Exodus 34:15
New International Version
“Be careful not to make a treaty with those who live in the land; for when they prostitute themselves to their gods and sacrifice to them, they will invite you and you will eat their sacrifices.

New Living Translation
“You must not make a treaty of any kind with the people living in the land. They lust after their gods, offering sacrifices to them. They will invite you to join them in their sacrificial meals, and you will go with them.

English Standard Version
lest you make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land, and when they whore after their gods and sacrifice to their gods and you are invited, you eat of his sacrifice,

Berean Standard Bible
Do not make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land, for when they prostitute themselves to their gods and sacrifice to them, they will invite you, and you will eat their sacrifices.

King James Bible
Lest thou make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land, and they go a whoring after their gods, and do sacrifice unto their gods, and one call thee, and thou eat of his sacrifice;

New King James Version
lest you make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land, and they play the harlot with their gods and make sacrifice to their gods, and one of them invites you and you eat of his sacrifice,

New American Standard Bible
otherwise you might make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land, and they would prostitute themselves with their gods and sacrifice to their gods, and someone might invite you to eat of his sacrifice,

NASB 1995
otherwise you might make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land and they would play the harlot with their gods and sacrifice to their gods, and someone might invite you to eat of his sacrifice,

NASB 1977
lest you make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land and they play the harlot with their gods, and sacrifice to their gods, and someone invite you to eat of his sacrifice;

Legacy Standard Bible
lest you cut a covenant with the inhabitants of the land, and they play the harlot with their gods and sacrifice to their gods, and one of them invite you to eat of his sacrifice,

Amplified Bible
otherwise you might make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land and they would play the prostitute with their gods and sacrifice to their gods, and someone might invite you to eat his sacrifice (meal),

Christian Standard Bible
“Do not make a treaty with the inhabitants of the land, or else when they prostitute themselves with their gods and sacrifice to their gods, they will invite you, and you will eat their sacrifices.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Do not make a treaty with the inhabitants of the land, or else when they prostitute themselves with their gods and sacrifice to their gods, they will invite you, and you will eat their sacrifices.

American Standard Version
lest thou make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land, and they play the harlot after their gods, and sacrifice unto their gods, and one call thee and thou eat of his sacrifice;

Contemporary English Version
Don't make treaties with the people there, or you will soon find yourselves worshiping their gods and taking part in their sacrificial meals.

English Revised Version
lest thou make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land, and they go a whoring after their gods, and do sacrifice unto their gods, and one call thee and thou eat of his sacrifice;

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Be careful not to make a treaty with those who live in that land. When they chase after their gods as though they were prostitutes and sacrifice to them, they may invite you to eat the meat from their sacrifices with them.

Good News Translation
Do not make any treaties with the people of the country, because when they worship their pagan gods and sacrifice to them, they will invite you to join them, and you will be tempted to eat the food they offer to their gods.

International Standard Version
Otherwise, you may make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land and when they prostitute themselves with their gods and offer sacrifices to their gods, someone may invite you and then you may eat some of their sacrifices.

Majority Standard Bible
Do not make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land, for when they prostitute themselves to their gods and sacrifice to them, they will invite you, and you will eat their sacrifices.

NET Bible
Be careful not to make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land, for when they prostitute themselves to their gods and sacrifice to their gods, and someone invites you, you will eat from his sacrifice;

New Heart English Bible
Do not make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land, lest they play the prostitute after their gods, and sacrifice to their gods, and one call you and you eat of his sacrifice;

Webster's Bible Translation
Lest thou make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land, and they go astray after their gods, and do sacrifice to their gods, and one call thee, and thou eat of his sacrifice;

World English Bible
“Don’t make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land, lest they play the prostitute after their gods, and sacrifice to their gods, and one call you and you eat of his sacrifice;
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
Lest you make a covenant with the inhabitant of the land, and they have gone whoring after their gods, and have sacrificed to their gods, and [one] has called to you, and you have eaten of his sacrifice,

Young's Literal Translation
Lest thou make a covenant with the inhabitant of the land, and they have gone a-whoring after their gods, and have sacrificed to their gods, and one hath called to thee, and thou hast eaten of his sacrifice,

Smith's Literal Translation
Lest thou shalt make a covenant to those dwelling in the land and they committed fornication after their gods, and sacrificed to their gods, and call to thee, and thou didst eat from his sacrifice;
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Make no covenant with the men of those countries lest, when they have committed fornication with their gods, and have adored their idols, some one call thee to eat of the things sacrificed.

