I will bless
The Hebrew word for "bless" is "בָּרַךְ" (barak), which conveys a sense of adoration and reverence. In the context of Psalm 34:1, it signifies an intentional act of worship and praise directed towards God. This act of blessing is not merely a verbal expression but a heartfelt acknowledgment of God's sovereignty and goodness. Historically, blessing God was a common practice among the Israelites, reflecting their deep-seated gratitude and dependence on Him. The act of blessing God is a reminder of the covenant relationship between God and His people, where He is the source of all blessings.

the LORD
The term "LORD" in this verse is translated from the Hebrew "יהוה" (YHWH), the sacred and personal name of God revealed to Moses in Exodus 3:14. This name signifies God's eternal existence and His unchanging nature. In the historical context of Israel, invoking the name of the LORD was a declaration of faith in the one true God, distinguishing Him from the pagan deities of surrounding nations. The use of "LORD" emphasizes a personal relationship with God, who is both transcendent and immanent, involved in the lives of His people.

at all times
The phrase "at all times" underscores the continuous and unceasing nature of the psalmist's commitment to praise God. The Hebrew word "תָּמִיד" (tamid) suggests constancy and regularity. This reflects a life of worship that is not confined to specific moments or circumstances but is a perpetual state of being. Historically, this would resonate with the Israelites' practice of daily sacrifices and prayers, symbolizing an ongoing devotion to God. It challenges believers to maintain an attitude of praise regardless of life's situations, trusting in God's faithfulness.

His praise
"Praise" in Hebrew is "תְּהִלָּה" (tehillah), which refers to a song or hymn of adoration. This word is closely related to the title of the Book of Psalms, "Tehillim," indicating that the act of praising God is central to the life of faith. In the scriptural context, praise is both a personal and communal expression, often accompanied by music and singing. It is a response to God's character and deeds, celebrating His greatness and mercy. The emphasis on "His praise" highlights that the focus of worship is solely on God, not on human achievements or circumstances.

will always be
The phrase "will always be" conveys a sense of permanence and dedication. The Hebrew construction implies a future intention that is steadfast and unwavering. This reflects a commitment to a lifestyle of worship that transcends temporal challenges. In the historical context, this would be akin to the enduring faith of the patriarchs and prophets, who remained devoted to God despite trials. It serves as an encouragement for believers to cultivate a resilient faith that continually seeks to honor God.

on my lips
The expression "on my lips" indicates that praise is not only an internal attitude but also an external expression. The Hebrew word "שָׂפָה" (saphah) refers to the lips or speech, emphasizing the verbal proclamation of God's goodness. In the cultural context of ancient Israel, spoken words held significant power and were a primary means of communication and worship. This phrase encourages believers to vocalize their gratitude and adoration, making their faith visible and audible to others. It is a call to bear witness to God's greatness through the testimony of one's words.

My soul
The phrase "my soul" in Hebrew is "נַפְשִׁי" (nafshi), which refers to the innermost being or life force of a person. In the biblical context, the soul is often seen as the seat of emotions, desires, and spiritual experiences. This expression indicates a deep, personal involvement and commitment to the act of praise. It suggests that the psalmist's entire being is engaged in glorifying God, not just outward actions or words. The soul's engagement in worship reflects a sincere and profound relationship with the Creator, emphasizing the importance of worship that comes from the heart.

will boast
The Hebrew word used here is "תִּתְהַלֵּל" (tithallel), which means to boast, glory, or praise. In the context of the Psalms, boasting is not about self-aggrandizement but about exalting God and His attributes. This boasting is a declaration of God's greatness and a testimony of His works in the psalmist's life. It is an invitation to others to recognize and celebrate God's power and faithfulness. The act of boasting in the Lord is a form of worship that acknowledges His sovereignty and goodness, encouraging others to trust and rely on Him.

in the LORD
The term "LORD" in the BSB is a translation of the Hebrew "יהוה" (YHWH), the sacred and personal name of God revealed to Moses in the burning bush (Exodus 3:14). This name signifies God's eternal existence, faithfulness, and covenant relationship with His people. By boasting in the LORD, the psalmist is directing attention to God's character and His covenantal promises. It is a reminder of God's unchanging nature and His commitment to His people, encouraging believers to find their confidence and identity in Him.

let the oppressed
The phrase "the oppressed" refers to those who are afflicted, humble, or in distress. The Hebrew word "עֲנָוִים" (anavim) can also be translated as "the humble" or "the meek." In the biblical narrative, God often shows special concern for the oppressed, promising deliverance and justice. This phrase highlights God's compassion and care for those who are marginalized or suffering. It serves as an assurance that God is attentive to their plight and will act on their behalf, offering hope and encouragement to those in difficult circumstances.

hear and rejoice
The call for the oppressed to "hear and rejoice" is an invitation to experience the joy that comes from recognizing God's intervention and faithfulness. The Hebrew word for "rejoice" is "יִשְׂמָחוּ" (yismachu), which conveys a sense of gladness and celebration. This joy is not dependent on external circumstances but is rooted in the knowledge of God's presence and His promises. It is a reminder that true joy is found in a relationship with God, who is the source of hope and deliverance. The psalmist encourages the oppressed to listen to the testimony of God's goodness and to find joy in His salvation.

