Lamentations 4:12
New International Version
The kings of the earth did not believe, nor did any of the peoples of the world, that enemies and foes could enter the gates of Jerusalem.

New Living Translation
Not a king in all the earth— no one in all the world— would have believed that an enemy could march through the gates of Jerusalem.

English Standard Version
The kings of the earth did not believe, nor any of the inhabitants of the world, that foe or enemy could enter the gates of Jerusalem.

Berean Standard Bible
The kings of the earth did not believe, nor any people of the world, that an enemy or a foe could enter the gates of Jerusalem.

King James Bible
The kings of the earth, and all the inhabitants of the world, would not have believed that the adversary and the enemy should have entered into the gates of Jerusalem.

New King James Version
The kings of the earth, And all inhabitants of the world, Would not have believed That the adversary and the enemy Could enter the gates of Jerusalem—

New American Standard Bible
The kings of the earth did not believe, Nor did any of the inhabitants of the world, That the adversary and the enemy Would enter the gates of Jerusalem.

NASB 1995
The kings of the earth did not believe, Nor did any of the inhabitants of the world, That the adversary and the enemy Could enter the gates of Jerusalem.

NASB 1977
The kings of the earth did not believe, Nor did any of the inhabitants of the world, That the adversary and the enemy Could enter the gates of Jerusalem.

Legacy Standard Bible
The kings of the earth did not believe, Nor did any of the inhabitants of the world, That the adversary and the enemy Could enter the gates of Jerusalem.

Amplified Bible
The kings of the earth did not believe, Nor did any of the inhabitants of the earth, That the adversary (oppressor) and enemy Could enter the gates of Jerusalem.

Christian Standard Bible
The kings of the earth and all the world’s inhabitants did not believe that an enemy or adversary could enter Jerusalem’s gates.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
The kings of the earth and all the world’s inhabitants did not believe that an enemy or adversary could enter Jerusalem’s gates.

American Standard Version
The kings of the earth believed not, neither all the inhabitants of the world, That the adversary and the enemy would enter into the gates of Jerusalem.

Contemporary English Version
Not a king on this earth or the people of any nation believed enemies could break through her gates.

English Revised Version
The kings of the earth believed not, neither all the inhabitants of the world, that the adversary and the enemy should enter into the gates of Jerusalem.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Neither the kings of the earth nor anyone living on earth could believe that enemies or invaders would ever get through the gates of Jerusalem.

Good News Translation
No one anywhere, not even rulers of foreign nations, believed that any invader could enter Jerusalem's gates.

International Standard Version
None of the kings of the earth would have believed, nor the world's inhabitants, that the adversary and the enemy could have breached the gates of Jerusalem.

Majority Standard Bible
The kings of the earth did not believe, nor any people of the world, that an enemy or a foe could enter the gates of Jerusalem.

NET Bible
Neither the kings of the earth nor the people of the lands ever thought that enemy or foe would enter the gates of Jerusalem.

New Heart English Bible
The kings of the earth did not believe, neither all the inhabitants of the world, that the adversary or the enemy would enter into the gates of Jerusalem.

Webster's Bible Translation
The kings of the earth, and all the inhabitants of the world, would not have believed that the adversary and the enemy would have entered into the gates of Jerusalem.

World English Bible
The kings of the earth didn’t believe, neither did all the inhabitants of the world, that the adversary and the enemy would enter into the gates of Jerusalem.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
The kings of earth did not believe, "" And any of the inhabitants of the world, "" That an adversary and enemy would come "" Into the gates of Jerusalem.

Young's Literal Translation
Believe not did the kings of earth, And any of the inhabitants of the world, That come would an adversary and enemy Into the gates of Jerusalem.

Smith's Literal Translation
The kings of the earth believed not, and all those dwelling in the habitable globe, that the enemy will come in to the gates of Jerusalem.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Lamed. The kings of the earth, and all the inhabitants of the world would not have believed, that the adversary and the enemy should enter in by the gates of Jerusalem.

Catholic Public Domain Version
LAMED. The kings of the earth, and all the inhabitants of the world, did not believe that the adversary and the enemy would enter through the gates of Jerusalem.

New American Bible
The kings of the earth did not believe, nor any of the world’s inhabitants, That foe or enemy could enter the gates of Jerusalem.

New Revised Standard Version
The kings of the earth did not believe, nor did any of the inhabitants of the world, that foe or enemy could enter the gates of Jerusalem.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
The kings of the earth did not believe, nor all the inhabitants of the world, that the enemy and the oppressor could come and enter into the gates of Jerusalem.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
Lamed The Kings of the Earth and all the inhabitants of the world did not believe that the enemy and the oppressor comes and enters the gates of Jerusalem
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
The kings of the earth believed not, Neither all the inhabitants of the world, That the adversary and the enemy would enter Into the gates of Jerusalem.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
LAMED. The kings of the earth, even all that dwell in the world, believed not that an enemy and oppressor would enter through the gates of Jerusalem.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Distress of Zion
11The LORD has exhausted His wrath; He has poured out His fierce anger; He has kindled a fire in Zion, and it has consumed her foundations. 12The kings of the earth did not believe, nor any people of the world, that an enemy or a foe could enter the gates of Jerusalem. 13But this was for the sins of her prophets and the guilt of her priests, who shed the blood of the righteous in her midst.…

Cross References
Jeremiah 21:13
Behold, I am against you who dwell above the valley, atop the rocky plateau—declares the LORD—you who say, “Who can come against us? Who can enter our dwellings?”

