does not love
The Greek word for "love" here is "phileō," which refers to a deep, affectionate love, often associated with friendship and personal attachment. This is distinct from "agapē," which is often used to describe God's unconditional love. The use of "phileō" suggests a personal, relational love for the Lord, emphasizing that our relationship with Christ should be intimate and heartfelt.

the Lord
In this context, "the Lord" refers to Jesus Christ. The Greek word "Kyrios" is used, which denotes authority and divinity. This title affirms the lordship and sovereignty of Jesus, recognizing Him as the one who is worthy of our love and devotion. Historically, the early Christians faced persecution for acknowledging Jesus as Lord, as it was a direct challenge to the Roman declaration of Caesar as lord.

let him be under a curse
The phrase "under a curse" translates the Greek word "anathema," which means to be accursed or devoted to destruction. In the early church, this term was used to denote someone who was excommunicated or cut off from the community of believers. The severity of this statement highlights the critical importance of loving the Lord, as failing to do so results in spiritual separation and judgment.

Come, O Lord!
This is a translation of the Aramaic phrase "Maranatha," which is a prayerful exclamation for the Lord's return. It reflects the early Christians' eager anticipation of Christ's second coming. The use of Aramaic, the language Jesus spoke, adds a layer of authenticity and urgency to the plea. This phrase serves as both a warning and a hope, reminding believers of the imminent return of Christ and the need to remain faithful and loving in their relationship with Him.

Let him be Anathema Maran-atha.--Better Let him be Anathema. Maranatha. There is no connection between these two words. Anathema signifies "accursed." The absence of love to Christ is condemnation. The word Maranatha is a Syriac expression--"the Lord is at hand," or "the Lord is come;" probably the former. The uncertainty of the moment when the Lord may come is the most solemn thought with which to remind them of the importance of being one with Christ. Stanley gives the following interesting Note:--"The name Maronite is sometimes explained by a tradition that the Jews in their expectation of the Messiah were constantly saying, Maran (Lord). To which the Christians answered, Maranatha (The Lord is come), why do you expect Him? Hence the name, 'Maronite' is applied to the Jews, especially Spanish Jews and Moors who confessed Maran, but not Maranatha."

(1) the Jews used cherem, not only of the severer form of excommunication (shem atha), but even of the milder and by no means severe temporary form (nidui); and

(2) it cannot be more severe than "handing over to Satan" (1 Corinthians 5:5; 1 Timothy 1:20), which was merciful in its purpose. Maran-atha; two words, the Lord cometh; like the Jewish shem atha, "the Name cometh," or, "the Lord comes." It seems to be an appeal to the judgment of Christ, and may possibly have been an allusion to Malachi 4:6, the words with which the Old Testament ends (see Jude 1:14, 15).

Parallel Commentaries ...