Now about
This phrase indicates a transition in Paul's letter, moving from previous topics to a new subject. The Greek word "περὶ" (peri) suggests a concerning or regarding nature, showing Paul's intent to address a specific issue that was likely raised by the Corinthian church. This transition highlights the practical nature of Paul's epistles, addressing real-life concerns of the early Christian communities.

the collection
The Greek term "λογεία" (logeia) refers to a collection or gathering, often of money. This was a common practice in the early church, where believers would pool resources to support those in need. Historically, this collection was intended for the impoverished believers in Jerusalem, reflecting the early church's commitment to charity and mutual support.

for the saints
The word "saints" (ἁγίοις, hagiois) refers to the holy ones or believers in Christ. In the early church, this term was used to describe all Christians, emphasizing their set-apart status for God's purposes. The specific mention of "saints" here underscores the unity and interconnectedness of the global church, as well as the responsibility to care for fellow believers.

you are to do
This directive from Paul is not merely a suggestion but an instruction. The Greek verb "ποιήσατε" (poiesate) is an imperative, indicating an action that the Corinthians are expected to carry out. This reflects the apostolic authority Paul held and the expectation of obedience to his guidance.

as I directed
The Greek word "διέταξα" (dietaxa) means to arrange or prescribe. Paul had previously given similar instructions to other churches, showing a consistent approach to addressing the needs of the Jerusalem church. This consistency highlights the organized and intentional nature of early Christian charity.

the churches of Galatia
Galatia was a region in modern-day Turkey, and the churches there were among the first to receive Paul's instructions regarding the collection. This reference serves as an example for the Corinthians, showing that they are part of a larger body of believers who are all participating in this act of generosity. It also reflects the interconnectedness of the early church, where practices and teachings were shared across different communities.

On the first day of every week
This phrase indicates the early Christian practice of gathering on Sunday, the day of Christ's resurrection. The Greek term "μίαν σαββάτου" (mian sabbatou) translates to "first of the week," signifying a shift from the Jewish Sabbath (Saturday) to the Lord's Day (Sunday). This transition highlights the new covenant and the resurrection's centrality in Christian worship. Historically, this practice is supported by early church writings, such as those of Justin Martyr, who noted Sunday as the day of communal worship and thanksgiving.

each of you should set aside a portion of his income
The Greek word "θησαυρίζων" (thesaurizōn) means to store up or treasure. This instruction emphasizes intentionality and regularity in giving, reflecting a heart of stewardship. The act of setting aside a portion signifies prioritizing God's work and acknowledging His provision. This practice is rooted in the Old Testament principle of tithing, yet it is transformed in the New Testament to reflect voluntary and cheerful giving, as seen in 2 Corinthians 9:7.

saving it up
The phrase "saving it up" suggests a disciplined approach to financial stewardship. The Greek "θησαυρίζων" (thesaurizōn) again implies accumulating or treasuring. This reflects a proactive and planned approach to giving, ensuring that resources are available for the needs of the church and its mission. It underscores the importance of foresight and responsibility in managing one's resources for the kingdom's advancement.

so that when I come, no collections will be needed
Paul's intention here is to ensure that the collection for the Jerusalem church is ready upon his arrival, avoiding any last-minute pressure or compulsion. The Greek "λογίαι" (logiai) refers to collections or contributions. This approach promotes orderliness and prevents any disruption in worship or ministry. It also reflects Paul's desire for transparency and integrity in handling financial matters, ensuring that the church's generosity is a willing and joyful expression of faith.

Then, on my arrival
The phrase "on my arrival" indicates the Apostle Paul's intention to personally oversee the process of delivering the collection to Jerusalem. The Greek word for "arrival" (παρουσία, parousia) often denotes presence or coming, emphasizing Paul's active role and personal involvement. Historically, this reflects the early church's practice of accountability and transparency in handling financial matters, ensuring that the collection was managed with integrity.

I will send letters
The use of "letters" (ἐπιστολάς, epistolas) here refers to written communications that would authenticate the bearers of the gift. In the ancient world, letters served as official documents that provided authority and legitimacy. This practice underscores the importance of trust and verification in the early Christian community, ensuring that the funds were delivered to the intended recipients.

with those you recommend
The phrase "those you recommend" highlights the communal aspect of decision-making in the early church. The Greek word for "recommend" (δοκιμάζω, dokimazo) means to test or approve. This implies that the Corinthians were to select trustworthy individuals who had been tested and found reliable. It reflects the biblical principle of appointing faithful stewards, as seen in other scriptural contexts where character and reputation are paramount.

to carry your gift
The term "gift" (χάρισμα, charisma) in this context refers to the financial contribution collected for the Jerusalem church. The use of "gift" emphasizes the voluntary and gracious nature of the offering, rooted in the Greek concept of grace (χάρις, charis). This reflects the early Christian understanding of giving as an act of grace and fellowship, supporting the unity and mutual care within the body of Christ.

to Jerusalem
Jerusalem was the center of the early Christian church and held significant spiritual and historical importance. The collection for the Jerusalem church was a tangible expression of solidarity and support from the Gentile believers to their Jewish brethren. This act of generosity served to bridge cultural and ethnic divides, fostering unity within the diverse body of Christ. Historically, it also reflects the socio-economic challenges faced by the Jerusalem church, necessitating support from the wider Christian community.

