Jeremiah 52:4
New International Version
So in the ninth year of Zedekiah’s reign, on the tenth day of the tenth month, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon marched against Jerusalem with his whole army. They encamped outside the city and built siege works all around it.

New Living Translation
So on January 15, during the ninth year of Zedekiah’s reign, King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon led his entire army against Jerusalem. They surrounded the city and built siege ramps against its walls.

English Standard Version
And in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, on the tenth day of the month, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came with all his army against Jerusalem, and laid siege to it. And they built siegeworks all around it.

Berean Standard Bible
So in the ninth year of Zedekiah’s reign, on the tenth day of the tenth month, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon marched against Jerusalem with his entire army. They encamped outside the city and built a siege wall all around it.

King James Bible
And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, in the tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem, and pitched against it, and built forts against it round about.

New King James Version
Now it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, on the tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon and all his army came against Jerusalem and encamped against it; and they built a siege wall against it all around.

New American Standard Bible
Now it came about in the ninth year of his reign, on the tenth day of the tenth month, that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem, camped against it, and built a bulwark all around it.

NASB 1995
Now it came about in the ninth year of his reign, on the tenth day of the tenth month, that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem, camped against it and built a siege wall all around it.

NASB 1977
Now it came about in the ninth year of his reign, on the tenth day of the tenth month, that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem, camped against it, and built a siege wall all around it.

Legacy Standard Bible
Now it happened in the ninth year of his reign, on the tenth day of the tenth month, that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he and all his military force, against Jerusalem, and they camped against it and built a siege wall all around it.

Amplified Bible
Now it came about in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, on the tenth day, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem; and they camped against it and built moveable towers and siege mounds all around it.

Christian Standard Bible
In the ninth year of Zedekiah’s reign, on the tenth day of the tenth month, King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon advanced against Jerusalem with his entire army. They laid siege to the city and built a siege wall against it all around.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
In the ninth year of Zedekiah’s reign, on the tenth day of the tenth month, King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon advanced against Jerusalem with his entire army. They laid siege to the city and built a siege wall all around it.

American Standard Version
And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, in the tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem, and encamped against it; and they built forts against it round about.

Contemporary English Version
In Zedekiah's ninth year as king, on the tenth day of the tenth month, King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylonia led his entire army to attack Jerusalem. The troops set up camp outside the city and built ramps up to the city walls.

English Revised Version
And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, in the tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem, and encamped against it; and they built forts against it round about.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
On the tenth day of the tenth month of the ninth year of Zedekiah's reign, King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon attacked Jerusalem with his entire army. They set up camp and built dirt ramps around the city walls.

Good News Translation
and so Nebuchadnezzar came with all his army and attacked Jerusalem on the tenth day of the tenth month of the ninth year of Zedekiah's reign. They set up camp outside the city, built siege walls around it,

International Standard Version
and in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, on the tenth day, King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon came against Jerusalem with all his army. He encamped near it and set up siege works all around it.

Majority Standard Bible
So in the ninth year of Zedekiah?s reign, on the tenth day of the tenth month, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon marched against Jerusalem with his entire army. They encamped outside the city and built a siege wall all around it.

NET Bible
King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon came against Jerusalem with his whole army and set up camp outside it. They built siege ramps all around it. He arrived on the tenth day of the tenth month in the ninth year that Zedekiah ruled over Judah.

New Heart English Bible
It happened in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, in the tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem, and camped against it; and they built forts against it round about.

Webster's Bible Translation
And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, in the tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem, and encamped against it, and built forts against it on every side.

World English Bible
In the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, in the tenth day of the month, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem, and encamped against it; and they built forts against it round about.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And it comes to pass, in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, on the tenth of the month, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon has come—he and all his force—against Jerusalem, and they encamp against it, and build against it a fortification all around;

Young's Literal Translation
And it cometh to pass, in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, in the tenth of the month, come hath Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon -- he and all his force -- against Jerusalem, and they encamp against it, and build against it a fortification round about;

Smith's Literal Translation
And it will be in the ninth year to his reigning, in the tenth month, in the tenth to the month, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babel came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem and they will encamp against her, and a watchtower against her round about.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, the tenth day of the month, that Nabuchodonosor the king of Babylon came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem, and they besieged it, and built forts against it round about.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And it happened that, in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, on the tenth of the month, Nebuchadnezzar, the king of Babylon, he and his entire army, came against Jerusalem. And they besieged it, and they built fortifications against it, on every side.

