Asshur (133 Occurrences)

Asshur

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Bible Concordance

Genesis 2:14 And the name of the third river is Hiddekel: that is it which flows forward toward Asshur. And the fourth river, that is Euphrates.
(DBY JPS YLT NIV)

Genesis 10:11 Out of that land went forth Asshur, and builded Nineveh, and the city Rehoboth, and Calah,
(KJV JPS DBY YLT)

Genesis 10:22 The sons of Shem: Elam, Asshur, Arpachshad, Lud, and Aram.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY YLT NAS RSV NIV)

Genesis 25:18 And they dwelt from Havilah unto Shur that is before Egypt, as thou goest toward Assyria. He abode over against all his brethren.
(See JPS YLT NIV)

Numbers 24:22 Nevertheless Kain shall be wasted, until Asshur carries you away captive."
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY YLT NAS RSV NIV)

Numbers 24:24 But ships shall come from the coast of Kittim. They shall afflict Asshur, and shall afflict Eber. He also shall come to destruction."
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY YLT NAS RSV NIV)

2 Kings 15:19 Pul king of Asshur hath come against the land, and Menahem giveth to Pul a thousand talents of silver, for his hand being with him to strengthen the kingdom in his hand.
(YLT)

2 Kings 15:20 And Menahem bringeth out the silver 'from' Israel, 'from' all the mighty men of wealth, to give to the king of Asshur, fifty shekels of silver for each one, and the king of Asshur turneth back and hath not stayed there in the land.
(YLT)

2 Kings 15:29 In the days of Pekah king of Israel hath Tiglath-Pileser king of Asshur come, and taketh Ijon, and Abel-Beth-Maachah, and Janoah, and Kedesh, and Hazor, and Gilead, and Galilee, all the land of Naphtali, and removeth them to Asshur.
(YLT)

2 Kings 16:7 And Ahaz sendeth messengers unto Tiglath-Pileser king of Asshur, saying, 'Thy servant and thy son 'am' I; come up and save me out of the hand of the king of Aram, and out of the hand of the king of Israel, who are rising up against me.'
(YLT)

2 Kings 16:8 And Ahaz taketh the silver and the gold that is found in the house of Jehovah, and in the treasures of the house of the king, and sendeth to the king of Asshur -- a bribe.
(YLT)

2 Kings 16:9 And hearken unto him doth the king of Asshur, and the king of Asshur goeth up unto Damascus, and seizeth it, and removeth 'the people of' it to Kir, and Rezin he hath put to death.
(YLT)

2 Kings 16:10 And king Ahaz goeth to meet Tiglath-Pileser king of Asshur 'at' Damascus, and seeth the altar that 'is' in Damascus, and king Ahaz sendeth unto Urijah the priest the likeness of the altar, and its pattern, according to all its work,
(YLT)

2 Kings 16:18 And the covered place for the sabbath that they built in the house, and the entrance of the king without, he turned 'from' the house of Jehovah, because of the king of Asshur.
(YLT)

2 Kings 17:3 against him came up Shalmaneser king of Asshur, and Hoshea is to him a servant, and doth render to him a present.
(YLT)

2 Kings 17:5 And the king of Asshur goeth up into all the land, and he goeth up to Samaria, and layeth siege against it three years;
(YLT)

2 Kings 17:6 in the ninth year of Hoshea hath the king of Asshur captured Samaria, and removeth Israel to Asshur, and causeth them to dwell in Halah, and in Habor, 'by' the river Gozan, and 'in' the cities of the Medes.
(YLT)

2 Kings 17:23 till that Jehovah hath turned Israel aside from His presence, as He spake by the hand of all His servants the prophets, and Israel is removed from off its land to Asshur, unto this day.
(YLT)

2 Kings 17:24 And the king of Asshur bringeth in from Babylon and from Cutha, and from Ava, and from Hamath, and Sepharvaim, and causeth 'them' to dwell in the cities of Samaria instead of the sons of Israel, and they possess Samaria, and dwell in its cities;
(YLT)

2 Kings 17:26 And they speak to the king of Asshur, saying, 'The nations that thou hast removed, and dost place in the cities of Samaria, have not known the custom of the God of the land, and He sendeth among them the lions, and lo, they are destroying them, as they do not know the custom of the God of the land.'
(YLT)

2 Kings 17:27 And the king of Asshur commandeth, saying, 'Cause to go thither one of the priests whom ye removed thence, and they go and dwell there, and he doth teach them the custom of the God of the land.'
(YLT)

2 Kings 18:7 And Jehovah hath been with him, in every place where he goeth out he acteth wisely, and he rebelleth against the king of Asshur, and hath not served him;
(YLT)