Jeremiah 5:10
Go up through her vineyards and ravage them, but do not finish them off. Strip off her branches, for they do not belong to the LORD.

Jeremiah 39:1-3
In the ninth year of Zedekiah king of Judah, in the tenth month, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon marched against Jerusalem with his entire army and laid siege to the city. / And on the ninth day of the fourth month of Zedekiah’s eleventh year, the city was breached. / Then all the officials of the king of Babylon entered and sat in the Middle Gate: Nergal-sharezer of Samgar, Nebo-sarsekim the Rabsaris, Nergal-sharezer the Rabmag, and all the rest of the officials of the king of Babylon.

Isaiah 64:10-11
Your holy cities have become a wilderness. Zion has become a wasteland and Jerusalem a desolation. / Our holy and beautiful temple, where our fathers praised You, has been burned with fire, and all that was dear to us lies in ruins.

Ezekiel 7:20-22
His beautiful ornaments they transformed into pride and used them to fashion their vile images and detestable idols. Therefore I will make these into something unclean for them. / And I will hand these things over as plunder to foreigners and loot to the wicked of the earth, who will defile them. / I will turn My face away from them, and they will defile My treasured place. Violent men will enter it, and they will defile it.

2 Kings 25:1-4
So in the ninth year of Zedekiah’s reign, on the tenth day of the tenth month, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon marched against Jerusalem with his entire army. They encamped outside the city and built a siege wall all around it. / And the city was kept under siege until King Zedekiah’s eleventh year. / By the ninth day of the fourth month, the famine in the city was so severe that the people of the land had no food. ...

Jeremiah 52:4-7
So in the ninth year of Zedekiah’s reign, on the tenth day of the tenth month, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon marched against Jerusalem with his entire army. They encamped outside the city and built a siege wall all around it. / And the city was kept under siege until King Zedekiah’s eleventh year. / By the ninth day of the fourth month, the famine in the city was so severe that the people of the land had no food. ...

Isaiah 13:19
And Babylon, the jewel of the kingdoms, the glory of the pride of the Chaldeans, will be overthrown by God like Sodom and Gomorrah.

Ezekiel 26:15-21
This is what the Lord GOD says to Tyre: ‘Will not the coastlands quake at the sound of your downfall, when the wounded groan at the slaughter in your midst? / All the princes of the sea will descend from their thrones, remove their robes, and strip off their embroidered garments. Clothed with terror, they will sit on the ground, trembling every moment, appalled over you. / Then they will lament for you, saying, “How you have perished, O city of renown inhabited by seafaring men—she who was powerful on the sea, along with her people, who imposed terror on all peoples! ...

Matthew 24:2
“Do you see all these things?” He replied. “Truly I tell you, not one stone here will be left on another; every one will be thrown down.”

Luke 21:20-24
But when you see Jerusalem surrounded by armies, you will know that her desolation is near. / Then let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains, let those in the city get out, and let those in the country stay out of the city. / For these are the days of vengeance, to fulfill all that is written. ...

Revelation 18:10
In fear of her torment, they will stand at a distance and cry out: “Woe, woe to the great city, the mighty city of Babylon! For in a single hour your judgment has come.”

Revelation 18:17-19
For in a single hour such fabulous wealth has been destroyed!” Every shipmaster, passenger, and sailor, and all who make their living from the sea, will stand at a distance / and cry out at the sight of the smoke rising from the fire that consumes her. “What city was ever like this great city?” they will exclaim. / Then they will throw dust on their heads as they weep and mourn and cry out: “Woe, woe to the great city, where all who had ships on the sea were enriched by her wealth! For in a single hour she has been destroyed.”

Matthew 23:37-39
O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, who kills the prophets and stones those sent to her, how often I have longed to gather your children together, as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings, but you were unwilling! / Look, your house is left to you desolate. / For I tell you that you will not see Me again until you say, ‘Blessed is He who comes in the name of the Lord.’”

Mark 13:1-2
As Jesus was leaving the temple, one of His disciples said to Him, “Teacher, look at the magnificent stones and buildings!” / “Do you see all these great buildings?” Jesus replied. “Not one stone here will be left on another; every one will be thrown down.”


Treasury of Scripture

The kings of the earth, and all the inhabitants of the world, would not have believed that the adversary and the enemy should have entered into the gates of Jerusalem.

Deuteronomy 29:24-28
Even all nations shall say, Wherefore hath the LORD done thus unto this land? what meaneth the heat of this great anger? …

1 Kings 9:8,9
And at this house, which is high, every one that passeth by it shall be astonished, and shall hiss; and they shall say, Why hath the LORD done thus unto this land, and to this house? …

Psalm 48:4-6
For, lo, the kings were assembled, they passed by together…

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Lamentations 4
1. Zion bewails her pitiful estate
13. She confesses her sins
21. Edom is threatened and Zion comforted.














