Exodus 23:4
New International Version
“If you come across your enemy’s ox or donkey wandering off, be sure to return it.

New Living Translation
“If you come upon your enemy’s ox or donkey that has strayed away, take it back to its owner.

English Standard Version
“If you meet your enemy’s ox or his donkey going astray, you shall bring it back to him.

Berean Standard Bible
If you encounter your enemy’s stray ox or donkey, you must return it to him.

King James Bible
If thou meet thine enemy's ox or his ass going astray, thou shalt surely bring it back to him again.

New King James Version
“If you meet your enemy’s ox or his donkey going astray, you shall surely bring it back to him again.

New American Standard Bible
“If you encounter your enemy’s ox or his donkey wandering away, you must return it to him.

NASB 1995
“If you meet your enemy’s ox or his donkey wandering away, you shall surely return it to him.

NASB 1977
“If you meet your enemy’s ox or his donkey wandering away, you shall surely return it to him.

Legacy Standard Bible
“If you meet your enemy’s ox or his donkey wandering away, you shall surely return it to him.

Amplified Bible
“If you meet your enemy’s ox or his donkey wandering off, you must bring it back to him.

Christian Standard Bible
“If you come across your enemy’s stray ox or donkey, you must return it to him.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
If you come across your enemy’s stray ox or donkey, you must return it to him.”

American Standard Version
If thou meet thine enemy's ox or his ass going astray, thou shalt surely bring it back to him again.

Contemporary English Version
If you find an ox or a donkey that has wandered off, take it back where it belongs, even if the owner is your enemy.

English Revised Version
If thou meet thine enemy's ox or his ass going astray, thou shalt surely bring it back to him again.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
"Whenever you come across your enemy's ox or donkey wandering loose, be sure to take it back to him.

Good News Translation
"If you happen to see your enemy's cow or donkey running loose, take it back to him.

International Standard Version
"If you come across your enemy's ox or donkey wandering off, you are to certainly return it to him.

Majority Standard Bible
If you encounter your enemy’s stray ox or donkey, you must return it to him.

NET Bible
"If you encounter your enemy's ox or donkey wandering off, you must by all means return it to him.

New Heart English Bible
"If you meet your enemy's ox or his donkey going astray, you shall surely bring it back to him again.

Webster's Bible Translation
If thou shalt meet thy enemy's ox or his ass going astray, thou shalt surely bring it back to him again.

World English Bible
“If you meet your enemy’s ox or his donkey going astray, you shall surely bring it back to him again.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
When you meet your enemy’s ox or his donkey going astray, you certainly turn it back to him;

Young's Literal Translation
'When thou meetest thine enemy's ox or his ass going astray, thou dost certainly turn it back to him;

Smith's Literal Translation
If thou shalt meet thine enemy's ox or his ass wandering, turning back, thou shalt turn him back to him.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
If thou meet thy enemy's ox or ass going astray, bring it back to him.

Catholic Public Domain Version
If you come across an ox or a donkey of your enemy, which has gone astray, lead it back to him.

New American Bible
When you come upon your enemy’s ox or donkey going astray, you must see to it that it is returned.

New Revised Standard Version
When you come upon your enemy’s ox or donkey going astray, you shall bring it back.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
If you meet your enemy's ox or his ass going astray, you shall surely bring it back to him again.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And when you will come upon the ox of your enemy or upon his donkey when going astray, be sure to return them to him.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
If thou meet thine enemy's ox or his ass going astray, thou shalt surely bring it back to him again.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And if thou meet thine enemy's ox or his ass going astray, thou shalt turn them back and restore them to him.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Justice and Mercy
3And do not show favoritism to a poor man in his lawsuit. 4If you encounter your enemy’s stray ox or donkey, you must return it to him. 5If you see the donkey of one who hates you fallen under its load, do not leave it there; you must help him with it.…

Cross References
Proverbs 25:21-22
If your enemy is hungry, give him food to eat, and if he is thirsty, give him water to drink. / For in so doing, you will heap burning coals on his head, and the LORD will reward you.

