Acts 25:16
New International Version
“I told them that it is not the Roman custom to hand over anyone before they have faced their accusers and have had an opportunity to defend themselves against the charges.

New Living Translation
I pointed out to them that Roman law does not convict people without a trial. They must be given an opportunity to confront their accusers and defend themselves.

English Standard Version
I answered them that it was not the custom of the Romans to give up anyone before the accused met the accusers face to face and had opportunity to make his defense concerning the charge laid against him.

Berean Standard Bible
I told them that it is not the Roman custom to hand a man over before he has had an opportunity to face his accusers and defend himself against their charges.

Berean Literal Bible
to whom I answered that it is not the custom with Romans to give up any man before that the one being accused may have it to face the accusers, and he may have the opportunity of defense concerning the accusation.

King James Bible
To whom I answered, It is not the manner of the Romans to deliver any man to die, before that he which is accused have the accusers face to face, and have licence to answer for himself concerning the crime laid against him.

New King James Version
To them I answered, ‘It is not the custom of the Romans to deliver any man to destruction before the accused meets the accusers face to face, and has opportunity to answer for himself concerning the charge against him.’

New American Standard Bible
I replied to them that it is not the custom of the Romans to hand over any person before the accused meets his accusers face to face, and has an opportunity to make his defense against the charges.

NASB 1995
“I answered them that it is not the custom of the Romans to hand over any man before the accused meets his accusers face to face and has an opportunity to make his defense against the charges.

NASB 1977
“And I answered them that it is not the custom of the Romans to hand over any man before the accused meets his accusers face to face, and has an opportunity to make his defense against the charges.

Legacy Standard Bible
I answered them that it is not the custom of the Romans to hand over any man before the accused meets his accusers face to face and has an opportunity to make his defense against the charges.

Amplified Bible
I told them that it was not the custom of the Romans to hand over any man [for punishment] before the accused meets his accusers face to face and has the opportunity to defend himself against the charges.

Christian Standard Bible
I answered them that it is not the Roman custom to give someone up before the accused faces the accusers and has an opportunity for a defense against the charges.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
I answered them that it’s not the Romans’ custom to give any man up before the accused confronts the accusers face to face and has an opportunity to give a defense concerning the charges.

American Standard Version
To whom I answered, that it is not the custom of the Romans to give up any man, before that the accused have the accusers face to face, and have had opportunity to make his defense concerning the matter laid against him.

Contemporary English Version
I told them it isn't the Roman custom to hand a man over to people who are bringing charges against him. He must first have the chance to meet them face to face and to defend himself against their charges.

English Revised Version
To whom I answered, that it is not the custom of the Romans to give up any man, before that the accused have the accusers face to face, and have had opportunity to make his defence concerning the matter laid against him.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
"I replied to them, 'That's not the Roman way of doing things. A person can't be sentenced as a favor. Before he is sentenced, he must face his accusers and have a chance to defend himself against their accusation.'

Good News Translation
But I told them that we Romans are not in the habit of handing over any who are accused of a crime before they have met their accusers face-to-face and have had the chance of defending themselves against the accusation.

International Standard Version
I answered them that it was not the Roman custom to sentence a man to be punished until the accused met his accusers face to face and had an opportunity to defend himself against the charge.

Majority Standard Bible
I told them that it is not the Roman custom to hand a man over to die before he has had an opportunity to face his accusers and defend himself against their charges.

NET Bible
I answered them that it was not the custom of the Romans to hand over anyone before the accused had met his accusers face to face and had been given an opportunity to make a defense against the accusation.

New Heart English Bible
To whom I answered that it is not the custom of the Romans to give up anyone before the accused has met the accusers face to face, and has had opportunity to make his defense against the charge.

Webster's Bible Translation
To whom I answered, It is not the manner of the Romans to deliver any man to die, before he who is accused hath the accusers face to face, and hath license to answer for himself concerning the crime laid against him.

Weymouth New Testament
My reply was that it is not the custom among the Romans to give up any one for punishment before the accused has had his accusers face to face, and has had an opportunity of defending himself against the charge which has been brought against him.

World English Bible
I answered them that it is not the custom of the Romans to give up any man to destruction before the accused has met the accusers face to face and has had opportunity to make his defense concerning the matter laid against him.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
to whom I answered, that it is not a custom of Romans to make a favor of any man to die, before that he who is accused may have the accusers face to face, and may receive place of defense in regard to the charge laid against [him].

