Lamentations 1:10
New International Version
The enemy laid hands on all her treasures; she saw pagan nations enter her sanctuary— those you had forbidden to enter your assembly.

New Living Translation
The enemy has plundered her completely, taking every precious thing she owns. She has seen foreigners violate her sacred Temple, the place the LORD had forbidden them to enter.

English Standard Version
The enemy has stretched out his hands over all her precious things; for she has seen the nations enter her sanctuary, those whom you forbade to enter your congregation.

Berean Standard Bible
The adversary has seized all her treasures. For she has seen the nations enter her sanctuary—those You had forbidden to enter Your assembly.

King James Bible
The adversary hath spread out his hand upon all her pleasant things: for she hath seen that the heathen entered into her sanctuary, whom thou didst command that they should not enter into thy congregation.

New King James Version
The adversary has spread his hand Over all her pleasant things; For she has seen the nations enter her sanctuary, Those whom You commanded Not to enter Your assembly.

New American Standard Bible
The adversary has stretched out his hand Over all her precious things, For she has seen the nations enter her sanctuary, The ones whom You commanded That they were not to enter Your congregation.

NASB 1995
The adversary has stretched out his hand Over all her precious things, For she has seen the nations enter her sanctuary, The ones whom You commanded That they should not enter into Your congregation.

NASB 1977
The adversary has stretched out his hand Over all her precious things, For she has seen the nations enter her sanctuary, The ones whom Thou didst command That they should not enter into Thy congregation.

Legacy Standard Bible
The adversary has stretched out his hand Over all her desirable things, For she has seen the nations enter her sanctuary, The ones whom You commanded That they should not enter into Your assembly.

Amplified Bible
The adversary has spread out his hand Over all her precious and desirable things; For she has seen the [Gentile] nations enter her sanctuary (the Jerusalem temple)— The ones whom You commanded That they should not enter into Your congregation [not even in the outer courts].

Christian Standard Bible
The adversary has seized all her precious belongings. She has even seen the nations enter her sanctuary — those you had forbidden to enter your assembly.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
The adversary has seized all her precious belongings. She has even seen the nations enter her sanctuary— those You had forbidden to enter Your assembly.

American Standard Version
The adversary hath spread out his hand upon all her pleasant things: For she hath seen that the nations are entered into her sanctuary, Concerning whom thou didst command that they should not enter into thine assembly.

Contemporary English Version
Zion's treasures were stolen. Jerusalem saw foreigners enter her place of worship, though the LORD had forbidden them to belong to his people.

English Revised Version
The adversary hath spread out his hand upon all her pleasant things: for she hath seen that the heathen are entered into her sanctuary, concerning whom thou didst command that they should not enter into thy congregation.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
The enemies laid their hands on all of the city's treasures. Jerusalem has seen the nations enter the holy place. 'O Lord, they are the same people you have forbidden to enter your congregation.'

Good News Translation
The enemies robbed her of all her treasures. She saw them enter the Temple itself, Where the LORD had forbidden Gentiles to go.

International Standard Version
The adversary seized in his hands everything she valued. She watched the nations enter her sanctuary; those you forbade to enter your place of meeting.

Majority Standard Bible
The adversary has seized all her treasures. For she has seen the nations enter her sanctuary—those You had forbidden to enter Your assembly.

NET Bible
An enemy grabbed all her valuables. Indeed she watched in horror as Gentiles invaded her holy temple--those whom you had commanded: "They must not enter your assembly place."

New Heart English Bible
The adversary has spread out his hand on all her precious things: for she has seen that the nations have entered into her sanctuary, concerning whom you commanded that they should not enter into your assembly.

Webster's Bible Translation
The adversary hath spread out his hand upon all her pleasant things: for she hath seen that the heathen entered into her sanctuary, whom thou didst command that they should not enter into thy congregation.

World English Bible
The adversary has spread out his hand on all her pleasant things; for she has seen that the nations have entered into her sanctuary, concerning whom you commanded that they should not enter into your assembly.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
His hand has spread out an adversary "" On all her desirable things, "" For she has seen—Nations have entered her sanctuary, "" Concerning which You commanded, "" “They do not come into the assembly to you.”

Young's Literal Translation
His hand spread out hath an adversary On all her desirable things, For she hath seen -- Nations have entered her sanctuary, Concerning which Thou didst command, 'They do not come into the assembly to thee.'