Matthew 5:44
But I tell you, love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you,

Luke 6:27-28
But to those of you who will listen, I say: Love your enemies, do good to those who hate you, / bless those who curse you, pray for those who mistreat you.

Romans 12:20
On the contrary, “If your enemy is hungry, feed him; if he is thirsty, give him a drink. For in so doing, you will heap burning coals on his head.”

Deuteronomy 22:1-4
If you see your brother’s ox or sheep straying, you must not ignore it; be sure to return it to your brother. / If your brother does not live near you, or if you do not know who he is, you are to take the animal home to remain with you until your brother comes seeking it; then you can return it to him. / And you shall do the same for his donkey, his cloak, or anything your brother has lost and you have found. You must not ignore it. ...

Leviticus 19:18
Do not seek revenge or bear a grudge against any of your people, but love your neighbor as yourself. I am the LORD.

Proverbs 24:17
Do not gloat when your enemy falls, and do not let your heart rejoice when he stumbles,

1 Samuel 24:17-19
and said to David, “You are more righteous than I, for you have rewarded me with good, though I have rewarded you with evil. / And you have declared this day how you have treated me well, for when the LORD delivered me into your hand, you did not kill me. / When a man finds his enemy, does he let him go away unharmed? May the LORD reward you with good for what you have done for me this day.

2 Kings 6:22
“Do not kill them,” he replied. “Would you kill those you have captured with your own sword or bow? Set food and water before them, that they may eat and drink and then return to their master.”

Job 31:29-30
If I have rejoiced in my enemy’s ruin, or exulted when evil befell him— / I have not allowed my mouth to sin by asking for his life with a curse—

Matthew 7:12
In everything, then, do to others as you would have them do to you. For this is the essence of the Law and the Prophets.

Luke 10:33-37
But a Samaritan on a journey came upon him, and when he saw him, he had compassion. / He went to him and bandaged his wounds, pouring on oil and wine. Then he put him on his own animal, brought him to an inn, and took care of him. / The next day he took out two denarii and gave them to the innkeeper. ‘Take care of him,’ he said, ‘and on my return I will repay you for any additional expense.’ ...

Galatians 6:10
Therefore, as we have opportunity, let us do good to everyone, and especially to the family of faith.

1 Thessalonians 5:15
Make sure that no one repays evil for evil. Always pursue what is good for one another and for all people.

1 Peter 3:9
Do not repay evil with evil or insult with insult, but with blessing, because to this you were called so that you may inherit a blessing.


Treasury of Scripture

If you meet your enemy's ox or his ass going astray, you shall surely bring it back to him again.

Deuteronomy 22:1-4
Thou shalt not see thy brother's ox or his sheep go astray, and hide thyself from them: thou shalt in any case bring them again unto thy brother…

Job 31:29,30
If I rejoiced at the destruction of him that hated me, or lifted up myself when evil found him: …

Proverbs 24:17,18
Rejoice not when thine enemy falleth, and let not thine heart be glad when he stumbleth: …

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Ass Astray Donkey Enemy's Friend Meet Meetest Ox Sure Surely Turn Wandering Way
Exodus 23
1. Of slander, false witness, and partiality
4. Of charitableness
6. Of justice in judgment
8. Of taking bribes
9. Of oppressing a stranger
10. Of the year of rest
12. Of the Sabbath
13. Of idolatry
14. Of the three feasts
18. Of the blood and the fat of the sacrifice
20. An angel is promised, with a blessing, if they obey him














If you encounter
The Hebrew word for "encounter" is "פָּגַע" (paga), which implies a chance meeting or an unexpected event. This suggests that the situation described is not premeditated but rather a spontaneous opportunity to act righteously. In the broader biblical context, this word encourages believers to be prepared to act in accordance with God's commandments at all times, even in unexpected circumstances.

