Ezekiel 23:12
New International Version
She too lusted after the Assyrians—governors and commanders, warriors in full dress, mounted horsemen, all handsome young men.

New Living Translation
She fawned over all the Assyrian officers—those captains and commanders in handsome uniforms, those charioteers driving their horses—all of them attractive young men.

English Standard Version
She lusted after the Assyrians, governors and commanders, warriors clothed in full armor, horsemen riding on horses, all of them desirable young men.

Berean Standard Bible
She too lusted after the Assyrians—governors and commanders, warriors dressed in splendor, horsemen riding on steeds, all desirable young men.

King James Bible
She doted upon the Assyrians her neighbours, captains and rulers clothed most gorgeously, horsemen riding upon horses, all of them desirable young men.

New King James Version
“She lusted for the neighboring Assyrians, Captains and rulers, Clothed most gorgeously, Horsemen riding on horses, All of them desirable young men.

New American Standard Bible
She lusted after the Assyrians, governors and officials, the ones near, opulently dressed, horsemen riding on horses, all of them handsome young men.

NASB 1995
“She lusted after the Assyrians, governors and officials, the ones near, magnificently dressed, horsemen riding on horses, all of them desirable young men.

NASB 1977
“She lusted after the Assyrians, governors and officials, the ones near, magnificently dressed, horsemen riding on horses, all of them desirable young men.

Legacy Standard Bible
She lusted after the Assyrians, governors and officials, the ones near, magnificently dressed, horsemen riding on horses, all of them desirable choice men.

Amplified Bible
She lusted after the Assyrians—governors and officials, her neighbors, magnificently clothed, horsemen riding on horses, all of them desirable young men.

Christian Standard Bible
She lusted after the Assyrians: governors and prefects, warriors splendidly dressed, horsemen riding on steeds, all of them desirable young men.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
She lusted after the Assyrians: governors and prefects, warriors splendidly dressed, horsemen riding on steeds, all of them desirable young men.

American Standard Version
She doted upon the Assyrians, governors and rulers, her neighbors, clothed most gorgeously, horsemen riding upon horses, all of them desirable young men.

Contemporary English Version
Oholibah also chased after good-looking Assyrian officers, uniformed soldiers, and cavalry troops.

English Revised Version
She doted upon the Assyrians, governors and rulers, her neighbours, clothed most gorgeously, horsemen riding upon horses, all of them desirable young men.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
She lusted after the Assyrians who were nearby. They were governors and commanders in full dress. They were mounted horsemen, all of them desirable young men.

Good News Translation
She too was full of lust for the Assyrian noblemen and officers--soldiers in bright uniforms--and for the cavalry officers, all of those handsome young men.

International Standard Version
She lusted after the Assyrians—governors, commanders, warriors clothed in gorgeous attire, cavalry mounted on their horses—all of them desirable young men.

Majority Standard Bible
She too lusted after the Assyrians—governors and commanders, warriors dressed in splendor, horsemen riding on steeds, all desirable young men.

NET Bible
She lusted after the Assyrians--governors and officials, warriors in full armor, horsemen riding on horses, all of them desirable young men.

New Heart English Bible
She doted on the Assyrians, governors and rulers, her neighbors, clothed most gorgeously, horsemen riding on horses, all of them desirable young men.

Webster's Bible Translation
She doted upon the Assyrians her neighbors, captains and rulers clothed most gorgeously, horsemen riding upon horses, all of them desirable young men.

World English Bible
She lusted after the Assyrians, governors and rulers—her neighbors, clothed most gorgeously, horsemen riding on horses, all of them desirable young men.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
She has lusted on sons of Asshur, "" Governors and prefects, "" Neighboring ones—clothed in perfection, "" Horsemen, riding on horses, "" All of them desirable young men.

Young's Literal Translation
On sons of Asshur she hath doted, Governors and prefects, Neighbouring ones -- clothed in perfection, Horsemen, riding on horses, Desirable young men all of them.

Smith's Literal Translation
She desired after the sons of Assur, prefects and governors, being near, putting on splendor, horsemen riding horses, young men of desire, all of them.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Impudently prostituting herself to the children of the Assyrians, the princes, and rulers that came to her, clothed with divers colours, to the horsemen that rode upon horses, and to young men all of great beauty.

Catholic Public Domain Version
She shamelessly offered herself to the sons of the Assyrians, to the rulers and magistrates who brought themselves to her clothed with colorful garments, to the horsemen who were carried by horses, and to the youths, all of them exceptional in appearance.

New American Bible
She too lusted after the Assyrians, governors and officers, warriors impeccably clothed, mounted on horses, all of them handsome young soldiers.