Magnify
The word "magnify" in this context is derived from the Hebrew word "gadal," which means to make great or to exalt. In the biblical sense, to magnify the Lord is to elevate His name and attributes above all else, recognizing His supreme power and majesty. This act of magnification is not about making God greater than He already is, for He is infinitely great, but rather about expanding our perception and understanding of His greatness. Historically, magnification of God was a communal activity, often expressed through song and worship, as seen in the Psalms. It is an invitation to focus on God's attributes, such as His holiness, love, and justice, and to proclaim them with reverence and awe.

the LORD
The term "the LORD" is a translation of the Hebrew name "Yahweh," which is the personal name of God revealed to Moses in the burning bush (Exodus 3:14). This name signifies God's eternal existence and His covenant relationship with His people. In the context of Psalm 34, invoking "the LORD" emphasizes a personal and intimate relationship with God, who is both transcendent and immanent. The use of "Yahweh" underscores the psalmist's reliance on God's faithfulness and His active presence in the lives of His followers. Historically, the name was considered so sacred that it was often replaced with "Adonai" in Jewish tradition during readings.

with me
The phrase "with me" indicates a call to communal worship and shared experience. The psalmist, traditionally believed to be David, invites others to join in the act of magnifying the Lord. This reflects the biblical principle that worship is not only a personal act but also a corporate one, where believers come together to celebrate and honor God. The communal aspect of worship is a recurring theme in the Psalms, highlighting the importance of unity and fellowship among God's people. Historically, gatherings for worship were central to the life of the Israelite community, fostering a sense of belonging and shared purpose.

let us exalt
The phrase "let us exalt" is an exhortation to lift up or raise high. The Hebrew root "rum" conveys the idea of elevating something to a place of honor and prominence. In the context of worship, to exalt the Lord is to acknowledge His supreme authority and to give Him the glory due His name. This collective call to exaltation emphasizes the active participation of the community in recognizing God's sovereignty. Scripturally, exalting God is a response to His mighty acts and His steadfast love, as seen throughout the narrative of Israel's history.

His name
The term "His name" refers to the character and reputation of God. In Hebrew culture, a name was more than just an identifier; it encapsulated the essence and attributes of a person. Thus, exalting God's name is synonymous with honoring His nature and deeds. The name of the Lord is a recurring theme in the Psalms, representing His power, holiness, and faithfulness. Historically, the name of God was invoked in blessings, prayers, and oaths, signifying trust and reliance on His divine nature. In the broader biblical narrative, God's name is a source of protection and salvation for His people.

I sought the LORD
The phrase "I sought the LORD" reflects a personal and intentional pursuit of God. The Hebrew root for "sought" is "דָּרַשׁ" (darash), which implies a diligent search or inquiry. This seeking is not passive but active, indicating a deep desire for communion with God. Historically, seeking the LORD was a common practice among the Israelites, often involving prayer, meditation, and worship. In the context of Psalm 34, David is expressing his earnest pursuit of God during a time of distress. This seeking is a model for believers, emphasizing the importance of turning to God in times of need and trusting in His presence and guidance.

and He answered me
The phrase "and He answered me" demonstrates the responsiveness of God to those who earnestly seek Him. The Hebrew word for "answered" is "עָנָה" (anah), which means to respond or reply. This assurance of God's answer is a recurring theme in the Psalms, highlighting His faithfulness and attentiveness to His people. In the historical context, David experienced God's deliverance and guidance, reinforcing the belief that God is not distant but actively involved in the lives of His followers. This serves as an encouragement to believers that God hears and responds to their prayers, providing comfort and direction.

and delivered me
The phrase "and delivered me" speaks to God's power to rescue and save. The Hebrew root "נָצַל" (natsal) means to snatch away, rescue, or save. This deliverance is both physical and spiritual, reflecting God's ability to protect and preserve His people. In the context of David's life, this deliverance was often from enemies or dangerous situations, showcasing God's sovereignty and might. For believers, this deliverance is a reminder of God's saving grace, not only in temporal circumstances but also in the ultimate deliverance from sin and death through Jesus Christ.

from all my fears
The phrase "from all my fears" addresses the comprehensive nature of God's deliverance. The Hebrew word for "fears" is "מְגוּרוֹת" (megurot), which encompasses both internal anxieties and external threats. David's testimony of being freed from all fears underscores the peace and security found in God's presence. Historically, fear was a common human experience, often linked to uncertainty and danger. In the biblical narrative, God's deliverance from fear is a testament to His role as a refuge and fortress for His people. For contemporary believers, this assurance offers hope and confidence, encouraging them to trust in God's protection and provision amidst life's challenges.