And if it is advisable
The phrase "And if it is advisable" suggests a conditional decision-making process. The Greek word used here is "ἄξιον" (axion), which implies something that is fitting or worthy. In the context of Paul's ministry, this reflects a careful consideration of what is beneficial for the church and the mission. Paul is not acting on impulse but is seeking wisdom and discernment, which is a model for Christian decision-making. This highlights the importance of seeking God's guidance and the counsel of others in making decisions that align with His will.

for me to go also
Here, Paul is contemplating his own involvement in the journey. The Greek word "πορεύομαι" (poreuomai) means to go or to travel. This reflects Paul's willingness to be personally involved in the matters of the church, demonstrating servant leadership. His readiness to accompany others shows his commitment to the unity and well-being of the church. It serves as an example of how leaders should be willing to step into roles that support and uplift the community, even if it requires personal sacrifice.

they can travel with me
The phrase "they can travel with me" indicates a sense of partnership and collaboration. The Greek word "συμπαραγίνομαι" (symparaginomai) means to come together or to accompany. This reflects the early Christian practice of communal support and shared mission. Paul is not acting in isolation but is inviting others to join him, emphasizing the importance of fellowship and collective effort in the work of the Gospel. It underscores the biblical principle that the Christian journey is not meant to be solitary but is enriched by the presence and support of fellow believers.

After I go through Macedonia
The phrase "After I go through Macedonia" indicates Paul's travel plans and his strategic approach to ministry. Macedonia was a significant region in the ancient world, known for its historical and cultural influence. The Greek root for "Macedonia" is "Μακεδονία" (Makedonia), which was a Roman province in northern Greece. This region was home to important cities like Philippi and Thessalonica, where Paul had previously established churches. His intention to travel through Macedonia reflects his commitment to nurturing and strengthening the early Christian communities he had founded. Historically, Macedonia was a crossroads of trade and culture, making it a strategic location for spreading the Gospel. Paul's journey through Macedonia underscores the importance of revisiting and reinforcing the faith of believers, ensuring that the seeds of the Gospel continue to grow and bear fruit.

however, I will come to you
The word "however" introduces a contrast or exception, indicating Paul's determination to visit the Corinthians despite his other commitments. The phrase "I will come to you" is a promise of personal presence and pastoral care. The Greek verb "ἔρχομαι" (erchomai) means "to come" or "to go," emphasizing movement and intention. Paul's assurance of his visit highlights his deep pastoral concern for the Corinthian church. In a time when travel was arduous and communication was limited, Paul's commitment to visit in person demonstrates the value he placed on direct fellowship and teaching. This reflects the heart of a shepherd who desires to be with his flock, to guide, correct, and encourage them in their faith journey.

for I will be going through Macedonia
The repetition of his travel plans "for I will be going through Macedonia" reinforces the certainty and purpose of his journey. The Greek preposition "διὰ" (dia) means "through," indicating a thorough passage or journey. This suggests that Paul's travels were not merely a transit but an intentional mission to engage with the churches along the way. Historically, Paul's missionary journeys were marked by strategic planning and divine guidance, as he sought to maximize his impact for the Gospel. By stating his plans to go through Macedonia, Paul communicates his methodical approach to ministry, ensuring that each step of his journey is purposeful and aligned with God's calling. This serves as an inspiration for believers to be intentional in their own spiritual journeys, seeking God's direction and making the most of every opportunity to share and live out the Gospel.

Perhaps I will stay with you for a while
The word "perhaps" indicates Paul's openness to the leading of the Holy Spirit and the uncertainty of his plans. In the Greek, "tacha" suggests a possibility rather than a certainty, reflecting Paul's humility and dependence on God's will. This phrase underscores the importance of flexibility in ministry, recognizing that our plans should always be subject to God's direction. Historically, Corinth was a significant city in ancient Greece, known for its wealth and immorality, making it a strategic location for Paul's ministry. His desire to "stay with you for a while" shows his commitment to nurturing the young church and providing them with spiritual guidance.

or even spend the winter
The mention of "winter" is significant in the ancient context, as travel during this season was often perilous due to weather conditions. The Greek word "paracheimaso" implies a prolonged stay, suggesting that Paul was considering a substantial period of ministry and fellowship with the Corinthians. This reflects the apostle's dedication to building strong, enduring relationships with the believers, emphasizing the importance of community and mutual support in the Christian faith.

so that you can help me on my journey
Here, Paul acknowledges the role of the Corinthian church in supporting his missionary endeavors. The Greek word "propempō" means to send forth or accompany, indicating that Paul expected both spiritual and possibly material assistance. This highlights the biblical principle of partnership in ministry, where the local church plays a crucial role in the spread of the Gospel. It also serves as a reminder of the interconnectedness of the body of Christ, where each member contributes to the mission.

wherever I go
This phrase reflects Paul's apostolic calling and his readiness to follow God's leading to new mission fields. The Greek "hopou ean poreuōmai" conveys a sense of divine appointment and purpose, underscoring the unpredictability and adventure of a life dedicated to serving Christ. Historically, Paul's journeys were instrumental in the spread of Christianity throughout the Roman Empire, and his willingness to go "wherever" God led him serves as an inspiration for believers to trust in God's plan and be open to His guidance in their own lives.

For I do not want
The phrase begins with a clear expression of Paul's desire, or rather, his lack of desire. The Greek word used here is "thelō," which conveys a strong intention or wish. Paul is emphasizing his personal longing and intentionality in his relationship with the Corinthians. This reflects the deep pastoral care and commitment he has for the church, highlighting the importance of intentional fellowship within the body of Christ.

to see you now only in passing
Paul's use of "in passing" (Greek: "parodo") suggests a brief, superficial encounter. He contrasts this with his desire for a more meaningful interaction. Historically, Corinth was a bustling city, a hub of commerce and culture, which could easily lend itself to transient relationships. Paul, however, seeks depth and substance, underscoring the Christian call to invest in deep, meaningful relationships within the church community.