Berean Literal Bible
to whom I answered that it is not the custom with Romans to give up any man before that the one being accused may have it to face the accusers, and he may have the opportunity of defense concerning the accusation.

Young's Literal Translation
unto whom I answered, that it is not a custom of Romans to make a favour of any man to die, before that he who is accused may have the accusers face to face, and may receive place of defence in regard to the charge laid against him.

Smith's Literal Translation
To whom I answered, That it is not the custom to Romans to yield up any man to destruction, before that the accused may have the accusers before the face, and take place for defence for the accusation.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
To whom I answered: It is not the custom of the Romans to condemn any man, before that he who is accused have his accusers present, and have liberty to make his answer, to clear himself of the things laid to his charge.

Catholic Public Domain Version
I answered them that it is not the custom of the Romans to condemn any man, before he who is being accused has been confronted by his accusers and has received the opportunity to defend himself, so as to clear himself of the charges.

New American Bible
I answered them that it was not Roman practice to hand over an accused person before he has faced his accusers and had the opportunity to defend himself against their charge.

New Revised Standard Version
I told them that it was not the custom of the Romans to hand over anyone before the accused had met the accusers face to face and had been given an opportunity to make a defense against the charge.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
I told them, It is not the Roman custom to give up a man to be slain, until his accusers come and accuse him face to face, and give him a chance to defend himself against the charges.

Aramaic Bible in Plain English
“And I said to them, 'It is not the custom of the Romans to give a man for slaughter as a favor until his adversary at law shall come and blame him to his face and he shall be given an opportunity to render a defense concerning that of which he is accused.”
NT Translations
Anderson New Testament
I replied to them, that it is not the custom of the Romans to deliver any man up to death, before the accused has had his accusers face to face, and has had an opportunity to answer concerning the charge that is against him.

Godbey New Testament
to whom I responded, that it is not the customs to the Romans to slay any man gratuitously, before that the accused may have his accusers face to face, and receive a place of defence concerning the charge.

Haweis New Testament
To whom I replied, That it was not customary for Romans to give up any man gratuitously to destruction, before that the person accused should have his accusers produced face to face, and be allowed opportunity to defend himself against the charge.

Mace New Testament
I told them, it was not the custom of the Romans to deliver up any man, till he was accus'd and confronted by his accusers, and had an opportunity of pleading to the charge.

Weymouth New Testament
My reply was that it is not the custom among the Romans to give up any one for punishment before the accused has had his accusers face to face, and has had an opportunity of defending himself against the charge which has been brought against him.

Worrell New Testament
to whom I made answer, It is not a custom with Romans to grant as a favor any man, before the accused has the accuser face to face, and has opportunity to answer for himself concerning the charge laid against him.

Worsley New Testament
To whom I answered, it is not the custom of the Romans to give up any man to destruction, till he that is accused have the accusers face to face, and have an opportunity of making his defence concerning the accusation.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Festus Consults King Agrippa
15While I was in Jerusalem, the chief priests and elders of the Jews presented their case and requested a judgment against him. 16I told them that it is not the Roman custom to hand a man over before he has had an opportunity to face his accusers and defend himself against their charges. 17So when they came here with me, I did not delay. The next day I sat on the judgment seat and ordered that the man be brought in.…

Cross References
Deuteronomy 19:15
A lone witness is not sufficient to establish any wrongdoing or sin against a man, regardless of what offense he may have committed. A matter must be established by the testimony of two or three witnesses.

John 7:51
“Does our law convict a man without first hearing from him to determine what he has done?”

Proverbs 18:13
He who answers a matter before he hears it—this is folly and disgrace to him.

Proverbs 18:17
The first to state his case seems right until another comes and cross-examines him.

Exodus 23:1
“You shall not spread a false report. Do not join the wicked by being a malicious witness.

Numbers 35:30
If anyone kills a person, the murderer is to be put to death on the testimony of the witnesses. But no one is to be put to death based on the testimony of a lone witness.

Matthew 18:16
But if he will not listen, take one or two others along, so that ‘every matter may be established by the testimony of two or three witnesses.’