2 Kings 18:9 And it cometh to pass, in the fourth year of king Hezekiah -- it 'is' the seventh year of Hoshea son of Elah king of Israel -- come up hath Shalmaneser king of Asshur against Samaria, and layeth siege to it,
(YLT)

2 Kings 18:11 and the king of Asshur removeth Israel to Asshur, and placed them in Halah, and in Habor 'by' the river Gozan, and 'in' cities of the Medes,
(YLT)

2 Kings 18:13 And in the fourteenth year of king Hezekiah hath Sennacherib king of Asshur come up against all the fenced cities of Judah, and seizeth them,
(YLT)

2 Kings 18:14 and Hezekiah king of Judah sendeth unto the king of Asshur to Lachish, saying, 'I have sinned, turn back from off me; that which thou puttest on me I bear;' and the king of Asshur layeth on Hezekiah king of Judah three hundred talents of silver, and thirty talents of gold,
(YLT)

2 Kings 18:16 at that time hath Hezekiah cut off the doors of the temple of Jehovah, and the pillars that Hezekiah king of Judah had overlaid, and giveth them to the king of Asshur.
(YLT)

2 Kings 18:17 And the king of Asshur sendeth Tartan, and the chief of the eunuchs, and the chief of the butlers, from Lachish, unto king Hezekiah, with a heavy force, to Jerusalem, and they go up and come in to Jerusalem, and they go up, and come in and stand by the conduit of the upper pool that 'is' in the highway of the fuller's field.
(YLT)

2 Kings 18:19 And the chief of the butlers saith unto them, 'Say, I pray you, unto Hezekiah, Thus said the great king, the king of Asshur, What 'is' this confidence in which thou hast confided?
(YLT)

2 Kings 18:23 And, now, give a pledge for thee, I pray thee, to my lord the king of Asshur, and I give to thee two thousand horses, if thou art able to give for thee riders on them.
(YLT)

2 Kings 18:28 And the chief of the butlers standeth and calleth with a great voice 'in' Jewish, and speaketh and saith, 'Hear ye a word of the great king, the king of Asshur:
(YLT)

2 Kings 18:30 and let not Hezekiah make you trust unto Jehovah, saying, Jehovah doth certainly deliver us, and this city is not given into the hand of the king of Asshur.
(YLT)

2 Kings 18:31 Do not hearken unto Hezekiah, for thus said the king of Asshur, Make with me a blessing, and come out unto me, and eat ye each of his vine, and each of his fig-tree, and drink ye each the waters of his own well,
(YLT)

2 Kings 18:33 Have the gods of the nations delivered at all each his land out of the hand of the king of Asshur?
(YLT)

2 Kings 19:4 It may be Jehovah thy God doth hear all the words of the chief of the butlers with which the king of Asshur his lord hath sent him to reproach the living God, and hath decided concerning the words that Jehovah thy God hath heard, and thou hast lifted up prayer for the remnant that is found.'
(YLT)

2 Kings 19:6 and Isaiah saith to them, 'Thus do ye say unto your lord: Thus said Jehovah, Be not afraid because of the words that thou hast heard, with which the servants of the king of Asshur have reviled Me.
(YLT)

2 Kings 19:8 And the chief of the butlers turneth back and findeth the king of Asshur fighting against Libnah, for he hath heard that he hath journeyed from Lachish.
(YLT)

2 Kings 19:11 Lo, thou hast heard that which the kings of Asshur have done to all the lands -- to devote them; and thou art delivered!
(YLT)

2 Kings 19:17 Truly, O Jehovah, kings of Asshur have laid waste the nations, and their land,
(YLT)

2 Kings 19:20 And Isaiah son of Amoz sendeth unto Hezekiah, saying, 'Thus said Jehovah, God of Israel, That which thou hast prayed unto Me concerning Sennacherib king of Asshur I have heard:
(YLT)

2 Kings 19:32 Therefore, thus said Jehovah, Concerning the king of Asshur: He doth not come in unto this city, Nor doth he shoot there an arrow, Nor doth he come before it with shield. Nor doth he pour out against it a mount.
(YLT)

2 Kings 19:36 And Sennacherib king of Asshur journeyeth, and goeth, and turneth back, and dwelleth in Nineveh;
(YLT)

2 Kings 20:6 and I have added to thy days fifteen years, and out of the hand of the king of Asshur I deliver thee and this city, and have covered over this city for Mine own sake, and for the sake of David My servant.'
(YLT)

2 Kings 23:29 In his days hath Pharaoh-Nechoh king of Egypt come up against the king of Asshur, by the river Phrat, and king Josiah goeth out to meet him, and he putteth him to death in Megiddo, when he seeth him.
(YLT)