Smith's Literal Translation
The adversary spread out his hand upon all her delights, for she saw the nations came in to her holy place, which thou didst command they shall not come in to the convocation to thee.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Jod. The enemy hath put out his hand to all her desirable things: for she hath seen the Gentiles enter into her sanctuary, of whom thou gavest commandment that they should not enter into thy church.

Catholic Public Domain Version
JOD. The enemy has sent his hand against all her desirable ones. For she has watched the Gentiles enter her sanctuary, even though you instructed that they should not enter into your church.

New American Bible
The foe stretched out his hands to all her precious things; She has seen the nations enter her sanctuary, Those you forbade to come into your assembly.

New Revised Standard Version
Enemies have stretched out their hands over all her precious things; she has even seen the nations invade her sanctuary, those whom you forbade to enter your congregation.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
The oppressor has stretched out his hands upon all her pleasant things; for I have seen the Gentiles violate thy sanctuary, whom thou didst command that they should not enter into thy congregation.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
Yodh The oppressor spread his hands over all her pleasures, and she saw the Gentiles who entered your sanctuary, whom you have commanded that they shall not enter your assembly
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
The adversary hath spread out his hand Upon all her treasures; For she hath seen that the heathen Are entered into her sanctuary, Concerning whom Thou didst command That they should not enter into Thy congregation.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
JOD. The oppressor has stretched out his hand on all her desirable things: for she has seen the Gentiles entering into her sanctuary, concerning whom thou didst command that they should not enter into thy congregation.
Audio Bible



Context
How Lonely Lies the City
9Her uncleanness stains her skirts; she did not consider her end. Her downfall was astounding; there was no one to comfort her. Look, O LORD, on my affliction, for the enemy has triumphed! 10The adversary has seized all her treasures. For she has seen the nations enter her sanctuary— those You had forbidden to enter Your assembly. 11All her people groan as they search for bread. They have traded their treasures for food to keep themselves alive. Look, O LORD, and consider, for I have become despised.…

Cross References
Nehemiah 13:4-9
Now before this, Eliashib the priest, a relative of Tobiah, had been put in charge of the storerooms of the house of our God / and had prepared for Tobiah a large room where they had previously stored the grain offerings, the frankincense, the temple articles, and the tithes of grain, new wine, and oil prescribed for the Levites, singers, and gatekeepers, along with the contributions for the priests. / While all this was happening, I was not in Jerusalem, because I had returned to Artaxerxes king of Babylon in the thirty-second year of his reign. Some time later I obtained leave from the king ...

Psalm 79:1
A Psalm of Asaph. The nations, O God, have invaded Your inheritance; they have defiled Your holy temple and reduced Jerusalem to rubble.

Isaiah 64:10-11
Your holy cities have become a wilderness. Zion has become a wasteland and Jerusalem a desolation. / Our holy and beautiful temple, where our fathers praised You, has been burned with fire, and all that was dear to us lies in ruins.

Jeremiah 51:51
“We are ashamed because we have heard reproach; disgrace has covered our faces, because foreigners have entered the holy places of the LORD’s house.”

Ezekiel 7:21-22
And I will hand these things over as plunder to foreigners and loot to the wicked of the earth, who will defile them. / I will turn My face away from them, and they will defile My treasured place. Violent men will enter it, and they will defile it.

Joel 3:17
Then you will know that I am the LORD your God, who dwells in Zion, My holy mountain. Jerusalem will be holy, never again to be overrun by foreigners.

Matthew 21:12-13
Then Jesus entered the temple courts and drove out all who were buying and selling there. He overturned the tables of the money changers and the seats of those selling doves. / And He declared to them, “It is written: ‘My house will be called a house of prayer.’ But you are making it ‘a den of robbers.’”

Mark 11:15-17
When they arrived in Jerusalem, Jesus entered the temple courts and began to drive out those who were buying and selling there. He overturned the tables of the money changers and the seats of those selling doves. / And He would not allow anyone to carry merchandise through the temple courts. / Then Jesus began to teach them, and He declared, “Is it not written: ‘My house will be called a house of prayer for all the nations’? But you have made it ‘a den of robbers.’”

Luke 19:45-46
Then Jesus entered the temple courts and began to drive out those who were selling there. / He declared to them, “It is written: ‘My house will be a house of prayer.’ But you have made it ‘a den of robbers.’”

John 2:14-16
In the temple courts He found men selling cattle, sheep, and doves, and money changers seated at their tables. / So He made a whip out of cords and drove all from the temple courts, both sheep and cattle. He poured out the coins of the money changers and overturned their tables. / To those selling doves He said, “Get these out of here! How dare you turn My Father’s house into a marketplace!”