New American Bible
In the tenth month of the ninth year of his reign, on the tenth day of the month, Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, and his entire army advanced against Jerusalem, encamped around it, and built siege walls on every side.

New Revised Standard Version
And in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, on the tenth day of the month, King Nebuchadrezzar of Babylon came with all his army against Jerusalem, and they laid siege to it; they built siegeworks against it all around.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, on the tenth day of the month, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem and encamped against it and built forts against it round about.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And in the year ninth of his kingdom, in the tenth month, in the tenth of the month, Nebukadnetsar King of Babel came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem, and encamped against it and they built up against it bulwarks in a circle
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, in the tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem, and encamped against it; and they built forts against it round about.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign, in the ninth month, on the tenth day of the month, that Nabuchodonosor king of Babylon came, and all his host, against Jerusalem, and they made a rampart round it, and built a wall round about it with large stones.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Fall of Jerusalem Recounted
3For because of the anger of the LORD, all this happened in Jerusalem and Judah, until He finally banished them from His presence. And Zedekiah also rebelled against the king of Babylon. 4So in the ninth year of Zedekiah’s reign, on the tenth day of the tenth month, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon marched against Jerusalem with his entire army. They encamped outside the city and built a siege wall all around it. 5And the city was kept under siege until King Zedekiah’s eleventh year.…

Cross References
2 Kings 25:1-4
So in the ninth year of Zedekiah’s reign, on the tenth day of the tenth month, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon marched against Jerusalem with his entire army. They encamped outside the city and built a siege wall all around it. / And the city was kept under siege until King Zedekiah’s eleventh year. / By the ninth day of the fourth month, the famine in the city was so severe that the people of the land had no food. ...

Ezekiel 24:1-2
In the ninth year, on the tenth day of the tenth month, the word of the LORD came to me, saying, / “Son of man, write down today’s date, for on this very day the king of Babylon has laid siege to Jerusalem.

2 Chronicles 36:17-19
So He brought up against them the king of the Chaldeans, who put their young men to the sword in the sanctuary, sparing neither young men nor young women, neither elderly nor infirm. God gave them all into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar, / who carried off everything to Babylon—all the articles of the house of God, both large and small, and the treasures of the house of the LORD and of the king and his officials. / Then the Chaldeans set fire to the house of God and broke down the wall of Jerusalem. They burned down all the palaces and destroyed every article of value.

Daniel 1:1-2
In the third year of the reign of Jehoiakim king of Judah, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came to Jerusalem and besieged it. / And the Lord delivered into his hand Jehoiakim king of Judah, along with some of the articles from the house of God. He carried these off to the land of Shinar, to the house of his god, where he put them in the treasury of his god.

Lamentations 2:7-9
The Lord has rejected His altar; He has abandoned His sanctuary; He has delivered the walls of her palaces into the hand of the enemy. They have raised a shout in the house of the LORD as on the day of an appointed feast. / The LORD determined to destroy the wall of the Daughter of Zion. He stretched out a measuring line and did not withdraw His hand from destroying. He made the ramparts and walls lament; together they waste away. / Her gates have sunk into the ground; He has destroyed and shattered their bars. Her king and her princes are exiled among the nations, the law is no more, and even her prophets find no vision from the LORD.

Jeremiah 39:1-2
In the ninth year of Zedekiah king of Judah, in the tenth month, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon marched against Jerusalem with his entire army and laid siege to the city. / And on the ninth day of the fourth month of Zedekiah’s eleventh year, the city was breached.

Ezekiel 21:22
In his right hand appears the portent for Jerusalem, where he is to set up battering rams, to call for the slaughter, to lift a battle cry, to direct the battering rams against the gates, to build a ramp, and to erect a siege wall.

Matthew 24:15-16
So when you see standing in the holy place ‘the abomination of desolation,’ spoken of by the prophet Daniel (let the reader understand), / then let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains.

Luke 21:20-22
But when you see Jerusalem surrounded by armies, you will know that her desolation is near. / Then let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains, let those in the city get out, and let those in the country stay out of the city. / For these are the days of vengeance, to fulfill all that is written.

Mark 13:14
So when you see the abomination of desolation standing where it should not be (let the reader understand), then let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains.

Jeremiah 34:1-2
This is the word that came to Jeremiah from the LORD when Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, all his army, all the earthly kingdoms under his control, and all the other nations were fighting against Jerusalem and all its surrounding cities. / The LORD, the God of Israel, told Jeremiah to go and speak to Zedekiah king of Judah and tell him that this is what the LORD says: “Behold, I am about to deliver this city into the hand of the king of Babylon, and he will burn it down.