I hope to spend some time with you
The word "hope" (Greek: "elpizō") here is not a mere wish but a confident expectation. Paul’s hope is rooted in his faith and trust in God’s providence. The phrase "spend some time" indicates his desire for an extended period of fellowship, reflecting the early church's emphasis on community and discipleship. This aligns with the scriptural principle of iron sharpening iron (Proverbs 27:17), where believers grow through sustained interaction.

if the Lord permits
This phrase acknowledges the sovereignty of God over human plans. The Greek word "ean" (if) introduces a conditional clause, while "epitrepsē" (permits) indicates allowance or permission. Paul’s submission to the Lord’s will is a model of humility and dependence on divine guidance. This reflects the biblical teaching found in James 4:15, where believers are encouraged to say, "If it is the Lord’s will, we will live and do this or that." It serves as a reminder that all plans should be held loosely, subject to God’s ultimate authority and timing.

But I will stay
The phrase "But I will stay" indicates Paul's deliberate decision to remain in a particular location. The Greek word for "stay" is "epimeno," which implies a steadfastness or persistence. This reflects Paul's commitment to his mission and the work he was doing in Ephesus. It suggests a sense of purpose and dedication, highlighting the importance of perseverance in ministry. Paul's decision to stay is not merely a matter of convenience but a strategic choice to further the Gospel.

in Ephesus
Ephesus was a major city in the Roman province of Asia, known for its significant cultural, economic, and religious influence. It was home to the Temple of Artemis, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. The city's prominence made it a strategic location for spreading the Gospel. Paul's ministry in Ephesus was marked by both great success and significant opposition, as recorded in Acts 19. His time there was crucial for establishing a strong Christian community that would influence the surrounding regions.

until Pentecost
Pentecost, originally a Jewish feast known as the Feast of Weeks, occurs fifty days after Passover. It was a time of pilgrimage and celebration, marking the end of the grain harvest. For Christians, Pentecost holds additional significance as the day the Holy Spirit descended upon the apostles, as described in Acts 2. By mentioning Pentecost, Paul not only provides a timeline for his stay but also connects his work to the broader narrative of God's redemptive plan. The anticipation of Pentecost may also suggest Paul's hope for a spiritual harvest in Ephesus, paralleling the physical harvest celebrated during the feast.

a great door
The phrase "a great door" in the original Greek is "θύρα μεγάλη" (thyra megalē). In ancient times, a door symbolized opportunity and access. The use of "great" emphasizes the magnitude and significance of this opportunity. Historically, doors were not just physical barriers but also represented transitions and new phases. In a spiritual context, Paul is referring to a significant opportunity for ministry and spreading the Gospel. This aligns with the biblical theme of God opening doors for His purposes, as seen in Revelation 3:8, where God opens doors that no one can shut.

for effective work
The Greek term for "effective" is "ἐνεργής" (energēs), which implies active, powerful, and productive work. This suggests that the opportunity Paul is referring to is not just any work, but one that is divinely empowered and fruitful. The historical context of Paul's missionary journeys shows that he was constantly seeking to maximize his impact for the Kingdom of God. The "effective work" indicates that this opportunity is ripe for a significant harvest, aligning with the biblical principle that God equips and empowers His servants for the tasks He sets before them.

has opened to me
The phrase "has opened" comes from the Greek "ἀνέῳγεν" (aneōgen), indicating a completed action with ongoing results. This suggests that God Himself has orchestrated this opportunity, and it remains available for Paul to step into. The passive voice implies divine intervention, consistent with the biblical understanding that God is the one who opens doors of opportunity for His people. This reflects the sovereignty of God in guiding and directing the paths of His servants.

even though many oppose me
The Greek word for "oppose" is "ἀντικείμενοι" (antikeimenoi), meaning to be set against or to resist. This highlights the reality of spiritual warfare and opposition that often accompanies the advancement of God's Kingdom. Historically, Paul faced significant opposition from both Jewish and Gentile communities, as well as from spiritual forces. This phrase serves as a reminder that effective ministry often encounters resistance, yet it is through perseverance and reliance on God's strength that believers can overcome such challenges. The presence of opposition does not negate the opportunity but rather confirms its importance and potential impact.

If Timothy comes
The phrase "If Timothy comes" indicates a conditional situation, suggesting that Timothy's arrival is anticipated but not guaranteed. Timothy was a close companion and protégé of Paul, often sent on missions to support and strengthen the early churches. The Greek word for "comes" (ἔρχομαι, erchomai) implies movement or arrival, emphasizing the dynamic nature of early Christian ministry. Historically, Timothy's role was crucial in maintaining the doctrinal purity and organizational structure of the nascent church, reflecting the trust Paul placed in him.

see to it that he has nothing to fear
This phrase underscores the importance of providing a supportive and welcoming environment for Timothy. The Greek word for "fear" (φοβέω, phobeo) can denote both reverence and terror, but in this context, it refers to the latter. Paul is urging the Corinthians to ensure Timothy's safety and peace of mind, highlighting the potential challenges and opposition faced by early Christian leaders. This reflects the broader biblical principle of hospitality and care for fellow believers, as seen throughout the New Testament.