New Revised Standard Version
She lusted after the Assyrians, governors and commanders, warriors clothed in full armor, mounted horsemen, all of them handsome young men.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
She doted upon the Assyrians her neighbors, lords and captains clothed with blue, horsemen riding on horses, all of them desirable young men.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
She cleaved with the sons of Assyria to Lords and to Rulers who are near to her, horsemen wearing blue fringes, and all desirable young men riding horses
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
She doted upon the Assyrians, governors and rulers, warriors, clothed most gorgeously, horsemen riding upon horses, all of them handsome young men.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
She doted upon the sons of the Assyrian, princes and captains, her neighbours, clothed with fine linen, horsemen riding on horses; they were all choice young men.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Adultery of Oholah and Oholibah
11Her sister Oholibah saw this, yet in her lust and prostitution she was more depraved than her sister. 12She too lusted after the Assyrians governors and commanders, warriors dressed in splendor, horsemen riding on steeds, all desirable young men. 13And I saw that she too had defiled herself; both of them had taken the same path.…

Cross References
Jeremiah 22:21
I warned you when you were secure. You said, ‘I will not listen.’ This has been your way from youth, that you have not obeyed My voice.

Hosea 7:11
So Ephraim has become like a silly, senseless dove—calling out to Egypt, then turning to Assyria.

2 Kings 16:7-10
So Ahaz sent messengers to Tiglath-pileser king of Assyria, saying, “I am your servant and your son. Come up and save me from the hands of the kings of Aram and Israel, who are rising up against me.” / Ahaz also took the silver and gold found in the house of the LORD and in the treasuries of the king’s palace, and he sent it as a gift to the king of Assyria. / So the king of Assyria responded to him, marched up to Damascus, and captured it. He took its people to Kir as captives and put Rezin to death. ...

Isaiah 31:1
Woe to those who go down to Egypt for help, who rely on horses, who trust in their abundance of chariots and in their multitude of horsemen. They do not look to the Holy One of Israel; they do not seek the LORD.

2 Chronicles 28:16-20
At that time King Ahaz sent for help from the king of Assyria. / The Edomites had again come and attacked Judah and carried away captives. / The Philistines had also raided the cities of the foothills and the Negev of Judah, capturing and occupying Beth-shemesh, Aijalon, and Gederoth, as well as Soco, Timnah, and Gimzo with their villages. ...

Hosea 8:9
For they have gone up to Assyria like a wild donkey on its own. Ephraim has hired lovers.

Isaiah 30:1-2
“Woe to the rebellious children,” declares the LORD, “to those who carry out a plan that is not Mine, who form an alliance, but against My will, heaping up sin upon sin. / They set out to go down to Egypt without asking My advice, to seek shelter under Pharaoh’s protection and take refuge in Egypt’s shade.

Jeremiah 2:18
Now what will you gain on your way to Egypt to drink the waters of the Nile? What will you gain on your way to Assyria to drink the waters of the Euphrates?

2 Kings 17:4
But the king of Assyria discovered that Hoshea had conspired to send envoys to King So of Egypt, and that he had not paid tribute to the king of Assyria as in previous years. Therefore the king of Assyria arrested Hoshea and put him in prison.

Isaiah 57:9
You went to Molech with oil and multiplied your perfumes. You have sent your envoys a great distance; you have descended even to Sheol itself.

Hosea 5:13
When Ephraim saw his sickness and Judah his wound, then Ephraim turned to Assyria and sent to the great king. But he cannot cure you or heal your wound.

Revelation 17:1-2
Then one of the seven angels with the seven bowls came and said to me, “Come, I will show you the punishment of the great prostitute, who sits on many waters. / The kings of the earth were immoral with her, and those who dwell on the earth were intoxicated with the wine of her immorality.”

Revelation 18:3
All the nations have drunk the wine of the passion of her immorality. The kings of the earth were immoral with her, and the merchants of the earth have grown wealthy from the extravagance of her luxury.”

James 4:4
You adulteresses! Do you not know that friendship with the world is hostility toward God? Therefore, whoever chooses to be a friend of the world renders himself an enemy of God.

1 John 2:15-16
Do not love the world or anything in the world. If anyone loves the world, the love of the Father is not in him. / For all that is in the world—the desires of the flesh, the desires of the eyes, and the pride of life—is not from the Father but from the world.


Treasury of Scripture

She doted on the Assyrians her neighbors, captains and rulers clothed most gorgeously, horsemen riding on horses, all of them desirable young men.

upon

Ezekiel 23:5
And Aholah played the harlot when she was mine; and she doted on her lovers, on the Assyrians her neighbours,

Ezekiel 16:28
Thou hast played the whore also with the Assyrians, because thou wast unsatiable; yea, thou hast played the harlot with them, and yet couldest not be satisfied.