1 Chronicles 1:17 The sons of Shem: Elam, and Asshur, and Arpachshad, and Lud, and Aram, and Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Meshech.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

1 Chronicles 2:24 And after the death of Hezron, Caleb had connection with Ephrath, his father Hezron's wife, and she gave birth to his son Asshur, the father of Tekoa.
(BBE YLT)

1 Chronicles 5:6 Beerah his son, whom Tilgath-Pilneser king of Asshur removed; he 'is' prince of the Reubenite.
(YLT)

1 Chronicles 5:26 and stir up doth the God of Israel the spirit of Pul king of Asshur, and the spirit of Tilgath-Pilneser king of Asshur, and he removeth them -- even the Reubenite, and the Gadite, and the half of the tribe of Manasseh -- and bringeth them in to Halah, and Habor, and Hara, and the river of Gozan unto this day.
(YLT)

2 Chronicles 28:16 At that time hath king Ahaz sent unto the king of Asshur to give help to him;
(YLT)

2 Chronicles 28:20 And Tilgath-Pilneser king of Asshur cometh in unto him, and doth distress him, and hath not strengthened him,
(YLT)

2 Chronicles 28:21 though Ahaz hath taken a portion 'out' of the house of Jehovah, and 'out' of the house of the king, and of the princes, and giveth to the king of Asshur, yet it is no help to him.
(YLT)

2 Chronicles 30:6 And the runners go with letters from the hand of the king and his heads, into all Israel and Judah, even according to the command of the king, saying, 'O sons of Israel, turn back unto Jehovah, God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, and He doth turn back unto the escaped part that is left of you from the hand of the kings of Asshur;
(YLT)

2 Chronicles 32:1 After these things and this truth, come hath Sennacherib king of Asshur, yea, he cometh in to Judah, and encampeth against the cities of the bulwarks, and saith to rend them unto himself.
(YLT)

2 Chronicles 32:4 and much people are gathered, and they stop all the fountains and the brook that is rushing into the midst of the land, saying, 'Why do the kings of Asshur come, and have found much water?'
(YLT)

2 Chronicles 32:7 Be strong and courageous, be not afraid, nor be cast down from the face of the king of Asshur, and from the face of all the multitude that 'is' with him, for with us 'are' more than with him.
(YLT)

2 Chronicles 32:9 After this hath Sennacherib king of Asshur sent his servants to Jerusalem -- and he 'is' by Lachish, and all his power with him -- against Hezekiah king of Judah, and against all Judah, who 'are' in Jerusalem, saying,
(YLT)

2 Chronicles 32:10 Thus said Sennacherib king of Asshur, On what are ye trusting and abiding in the bulwark, in Jerusalem?
(YLT)

2 Chronicles 32:11 Is not Hezekiah persuading you, to give you up to die by famine, and by thirst, saying, Jehovah our God doth deliver us from the hand of the king of Asshur?
(YLT)

2 Chronicles 32:21 and Jehovah sendeth a messenger, and cutteth off every mighty one of valour -- both leader and head -- in the camp of the king of Asshur, and he turneth back with shame of face to his land, and entereth the house of his god, and those coming out of his bowels have caused him to fall there by the sword.
(YLT)

2 Chronicles 32:22 And Jehovah saveth Hezekiah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem from the hand of Sennacherib king of Asshur, and from the hand of all, and He leadeth them round about;
(YLT)

2 Chronicles 33:11 and Jehovah bringeth in against them the heads of the host that the king of Asshur hath, and they capture Manasseh among the thickets, and bind him with brazen fetters, and cause him to go to Babylon.
(YLT)

Ezra 4:2 and they draw nigh unto Zerubbabel, and unto heads of the fathers, and say to them, 'Let us build with you; for, like you, we seek to your God, and we are not sacrificing since the days of Esar-Haddon king of Asshur, who brought us up hither.'
(YLT)

Ezra 6:22 and they make the feast of unleavened things seven days with joy, for Jehovah made them to rejoice, and turned round the heart of the king of Asshur unto them, to strengthen their hands in the work of the house of God, the God of Israel.
(YLT)

Nehemiah 9:32 And now, O our God -- God, the great, the mighty, and the fearful, keeping the covenant and the kindness -- let not all the travail that hath found us be little before Thee, for our kings, for our heads, and for our priests, and for our prophets, and for our fathers, and for all Thy people, from the days of the kings of Asshur unto this day;
(YLT)

Psalms 83:8 Asshur also is joined with them: they are an arm to the sons of Lot. Selah.
(DBY YLT)