Acts 21:28-29
crying out, “Men of Israel, help us! This is the man who teaches everyone everywhere against our people and against our law and against this place. Furthermore, he has brought Greeks into the temple and defiled this holy place.” / For they had previously seen Trophimus the Ephesian with him in the city, and they assumed that Paul had brought him into the temple.

2 Kings 24:13
As the LORD had declared, Nebuchadnezzar also carried off all the treasures from the house of the LORD and the royal palace, and he cut into pieces all the gold articles that Solomon king of Israel had made in the temple of the LORD.

2 Chronicles 36:18-19
who carried off everything to Babylon—all the articles of the house of God, both large and small, and the treasures of the house of the LORD and of the king and his officials. / Then the Chaldeans set fire to the house of God and broke down the wall of Jerusalem. They burned down all the palaces and destroyed every article of value.

Daniel 5:2-3
Under the influence of the wine, Belshazzar gave orders to bring in the gold and silver vessels that Nebuchadnezzar his father had taken from the temple in Jerusalem, so that the king could drink from them, along with his nobles, his wives, and his concubines. / Thus they brought in the gold vessels that had been taken from the temple, the house of God in Jerusalem, and the king drank from them, along with his nobles, his wives, and his concubines.

Ezra 1:7-11
King Cyrus also brought out the articles belonging to the house of the LORD that Nebuchadnezzar had carried away from Jerusalem and placed in the temple of his gods. / Cyrus king of Persia had them brought out by the hand of Mithredath the treasurer, who counted them out to Sheshbazzar the prince of Judah. / This was the inventory: 30 gold dishes, 1,000 silver dishes, 29 silver utensils, ...


Treasury of Scripture

The adversary has spread out his hand on all her pleasant things: for she has seen that the heathen entered into her sanctuary, whom you did command that they should not enter into your congregation.

spread

Lamentations 1:7
Jerusalem remembered in the days of her affliction and of her miseries all her pleasant things that she had in the days of old, when her people fell into the hand of the enemy, and none did help her: the adversaries saw her, and did mock at her sabbaths.

Isaiah 5:13,14
Therefore my people are gone into captivity, because they have no knowledge: and their honourable men are famished, and their multitude dried up with thirst…

Jeremiah 15:13
Thy substance and thy treasures will I give to the spoil without price, and that for all thy sins, even in all thy borders.

pleasant.

Lamentations 1:7
Jerusalem remembered in the days of her affliction and of her miseries all her pleasant things that she had in the days of old, when her people fell into the hand of the enemy, and none did help her: the adversaries saw her, and did mock at her sabbaths.

seen

Psalm 74:4-8
Thine enemies roar in the midst of thy congregations; they set up their ensigns for signs…

Psalm 79:1-7
A Psalm of Asaph. O God, the heathen are come into thine inheritance; thy holy temple have they defiled; they have laid Jerusalem on heaps…

Isaiah 63:18
The people of thy holiness have possessed it but a little while: our adversaries have trodden down thy sanctuary.

whom

Deuteronomy 23:3
An Ammonite or Moabite shall not enter into the congregation of the LORD; even to their tenth generation shall they not enter into the congregation of the LORD for ever:

Nehemiah 13:1
On that day they read in the book of Moses in the audience of the people; and therein was found written, that the Ammonite and the Moabite should not come into the congregation of God for ever;

Ezekiel 44:7
In that ye have brought into my sanctuary strangers, uncircumcised in heart, and uncircumcised in flesh, to be in my sanctuary, to pollute it, even my house, when ye offer my bread, the fat and the blood, and they have broken my covenant because of all your abominations.

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Adversary Assembly Command Commanded Congregation Desirable Desired Enemy Enter Entered Forbid Forbidden Hand Hands Hater Heathen Holy Invade Laid Meeting Nations Ones Orders Pagan Pleasant Precious Sanctuary Spread Stretched Treasures
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Adversary Assembly Command Commanded Congregation Desirable Desired Enemy Enter Entered Forbid Forbidden Hand Hands Hater Heathen Holy Invade Laid Meeting Nations Ones Orders Pagan Pleasant Precious Sanctuary Spread Stretched Treasures
Lamentations 1
1. The miseries of Jerusalem and of the Jews lamented
12. The attention of beholders demanded to this unprecedented case
18. The justice of God acknowledged, and his mercy supplicated.