They looked to Him
This phrase invites us to consider the act of looking as one of faith and expectation. In the Hebrew, the word for "looked" is "nāḇaṭ," which implies a gaze that is not merely physical but deeply spiritual and attentive. This looking is an act of trust and reliance on God, suggesting a turning away from worldly distractions to focus on divine help. Historically, this reflects the Israelites' dependence on God during times of distress, as seen throughout their journey in the wilderness and their battles for the Promised Land.

and were radiant
The Hebrew word "nāhar" is used here, which can mean to shine or beam with joy. This radiance is not just a physical glow but a reflection of inner peace and joy that comes from being in God's presence. The transformation from fear or despair to radiance signifies the profound impact of divine encounter. Scripturally, this mirrors Moses' face shining after speaking with God on Mount Sinai (Exodus 34:29-35), symbolizing the transformative power of divine communion.

and their faces
The face in Hebrew culture often represents one's presence or identity. The word "pānîm" is used here, which can also mean "presence." This suggests that the transformation affects the very essence of a person. In biblical times, the face was a reflection of one's inner state, and a radiant face indicated favor and blessing from God.

were not ashamed
The Hebrew word "ḥārap" conveys a sense of disgrace or humiliation. In the context of this verse, it signifies the removal of shame and the restoration of dignity. This assurance of not being put to shame is a recurring theme in the Psalms, reflecting God's faithfulness to those who trust in Him. Historically, this would resonate with the Israelites who often faced ridicule from surrounding nations but found their honor restored through God's deliverance. In a broader scriptural context, this points to the ultimate redemption and vindication found in Christ, who bore our shame on the cross.

This poor man
The phrase "this poor man" refers to the psalmist himself, traditionally understood to be David. The Hebrew word for "poor" here is "ani," which conveys a sense of affliction, humility, and neediness. In the historical context, David often found himself in dire situations, such as when he fled from Saul. This phrase highlights the humility and vulnerability of the speaker, acknowledging his dependence on God. It serves as a reminder that God is attentive to those who are humble and recognize their need for Him.

cried out
The Hebrew word used here is "qara," which means to call out, proclaim, or cry for help. This word suggests an earnest and desperate plea, indicating that the speaker is in a situation beyond his control. In the broader scriptural context, crying out to God is a common theme, reflecting a deep trust in God's ability to hear and respond to the cries of His people. It is an act of faith, believing that God is both willing and able to intervene.

and the LORD heard him
The phrase emphasizes the responsiveness of God to the cries of His people. The Hebrew word for "heard" is "shama," which implies not just hearing but also understanding and responding. This reflects the personal and relational nature of God, who is attentive to the needs of His followers. In the historical context of the Old Testament, God's hearing often leads to action, demonstrating His faithfulness and compassion.

and saved him
The word "saved" comes from the Hebrew "yasha," which means to deliver, rescue, or bring to safety. This term is often used in the context of physical deliverance from danger, but it also carries spiritual connotations of salvation and redemption. The psalmist's experience of being saved is a testament to God's power and willingness to deliver those who trust in Him.

from all his troubles
The Hebrew word for "troubles" is "tsarah," which refers to distress, adversity, or affliction. This phrase underscores the comprehensive nature of God's deliverance. It is not limited to a single issue but encompasses all forms of distress that the psalmist faces. Historically, David faced numerous challenges, yet he testifies to God's ability to deliver him from every one of them. This serves as an encouragement to believers that no trouble is too great for God to handle.

The angel of the LORD
This phrase introduces a significant figure in the Old Testament, often seen as a divine messenger or a manifestation of God Himself. In Hebrew, "mal'ak YHWH" can mean both a created angelic being and a theophany, a visible manifestation of God. The "angel of the LORD" appears in various pivotal moments in Scripture, such as with Hagar in Genesis 16 and Moses in the burning bush in Exodus 3. This presence signifies divine intervention and protection, emphasizing God's active role in the lives of His people.

encamps
The Hebrew word "chanah" conveys the idea of setting up camp or dwelling. This term suggests not just a temporary visit but a sustained presence. In ancient times, encampment was a strategic military action, providing protection and readiness. The imagery here is of God’s angelic host surrounding and safeguarding His people, offering a sense of security and divine oversight.

around those who fear Him
The phrase "those who fear Him" refers to individuals who hold a deep reverence and respect for God. In Hebrew, "yare" implies awe and worship, not terror. This fear is foundational to wisdom and understanding, as seen in Proverbs 9:10. It denotes a relationship of trust and obedience, where the believer acknowledges God's sovereignty and holiness.

and delivers them
The Hebrew word "natsal" means to rescue or save. This deliverance is not just from physical danger but also from spiritual and moral peril. Throughout the Bible, God is portrayed as a deliverer, from the Exodus of Israel from Egypt to the salvation offered through Jesus Christ. This assurance of deliverance is a promise of God's faithfulness and power to save those who are His.

Taste and see
The phrase "Taste and see" invites a personal and experiential understanding of God's goodness. The Hebrew word for "taste" is "טָעַם" (ta'am), which implies more than just a superficial sampling; it suggests a deep, intimate experience. In the ancient Near Eastern context, tasting was often associated with discerning or understanding. This call to "taste" is an invitation to actively engage with God, to experience His presence and blessings firsthand. The word "see" in Hebrew is "רָאָה" (ra'ah), which means to perceive or understand. Together, these words encourage believers to move beyond intellectual knowledge to a heartfelt, experiential relationship with God.

that the LORD is good
The term "LORD" is translated from the Hebrew "יהוה" (YHWH), the sacred and personal name of God, often rendered as Yahweh. This name signifies God's eternal, self-existent nature and His covenant relationship with His people. The word "good" is "טוֹב" (tov) in Hebrew, which encompasses a broad range of meanings including pleasant, agreeable, and beneficial. Historically, the goodness of the LORD is a central theme in the Psalms, reflecting His faithful and loving nature. This phrase reassures believers of God's benevolent character, inviting them to trust in His unwavering goodness.