2 Kings 16:7-15
So Ahaz sent messengers to Tiglathpileser king of Assyria, saying, I am thy servant and thy son: come up, and save me out of the hand of the king of Syria, and out of the hand of the king of Israel, which rise up against me…

captains

Ezekiel 23:6,23
Which were clothed with blue, captains and rulers, all of them desirable young men, horsemen riding upon horses…

Jump to Previous
Armor Asshur Assyrians Attractive Blue Captains Children Clothed Commanders Desirable Desire Desired Doted Dress Full Gorgeously Governors Handsome Horsemen Horses Lusted Neighbors Neighbouring Neighbours Officials Ones Prefects Riding Rulers Warriors Young
Jump to Next
Armor Asshur Assyrians Attractive Blue Captains Children Clothed Commanders Desirable Desire Desired Doted Dress Full Gorgeously Governors Handsome Horsemen Horses Lusted Neighbors Neighbouring Neighbours Officials Ones Prefects Riding Rulers Warriors Young
Ezekiel 23
1. The unfaithfulness of Aholah and Aholibah
23. Aholibah is to be plagued by her lovers
36. The prophet reproves the adulteries of them both
45. and shows their judgments














She lusted after the Assyrians
The phrase "She lusted after the Assyrians" uses the Hebrew root word "עָגַב" (agab), which conveys a sense of passionate desire or infatuation. In the historical context, this reflects Israel's political and spiritual infidelity, as they sought alliances with powerful nations like Assyria, rather than relying on God. The Assyrians were known for their might and influence, and Israel's desire for them symbolizes a turning away from divine dependence to worldly power.

governors and commanders
The terms "governors and commanders" refer to the Assyrian officials and military leaders. In the ancient Near Eastern context, these figures were symbols of authority and strength. The Hebrew words "פַּחַת" (pachat) for governors and "שָׁלִישׁ" (shalish) for commanders highlight the structured and hierarchical nature of Assyrian society. Israel's admiration for these leaders indicates a misplaced trust in human authority over divine guidance.

warriors dressed in blue
"Warriors dressed in blue" signifies the Assyrian soldiers' attire, which was likely both practical and symbolic. The color blue, derived from the Hebrew "תְּכֵלֶת" (techelet), was often associated with wealth and status, as blue dye was rare and expensive. This imagery underscores the allure of Assyria's military prowess and the temptation of aligning with such a formidable force, despite the spiritual compromise it entailed.

all handsome young men
The description "all handsome young men" emphasizes the physical appeal and vigor of the Assyrian soldiers. The Hebrew word "יָפֶה" (yafeh) for handsome suggests an attraction to outward appearances. This reflects Israel's superficial judgment, valuing external beauty and strength over inner righteousness and faithfulness to God.

mounted horsemen
"Mounted horsemen" highlights the advanced military capabilities of the Assyrians. Horses were a symbol of power and speed in ancient warfare, and the Hebrew "פָּרָשׁ" (parash) for horsemen indicates a formidable cavalry. Israel's fascination with such military might reveals a reliance on human strength and technology, rather than on the protection and provision of the Lord.

(12) Her neighbours.--See Note on Ezekiel 23:5. In both places the warriors of Assyria are described in the most attractive way to carry out the figure; they are also spoken of as very powerful, to explain the political attraction to them. Israel was both fascinated by their splendour and overawed by their power.



Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
She too lusted
עָגָ֜בָה (‘ā·ḡā·ḇāh)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 5689: To have inordinate affection, lust

after
אֶל־ (’el-)
Preposition
Strong's 413: Near, with, among, to

the Assyrians—
בְּנֵי֩ (bə·nê)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 1121: A son

governors
פַּח֨וֹת (pa·ḥō·wṯ)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 6346: A governor

and commanders,
וּסְגָנִ֤ים (ū·sə·ḡā·nîm)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 5461: A prefect of a, province

warriors
קְרֹבִים֙ (qə·rō·ḇîm)
Adjective - masculine plural
Strong's 7138: Near

dressed
לְבֻשֵׁ֣י (lə·ḇu·šê)
Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine plural construct
Strong's 3847: Wrap around, to put on a, garment, clothe

in splendor,
מִכְל֔וֹל (miḵ·lō·wl)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 4358: Perfection, gorgeous attire

horsemen
פָּרָשִׁ֖ים (pā·rā·šîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 6571: A steed, a driver, cavalry

riding on
רֹכְבֵ֣י (rō·ḵə·ḇê)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct
Strong's 7392: To ride, to place upon, to despatch

steeds,
סוּסִ֑ים (sū·sîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 5483: A swallow, swift (type of bird)

all
כֻּלָּֽם׃ (kul·lām)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine plural
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

desirable
חֶ֖מֶד (ḥe·meḏ)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 2531: Desire, delight

young men.
בַּח֥וּרֵי (ba·ḥū·rê)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 970: Selected, a youth


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OT Prophets: Ezekiel 23:12 She doted on the Assyrians governors (Ezek. Eze Ezk)
Ezekiel 23:11
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