Catholic Public Domain Version
Do not enter into a pact with the men of those regions, lest, when they will have fornicated with their gods and worshiped their idols, someone might call upon you to eat from what was immolated.

New American Bible
Do not make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land; else, when they prostitute themselves with their gods and sacrifice to them, one of them may invite you and you may partake of the sacrifice.

New Revised Standard Version
You shall not make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land, for when they prostitute themselves to their gods and sacrifice to their gods, someone among them will invite you, and you will eat of the sacrifice.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
You shall not make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land, so that the people may not go astray after their idols and sacrifice to their gods, and they shall invite you, and you shall eat of their sacrifices;

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
You shall not worship another god, because LORD JEHOVAH is zealous; the name of God is zealous:
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
lest thou make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land, and they go astray after their gods, and do sacrifice unto their gods, and they call thee, and thou eat of their sacrifice;

Brenton Septuagint Translation
lest at any time thou make a covenant with the dwellers on the land, and they go a whoring after their gods, and sacrifice to their gods, and they call thee, and thou shouldest eat of their feasts,

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The LORD Renews the Covenant
14For you must not worship any other god, for the LORD, whose name is Jealous, is a jealous God. 15Do not make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land, for when they prostitute themselves to their gods and sacrifice to them, they will invite you, and you will eat their sacrifices. 16And when you take some of their daughters as brides for your sons, their daughters will prostitute themselves to their gods and cause your sons to do the same.…

Cross References
Deuteronomy 7:3-4
Do not intermarry with them. Do not give your daughters to their sons or take their daughters for your sons, / because they will turn your sons away from following Me to serve other gods. Then the anger of the LORD will burn against you, and He will swiftly destroy you.

Judges 2:12-13
Thus they forsook the LORD, the God of their fathers, who had brought them out of the land of Egypt, and they followed after various gods of the peoples around them. They bowed down to them and provoked the LORD to anger, / for they forsook Him and served Baal and the Ashtoreths.

Deuteronomy 6:14-15
Do not follow other gods, the gods of the peoples around you. / For the LORD your God, who is among you, is a jealous God. Otherwise the anger of the LORD your God will be kindled against you, and He will wipe you off the face of the earth.

1 Corinthians 10:20-22
No, but the sacrifices of pagans are offered to demons, not to God. And I do not want you to be participants with demons. / You cannot drink the cup of the Lord and the cup of demons too; you cannot partake in the table of the Lord and the table of demons too. / Are we trying to provoke the Lord to jealousy? Are we stronger than He?

Deuteronomy 31:16
And the LORD said to Moses, “You will soon rest with your fathers, and these people will rise up and prostitute themselves with the foreign gods of the land they are entering. They will forsake Me and break the covenant I have made with them.

2 Corinthians 6:14-17
Do not be unequally yoked with unbelievers. For what partnership can righteousness have with wickedness? Or what fellowship does light have with darkness? / What harmony is there between Christ and Belial? Or what does a believer have in common with an unbeliever? / What agreement can exist between the temple of God and idols? For we are the temple of the living God. As God has said: “I will dwell with them and walk among them, and I will be their God, and they will be My people.” ...

Joshua 23:12-13
For if you turn away and cling to the rest of these nations that remain among you, and if you intermarry and associate with them, / know for sure that the LORD your God will no longer drive out these nations before you. Instead, they will become for you a snare and a trap, a scourge in your sides and thorns in your eyes, until you perish from this good land that the LORD your God has given you.

Hosea 4:12-13
My people consult their wooden idols, and their divining rods inform them. For a spirit of prostitution leads them astray and they have played the harlot against their God. / They sacrifice on the mountaintops and burn offerings on the hills, under oak, poplar, and terebinth, because their shade is pleasant. And so your daughters turn to prostitution and your daughters-in-law to adultery.

1 Kings 11:2-4
These women were from the nations about which the LORD had told the Israelites, “You must not intermarry with them, for surely they will turn your hearts after their gods.” Yet Solomon clung to these women in love. / He had seven hundred wives of royal birth and three hundred concubines—and his wives turned his heart away. / For when Solomon grew old, his wives turned his heart after other gods, and he was not wholeheartedly devoted to the LORD his God, as his father David had been.

Psalm 106:35-39
but they mingled with the nations and adopted their customs. / They worshiped their idols, which became a snare to them. / They sacrificed their sons and their daughters to demons. ...