blessed is the man
The word "blessed" comes from the Hebrew "אַשְׁרֵי" (ashrei), which conveys a sense of happiness, contentment, and divine favor. It is often used in wisdom literature to describe the state of those who live in accordance with God's will. The term "man" here is "גֶּבֶר" (gever), which can refer to a person or individual, emphasizing that this blessing is available to anyone who seeks the LORD. This part of the verse highlights the joy and fulfillment found in a life aligned with God's purposes.

who takes refuge in Him
The phrase "takes refuge" is derived from the Hebrew "חָסָה" (chasah), meaning to seek shelter or protection. In the ancient world, seeking refuge often involved finding safety from physical threats, but in a spiritual sense, it implies trusting in God's protection and provision. The word "Him" refers back to the LORD, emphasizing the personal relationship between God and the believer. This phrase assures believers that true security and peace are found in relying on God's strength and faithfulness, rather than in worldly sources of security.

Fear the LORD
The phrase "Fear the LORD" in Psalm 34:9 calls believers to a reverent awe and respect for God. The Hebrew word for "fear" is "yare," which encompasses a sense of reverence, awe, and worshipful respect. This is not a fear that leads to terror but rather a profound respect for God's holiness and majesty. In the context of ancient Israel, fearing the LORD was foundational to wisdom and understanding (Proverbs 9:10). It implies a recognition of God's authority and a commitment to live in accordance with His will. Historically, this fear was a guiding principle for the Israelites, shaping their identity and relationship with God.

you His saints
The term "saints" refers to those who are set apart for God, His holy people. The Hebrew word "qadosh" signifies being consecrated or dedicated to God. In the Old Testament, this often referred to the Israelites, who were chosen to be a holy nation (Exodus 19:6). In the New Testament context, it extends to all believers in Christ, who are sanctified by faith. This designation as "saints" underscores the call to live a life that reflects God's holiness and righteousness. It is a reminder of the identity and responsibility of believers to embody God's character in the world.

for those who fear Him
This phrase reiterates the importance of fearing God, emphasizing that it is those who maintain this reverent awe who are addressed. The repetition serves to reinforce the centrality of this attitude in the life of a believer. It is a call to a lifestyle of worship and obedience, recognizing God's sovereignty and goodness. The historical context of Israel's covenant relationship with God highlights the blessings and protection that come from fearing Him. This fear is not merely an emotional response but a guiding principle that shapes one's actions and decisions.

lack nothing
The promise that those who fear the LORD "lack nothing" speaks to God's provision and care for His people. The Hebrew word "chaser" means to be without or to lack. This assurance is rooted in the covenant relationship between God and His people, where God promises to meet their needs. It reflects the biblical theme of God's faithfulness and sufficiency, as seen in passages like Psalm 23:1, "The LORD is my shepherd; I shall not want." This promise is not necessarily about material abundance but about the sufficiency of God's provision in every aspect of life. It encourages believers to trust in God's ability to provide for their needs, both physical and spiritual, as they live in reverence and obedience to Him.

The young lions
In the Hebrew text, the term for "young lions" is "כְּפִירִים" (kephirim). Young lions are often seen as symbols of strength, vitality, and independence. In the ancient Near Eastern context, lions were considered apex predators, representing power and self-sufficiency. However, this verse highlights that even the most powerful creatures can experience lack and need. This serves as a metaphor for human reliance on worldly strength and resources, which are ultimately insufficient without divine provision.

lack and go hungry
The Hebrew word for "lack" is "רָשׁוּ" (rashu), which conveys a sense of deficiency or need. "Go hungry" is derived from "רָעֵבוּ" (ra'evu), indicating a state of hunger or want. Together, these terms emphasize the insufficiency of relying solely on one's own strength or resources. Historically, this reflects the reality that even the strongest and most capable can face times of need, underscoring the transient nature of worldly power and wealth.

but those who seek the LORD
The phrase "seek the LORD" is translated from "דֹּרְשֵׁי יְהוָה" (doreshi Yahweh). To "seek" in this context implies a diligent pursuit or earnest desire to know and follow God. This is not a passive action but an active, intentional effort to align one's life with God's will. In the scriptural context, seeking the LORD involves prayer, worship, and obedience to His commandments. It reflects a heart posture of dependence and trust in God's provision and guidance.

lack no good thing
The Hebrew phrase "לֹא יַחְסְרוּ כָּל טוֹב" (lo yachsru kol tov) translates to "lack no good thing." The word "טוֹב" (tov) means "good," encompassing what is beneficial, pleasing, or desirable. This promise assures believers that God provides for those who earnestly seek Him, ensuring they have everything necessary for a fulfilling and abundant life. This does not imply a life free from challenges but rather a life where God's provision meets every need according to His perfect will.