The enemy has stretched out his hand
The phrase "stretched out his hand" is a vivid depiction of aggression and domination. In Hebrew, the word for "stretched out" (שָׁלַח, shalach) often implies an intentional and forceful action. Historically, this reflects the Babylonian conquest of Jerusalem, where the enemy's reach extended into the very heart of the city. This imagery conveys not only physical invasion but also a spiritual violation, as the enemy's hand symbolizes the desecration of what was once sacred and protected.

over all her treasures
The term "treasures" (אוֹצָר, otzar) refers to the wealth and sacred items of Jerusalem, including the temple's riches. These treasures were not merely material but held deep spiritual significance, representing God's blessings and the covenant with Israel. The loss of these treasures signifies a profound spiritual and cultural devastation, as the enemy's plundering is not just theft but an assault on the identity and faith of the people.

she has seen the nations enter her sanctuary
The "sanctuary" (מִקְדָּשׁ, mikdash) is the holy temple, the dwelling place of God among His people. The entrance of "the nations" (גּוֹיִם, goyim) into this sacred space is a direct violation of divine law and order. Historically, this refers to the Babylonians entering the temple, an act of sacrilege that underscores the depth of Jerusalem's humiliation and the severity of God's judgment. This invasion is a stark reminder of the consequences of Israel's disobedience and the fulfillment of prophetic warnings.

those You had forbidden to enter Your assembly
The "assembly" (קָהָל, qahal) refers to the congregation of Israel, a community set apart for worship and service to God. The nations entering this assembly highlights the reversal of divine order, where those who were once excluded due to their idolatry and impurity now trample upon what was holy. This phrase underscores the theme of judgment and the loss of divine protection, as God's people experience the consequences of their covenant unfaithfulness. It serves as a call to repentance and a reminder of the need for holiness and obedience to God's commands.

(10) Upon all her pleasant things . . .--The use of a like phrase in 2Chronicles 36:10; 2Chronicles 36:19, of the vessels of the Temple, leads us to think primarily or them; but the word itself has a wider range, and includes all works of art and ornamentation.

Whom thou didst command.--Stress is laid on the profanation rather than the plunder of the sanctuary. Ammonites and Moabites were excluded from the congregation in Deuteronomy 23:3, and yet they and other heathen nations now rushed even into the Holy of holies, which none but the High Priest might enter.

Verse 10. - Her pleasant things; or, her precious things; that is, the treasures of the palaces of Jerusalem (2 Chronicles 36:19), and still more those of the temple (2 Chronicles 36:10); comp. Isaiah 64:11). For she hath seen; rather, yea, she hath seen. The heathen entered, etc. In Deuteronomy 23:3 only the Ammonites and Moabites are excluded from religious privileges; but in Ezekiel 44:9 the prohibition is extended to all foreigners.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
The adversary
צָ֔ר (ṣār)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 6862: Narrow, a tight place, a pebble, an opponent

has seized
יָדוֹ֙ (yā·ḏōw)
Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 3027: A hand

all
כָּל־ (kāl-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

her treasures.
מַחֲמַדֶּ֑יהָ (ma·ḥă·mad·de·hā)
Noun - masculine plural construct | third person feminine singular
Strong's 4261: Delightful, a delight, object of affection, desire

For
כִּֽי־ (kî-)
Conjunction
Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction

she has seen
רָאֲתָ֤ה (rā·’ă·ṯāh)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 7200: To see

the nations
גוֹיִם֙ (ḡō·w·yim)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 1471: A foreign nation, a Gentile, a troop of animals, a flight of locusts

enter
בָּ֣אוּ (bā·’ū)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 935: To come in, come, go in, go

her sanctuary—
מִקְדָּשָׁ֔הּ (miq·dā·šāh)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person feminine singular
Strong's 4720: A consecrated thing, place, a palace, sanctuary, asylum

those
אֲשֶׁ֣ר (’ă·šer)
Pronoun - relative
Strong's 834: Who, which, what, that, when, where, how, because, in order that

You had forbidden
צִוִּ֔יתָה (ṣiw·wî·ṯāh)
Verb - Piel - Perfect - second person masculine singular
Strong's 6680: To lay charge (upon), give charge (to), command, order

to enter
יָבֹ֥אוּ (yā·ḇō·’ū)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 935: To come in, come, go in, go

Your assembly.
בַקָּהָ֖ל (ḇaq·qā·hāl)
Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 6951: Assembly, convocation, congregation


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OT Prophets: Lamentations 1:10 The adversary has spread out his hand (Lam. La Lm)
Lamentations 1:9
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