while he is with you
The phrase "while he is with you" emphasizes the temporary nature of Timothy's stay. It suggests a period of fellowship and mutual edification. The early church was characterized by itinerant ministry, with leaders like Timothy moving between congregations to teach and encourage. This transient nature required strong community bonds and a shared commitment to the mission of the church.

for he is doing the Lord’s work
Here, Paul affirms Timothy's ministry as divinely ordained. The phrase "the Lord’s work" (τὸ ἔργον τοῦ Κυρίου, to ergon tou Kyriou) signifies activities that advance the kingdom of God. This acknowledgment serves to legitimize Timothy's authority and mission, reminding the Corinthians that his work is not merely human effort but a continuation of Christ's mission on earth. It reflects the biblical theme of divine calling and service, as seen in passages like Ephesians 2:10.

just as I am
By stating "just as I am," Paul draws a parallel between his own ministry and that of Timothy. This comparison serves to elevate Timothy's status in the eyes of the Corinthians, reinforcing the idea that Timothy's work is an extension of Paul's apostolic mission. The phrase also highlights the unity and continuity within the early church leadership, emphasizing that all are working towards the same divine purpose. This unity is a recurring theme in Paul's letters, as he often stresses the importance of harmony and cooperation among believers.

No one, then, should treat him with contempt
The phrase "No one, then, should treat him with contempt" speaks to the respect and honor that should be afforded to Timothy, a young leader in the early church. The Greek word for "contempt" is "exoutheneó," which means to despise or treat as of no account. In the historical context of the early church, young leaders like Timothy might have faced skepticism or disrespect due to their age or inexperience. Paul, therefore, emphasizes the importance of recognizing the authority and calling that God has placed on Timothy, regardless of his youth. This serves as a reminder that God often chooses the unlikely or the young to fulfill His purposes, and the church is called to support and respect those whom God has appointed.

Send him on his way in peace
The phrase "Send him on his way in peace" reflects the customary practice of the early church to provide support and blessing to those who were traveling for ministry. The Greek word for "peace" is "eiréné," which denotes a state of tranquility and harmony. In a broader biblical context, peace is a fruit of the Spirit and a sign of God's presence. By sending Timothy "in peace," the Corinthians are encouraged to ensure that he is well-provided for and encouraged, reflecting the unity and love that should characterize the body of Christ. This also underscores the importance of hospitality and support within the Christian community, especially for those who are laboring in the gospel.

so that he can return to me
The phrase "so that he can return to me" indicates Paul's desire for Timothy to come back to him after his mission. This reflects the close relationship and partnership in ministry that Paul and Timothy shared. The historical context shows that Paul often mentored younger leaders, investing in their spiritual growth and development. This phrase highlights the importance of discipleship and the continuation of ministry work through the next generation. It also suggests a sense of accountability and mutual support among early church leaders, which is a model for contemporary Christian leadership.

for I am expecting him along with the brothers
The phrase "for I am expecting him along with the brothers" reveals Paul's anticipation of Timothy's return with other believers. The term "brothers" (Greek: "adelphoi") is often used in the New Testament to refer to fellow Christians, emphasizing the familial bond within the church. This expectation of Timothy's return with "the brothers" suggests a collaborative effort in ministry and the importance of community in the work of the gospel. It also reflects the interconnectedness of the early Christian communities, where leaders and members supported one another across distances. This serves as an inspiration for modern believers to foster strong, supportive relationships within the church, working together for the advancement of God's kingdom.

Now about our brother Apollos
The phrase introduces Apollos, a significant figure in the early church. Apollos was a learned Jew from Alexandria, known for his eloquence and knowledge of the Scriptures (Acts 18:24-28). The term "brother" signifies the close spiritual kinship among early Christians, emphasizing unity and shared faith. Historically, Apollos played a crucial role in the Corinthian church, where factions had arisen, some claiming allegiance to him (1 Corinthians 1:12). This highlights the early church's challenges in maintaining unity amidst diverse leadership.

I strongly urged him
The Greek word for "urged" (παρεκάλεσα, parekalesa) conveys a sense of earnest appeal or encouragement. Paul, as an apostle, often used his authority to guide and direct the early church leaders. This urging reflects Paul's desire for Apollos to continue his ministry in Corinth, recognizing his influence and ability to edify the believers there. It also shows Paul's humility and willingness to collaborate with other leaders for the church's benefit.

to go to you with the brothers
This phrase indicates Paul's intention for Apollos to travel with other believers, emphasizing the importance of fellowship and accountability in ministry. The "brothers" likely refers to other Christian workers or messengers who were traveling to Corinth. This practice of sending groups rather than individuals underscores the communal nature of early Christian missions and the support system within the church.

He was not at all willing to go now
Apollos's reluctance to visit Corinth at that time is noteworthy. The Greek phrase used here suggests a firm decision, indicating that Apollos had valid reasons for his choice. This decision could be due to personal, spiritual, or strategic considerations. It reflects the autonomy and discernment exercised by early church leaders, even when faced with apostolic requests. It also highlights the respect Paul had for Apollos's judgment and timing.

but he will go when he has the opportunity
This part of the verse reveals Apollos's commitment to eventually visit Corinth, showing his ongoing concern for the church there. The phrase "when he has the opportunity" suggests a reliance on divine timing and providence, a common theme in Paul's writings. It underscores the belief that ministry should be conducted according to God's will and timing, rather than human agendas. This trust in God's sovereignty is a foundational principle in Christian ministry, encouraging believers to wait patiently for the right moment to act.

