adherence to His commandments.

does not keep My words
The Greek word for "keep" is "tereo," which means to guard, observe, or give heed to. This implies a vigilant and active effort to adhere to Jesus' teachings. In the Jewish tradition, keeping God's commandments was a sign of devotion and reverence. Here, Jesus equates love for Him with obedience to His teachings, underscoring the inseparable link between love and obedience in the Christian life.

The word that you hear
The term "word" in Greek is "logos," which can mean a message, teaching, or doctrine. In the Gospel of John, "logos" is also used to describe Jesus Himself as the divine Word made flesh (John 1:1). This highlights the authority and divine origin of Jesus' teachings. The phrase suggests that the teachings of Jesus are not merely human wisdom but carry divine authority and truth.

is not My own
This phrase indicates the humility and submission of Jesus to the Father. It reflects the Trinitarian relationship where the Son willingly submits to the Father's will. In the historical context of the Gospel, this statement would have been radical, as it asserts the divine origin of Jesus' mission and message, distinguishing Him from other teachers of the time.

but it is from the Father who sent Me
The phrase underscores the divine mission and authority of Jesus. The Greek word for "sent" is "apostello," which means to send forth with a commission. This term is used to describe the sending of prophets in the Old Testament, indicating that Jesus is the ultimate messenger of God. Theologically, this affirms the unity and purpose within the Trinity, where the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit work in harmony for the redemption of humanity. This statement reassures believers of the divine origin and reliability of Jesus' teachings, encouraging them to trust and obey His words as they would the Father's.

All this
This phrase refers to the teachings and revelations Jesus has imparted to His disciples. In the Greek, "ταῦτα πάντα" (tauta panta) emphasizes the totality and completeness of His message. Jesus has been preparing His disciples for His departure, ensuring they have a comprehensive understanding of His mission and the Kingdom of God. This underscores the importance of His teachings as foundational truths for the Christian faith.

I have spoken
The Greek verb "λελάληκα" (lelalēka) is in the perfect tense, indicating a completed action with ongoing effects. Jesus' words are not just historical utterances but living truths that continue to resonate and guide believers. His spoken word carries divine authority and power, echoing the creative word of God in Genesis, which brought the universe into existence.

to you
This personal address highlights the intimate relationship between Jesus and His disciples. The Greek "ὑμῖν" (hymin) signifies a direct communication, emphasizing that His teachings are meant for those who follow Him closely. It reflects the personal nature of discipleship, where Jesus imparts wisdom and guidance to those who are committed to His path.

while I am still with you
This phrase, "μεθ’ ὑμῶν μένων" (meth’ hymōn menōn), indicates the temporal context of Jesus' earthly ministry. It acknowledges the impending change as Jesus prepares for His crucifixion, resurrection, and ascension. Historically, this was a pivotal moment for the disciples, as they were about to transition from having Jesus physically present to experiencing His presence through the Holy Spirit. This underscores the urgency and importance of His teachings, as they would soon need to rely on the Spirit for guidance and remembrance of His words.

But the Advocate
The term "Advocate" is translated from the Greek word "Parakletos," which means one who is called to one's side, especially to help. In the context of the New Testament, it refers to the Holy Spirit as a helper, comforter, and counselor. This highlights the personal and relational aspect of the Holy Spirit's role in the life of believers, emphasizing His active involvement in guiding and supporting them.

the Holy Spirit
The Holy Spirit is the third person of the Trinity, co-equal with the Father and the Son. The Greek term "Pneuma" is used here, which can mean breath or wind, symbolizing the Spirit's invisible yet powerful presence. The Holy Spirit's role is multifaceted, including empowering, sanctifying, and indwelling believers, thus enabling them to live out their faith.

whom the Father will send
This phrase underscores the Trinitarian relationship within the Godhead. The Father, as the source, sends the Holy Spirit, indicating divine initiative and purpose. The sending of the Spirit is a fulfillment of Jesus' promise and a continuation of God's redemptive plan, ensuring that believers are not left alone but are equipped for their spiritual journey.

in My name
To be sent "in My name" signifies the authority and representation of Jesus. The Holy Spirit comes as Jesus' representative, continuing His work and mission on earth. This phrase also implies that the Spirit's actions and teachings will be consistent with Jesus' character and teachings, ensuring continuity and fidelity to the gospel message.

will teach you all things
The teaching ministry of the Holy Spirit is comprehensive, covering "all things" necessary for life and godliness. The Greek word "didasko" implies instruction and guidance, suggesting that the Spirit will lead believers into deeper understanding and application of spiritual truths. This promise assures believers of divine wisdom and insight as they navigate their faith journey.

and will remind you of everything I have told you
The Holy Spirit's role as a reminder is crucial for the disciples and, by extension, all believers. The Greek word "hupomimnesko" means to bring to remembrance. This function ensures that the teachings of Jesus are not forgotten but are continually brought to mind, enabling believers to live in accordance with His words. This promise is particularly significant for the early disciples, who would later recount and record Jesus' teachings in the New Testament.