Revelation 2:14
But I have a few things against you, because some of you hold to the teaching of Balaam, who taught Balak to place a stumbling block before the Israelites so they would eat food sacrificed to idols and commit sexual immorality.

Numbers 25:1-3
While Israel was staying in Shittim, the men began to indulge in sexual immorality with the daughters of Moab, / who also invited them to the sacrifices for their gods. And the people ate and bowed down to these gods. / So Israel joined in worshiping Baal of Peor, and the anger of the LORD burned against them.

1 Corinthians 5:9-11
I wrote you in my letter not to associate with sexually immoral people. / I was not including the sexually immoral of this world, or the greedy and swindlers, or idolaters. In that case you would have to leave this world. / But now I am writing you not to associate with anyone who claims to be a brother but is sexually immoral or greedy, an idolater or a verbal abuser, a drunkard or a swindler. With such a man do not even eat.

Leviticus 17:7
They must no longer offer their sacrifices to the goat demons to which they have prostituted themselves. This will be a permanent statute for them for the generations to come.’

Revelation 17:1-2
Then one of the seven angels with the seven bowls came and said to me, “Come, I will show you the punishment of the great prostitute, who sits on many waters. / The kings of the earth were immoral with her, and those who dwell on the earth were intoxicated with the wine of her immorality.”


Treasury of Scripture

Lest you make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land, and they go a whoring after their gods, and do sacrifice to their gods, and one call you, and you eat of his sacrifice;

make

Exodus 34:10,12
And he said, Behold, I make a covenant: before all thy people I will do marvels, such as have not been done in all the earth, nor in any nation: and all the people among which thou art shall see the work of the LORD: for it is a terrible thing that I will do with thee…

Exodus 23:32
Thou shalt make no covenant with them, nor with their gods.

Deuteronomy 7:2
And when the LORD thy God shall deliver them before thee; thou shalt smite them, and utterly destroy them; thou shalt make no covenant with them, nor shew mercy unto them:

whoring

Leviticus 17:7
And they shall no more offer their sacrifices unto devils, after whom they have gone a whoring. This shall be a statute for ever unto them throughout their generations.

Leviticus 20:5,6
Then I will set my face against that man, and against his family, and will cut him off, and all that go a whoring after him, to commit whoredom with Molech, from among their people…

Numbers 15:39
And it shall be unto you for a fringe, that ye may look upon it, and remember all the commandments of the LORD, and do them; and that ye seek not after your own heart and your own eyes, after which ye use to go a whoring:

call thee

Numbers 25:2
And they called the people unto the sacrifices of their gods: and the people did eat, and bowed down to their gods.

1 Corinthians 10:27
If any of them that believe not bid you to a feast, and ye be disposed to go; whatsoever is set before you, eat, asking no question for conscience sake.

eat

Psalm 106:28
They joined themselves also unto Baalpeor, and ate the sacrifices of the dead.

1 Corinthians 8:4,7,10
As concerning therefore the eating of those things that are offered in sacrifice unto idols, we know that an idol is nothing in the world, and that there is none other God but one…

1 Corinthians 10:20,21
But I say, that the things which the Gentiles sacrifice, they sacrifice to devils, and not to God: and I would not that ye should have fellowship with devils…

Jump to Previous
Agreement Astray Careful Covenant Eat Gods Guests Harlot Inhabitant Inhabitants Invite Invited Invites Offerings Otherwise Part Play Prostitute Sacrifice Someone Themselves Treaty Whoring
Jump to Next
Agreement Astray Careful Covenant Eat Gods Guests Harlot Inhabitant Inhabitants Invite Invited Invites Offerings Otherwise Part Play Prostitute Sacrifice Someone Themselves Treaty Whoring
Exodus 34
1. The tablets are replaced
5. The name of the Lord proclaimed
8. Moses entreats God to go with them
10. God makes a covenant with them, repeating certain duties
28. Moses after forty days on the mount, comes down with the tablets
29. His face is radiant, and he covers it with a veil














Do not make a covenant
The Hebrew word for "covenant" is "בְּרִית" (berit), which signifies a solemn agreement or treaty. In the ancient Near Eastern context, covenants were binding and often involved mutual obligations. God's command here underscores the importance of maintaining spiritual purity and allegiance to Him alone. The Israelites were to avoid alliances that could lead them away from their covenant with Yahweh, emphasizing the exclusivity of their relationship with God.