Come, children
The verse begins with an invitation, "Come, children," which is a call to gather and listen. The Hebrew word for "children" is "בָּנִים" (banim), often used to denote not just young ones but also disciples or followers. This term reflects a relationship of care and guidance, suggesting that the speaker, traditionally understood to be David, is assuming a role of a teacher or mentor. In a broader biblical context, this invitation is reminiscent of wisdom literature, where wisdom is personified and calls out to the simple and the young to learn and gain understanding (Proverbs 1:8, 4:1).

listen to me
The phrase "listen to me" emphasizes the importance of heeding the instruction that follows. The Hebrew word "שָׁמַע" (shama) means to hear intelligently, often with the implication of obedience. This is not merely passive listening but an active engagement with the words being spoken. In the biblical tradition, listening is closely tied to obedience and faithfulness, as seen in the Shema (Deuteronomy 6:4), which calls Israel to hear and obey the Lord.

I will teach you
"I will teach you" indicates a promise of imparting wisdom or knowledge. The Hebrew root "לָמַד" (lamad) means to learn or to teach, and it is often used in the context of teaching the law or commandments of God. This reflects the biblical emphasis on the transmission of divine wisdom and instruction from one generation to the next, as seen in Deuteronomy 4:9-10, where the Israelites are commanded to teach their children the ways of the Lord.

the fear of the LORD
The phrase "the fear of the LORD" is central to biblical wisdom literature. The Hebrew word for "fear" is "יִרְאָה" (yirah), which encompasses reverence, awe, and respect. It is not a fear that paralyzes but one that inspires a life of obedience and worship. Proverbs 9:10 states, "The fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom," highlighting its foundational role in a believer's life. This fear is about recognizing God's holiness, sovereignty, and love, leading to a life that honors Him in all things.

Who is the man
This phrase invites introspection and self-examination. In the Hebrew text, the word for "man" is "אִישׁ" (ish), which can refer to a person of any gender, emphasizing the universal nature of the message. The question posed is rhetorical, encouraging the reader to consider their own life and desires. Historically, this reflects the wisdom literature's style, which often begins with a question to engage the audience in a deeper reflection on their spiritual journey.

who desires life
The Hebrew word for "desires" is "חָפֵץ" (chafetz), which implies a deep longing or delight. This is not merely about existing but about seeking a life that is fulfilling and meaningful. In the biblical context, "life" (חַיִּים, chayyim) often refers to more than just physical existence; it encompasses a life lived in alignment with God's will, full of purpose and divine blessing. This reflects the ancient Hebrew understanding that true life is found in relationship with God.

and loves many days
The phrase "loves many days" suggests an appreciation for longevity and the blessings that come with it. The Hebrew word for "loves" is "אָהֵב" (ahev), indicating a deep affection or commitment. In the biblical context, "many days" is often associated with the blessings of obedience and righteousness, as seen in the wisdom literature and the covenant promises of the Old Testament. This reflects the cultural value placed on a long life as a sign of God's favor.

that he may see good?
The desire "to see good" is a longing for a life filled with goodness, prosperity, and divine favor. The Hebrew word for "see" is "רָאָה" (ra'ah), which can mean to perceive or experience. "Good" (טוֹב, tov) in the biblical sense often refers to moral goodness, well-being, and the blessings that come from living in accordance with God's commandments. This phrase encapsulates the biblical promise that those who seek God and live righteously will experience His goodness in their lives. Historically, this reflects the covenantal relationship between God and His people, where obedience leads to blessing.

Keep your tongue from evil
This phrase begins with a direct exhortation, urging the reader to exercise control over their speech. The Hebrew word for "tongue" is "lashon," which often symbolizes one's speech or language. In the biblical context, the tongue is a powerful instrument that can be used for good or evil. The word "evil" in Hebrew is "ra," which encompasses not only moral wickedness but also harm and mischief. The call here is to refrain from speaking words that cause harm or spread wickedness. This aligns with the broader biblical teaching found in James 3:5-6, where the tongue is described as a small part of the body but capable of great destruction. Historically, the Israelites were a community bound by covenant, and maintaining purity in speech was essential for communal harmony and personal holiness.

and your lips from deceitful speech
The phrase "your lips" refers to the physical aspect of speech, emphasizing the personal responsibility each individual has over their words. The Hebrew word for "deceitful" is "mirmah," which implies treachery or falsehood. This is a call to integrity, urging believers to avoid duplicity and dishonesty in their communication. In the ancient Near Eastern context, oaths and spoken agreements were binding, and deceitful speech could lead to broken relationships and societal discord. The psalmist's instruction here is consistent with the wisdom literature, such as Proverbs 12:22, which states, "Lying lips are an abomination to the LORD, but those who act faithfully are his delight." This verse encourages believers to reflect God's truthfulness in their own lives, fostering trust and righteousness in their communities.

Turn away from evil
The phrase "Turn away from evil" calls for a deliberate and conscious decision to reject sin and wrongdoing. The Hebrew word for "turn away" is "סוּר" (sur), which implies a strong action of departing or removing oneself from a path. This is not a passive suggestion but an active command to distance oneself from anything that contradicts God's holiness. Historically, this reflects the covenantal relationship between God and Israel, where obedience and moral integrity were paramount. In a broader scriptural context, this aligns with the call to repentance found throughout the Bible, urging believers to forsake their old ways and embrace a life that honors God.

and do good
The phrase "and do good" complements the previous command by encouraging positive action. The Hebrew word for "good" is "טוֹב" (tov), which encompasses what is beneficial, pleasant, and morally right. This is not merely about avoiding evil but actively pursuing righteousness and kindness. In the historical context of ancient Israel, doing good was often associated with following God's commandments and living in a way that reflected His character. Scripturally, this echoes the teachings of Jesus, who emphasized love, mercy, and justice as central to the life of a believer.