Peace I leave with you
The word "peace" in Greek is "eirēnē," which signifies more than just the absence of conflict. It encompasses a sense of wholeness, completeness, and tranquility. In the Jewish context, this aligns with the Hebrew word "shalom," which implies a state of harmony and well-being. Jesus, in His farewell discourse, assures His disciples of a lasting peace that He imparts to them. This peace is a legacy, a gift that remains with them even after His departure. Historically, peace was a common farewell in Jewish culture, but Jesus elevates it to a divine promise.

My peace I give to you
The emphasis on "My peace" indicates a peace that is uniquely Christ's. It is not derived from worldly circumstances but from His divine nature and relationship with the Father. This peace is rooted in the assurance of salvation and the presence of the Holy Spirit. It is a peace that transcends understanding, as described in Philippians 4:7. Jesus' peace is a profound inner calm that persists despite external chaos, reflecting His own serenity in the face of suffering and death.

I do not give to you as the world gives
The world offers peace that is often temporary and conditional, based on external factors such as political stability or personal success. In contrast, Jesus' peace is unconditional and eternal. The world’s peace can be superficial, often masking underlying turmoil. Jesus contrasts His divine gift with the fleeting and often deceptive peace of the world, highlighting the depth and authenticity of what He offers.

Do not let your hearts be troubled
The Greek word for "troubled" is "tarassō," meaning to be agitated or disturbed. Jesus commands His disciples to resist the natural inclination towards anxiety and fear. This is a call to trust in His promises and presence. Historically, the disciples faced uncertainty and persecution, yet Jesus encourages them to maintain a steadfast heart. This directive is a reminder of the power of faith to overcome emotional turmoil.

do not be afraid
Fear, in this context, is a natural human response to the unknown and to potential threats. Jesus reassures His followers that they need not succumb to fear because of His abiding presence and the peace He provides. The command to not be afraid is a recurring theme throughout Scripture, often associated with divine assurance and protection. In a world filled with uncertainties, this exhortation remains a powerful reminder of the security found in Christ.

You heard Me say
This phrase emphasizes the importance of listening to Jesus' words. In the Greek, "ἀκούω" (akouo) means to hear or listen, implying not just the act of hearing but understanding and internalizing the message. Jesus is reminding His disciples of His previous teachings, urging them to recall His promises and prophecies. This highlights the necessity of faith and trust in His words, even when circumstances seem uncertain.

I am going away
The Greek word "ὑπάγω" (hypago) is used here, meaning to depart or go away. Jesus is speaking of His impending crucifixion, resurrection, and ascension. Historically, this was a time of great confusion and fear for the disciples, as they struggled to comprehend the necessity of His departure. Yet, this departure is part of the divine plan for redemption, underscoring the sacrificial love of Christ.

and I am coming back to you
The promise of return is encapsulated in the Greek "ἔρχομαι" (erchomai), meaning to come or arrive. This refers to both His post-resurrection appearances and His eventual second coming. It is a reassurance to the disciples that His departure is not permanent. This promise is a cornerstone of Christian hope, affirming that Jesus will fulfill His promise to return and establish His eternal kingdom.

If you loved Me
The conditional "εἰ" (ei) introduces a hypothetical situation, challenging the disciples to examine their love for Jesus. The Greek word for love here is "ἀγαπάω" (agapao), denoting a selfless, sacrificial love. True love for Christ is demonstrated through understanding and accepting His mission, even when it involves His physical absence.

you would rejoice
The Greek "χαίρω" (chairo) means to rejoice or be glad. Jesus is teaching that true love for Him should lead to joy, even in the face of His departure. This joy stems from understanding the greater purpose of His going to the Father, which is the fulfillment of God's redemptive plan.

that I am going to the Father
The phrase "πρὸς τὸν Πατέρα" (pros ton Patera) indicates movement towards the Father, signifying Jesus' return to His pre-incarnate glory and the completion of His earthly mission. This is a cause for rejoicing because it signifies the successful accomplishment of salvation and the opening of a new relationship between God and humanity.

because the Father is greater than I
The Greek "μείζων" (meizon) means greater, indicating a hierarchical relationship within the Trinity during Jesus' earthly ministry. This does not imply inferiority in essence or nature but rather a functional subordination. Historically, this has been a point of theological discussion, affirming the distinct roles within the Godhead while maintaining the unity and equality of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. This statement invites believers to marvel at the mystery of the Trinity and the humility of Christ in His incarnation.

And now
This phrase signifies a transition and immediacy in Jesus' discourse. The Greek word "καὶ νῦν" (kai nyn) indicates a present moment that is crucial. Jesus is drawing His disciples' attention to the importance of the present time, emphasizing the urgency and significance of His message. In the context of the Upper Room Discourse, this moment is pivotal as Jesus prepares His disciples for His impending departure.