Be on the alert
The Greek word used here is "γρηγορεῖτε" (grēgoreite), which means to be watchful or vigilant. In the historical context of the early church, this exhortation was crucial as believers faced both external persecution and internal doctrinal challenges. The call to be alert is a reminder to Christians to be spiritually awake and discerning, recognizing the subtle ways in which the enemy might attempt to infiltrate or disrupt their faith. This vigilance is not passive but active, requiring constant attention to one's spiritual environment and readiness to respond to threats against the faith.

Stand firm in the faith
The phrase "stand firm" comes from the Greek "στήκετε" (stēkete), which conveys the idea of being steadfast and immovable. In the context of Corinth, a city known for its moral and spiritual challenges, Paul urges the believers to hold their ground in the truth of the Gospel. This steadfastness is not merely about personal conviction but is rooted in the collective faith of the Christian community. Historically, standing firm in the faith has been a hallmark of Christian perseverance, especially in the face of trials and temptations. It calls believers to anchor themselves in the doctrines and teachings of Christ, resisting the pressures to conform to the world.

Be men of courage
The Greek term "ἀνδρίζεσθε" (andrizesthe) is used here, which literally means "act like men" or "be courageous." This phrase is a call to maturity and bravery, urging believers to exhibit the strength and resolve that comes from a deep trust in God. In the cultural context of the time, courage was a highly valued trait, often associated with warriors and leaders. For Christians, this courage is not about physical prowess but about moral and spiritual fortitude. It is the courage to stand for truth, to live out one's faith boldly, and to face opposition with confidence in God's promises.

Be strong
The Greek word "κραταιοῦσθε" (krataiousthe) means to be strengthened or to grow strong. This strength is not self-derived but is empowered by the Holy Spirit. In the scriptural context, strength is often linked to reliance on God rather than on human abilities. The call to be strong is an encouragement to draw from the divine power available to believers, enabling them to overcome challenges and fulfill their God-given mission. Historically, the strength of the early church was evident in its ability to thrive despite persecution, a testament to the empowering presence of God among His people.

Let all that you do
This phrase sets a comprehensive standard for Christian conduct. The Greek word for "all" is "πάντα" (panta), which means everything without exception. This implies that every action, decision, and interaction should be encompassed by the following principle. Historically, the Corinthian church was dealing with divisions and moral issues, and Paul’s instruction here is a call to unity and integrity in every aspect of life. It is a reminder that the Christian life is not compartmentalized; rather, it is holistic, with every part of life reflecting one's faith.

be done
The Greek verb "γινέσθω" (ginesthō) is in the imperative mood, indicating a command. This is not a suggestion but a directive from Paul. The use of the imperative underscores the importance and urgency of the action. In the context of the early church, where believers were often in conflict with one another and with the surrounding culture, this command serves as a guiding principle for behavior. It emphasizes intentionality and purpose in actions, suggesting that believers should consciously choose to act in a way that aligns with their faith.

in love
The Greek word for love here is "ἀγάπῃ" (agapē), which is often described as selfless, sacrificial love. This is the same type of love that is described in 1 Corinthians 13, often referred to as the "Love Chapter." Agapē is not based on feelings or emotions but is a deliberate choice to seek the well-being of others. In the historical context of Corinth, a city known for its immorality and idolatry, this call to love would have been countercultural. Scripturally, this aligns with Jesus’ commandment to love one another as He has loved us (John 13:34). It is a love that reflects the character of God and is the hallmark of true Christian discipleship. This love is transformative, both for the individual and the community, fostering unity, peace, and growth in the body of Christ.

You know
This phrase indicates that Paul is addressing the Corinthians with information they are already familiar with. The Greek word used here, "οἴδατε" (oidate), implies a deep, experiential knowledge. Paul is reminding the Corinthians of a shared history and understanding, emphasizing the importance of community memory and the continuity of faith.

the household of Stephanas
The term "household" (Greek: "οἶκος," oikos) refers not just to family members but to all who lived and worked within a household, including servants. Stephanas is mentioned as a leader and a significant figure in the early church. His household's conversion signifies the spread of Christianity beyond individual conversions to entire family units, reflecting the communal nature of early Christian faith.

were the first converts in Achaia
The phrase "first converts" (Greek: "ἀπαρχὴ," aparchē) can be translated as "firstfruits," a term often used in the Old Testament to denote the first and best portion offered to God. Achaia was a Roman province in southern Greece, and the conversion of Stephanas' household marks the beginning of the Christian community in this region. This highlights the pioneering spirit of early evangelism and the strategic importance of establishing a foothold in key locations.

and they have devoted themselves
The Greek word for "devoted" is "ἔταξαν" (etaxan), which conveys a sense of deliberate and committed action. This devotion is not passive but an active, ongoing commitment to a cause. The household of Stephanas exemplifies the call to serve within the Christian community, setting a standard for others to follow.

to the service of the saints
The term "service" (Greek: "διακονία," diakonia) is often associated with ministry and the work of deacons. It implies a humble, servant-hearted approach to leadership and community life. "Saints" (Greek: "ἁγίων," hagiōn) refers to all believers, emphasizing the equality and unity of the Christian community. The household of Stephanas serves as a model of selfless service, embodying the teachings of Christ to love and serve one another.

to submit
The Greek word used here is "hypotassō," which means to arrange under, to subordinate, or to subject oneself. In the context of the early church, submission was not about blind obedience but rather a willing and respectful acknowledgment of the authority and leadership within the Christian community. This submission is rooted in humility and a recognition of the spiritual gifts and roles that God has appointed within the body of Christ. It reflects a heart that is willing to serve and support the mission of the church.