Isaiah 7:17 Jehovah bringeth on thee, and on thy people, And on the house of thy father, Days that have not come, Even from the day of the turning aside of Ephraim from Judah, By the king of Asshur.
(YLT)

Isaiah 7:18 And it hath come to pass, in that day, Jehovah doth hiss for a fly that 'is' in the extremity of the brooks of Egypt, And for a bee that 'is' in the land of Asshur.
(YLT)

Isaiah 7:20 In that day doth the Lord shave, By a razor that is hired beyond the river, By the king of Asshur, The head, and the hair of the feet, Yea, also the beard it consumeth.
(YLT)

Isaiah 8:4 for before the youth doth know to cry, My father, and My mother, one taketh away the wealth of Damascus and the spoil of Samaria, before the king of Asshur.'
(YLT)

Isaiah 8:7 Therefore, lo, the Lord is bringing up on them, The waters of the river, the mighty and the great, (The king of Asshur, and all his glory,) And it hath gone up over all its streams, And hath gone on over all its banks.
(YLT)

Isaiah 10:5 Ho Assyrian, the rod of mine anger, the staff in whose hand is mine indignation!
(See JPS YLT)

Isaiah 10:12 And it hath come to pass, When the Lord doth fulfil all His work In mount Zion and in Jerusalem, I see concerning the fruit of the greatness Of the heart of the king of Asshur. And concerning the glory of the height of his eyes.
(YLT)

Isaiah 10:24 Therefore thus saith the Lord, Jehovah of hosts, O my people that dwellest in Zion, be not afraid of the Assyrian, though he smite thee with the rod, and lift up his staff against thee, after the manner of Egypt.
(See JPS YLT)

Isaiah 11:11 And it hath come to pass, in that day, The Lord addeth a second time his power, To get the remnant of His people that is left, From Asshur, and from Egypt, And from Pathros, and from Cush, And from Elam, and from Shinar, And from Hamath, and from isles of the sea,
(YLT)

Isaiah 11:16 And there hath been a highway, For the remnant of His people that is left, from Asshur, As there was for Israel in the day of his coming up out of the land of Egypt!
(YLT)

Isaiah 14:25 that I will break the Assyrian in my land, and upon my mountains tread him under foot: then shall his yoke depart from off them, and his burden depart from off their shoulder.
(See JPS YLT)

Isaiah 19:23 In that day is a highway out of Egypt to Asshur, And come in have the Assyrians to Egypt, And the Egyptians into Asshur, And the Egyptians have served with the Assyrians.
(YLT)

Isaiah 19:24 In that day is Israel third, After Egypt, and after Asshur, A blessing in the heart of the earth.
(YLT)

Isaiah 19:25 In that Jehovah of Hosts did bless it, saying, 'Blessed 'is' My people -- Egypt, And the work of My hands -- Asshur, And Mine inheritance -- Israel!'
(YLT)

Isaiah 20:1 In the year of the coming in of Tartan to Ashdod, when Sargon king of Asshur sendeth him, and he fighteth against Ashdod, and captureth it,
(YLT)

Isaiah 20:6 and the inhabitant of this isle hath said in that day -- Lo, thus 'is' our trust, Whither we have fled for help, To be delivered from the king of Asshur, And how do we escape -- we?'
(YLT)

Isaiah 23:13 Behold, the land of the Chaldeans: this people was not; the Assyrian founded it for them that dwell in the wilderness; they set up their towers; they overthrew the palaces thereof; they made it a ruin.
(See JPS YLT)

Isaiah 27:13 And it hath come to pass, in that day, It is blown with a great trumpet, And come in have those perishing in the land of Asshur, And those cast out in the land of Egypt, And have bowed themselves to Jehovah, In the holy mount -- in Jerusalem!
(YLT)

Isaiah 30:31 For through the voice of Jehovah shall the Assyrian be dismayed; with his rod will he smite him.
(See JPS YLT)

Isaiah 31:8 And Asshur shall fall by the sword, not of a great man; and the sword, not of a mean man, shall devour him: and he shall flee from the sword, and his young men shall become tributary;
(DBY JPS YLT)

Isaiah 36:1 And it cometh to pass, in the fourteenth year of king Hezekiah, come up hath Sennacherib king of Asshur against all the fenced cities of Judah, and seizeth them.
(YLT)

Isaiah 36:2 And the king of Asshur sendeth Rabshakeh from Lachish to Jerusalem, unto the king Hezekiah, with a heavy force, and he standeth by the conduit of the upper pool, in the highway of the fuller's field,
(YLT)