seek peace
"Seek peace" is an invitation to pursue harmony and reconciliation. The Hebrew word for "peace" is "שָׁלוֹם" (shalom), which signifies completeness, welfare, and tranquility. It is more than the absence of conflict; it is the presence of God's order and blessing. In the historical context, peace was a sign of God's favor and a key aspect of the promised land's prosperity. Biblically, seeking peace is a recurring theme, urging believers to be peacemakers and to live in unity with others, reflecting the peace that Christ brings to the world.

and pursue it
The phrase "and pursue it" emphasizes the active and ongoing effort required to maintain peace. The Hebrew word "רָדַף" (radaf) means to chase or follow after with intensity. This suggests that peace is not something that happens by chance but requires intentional effort and perseverance. Historically, this reflects the challenges faced by Israel in maintaining peace with neighboring nations and within their own community. Scripturally, it aligns with the New Testament teachings that encourage believers to strive for peace with all people, recognizing it as a fruit of the Spirit and a testament to God's transformative work in their lives.

The eyes of the LORD
This phrase emphasizes the omnipresence and omniscience of God. In Hebrew, the word for "eyes" is "עֵינַיִם" (eynayim), which often symbolizes God's watchful care and attention. The LORD, or "Yahweh" in Hebrew, is the covenant name of God, highlighting His personal relationship with His people. This phrase reassures believers that God is not distant or indifferent; rather, He is actively observing and involved in the lives of His followers. Historically, this understanding would have provided immense comfort to the Israelites, who faced numerous challenges and adversities, knowing that their God was always watching over them.

are on the righteous
The term "righteous" in Hebrew is "צַדִּיקִים" (tzaddikim), referring to those who live in accordance with God's laws and commandments. In the biblical context, righteousness is not merely about moral behavior but is deeply connected to one's relationship with God. The righteous are those who seek to align their lives with God's will, trusting in His guidance and provision. This phrase assures believers that God is particularly attentive to those who strive to live righteously, offering them His protection and favor. It serves as an encouragement to pursue a life of holiness and integrity, knowing that such a life is pleasing to God.

and His ears are open
The imagery of God's "ears" being open suggests His readiness to listen and respond to the prayers and cries of His people. In Hebrew, the word for "ears" is "אָזְנַיִם" (oznayim), which conveys the idea of attentiveness and receptivity. This phrase underscores the personal nature of God's relationship with His followers, highlighting His willingness to engage with them in their times of need. It is a powerful reminder that God is not a distant deity but a loving Father who is always ready to hear the petitions of His children.

to their cry
The word "cry" in Hebrew is "שַׁוְעָתָם" (shav'atam), which often denotes a cry for help or deliverance. This phrase captures the essence of human vulnerability and dependence on God. Throughout the Bible, the cries of God's people are met with His compassion and intervention, as seen in the deliverance of the Israelites from Egypt and the numerous instances of divine rescue in the Psalms. This assurance that God hears and responds to the cries of the righteous is a source of hope and encouragement, affirming that no plea goes unnoticed by the Almighty. It invites believers to approach God with confidence, knowing that He is both willing and able to provide aid in times of distress.

But the face of the LORD
The phrase "the face of the LORD" is a powerful anthropomorphism, attributing human characteristics to God to convey His active presence and attention. In Hebrew, the word for "face" is "פָּנִים" (panim), which often signifies presence or favor. In the ancient Near Eastern context, the face of a deity was associated with divine favor or disfavor. Here, it implies God's direct involvement and awareness, emphasizing His omniscience and omnipresence. The face of the LORD is not just a passive observation but an active engagement with His creation, reflecting His holiness and justice.

is against
The phrase "is against" indicates opposition and judgment. In Hebrew, the word "against" is "בְּ" (be), which can mean "in opposition to" or "toward." This suggests a deliberate turning of God's attention in a manner that is not favorable. It is a sobering reminder of God's righteousness and His intolerance of sin. Theologically, this reflects the concept of divine retribution, where God actively opposes those who do evil, underscoring His role as a just judge.

those who do evil
"Those who do evil" refers to individuals who engage in actions contrary to God's will and commandments. The Hebrew word for "evil" is "רָע" (ra), which encompasses wickedness, harm, and moral corruption. In the biblical context, evil is not just a set of actions but a state of being that is in rebellion against God. This phrase serves as a warning that God's justice will prevail against those who persist in sin. It is a call to repentance and a reminder of the moral order established by God.

to erase all memory of them from the earth
The phrase "to erase all memory of them from the earth" speaks to the ultimate consequence of persistent evil: total obliteration. In Hebrew, "erase" is "מָחָה" (machah), which means to blot out or wipe away. This is a strong image of complete removal, suggesting that those who oppose God will not only face judgment but will also be forgotten. Historically, this reflects the ancient understanding of legacy and memory as crucial to one's existence. In a conservative Christian perspective, this serves as a stark reminder of the eternal consequences of sin and the importance of living a life aligned with God's will. It underscores the hope of redemption and the promise of eternal life for those who turn to God.