with the inhabitants of the land
The "inhabitants of the land" refers to the Canaanite peoples who occupied the Promised Land before the Israelites. These groups practiced idolatry and various religious rituals that were abominable to the Lord. Historically, the Canaanites were known for their polytheistic worship, which included deities like Baal and Asherah. God's instruction was a protective measure to prevent the Israelites from being influenced by these pagan practices.

for when they prostitute themselves to their gods
The phrase "prostitute themselves" is translated from the Hebrew "זָנָה" (zanah), which means to commit fornication or idolatry. This metaphorical language illustrates the spiritual unfaithfulness of turning away from God to worship other deities. In the biblical narrative, idolatry is often equated with adultery, highlighting the betrayal of the covenant relationship with God. The Israelites were warned against such spiritual infidelity.

and sacrifice to them
Sacrifices were central to ancient religious practices, serving as acts of worship and appeasement to deities. The Hebrew word "זָבַח" (zabach) means to slaughter for sacrifice. The Israelites were instructed to avoid participating in these rituals, which were dedicated to false gods. This command reinforced the importance of worshiping Yahweh alone and adhering to the sacrificial system He established.

they will invite you
The act of being "invited" suggests a social and religious integration that could lead to compromise. In ancient cultures, sharing in religious feasts was a sign of fellowship and acceptance. God's warning was to prevent the Israelites from being drawn into the Canaanite religious system, which could lead to syncretism and the dilution of their faith.

and you will eat their sacrifices
Eating sacrifices was a communal act that signified participation in the worship of the deity to whom the sacrifice was offered. The Hebrew word "אָכַל" (akal) means to eat or consume. By partaking in these meals, the Israelites would be tacitly endorsing the worship of other gods. This prohibition was a safeguard to maintain the purity of their worship and devotion to Yahweh.

(15, 16) Lest thou make a covenant with the inhabitants.--If a covenant were made with the idolatrous nations of Canaan, and they were allowed to dwell in the land together with the Israelites (Exodus 23:33), the danger would be, in the first place, that Israel would be induced to partake in the idol-feasts; secondly, that intermarriages would take place; and thirdly, that such Israelites as married idolatrous wives would be persuaded by them to join in their worship, and would thus be seduced into actual idolatry. Solomon's example shows the reality of the peril. (See 1Kings 11:1-8.)

Verses 15, 16. - The probable consequences of making treaties with the Canaanite nations, alluded to in ver. 12, and in Exodus 23:33, are here fully set forth. They include -

1. Joining in their idol-feasts;

2. Intermarriages;

3. The actual apostasy cf. those who married idolatrous wives. . . .

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Do not
פֶּן־ (pen-)
Conjunction
Strong's 6435: Removal, lest

make
תִּכְרֹ֥ת (tiḵ·rōṯ)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular
Strong's 3772: To cut, to destroy, consume, to covenant

a covenant
בְּרִ֖ית (bə·rîṯ)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 1285: A covenant

with the inhabitants
לְיוֹשֵׁ֣ב (lə·yō·wō·šêḇ)
Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3427: To sit down, to dwell, to remain, to settle, to marry

of the land,
הָאָ֑רֶץ (hā·’ā·reṣ)
Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 776: Earth, land

for when they prostitute themselves
וְזָנ֣וּ ׀ (wə·zā·nū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 2181: To commit adultery, to commit idolatry

to
אַחֲרֵ֣י (’a·ḥă·rê)
Preposition
Strong's 310: The hind or following part

their gods
אֱלֹֽהֵיהֶ֗ם (’ĕ·lō·hê·hem)
Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural
Strong's 430: gods -- the supreme God, magistrates, a superlative

and sacrifice
וְזָבְחוּ֙ (wə·zā·ḇə·ḥū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 2076: To slaughter for sacrifice

to [them],
לֵאלֹ֣הֵיהֶ֔ם (lê·lō·hê·hem)
Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural
Strong's 430: gods -- the supreme God, magistrates, a superlative

they will invite
וְקָרָ֣א (wə·qā·rā)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 7121: To call, proclaim, read

you,
לְךָ֔ (lə·ḵā)
Preposition | second person masculine singular
Strong's Hebrew

and you will eat
וְאָכַלְתָּ֖ (wə·’ā·ḵal·tā)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singular
Strong's 398: To eat

their sacrifices;
מִזִּבְחֽוֹ׃ (miz·ziḇ·ḥōw)
Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 2077: A slaughter, the flesh of an animal, a sacrifice


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OT Law: Exodus 34:15 Don't make a covenant with the inhabitants (Exo. Ex)
Exodus 34:14
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