your enemy’s
The term "enemy" in Hebrew is "אוֹיֵב" (oyev), which denotes someone who harbors hostility or opposition. This phrase challenges the believer to transcend personal grievances and animosities. In a conservative Christian perspective, this reflects Jesus' teaching in the New Testament to love one's enemies (Matthew 5:44), emphasizing the call to demonstrate God's love and grace even towards those who oppose us.

stray ox or donkey
The ox and donkey were valuable assets in ancient agrarian societies, essential for farming and transportation. The Hebrew words "שׁוֹר" (shor) for ox and "חֲמוֹר" (chamor) for donkey highlight the economic importance of these animals. The mention of them being "stray" indicates they are lost or separated from their owner, symbolizing vulnerability and the need for responsible stewardship. This phrase underscores the biblical principle of caring for others' property and the broader call to stewardship and community responsibility.

you must return it
The command "return" is derived from the Hebrew "שׁוּב" (shuv), meaning to restore or bring back. This action is not merely a suggestion but a moral imperative, reflecting God's justice and righteousness. In the conservative Christian view, this act of returning what is lost is a reflection of God's redemptive work, mirroring the spiritual restoration offered through Christ.

to him
The phrase "to him" personalizes the command, emphasizing the relational aspect of the action. It is not enough to simply find the stray animal; the responsibility extends to ensuring it is returned to its rightful owner. This highlights the importance of reconciliation and the restoration of relationships, aligning with the biblical theme of peace and unity within the community.

(4) Thine enemy's ox.--The general duty of stopping stray animals and restoring them to friendly owners, expressly taught in Deuteronomy 22:1-3, is here implied as if admitted on all hands. The legislator extends this duty to cases where the owner is our personal enemy. It was not generally recognised in antiquity that men's enemies had any claims upon them. Cicero, indeed, says--"Sunt autem quaedam officia etiam adversus eos servanda, a quibus injuriam aceeperis" (De Off. i. 11); but he stops short of enjoining active benevolence. Here and in Exodus 23:5 we have a sort of anticipation of Christianity--active kindness to an enemy being required, even when it costs us some trouble. The principle of friendliness is involved--the germ which in Christianity blossoms out into the precept, "Love your enemies."

Verse 4. - Thine enemy's ox. A private enemy is here spoken of, not a public one, as in Deuteronomy 23:6. It is remarkable that the law should have so far anticipated Christianity as to have laid it down that men have duties of friendliness even towards their enemies, and are bound under certain circumstances to render them a service. "Hate thine enemies" (Matthew 5:43) was no injunction of the Mosaic taw, but a conclusion which Rabbinical teachers unwarrantably drew from it. Christianity, however, goes far beyond Mosaism in laying down the broad precept - "Love your enemies."

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
If
כִּ֣י (kî)
Conjunction
Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction

you encounter
תִפְגַּ֞ע (ṯip̄·ga‘)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular
Strong's 6293: To impinge, by accident, violence, by importunity

your enemy’s
אֹֽיִבְךָ֛ (’ō·yiḇ·ḵā)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular
Strong's 341: Hating, an adversary

stray
תֹּעֶ֑ה (tō·‘eh)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 8582: To vacillate, reel, stray

ox
שׁ֧וֹר (šō·wr)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 7794: A head of cattle (bullock, ox, etcetera)

or
א֥וֹ (’ōw)
Conjunction
Strong's 176: Desire, if

donkey,
חֲמֹר֖וֹ (ḥă·mō·rōw)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 2543: A male ass

you must return
הָשֵׁ֥ב (hā·šêḇ)
Verb - Hifil - Infinitive absolute
Strong's 7725: To turn back, in, to retreat, again

it to him.
תְּשִׁיבֶ֖נּוּ (tə·šî·ḇen·nū)
Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - second person masculine singular | third person masculine singular
Strong's 7725: To turn back, in, to retreat, again


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OT Law: Exodus 23:4 If you meet your enemy's ox (Exo. Ex)
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