Ezekiel 4:1-3
“Now you, son of man, take a brick, place it before you, and draw on it the city of Jerusalem. / Then lay siege against it: Construct a siege wall, build a ramp to it, set up camps against it, and place battering rams around it on all sides. / Then take an iron plate and set it up as an iron wall between yourself and the city. Turn your face toward it so that it is under siege, and besiege it. This will be a sign to the house of Israel.

Isaiah 39:6-7
The time will surely come when everything in your palace and all that your fathers have stored up until this day will be carried off to Babylon. Nothing will be left, says the LORD. / And some of your descendants, your own flesh and blood, will be taken away to be eunuchs in the palace of the king of Babylon.”

Jeremiah 32:1-2
This is the word that came to Jeremiah from the LORD in the tenth year of Zedekiah king of Judah, which was the eighteenth year of Nebuchadnezzar. / At that time the army of the king of Babylon was besieging Jerusalem, and Jeremiah the prophet was imprisoned in the courtyard of the guard, which was in the palace of the king of Judah.

Jeremiah 21:2-10
“Please inquire of the LORD on our behalf, since Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon is waging war against us. Perhaps the LORD will perform for us something like all His past wonders, so that Nebuchadnezzar will withdraw from us.” / But Jeremiah answered, “You are to tell Zedekiah that / this is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: ‘I will turn against you the weapons of war in your hands, with which you are fighting the king of Babylon and the Chaldeans who besiege you outside the wall, and I will assemble their forces in the center of this city. ...


Treasury of Scripture

And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, in the tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem, and pitched against it, and built forts against it round about.

A.

Jeremiah 39:1
In the ninth year of Zedekiah king of Judah, in the tenth month, came Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon and all his army against Jerusalem, and they besieged it.

2 Kings 25:1-27
And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, in the tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he, and all his host, against Jerusalem, and pitched against it; and they built forts against it round about…

Ezekiel 24:1,2
Again in the ninth year, in the tenth month, in the tenth day of the month, the word of the LORD came unto me, saying, …

in the tenth month

Zechariah 8:19
Thus saith the LORD of hosts; The fast of the fourth month, and the fast of the fifth, and the fast of the seventh, and the fast of the tenth, shall be to the house of Judah joy and gladness, and cheerful feasts; therefore love the truth and peace.

pitched

Jeremiah 52:7
Then the city was broken up, and all the men of war fled, and went forth out of the city by night by the way of the gate between the two walls, which was by the king's garden; (now the Chaldeans were by the city round about:) and they went by the way of the plain.

Jeremiah 6:3-6
The shepherds with their flocks shall come unto her; they shall pitch their tents against her round about; they shall feed every one in his place…

Jeremiah 32:24
Behold the mounts, they are come unto the city to take it; and the city is given into the hand of the Chaldeans, that fight against it, because of the sword, and of the famine, and of the pestilence: and what thou hast spoken is come to pass; and, behold, thou seest it.

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Jeremiah 52
1. Zedekiah rebels
4. Jerusalem is besieged and taken
8. Zedekiah's sons killed, and his own eyes put out,
12. Nebuzaradan burns and spoils the city
24. He carries away the captives
28. The number of Jews carried captive
31. Evil-Merodach advances Jehoiachin














So in the ninth year of Zedekiah’s reign
This phrase sets the historical context for the events that follow. Zedekiah was the last king of Judah, and his reign is marked by political turmoil and spiritual decline. The "ninth year" indicates a specific point in history, around 588 BC, when the Babylonian siege of Jerusalem began. This period is crucial in biblical history as it marks the beginning of the end for the kingdom of Judah. The Hebrew root for "reign" (מָלַךְ, malak) implies authority and kingship, yet Zedekiah's reign was characterized by disobedience to God, leading to the fulfillment of prophetic warnings.

on the tenth day of the tenth month
The specificity of "the tenth day of the tenth month" underscores the precision of biblical prophecy and historical record. This date corresponds to the Babylonian calendar and highlights the meticulous nature of God's word. The use of specific dates in Scripture often signifies important events, and here it marks the commencement of the siege, a pivotal moment in Judah's history. The Hebrew calendar's alignment with these events serves as a reminder of God's sovereignty over time and history.

Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon
Nebuchadnezzar is a central figure in the narrative of Judah's downfall. As the "king of Babylon," he represents the instrument of God's judgment against Judah for their persistent idolatry and rebellion. The name Nebuchadnezzar (נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּר, Nebukhadnetzar) is of Babylonian origin, meaning "Nabu, protect my boundary." This highlights the pagan context in which God's people found themselves, yet also serves as a reminder that God can use even foreign rulers to accomplish His divine purposes.

marched against Jerusalem
The phrase "marched against Jerusalem" indicates a deliberate and aggressive action. The Hebrew verb used here (בּוֹא, bo) can mean to come or to go, but in this context, it implies a military advance. Jerusalem, the city of David and the spiritual heart of Israel, is under threat. This march is not just a physical assault but a spiritual one, as it represents the consequences of Judah's unfaithfulness. The historical context reveals that this was a well-planned siege, reflecting the seriousness of the situation.

with his whole army
The inclusion of "his whole army" emphasizes the totality and might of the Babylonian forces. This was not a minor skirmish but a full-scale siege involving a vast military force. The Hebrew word for "army" (חַיִל, chayil) can also mean strength or valor, underscoring the formidable nature of the Babylonian threat. This overwhelming force serves as a stark reminder of the consequences of turning away from God, yet it also sets the stage for God's eventual restoration and redemption of His people.

They encamped outside the city
The act of encamping "outside the city" signifies the beginning of a prolonged siege. The Babylonians established a military presence around Jerusalem, cutting off supplies and instilling fear. The Hebrew root for "encamped" (חָנָה, chanah) suggests a temporary dwelling, yet it also implies a strategic positioning. This encampment is a physical manifestation of the spiritual siege that had already taken place due to Judah's disobedience.

and built siege works all around it
The construction of "siege works all around it" indicates a methodical and determined effort to breach Jerusalem's defenses. The Hebrew term for "siege works" (דָּיֵק, dayeq) refers to military fortifications designed to break through city walls. This imagery of encirclement and impending destruction serves as a powerful metaphor for the spiritual state of Judah. Despite the dire circumstances, this verse also foreshadows the hope of deliverance and restoration that God promises to His people, even in the midst of judgment.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
So
וַיְהִי֩ (way·hî)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1961: To fall out, come to pass, become, be

in the ninth
הַתְּשִׁעִ֜ית (hat·tə·ši·‘îṯ)
Article | Number - ordinal feminine singular
Strong's 8671: Ninth (an ordinal number)

year
בַשָּׁנָ֨ה (ḇaš·šā·nāh)
Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 8141: A year

of Zedekiah’s reign,
לְמָלְכ֗וֹ (lə·mā·lə·ḵōw)
Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 4427: To reign, inceptively, to ascend the throne, to induct into royalty, to take counsel

on the tenth
בֶּעָשׂ֣וֹר (be·‘ā·śō·wr)
Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 6218: Ten, by abbreviated form ten strings, a decachord

day of the tenth
הָעֲשִׂירִי֮ (hā·‘ă·śî·rî)
Article | Number - ordinal masculine singular
Strong's 6224: Tenth, tenth month, part

month,
בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ (ba·ḥō·ḏeš)
Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 2320: The new moon, a month

King
מֶֽלֶךְ־ (me·leḵ-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 4428: A king

Nebuchadnezzar
נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֨ר (nə·ḇū·ḵaḏ·reṣ·ṣar)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 5019: Nebuchadnezzar -- 'Nebo, protect the boundary', a Babylonian king

of Babylon
בָּבֶ֜ל (bā·ḇel)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 894: Babylon -- an eastern Mediterranean empire and its capital city

marched
בָּ֠א (bā)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 935: To come in, come, go in, go

against
עַל־ (‘al-)
Preposition
Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against

Jerusalem
יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם (yə·rū·šā·lim)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 3389: Jerusalem -- probably 'foundation of peace', capital city of all Israel

with his entire
וְכָל־ (wə·ḵāl)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

army.
חֵילוֹ֙ (ḥê·lōw)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 2428: A force, an army, wealth, virtue, valor, strength

They encamped
וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ (way·ya·ḥă·nū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 2583: To incline, to decline, to pitch a, tent, gen, to encamp

outside [the city]
עָלֶ֑יהָ (‘ā·le·hā)
Preposition | third person feminine singular
Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against

and built
וַיִּבְנ֥וּ (way·yiḇ·nū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 1129: To build

a siege wall
דָּיֵ֖ק (dā·yêq)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 1785: Bulwark, siege wall

all around it.
סָבִֽיב׃ (sā·ḇîḇ)
Adverb
Strong's 5439: A circle, neighbour, environs, around


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OT Prophets: Jeremiah 52:4 It happened in the ninth year (Jer.)
Jeremiah 52:3
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