1 Timothy 5:19
Do not entertain an accusation against an elder, except on the testimony of two or three witnesses.

Deuteronomy 1:16-17
At that time I charged your judges: “Hear the disputes between your brothers, and judge fairly between a man and his brother or a foreign resident. / Show no partiality in judging; hear both small and great alike. Do not be intimidated by anyone, for judgment belongs to God. And bring to me any case too difficult for you, and I will hear it.”

Deuteronomy 17:6
On the testimony of two or three witnesses a man shall be put to death, but he shall not be executed on the testimony of a lone witness.

Deuteronomy 19:18
The judges shall investigate thoroughly, and if the witness is proven to be a liar who has falsely accused his brother,

Isaiah 1:17
Learn to do right; seek justice and correct the oppressor. Defend the fatherless and plead the case of the widow.”

John 18:29-30
So Pilate went out to them and asked, “What accusation are you bringing against this man?” / “If He were not a criminal,” they replied, “we would not have handed Him over to you.”

Acts 23:30
When I was informed that there was a plot against the man, I sent him to you at once. I also instructed his accusers to present their case against him before you.

Acts 24:8
By examining him yourself, you will be able to learn the truth about all our charges against him.”


Treasury of Scripture

To whom I answered, It is not the manner of the Romans to deliver any man to die, before that he which is accused have the accusers face to face, and have license to answer for himself concerning the crime laid against him.

It is not.

Acts 25:4,5
But Festus answered, that Paul should be kept at Caesarea, and that he himself would depart shortly thither

and have.

Acts 26:1
Then Agrippa said unto Paul, Thou art permitted to speak for thyself. Then Paul stretched forth the hand, and answered for himself:

Deuteronomy 17:4
And it be told thee, and thou hast heard of it, and inquired diligently, and, behold, it be true, and the thing certain, that such abomination is wrought in Israel:

Deuteronomy 19:17,18
Then both the men, between whom the controversy is, shall stand before the LORD, before the priests and the judges, which shall be in those days; …

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Accused Accusers Charge Crime Custom Defending Defense Deliver Destruction Die Face Hand Laid Manner Matter Met Opportunity Punishment Romans
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Accused Accusers Charge Crime Custom Defending Defense Deliver Destruction Die Face Hand Laid Manner Matter Met Opportunity Punishment Romans
Acts 25
1. The Jews accuse Paul before Festus.
8. He answers for himself,
11. and appeals unto Caesar.
14. Afterwards Festus opens his matter to king Agrippa;
23. and he is brought forth.
25. Festus clears him of having done anything worthy of death.














I told them
This phrase indicates a direct communication from the speaker, who is the Roman governor, Festus. The context here is a legal proceeding, and Festus is explaining Roman legal principles to the Jewish leaders. The Greek word used here for "told" is "apokrinomai," which means to answer or respond. This reflects the Roman commitment to justice and due process, which was a hallmark of Roman law and governance.

that it is not the Roman custom
The phrase highlights the established legal traditions of Rome, which were known for their structured legal system. The Greek word "ethos" is used for "custom," indicating a habitual practice or tradition. This underscores the importance of legal precedent and the rule of law in Roman society, which was a significant influence on Western legal systems.

to hand a man over
This phrase refers to the act of delivering a person into the custody of another, particularly for trial or punishment. The Greek word "charizomai" is used here, which can mean to grant or give freely. In this context, it emphasizes the legal procedure that must be followed before someone can be condemned or punished.

before he has had an opportunity
This phrase underscores the principle of fairness and the right to a fair trial. The Greek word "topos" is used for "opportunity," meaning a place or occasion. It reflects the Roman legal principle that an accused person must be given a chance to present their case, which is a foundational aspect of justice.

to face his accusers
This phrase is central to the concept of a fair trial, where the accused has the right to confront those who accuse them. The Greek word "prosopon" is used for "face," meaning face-to-face or in person. This principle is echoed in modern legal systems, emphasizing transparency and accountability in judicial proceedings.

and defend himself
The right to defense is a critical component of justice. The Greek word "apologeomai" is used here, meaning to speak in one's defense. This reflects the Roman legal system's emphasis on allowing the accused to present their side of the story, ensuring that justice is not only done but seen to be done.

against their charges
This phrase refers to the specific accusations brought against the accused. The Greek word "katagoria" is used for "charges," meaning an accusation or indictment. It highlights the necessity for specific and clear charges to be presented, allowing the accused to know exactly what they are defending against, which is a cornerstone of legal fairness.