The kings of the earth
This phrase refers to the rulers and leaders of various nations surrounding Israel. In the ancient Near Eastern context, kings were often seen as powerful figures with divine endorsement. The Hebrew word for "kings" is "מְלָכִים" (melachim), which emphasizes their authority and influence. Historically, Jerusalem was a fortified city, and its defenses were considered impenetrable. The disbelief of these kings highlights the unexpected nature of Jerusalem's fall, underscoring the severity of God's judgment.

did not believe
The Hebrew root for "believe" is "אָמַן" (aman), which conveys a sense of trust or certainty. The disbelief of the kings and people signifies a profound shock and a failure to comprehend the possibility of Jerusalem's downfall. This disbelief can be seen as a reflection of overconfidence in human strength and fortifications, neglecting the spiritual and moral decay that led to divine judgment.

nor did any of the people of the world
This phrase expands the scope of disbelief beyond the kings to include all nations. The term "people of the world" suggests a universal astonishment at the event. The Hebrew word "תֵּבֵל" (tevel) for "world" indicates the inhabited earth, emphasizing the widespread impact and renown of Jerusalem's fall. This global perspective serves to magnify the significance of the event in the biblical narrative.

that an enemy or foe
The terms "enemy" and "foe" are translated from the Hebrew words "אוֹיֵב" (oyev) and "צָר" (tsar), respectively. These words denote adversaries and oppressors, often used in the context of military conflict. The mention of both terms underscores the threat and hostility faced by Jerusalem. Historically, the Babylonians, led by King Nebuchadnezzar, were the instruments of God's judgment, fulfilling the prophetic warnings given to Judah.

could enter the gates of Jerusalem
The "gates of Jerusalem" symbolize the city's strength and security. Gates were crucial in ancient cities for defense and control of access. The Hebrew word "שַׁעַר" (sha'ar) for "gate" signifies a place of authority and decision-making. The entry of enemies through these gates represents a complete breach of security and divine protection. This event fulfilled the prophecies of Jerusalem's destruction due to the people's unfaithfulness, serving as a sobering reminder of the consequences of turning away from God.

(12) Would not have believed.--In. looking to the fact that Jerusalem had been taken by Shishak (1Kings 14:26), Joash (2Kings 14:13), the statement seems at first hyperbolical. It has to be remembered, however, that since the latter of these two the city had been strongly fortified by Uzziah, Hezekiah, and Manasseh, and the failure of Sennacherib's attempt had probably led to the impression that it was impregnable.

Verse 12. - The kings of the earth, etc. And yet Jerusalem had been taken twice before its capture by Nebuchadnezzar (see 1 Kings 14:26; 2 Kings 14:131. How is the language of the second part to be accounted for? It will help us to an answer if we observe that the later Jews seem to have acquired an exorbitant confidence in their national future ever since the Book of Deuteronomy had become as it were canonical in the reign of Josiah. "The temple of Jehovah" was ever in their mouths (Jeremiah 7:9), and the strong outward regard paid to the directions of the Law seemed to them to justify their believing in the fulfilment of its promises. And, in fact, the grand deliverance of Jerusalem in the reign of Hezekiah might, even without this misunderstanding of Deuteronomy, have inspired a firm faith in the security of Jerusalem. A sacred poet had already, on the occasion of that deliverance, declared of the holy city that "God upholdeth the same forever" (Psalm 48:8), and also (in vers. 4, 5) used the same hyperbole as the author of this lamentation to express the wide reaching interest felt in the fortunes of Jerusalem.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
The kings
מַלְכֵי־ (mal·ḵê-)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 4428: A king

of the earth
אֶ֔רֶץ (’e·reṣ)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 776: Earth, land

did not
לֹ֤א (lō)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

believe,
הֶאֱמִ֙ינוּ֙ (he·’ĕ·mî·nū)
Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 539: To confirm, support

nor any
כֹּ֖ל (kōl)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

people
יֹשְׁבֵ֣י (yō·šə·ḇê)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct
Strong's 3427: To sit down, to dwell, to remain, to settle, to marry

of the world,
תֵבֵ֑ל (ṯê·ḇêl)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 8398: The earth, the globe, its inhabitants, a particular land

that
כִּ֤י (kî)
Conjunction
Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction

an enemy
צַ֣ר (ṣar)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 6862: Narrow, a tight place, a pebble, an opponent

or a foe
וְאוֹיֵ֔ב (wə·’ō·w·yêḇ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 341: Hating, an adversary

could enter
יָבֹא֙ (yā·ḇō)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 935: To come in, come, go in, go

the gates
בְּשַׁעֲרֵ֖י (bə·ša·‘ă·rê)
Preposition-b | Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 8179: An opening, door, gate

of Jerusalem.
יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם׃ (yə·rū·šā·lim)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 3389: Jerusalem -- probably 'foundation of peace', capital city of all Israel


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OT Prophets: Lamentations 4:12 The kings of the earth didn't believe (Lam. La Lm)
Lamentations 4:11
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