to such as these
This phrase refers to the leaders and workers in the church who are dedicated to the ministry and the service of the Lord. Paul is emphasizing the importance of recognizing and respecting those who have devoted themselves to the work of the gospel. Historically, the early church was a community that relied heavily on the leadership of those who were called and equipped by God to guide and nurture the believers. This acknowledgment fosters unity and cooperation within the church.

and to every fellow worker
The term "fellow worker" comes from the Greek "synergos," which means a companion in labor. This highlights the collaborative nature of ministry in the early church. Paul often referred to his companions in ministry as fellow workers, indicating a partnership in the gospel. This phrase underscores the idea that the work of the church is a collective effort, requiring the contributions and cooperation of all members, each bringing their unique gifts and talents to the mission.

and laborer
The word "laborer" is translated from the Greek "kopos," which implies toil, effort, and hard work. This term conveys the idea of diligent and strenuous effort in the service of the Lord. In the historical context of the early church, laborers were those who worked tirelessly to spread the gospel, often facing persecution and hardship. This phrase serves as a reminder of the dedication and perseverance required in ministry, encouraging believers to honor and support those who labor for the kingdom of God.

I am glad
The Greek word used here is "χαίρω" (chairō), which conveys a sense of joy and rejoicing. In the context of Paul's letter, this expression of gladness is not merely a personal sentiment but reflects the communal joy that comes from fellowship and the support of fellow believers. Paul's joy is rooted in the unity and love within the body of Christ, emphasizing the importance of community in the early church.

Stephanas, Fortunatus, and Achaicus
These names represent individuals who were likely leaders or prominent members of the Corinthian church. Stephanas is mentioned earlier in 1 Corinthians 16:15 as the first convert in Achaia and a devoted servant of the saints. The presence of these men highlights the interconnectedness of the early Christian communities and the role of individuals in strengthening the church. Their mention by name signifies their importance and the personal nature of Paul's relationship with the Corinthian church.

have arrived
The arrival of these men is significant as it indicates a physical presence that brings encouragement and support. In the ancient world, travel was arduous, and the arrival of fellow believers would have been a cause for celebration and a tangible reminder of the broader Christian community. This phrase underscores the importance of personal interaction and the sharing of burdens within the church.

because they have supplied
The Greek word "ἀναπληρόω" (anaplēroō) means to fill up or complete. This suggests that Stephanas, Fortunatus, and Achaicus brought something essential that was missing. It reflects the idea that the body of Christ is made up of many parts, each contributing to the whole. Their actions exemplify the Christian duty to support and edify one another, fulfilling what is lacking in others.

what was lacking from you
This phrase indicates that there was a deficiency or need within the Corinthian church that these men addressed. It is not a rebuke but rather an acknowledgment of the limitations that any community might face. The early church often dealt with challenges such as persecution, poverty, and doctrinal disputes. The arrival of these men and their provision of what was lacking serves as a reminder of the importance of mutual support and the sharing of resources and encouragement among believers.

For they refreshed
The Greek word for "refreshed" is "ἀνέπαυσαν" (anepausan), which conveys the idea of rest, relief, or rejuvenation. In the context of the early Christian community, this refreshing is not merely physical but deeply spiritual. The presence and fellowship of fellow believers like Stephanas, Fortunatus, and Achaicus brought a sense of renewal and encouragement to Paul. This highlights the importance of Christian fellowship and the mutual edification that occurs when believers come together, supporting and uplifting one another in their faith journey.

my spirit and yours as well
The phrase "my spirit and yours as well" emphasizes the communal aspect of the Christian faith. The Greek word for "spirit" is "πνεῦμα" (pneuma), which can refer to the Holy Spirit, the human spirit, or the inner life of a person. Here, it signifies the inner encouragement and strengthening that both Paul and the Corinthian believers experienced. This mutual refreshment underscores the interconnectedness of the body of Christ, where the spiritual well-being of one member affects the whole community. It serves as a reminder of the power of shared faith and the impact of godly relationships.

Show your appreciation, therefore
The call to "show your appreciation" is a directive to the Corinthian church to recognize and honor those who serve faithfully. The Greek word "ἐπιγινώσκετε" (epiginōskete) implies a deep, personal recognition and acknowledgment. In a historical context, this reflects the early church's practice of honoring those who contributed significantly to the ministry and well-being of the community. It is a call to gratitude, encouraging believers to express thankfulness and respect for those who labor in the Lord's work, fostering a culture of honor and encouragement within the church.

to such men
The phrase "to such men" refers specifically to individuals like Stephanas, Fortunatus, and Achaicus, who were mentioned earlier in the chapter. These men were examples of dedication and service within the church. Historically, the early church relied heavily on the commitment and sacrifice of its members to spread the Gospel and support one another. This phrase serves as a reminder to recognize and appreciate those who lead by example, demonstrating Christ-like service and love. It encourages believers to value and support those who are devoted to the work of the ministry, ensuring that their contributions are acknowledged and celebrated.

The churches in the province of Asia
This phrase refers to the early Christian communities located in the Roman province of Asia, which is part of modern-day Turkey. The Greek word for "churches" is "ekklesiai," meaning assemblies or gatherings of believers. These churches were significant in the spread of Christianity, as Asia Minor was a hub of early Christian activity. Historically, this region included cities like Ephesus, where Paul spent considerable time preaching and teaching. The mention of these churches highlights the interconnectedness of the early Christian communities and their shared mission.

send you greetings
The act of sending greetings was a common practice in ancient letters, signifying fellowship and unity among believers. The Greek word "aspazomai" is used here, which means to embrace or salute. This conveys a sense of warmth and affection, emphasizing the bond between the Corinthians and the Asian churches. It reflects the early church's emphasis on community and mutual support, transcending geographical boundaries.