The righteous cry out
The phrase "The righteous cry out" emphasizes the active role of the faithful in seeking divine intervention. The Hebrew root for "cry out" is "צָעַק" (tsa'aq), which conveys a sense of urgency and desperation. This is not a passive hope but an earnest plea, reflecting the deep trust and dependence of the righteous on God. Historically, this cry is seen throughout the Old Testament, where figures like David, the psalmist himself, often cried out to God in times of distress. It underscores the relationship between God and His people, where the righteous are encouraged to bring their troubles before the Lord.

and the LORD hears
The assurance that "the LORD hears" is a profound comfort to believers. The Hebrew word for "hears" is "שָׁמַע" (shama), which implies not just hearing but also understanding and responding. This reflects God's omnipresence and His intimate involvement in the lives of His people. In the historical context of Israel, this assurance was vital, as it reinforced the covenant relationship between God and His chosen people. It is a reminder that God is not distant or indifferent but is actively listening and ready to respond to the cries of His faithful.

He delivers them
The phrase "He delivers them" speaks to God's power and willingness to rescue His people. The Hebrew root "נָצַל" (natsal) means to snatch away, rescue, or save. This deliverance is not just a future hope but a present reality for those who trust in God. Throughout biblical history, God has been portrayed as a deliverer, from the Exodus to the return from exile. This deliverance is both physical and spiritual, offering hope and salvation to the righteous in their times of need.

from all their troubles
The concluding phrase "from all their troubles" encompasses the totality of God's deliverance. The Hebrew word for "troubles" is "צָרָה" (tsarah), which can mean distress, affliction, or adversity. This indicates that there is no trouble too great for God to handle. Historically, the people of Israel faced numerous adversities, yet God's promise of deliverance remained steadfast. For the believer, this is a reassurance that no matter the magnitude or nature of their troubles, God is capable and willing to provide relief and peace. This comprehensive deliverance is a testament to God's sovereignty and His unwavering commitment to His people.

The LORD
The term "LORD" in this context is derived from the Hebrew word "YHWH," often vocalized as Yahweh. This is the personal name of God, emphasizing His eternal existence and covenantal faithfulness. In the Old Testament, this name is a reminder of God's unchanging nature and His intimate relationship with His people. The use of "LORD" here underscores the personal and attentive nature of God, who is not distant or detached but actively involved in the lives of His followers.

is near
The phrase "is near" comes from the Hebrew word "qarob," which means close in proximity or relationship. This word conveys the idea of God's immediate presence and accessibility. In the ancient Near Eastern context, gods were often perceived as distant and unapproachable, but the God of Israel is depicted as being intimately close to His people, especially in their times of distress. This nearness is not just physical but also relational, indicating God's readiness to support and comfort.

to the brokenhearted
"Brokenhearted" is translated from the Hebrew word "shabar," which means to break or shatter. This term paints a vivid picture of emotional and spiritual brokenness, akin to a heart that has been crushed by grief or despair. In biblical times, the heart was seen as the center of one's emotions and will. Thus, being brokenhearted signifies a deep, inner suffering. The promise that God is near to such individuals highlights His compassion and desire to heal and restore those who are deeply wounded.

He saves
The word "saves" is derived from the Hebrew "yasha," which means to deliver or rescue. This term is often used in the context of salvation, both physical and spiritual. In the biblical narrative, God is frequently portrayed as a deliverer who rescues His people from danger, oppression, and sin. This saving action is not just a one-time event but an ongoing process of redemption and restoration, reflecting God's power and mercy.

the contrite in spirit
"Contrite in spirit" comes from the Hebrew "dakka," meaning crushed or humbled. This phrase describes a state of humility and repentance, where an individual recognizes their own limitations and need for God's grace. In the biblical tradition, contrition is a prerequisite for receiving God's forgiveness and favor. It is a posture of the heart that acknowledges one's dependence on God and openness to His transformative work. The promise that God saves the contrite underscores His readiness to lift up those who humbly seek Him.

Many are the afflictions of the righteous
This phrase acknowledges the reality that even those who live in accordance with God's will—referred to as "the righteous"—are not exempt from suffering. The Hebrew word for "afflictions" is "ra'ot," which can also mean troubles or evils. This suggests a broad spectrum of challenges, from physical suffering to emotional and spiritual trials. Historically, the righteous have often faced persecution and hardship, as seen in the lives of biblical figures like Job, David, and the prophets. This phrase serves as a reminder that righteousness does not guarantee a life free from difficulty, but rather, it is often accompanied by trials.

but the LORD delivers him out of them all
The conjunction "but" introduces a contrast to the previous statement, offering hope and assurance. The Hebrew word for "delivers" is "natsal," which means to snatch away, rescue, or save. This implies an active intervention by God in the lives of the righteous. The use of "the LORD" (Yahweh) emphasizes the personal and covenantal nature of God's relationship with His people. Throughout Scripture, God is portrayed as a deliverer, from the Exodus of the Israelites to the salvation offered through Jesus Christ. This phrase reassures believers that no matter the extent or severity of their afflictions, God's deliverance is comprehensive and certain. It encourages trust in God's faithfulness and His ultimate sovereignty over all circumstances.