(16) To whom I answered . . .--The facts of the case are stated with fair accuracy, but there is a certain measure of ostentation in the way in which Festus speaks of "the manner of the Romans." It was, perhaps, natural that a procurator just entering on his term of office, should announce, as with a flourish of trumpets, that he at least was going to be rigidly impartial in his administration of justice. It is fair to state that, as far as we know, his conduct was not inconsistent with his profession.

To deliver any man . . .--The use of the same verb as that which St. Paul had used in Acts 25:16 shows that the arrow shot at a venture had hit the mark. Festus is eager to repel the charge. The words "to die" (literally, unto destruction) are not found in the best MSS., and seem to have been added by way of explanation. The language of the procurator is strictly official. The accused and the accusers are to stand face to face, and the former is to have an opening for his apologia, or defence, in answer to the indictment.

Verse 16. - That it is for it is, A.V.; custom for manner, A.V.; to give up for to deliver... to die, A.V. and T.R.; the accused for he which is accused, A.V.; have had opportunity to make his defense concerning the matter for have license to answer for himself concerning the crime, A.V. To give up (above, ver. 11, note). Have had opportunity to make his defense (τόπον ἀπολογίας λάβοι); see Acts 22:1, note.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Greek
I told
ἀπεκρίθην (apekrithēn)
Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 1st Person Singular
Strong's 611: From apo and krino; to conclude for oneself, i.e. to respond; by Hebraism to begin to speak.

[them]
οὓς (hous)
Personal / Relative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Plural
Strong's 3739: Who, which, what, that.

it was
ἔστιν (estin)
Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 1510: I am, exist. The first person singular present indicative; a prolonged form of a primary and defective verb; I exist.

not
οὐκ (ouk)
Adverb
Strong's 3756: No, not. Also ouk, and ouch a primary word; the absolute negative adverb; no or not.

[the] Roman custom
ἔθος (ethos)
Noun - Nominative Neuter Singular
Strong's 1485: A custom, habit; an institute, rite. From etho; a usage.

to hand
χαρίζεσθαί (charizesthai)
Verb - Present Infinitive Middle or Passive
Strong's 5483: (a) To show favor to, (b) To pardon, forgive, (c) To show kindness.

a
τινα (tina)
Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Singular
Strong's 5100: Any one, some one, a certain one or thing. An enclitic indefinite pronoun; some or any person or object.

man {over}
ἄνθρωπον (anthrōpon)
Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular
Strong's 444: A man, one of the human race. From aner and ops; man-faced, i.e. A human being.

before
πρὶν (prin)
Adverb
Strong's 4250: Formerly, before. Adverb from pro; prior, sooner.

[he]
(ho)
Article - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

has
λάβοι (laboi)
Verb - Aorist Optative Active - 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 2983: (a) I receive, get, (b) I take, lay hold of.

[an] opportunity
τόπον (topon)
Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular
Strong's 5117: Apparently a primary word; a spot, i.e. Location; figuratively, condition, opportunity; specially, a scabbard.

to
κατὰ (kata)
Preposition
Strong's 2596: A primary particle; down, in varied relations (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined).

face
πρόσωπον (prosōpon)
Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular
Strong's 4383: From pros and ops; the front, i.e. The countenance, aspect, appearance, surface; by implication, presence, person.

[his]
τοὺς (tous)
Article - Accusative Masculine Plural
Strong's 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

accusers
κατηγόρους (katēgorous)
Noun - Accusative Masculine Plural
Strong's 2725: An accuser, prosecutor. From kata and agora; against one in the assembly, i.e. A complainant at law; specially, Satan.

and
τε (te)
Conjunction
Strong's 5037: And, both. A primary particle of connection or addition; both or also.

defend himself
ἀπολογίας (apologias)
Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular
Strong's 627: A verbal defense (particularly in a law court). From the same as apologeomai; a plea.

against
περὶ (peri)
Preposition
Strong's 4012: From the base of peran; properly, through, i.e. Around; figuratively with respect to; used in various applications, of place, cause or time.

[their]
τοῦ (tou)
Article - Genitive Neuter Singular
Strong's 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

charges.
ἐγκλήματος (enklēmatos)
Noun - Genitive Neuter Singular
Strong's 1462: An accusation, charge. From egkaleo; an accusation, i.e. Offence alleged.


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