Aquila and Priscilla
Aquila and Priscilla were a Jewish Christian couple who played a crucial role in the early church. They are mentioned several times in the New Testament as co-workers with Paul. Their names are of Latin origin, indicating their Roman citizenship. Historically, they were tentmakers by trade, like Paul, and were expelled from Rome by Emperor Claudius. Their presence in Corinth and later in Ephesus shows their dedication to the ministry and their role as leaders in the early church.

greet you warmly in the Lord
The phrase "greet you warmly" uses the Greek word "aspazomai" again, but with the added emphasis of "warmly," indicating a deep, heartfelt connection. "In the Lord" signifies that their greeting is rooted in their shared faith in Christ. This phrase underscores the spiritual kinship that binds believers together, transcending personal acquaintance and rooted in their common identity in Christ.

along with the church that meets at their house
The early Christian practice of meeting in homes is highlighted here. The Greek word "oikos" means house or household, indicating that the early church often gathered in private homes for worship and fellowship. This practice was both practical and symbolic, as it fostered intimate community and allowed for the spread of the Gospel in a personal setting. Aquila and Priscilla's home served as a center for Christian worship, reflecting their commitment to hospitality and leadership within the church.

All the brothers here send you greetings
All the brothers here
This phrase indicates the unity and fellowship among the believers in the early church. The term "brothers" (Greek: ἀδελφοί, adelphoi) is often used in the New Testament to refer to fellow Christians, emphasizing the familial bond that believers share in Christ. This reflects the early Christian understanding of the church as a family, transcending biological ties and societal divisions. The use of "all" suggests a collective and unanimous expression of love and solidarity, highlighting the importance of community in the Christian faith.

send you greetings
The act of sending greetings (Greek: ἀσπάζονται, aspazontai) was a common practice in ancient letters, serving as a way to express goodwill and maintain relationships across distances. In the context of the early church, such greetings were more than mere formalities; they were expressions of spiritual kinship and mutual support. This practice underscores the interconnectedness of the early Christian communities, despite geographical separations. It also reflects the apostolic concern for maintaining unity and encouraging one another in the faith, as seen throughout Paul's epistles.

Greet one another with a holy kiss
Greet one another
The instruction to "greet" (Greek: ἀσπάσασθε, aspasasthe) one another is a call to active engagement and acknowledgment of fellow believers. In the early church, greetings were not just social niceties but were imbued with theological significance, representing acceptance, love, and peace within the body of Christ. This directive encourages believers to foster a welcoming and inclusive community, reflecting the love of Christ in their interactions.

with a holy kiss
The "holy kiss" (Greek: φίλημα ἅγιον, philema hagion) was a customary greeting among early Christians, symbolizing purity, love, and unity. In the cultural context of the time, a kiss was a common form of greeting, but by designating it as "holy," Paul elevates it to a sacred act, set apart for the expression of Christian fellowship. This practice served as a tangible reminder of the believers' shared faith and commitment to living out the holiness to which they were called. It also reinforced the breaking down of social barriers, as all members of the community, regardless of status, were to participate in this expression of mutual affection and respect.

This greeting
The phrase "This greeting" signifies a personal touch in the letter, emphasizing the importance of personal communication in the early church. In the context of ancient letter writing, it was common for a scribe to write the main body of the letter, while the author would add a personal note at the end. This practice underscores the authenticity and personal connection Paul sought to maintain with the Corinthian church. The Greek word for "greeting" (ἀσπασμός, aspasmos) conveys a sense of warmth and affection, reflecting Paul's pastoral care and love for the believers.

is in my own hand
The phrase "is in my own hand" highlights the personal involvement of Paul in the correspondence. In the Greco-Roman world, it was customary for letters to be dictated to a scribe, but the author would often add a final note in their own handwriting to authenticate the document. This practice is evident in several of Paul's letters (e.g., Galatians 6:11). The personal handwriting served as a mark of genuineness and authority, reassuring the recipients of the letter's authenticity. It also reflects Paul's deep commitment to the spiritual well-being of the Corinthian church, as he takes the time to personally address them.

—Paul
The simple mention of "Paul" at the end of the verse serves as a signature, affirming his identity and authority as an apostle of Jesus Christ. The name "Paul" (Παῦλος, Paulos) is of Latin origin, meaning "small" or "humble," which is fitting given Paul's own acknowledgment of his weaknesses and reliance on God's strength (2 Corinthians 12:9-10). Historically, Paul was a pivotal figure in the spread of Christianity, and his letters form a significant portion of the New Testament. His personal signature here not only authenticates the letter but also reinforces his role as a spiritual father to the Corinthian believers, guiding them with apostolic authority and pastoral concern.