He protects all his bones
This phrase emphasizes God's providential care and protection over the righteous. The Hebrew word for "protects" is "שָׁמַר" (shamar), which means to guard, keep, or watch over. This conveys a sense of vigilant and active safeguarding by God. In the context of ancient Israel, bones were considered the essence of a person's physical being, representing strength and vitality. The imagery here is that God is intimately involved in preserving the very structure of the righteous, ensuring their well-being and stability. This protection is not passive but an active, divine intervention in the lives of believers.

not one of them will be broken
The phrase "not one of them will be broken" is a powerful declaration of God's complete and perfect protection. The Hebrew word for "broken" is "שָׁבַר" (shabar), which means to break, crush, or shatter. This assurance is not merely about physical safety but also symbolizes spiritual and emotional wholeness. In the historical context, this verse prophetically points to the crucifixion of Jesus Christ, as referenced in John 19:36, where it is noted that none of His bones were broken, fulfilling this scripture. This connection underscores the messianic significance of the verse, highlighting the fulfillment of God's promises through Christ. For believers, it serves as a reminder of God's faithfulness and the ultimate protection found in Him, assuring them that no matter the trials they face, their spiritual integrity remains intact under God's watchful care.

Evil will slay the wicked
The word "evil" in Hebrew is "רָעָה" (ra'ah), which can denote calamity, disaster, or moral evil. In this context, it suggests that the inherent nature of wickedness carries within it the seeds of its own destruction. The phrase implies a divine justice system where evil acts are self-destructive. Historically, this reflects the biblical principle of reaping what one sows, as seen in Proverbs 11:5, "The righteousness of the blameless directs their path, but the wicked fall by their own wickedness." Theologically, it underscores the belief that God’s moral order is such that evil cannot ultimately prevail.

the wicked
The Hebrew word for "wicked" is "רָשָׁע" (rasha), referring to those who are guilty of sin and rebellion against God. In the biblical narrative, the wicked are often portrayed as those who reject God's commandments and live in opposition to His will. This term is not just about actions but also about a state of being that is contrary to God's holiness. The wicked, therefore, are those who have chosen a path away from God, and their end is destruction, as seen in Psalm 1:6, "For the LORD guards the path of the righteous, but the way of the wicked will perish."

and the haters of the righteous
The phrase "haters of the righteous" highlights a specific group of people who not only live in wickedness but actively oppose those who live according to God's standards. The Hebrew word for "haters" is "שָׂנֵא" (sane), which implies an intense aversion or hostility. This enmity is often seen throughout scripture, where the righteous face persecution from those who despise their godly living. Jesus Himself warned of this in John 15:18, "If the world hates you, understand that it hated Me first." This phrase serves as a reminder of the spiritual battle between good and evil.

will be condemned
The term "condemned" in Hebrew is "אשם" (asham), which means to be held guilty or to bear punishment. This reflects the ultimate judgment that awaits those who oppose God and His people. In a biblical context, condemnation is not merely a temporal punishment but an eternal separation from God. This aligns with the New Testament teaching in Romans 6:23, "For the wages of sin is death, but the gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord." The phrase assures believers that God will vindicate the righteous and that justice will prevail.

The LORD
The term "LORD" in this context is derived from the Hebrew "Yahweh," the covenant name of God, emphasizing His eternal, self-existent nature. This name is deeply rooted in the history of Israel, signifying God's unchanging faithfulness and His personal relationship with His people. In the conservative Christian perspective, this highlights the personal and covenantal nature of God, who is actively involved in the lives of His followers.

redeems
The Hebrew word for "redeems" is "ga'al," which means to buy back or to rescue. This term is often used in the context of a kinsman-redeemer, a concept found in the book of Ruth, where Boaz redeems Ruth. In a broader theological sense, it points to the ultimate redemption through Jesus Christ, who, as the kinsman-redeemer for humanity, paid the price for sin. This redemption is not just a past event but an ongoing reality for believers.

His servants
"His servants" refers to those who are in a covenant relationship with God, characterized by obedience and worship. In the Hebrew context, a servant of the LORD is someone who dedicates their life to His service, much like the prophets and faithful leaders of Israel. For Christians, this term extends to all believers who serve God through their faith in Jesus Christ, emphasizing a life of devotion and submission to God's will.

and none
The phrase "and none" underscores the absolute assurance and inclusivity of God's promise. It reflects the certainty that God's protection and redemption are available to all who seek Him. This assurance is a cornerstone of Christian faith, providing believers with confidence in God's unfailing promises.

who take refuge
"Who take refuge" comes from the Hebrew "chasah," meaning to seek shelter or protection. This imagery is often used in the Psalms to describe a trusting relationship with God, where believers find safety and security in His presence. It evokes the picture of a strong fortress or a protective shield, symbolizing God's role as a protector and sustainer.

in Him
"In Him" signifies a personal and intimate relationship with God. It is not merely about seeking protection but about dwelling in God's presence and relying on His strength. This phrase emphasizes the importance of faith and trust in God, which is central to the Christian life.

will be condemned
The phrase "will be condemned" is translated from the Hebrew "asham," meaning to be found guilty or to bear blame. In the context of this verse, it assures believers that those who trust in God will not face ultimate judgment or separation from Him. This promise is fulfilled in the New Testament through the work of Jesus Christ, who bore the condemnation for sin, ensuring that believers are justified and free from guilt.