I have told you
The Greek verb "εἴρηκα" (eirēka) is in the perfect tense, indicating a completed action with ongoing effects. Jesus has already communicated essential truths to His disciples, and these truths are meant to remain with them. This reflects the role of Jesus as the divine teacher, whose words are not only informative but transformative, intended to prepare and fortify His followers for future events.

before it happens
The phrase "πρὸ τοῦ γενέσθαι" (pro tou genesthai) underscores Jesus' foreknowledge and prophetic insight. By telling His disciples what will occur before it happens, Jesus demonstrates His divine omniscience. This prophetic element is a testament to His identity as the Son of God, who knows the end from the beginning, and it serves to reassure the disciples of His sovereign control over future events.

so that when it does happen
Here, the purpose clause "ἵνα ὅταν γένηται" (hina hotan genētai) reveals Jesus' intention behind His foretelling. The use of "when" rather than "if" indicates certainty. Jesus is preparing His disciples for the inevitable, ensuring that they are not caught off guard. This preparation is an act of divine love and care, equipping them to face the coming trials with faith and understanding.

you will believe
The Greek word "πιστεύσητε" (pisteusēte) is in the subjunctive mood, suggesting potential or purpose. Jesus' foretelling is designed to strengthen the disciples' faith. When the predicted events come to pass, their belief in Jesus and His teachings will be reinforced. This belief is not merely intellectual assent but a deep, abiding trust in Jesus as the Messiah and Son of God. It highlights the transformative power of fulfilled prophecy in the life of a believer, serving as a foundation for enduring faith amidst trials.

I will not speak with you much longer
This phrase indicates a sense of urgency and finality in Jesus' discourse with His disciples. The Greek word for "speak" here is "laleō," which implies a conversational or informal manner of speaking. Jesus is preparing His disciples for His imminent departure, emphasizing the limited time He has left to impart crucial teachings. Historically, this moment is set during the Last Supper, a pivotal time when Jesus is imparting His final instructions and comfort to His followers before His crucifixion.

for the prince of this world is coming
The "prince of this world" refers to Satan, a title that underscores his temporary dominion over earthly affairs. The Greek word "archōn" for "prince" suggests a ruler or authority figure, highlighting the spiritual battle between good and evil. This phrase acknowledges the reality of spiritual warfare and the influence of evil in the world. However, it also implies the transient nature of Satan's power, as Jesus' impending sacrifice will ultimately defeat him. The historical context of this statement is crucial, as it foreshadows the events of the crucifixion and the subsequent victory over sin and death.

He has no claim on Me
This declaration asserts Jesus' sinlessness and His authority over Satan. The Greek word "echō" for "claim" can also mean "hold" or "grasp," indicating that Satan has no power or legal right over Jesus. This is a profound statement of Jesus' divine nature and His perfect obedience to the Father. In a broader scriptural context, this phrase reassures believers of Jesus' victory over sin and evil, affirming that through Him, they too can overcome the power of the enemy. This assurance is foundational to the Christian faith, emphasizing the security and freedom found in Christ.

But I do exactly
The phrase "I do exactly" underscores Jesus' perfect obedience to the Father. The Greek word for "do" is "poieō," which implies action, execution, and fulfillment. This highlights Jesus' active role in fulfilling God's will, not passively but with precision and intent. His actions are not arbitrary but are in complete alignment with divine instruction, setting a model for believers to follow in their own lives.

what the Father has commanded Me
The term "commanded" comes from the Greek "entellomai," meaning to enjoin or charge. This indicates a direct and authoritative instruction from God the Father to Jesus. It reflects the intimate relationship and unity between the Father and the Son, where Jesus' mission is a direct reflection of the Father's will. Historically, this obedience is seen as a fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies and the divine plan for salvation.

so that the world may know
The phrase "so that the world may know" reveals the purpose behind Jesus' obedience: to be a testimony to the world. The Greek word "ginōskō" for "know" implies a deep, experiential understanding. Jesus' actions are meant to reveal the nature of God to humanity, inviting them into a relationship with Him. This is a call for believers to live in such a way that their lives point others to God.

that I love the Father
Here, "love" is translated from the Greek "agapaō," which denotes a selfless, sacrificial love. Jesus' love for the Father is demonstrated through His obedience, showing that true love is expressed through action and commitment. This love is central to the Christian faith, where believers are called to love God with all their heart, soul, and mind, as Jesus exemplified.

Get up, let us go on from here
This command, "Get up, let us go on from here," signifies a transition. It is both literal and symbolic, as Jesus prepares to move towards His impending crucifixion. The phrase suggests readiness and resolve, encouraging His disciples to follow Him despite the challenges ahead. It serves as a metaphor for the Christian journey, urging believers to rise and follow Christ with determination and faith, trusting in His guidance and purpose.