If anyone
This phrase opens the verse with a universal scope, indicating that the message applies to all individuals without exception. The Greek word used here is "tis," which is an indefinite pronoun meaning "anyone" or "someone." This inclusivity underscores the seriousness of the statement, as it is not limited to a specific group but extends to every person who hears or reads the message.

does not love
The Greek word for "love" here is "phileō," which refers to a deep, affectionate love, often associated with friendship and personal attachment. This is distinct from "agapē," which is often used to describe God's unconditional love. The use of "phileō" suggests a personal, relational love for the Lord, emphasizing that our relationship with Christ should be intimate and heartfelt.

the Lord
In this context, "the Lord" refers to Jesus Christ. The Greek word "Kyrios" is used, which denotes authority and divinity. This title affirms the lordship and sovereignty of Jesus, recognizing Him as the one who is worthy of our love and devotion. Historically, the early Christians faced persecution for acknowledging Jesus as Lord, as it was a direct challenge to the Roman declaration of Caesar as lord.

let him be under a curse
The phrase "under a curse" translates the Greek word "anathema," which means to be accursed or devoted to destruction. In the early church, this term was used to denote someone who was excommunicated or cut off from the community of believers. The severity of this statement highlights the critical importance of loving the Lord, as failing to do so results in spiritual separation and judgment.

Come, O Lord!
This is a translation of the Aramaic phrase "Maranatha," which is a prayerful exclamation for the Lord's return. It reflects the early Christians' eager anticipation of Christ's second coming. The use of Aramaic, the language Jesus spoke, adds a layer of authenticity and urgency to the plea. This phrase serves as both a warning and a hope, reminding believers of the imminent return of Christ and the need to remain faithful and loving in their relationship with Him.

The grace
The term "grace" in Greek is "charis," which signifies favor, kindness, or goodwill. In the New Testament, "grace" is often associated with the unmerited favor of God towards humanity, a central theme in Pauline theology. This grace is not earned but is a gift from God, emphasizing the benevolent nature of the divine. Historically, the concept of grace was revolutionary in the Greco-Roman world, where favor was typically earned or reciprocated. In a Christian context, grace is foundational, underscoring the belief that salvation and blessings are given freely by God through faith in Jesus Christ.

of the Lord
The title "Lord" in Greek is "Kyrios," which denotes authority and divinity. In the early Christian community, calling Jesus "Lord" was a profound declaration of His divine status and sovereignty. This term was also used in the Septuagint (the Greek translation of the Old Testament) to translate the Hebrew name for God, Yahweh, thus equating Jesus with God Himself. Historically, this was a bold statement in a polytheistic society, affirming the monotheistic belief in Jesus as the one true God and ruler over all creation.

Jesus
The name "Jesus" is derived from the Hebrew "Yeshua," meaning "Yahweh is salvation." This name encapsulates the mission and identity of Jesus as the Savior of humanity. In the historical context of 1st-century Judea, the name was common, yet for Christians, it held unparalleled significance as it represented the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies concerning the Messiah. Jesus' life, death, and resurrection are central to Christian faith, and His name is invoked as a source of hope and redemption.

be with you
This phrase is a benediction, a common closing in Pauline letters, expressing a desire for the continual presence and influence of Jesus' grace in the lives of believers. The Greek word for "be" is "eimi," which implies existence or presence. This reflects the Christian belief in the omnipresence of Christ, who is with His followers at all times. Historically, such blessings were vital for early Christians who faced persecution and needed reassurance of divine support. This phrase serves as a reminder of the intimate relationship between Christ and His followers, offering comfort and strength in their daily walk of faith.

My love
The phrase "My love" in 1 Corinthians 16:24 is a deeply personal expression from the Apostle Paul to the Corinthian church. The Greek word for love here is "agape," which signifies a selfless, sacrificial, unconditional love. This is the same type of love that God shows to humanity, and it is the highest form of love in the Christian context. Paul's use of "my" personalizes this love, indicating his deep affection and commitment to the spiritual well-being of the Corinthians. Historically, this reflects the pastoral heart of Paul, who, despite the challenges and corrections he had to address in the Corinthian church, maintained a profound love for them. This love is not merely emotional but is rooted in a desire for their growth in Christ.

be with all of you
The phrase "be with all of you" is a benediction, a blessing of presence and unity. The Greek word for "with" is "meta," which implies accompaniment and association. Paul is expressing his desire that his love, which is a reflection of Christ's love, would be a constant presence among the believers. The phrase "all of you" emphasizes inclusivity, showing that Paul's love and the love of Christ are not limited to a select few but extend to the entire community. This is significant in the context of the Corinthian church, which was marked by divisions and conflicts. Paul's blessing is a call to unity, reminding them that they are all part of the body of Christ and should live in harmony and love.

in Christ Jesus
The phrase "in Christ Jesus" is central to Paul's theology and is a recurring theme throughout his epistles. The Greek preposition "en" (in) denotes a fixed position or state, indicating that the love Paul speaks of is rooted and grounded in the person and work of Jesus Christ. "Christ" is the Greek "Christos," meaning "Anointed One," and "Jesus" is the Greek form of the Hebrew "Yeshua," meaning "The Lord saves." This phrase encapsulates the believer's identity and position, highlighting that all spiritual blessings, including love, are found in a relationship with Christ. Historically, this reflects the early Christian understanding of being united with Christ in His death and resurrection, which is the foundation of Christian life and community. Paul's use of this phrase underscores that true love and unity can only be achieved through a shared faith in Jesus Christ.

Amen
The word "Amen" is a transliteration of the Hebrew word "āmēn," meaning "truly" or "so be it." It is a declaration of affirmation and agreement, often used to conclude prayers and benedictions. In the context of 1 Corinthians 16:24, "Amen" serves as a seal of authenticity and sincerity to Paul's expression of love and blessing. It is a powerful affirmation of the truths he has conveyed throughout the letter, and it invites the readers to join in this affirmation. The use of "Amen" also connects the New Testament writings to the Hebrew tradition, showing continuity in the faith and practice of God's people. It is a reminder that the words spoken are not just human sentiments but are grounded in divine truth and authority.