Isaiah 36:4 And Rabshakeh saith unto them, 'Say ye, I pray you, unto Hezekiah, 'Thus said the great king, the king of Asshur, What 'is' this confidence in which thou hast confided?
(YLT)

Isaiah 36:8 And now, negotiate, I pray thee, with my lord the king of Asshur, and I give to thee two thousand horses, if thou art able to put for thee riders on them.
(YLT)

Isaiah 36:13 And Rabshakeh standeth and calleth with a great voice 'in' Jewish, and saith, 'Hear ye the words of the great king, the king of Asshur:
(YLT)

Isaiah 36:15 and let not Hezekiah make you trust unto Jehovah, saying, Jehovah doth certainly deliver us, this city is not given into the hand of the king of Asshur.
(YLT)

Isaiah 36:16 Do not hearken unto Hezekiah, for thus said the king of Asshur, Make ye with me a blessing, and come out unto me, and eat ye each of his vine, and each of his fig-tree, and drink ye each the waters of his own well,
(YLT)

Isaiah 36:18 lest Hezekiah doth persuade you, saying, Jehovah doth deliver us. 'Have the gods of the nations delivered each his land out of the hand of the king of Asshur?
(YLT)

Isaiah 37:4 It may be Jehovah thy God doth hear the words of Rabshakeh with which the king of Asshur his lord hath sent him to reproach the living God, and hath decided concerning the words that Jehovah thy God hath heard, and thou hast lifted up prayer for the remnant that is found.'
(YLT)

Isaiah 37:6 and Isaiah saith unto them, 'Thus do ye say unto your lord, Thus said Jehovah, Be not afraid because of the words that thou hast heard, with which the servants of the king of Asshur have reviled Me.
(YLT)

Isaiah 37:8 And Rabshakeh turneth back and findeth the king of Asshur fighting against Libnah, for he hath heard that he hath journeyed from Lachish.
(YLT)

Isaiah 37:11 Lo, thou hast heard that which the kings of Asshur have done to all the lands -- to devote them -- and thou art delivered!
(YLT)

Isaiah 37:18 Truly, O Jehovah, kings of Asshur have laid waste all the lands and their land,
(YLT)

Isaiah 37:21 And Isaiah son of Amoz sendeth unto Hezekiah, saying, 'Thus said Jehovah, God of Israel, That which thou hast prayed unto me concerning Sennacherib king of Asshur --
(YLT)

Isaiah 37:33 Therefore, thus said Jehovah, Concerning the king of Asshur: He doth not come in unto this city, Nor doth he shoot there an arrow, Nor doth he come before it 'with' shield, Nor doth he pour out against it a mount.
(YLT)

Thesaurus

Asshur (133 Occurrences)
... He probably gave his name to Assyria, which is the usual translation of the word,
although the form Asshur is sometimes retained (Numbers 24:22, 24; Ezek. ...
/a/asshur.htm - 46k

Removeth (27 Occurrences)
... 2 Kings 15:29 In the days of Pekah king of Israel hath Tiglath-Pileser king of Asshur
come, and taketh Ijon, and Abel-Beth-Maachah, and Janoah, and Kedesh, and ...
/r/removeth.htm - 14k

Butlers (13 Occurrences)
... 2 Kings 18:17 And the king of Asshur sendeth Tartan, and the chief of the eunuchs,
and the chief of the butlers, from Lachish, unto king Hezekiah, with a heavy ...
/b/butlers.htm - 10k

Chilmad (1 Occurrence)
... Easton's Bible Dictionary A place or country unknown which, along with Sheba and
Asshur, traded with Tyre (Ezek. 27:23). Int. Standard Bible Encyclopedia. ...
/c/chilmad.htm - 8k

Seizeth (5 Occurrences)
... 2 Kings 16:9 And hearken unto him doth the king of Asshur, and the king of Asshur
goeth up unto Damascus, and seizeth it, and removeth 'the people of' it to Kir ...
/s/seizeth.htm - 7k

Lusted (14 Occurrences)
... Ezekiel 23:7 And she bestowed her whoredoms upon them, all of them the choice of
the children of Asshur; and with all after whom she lusted, with all their ...
/l/lusted.htm - 10k

Treads (19 Occurrences)
... upon the high places of the earth. (See NIV). Micah 5:5 And this 'one' hath
been peace, Asshur! when he doth come into our land, And ...
/t/treads.htm - 12k

Traitor (4 Occurrences)
... 2 Kings 17:4 And the king of Asshur findeth in Hoshea a conspiracy, in that he hath
sent messengers unto So king of Egypt, and hath not caused a present to go ...
/t/traitor.htm - 8k

Assyrians (15 Occurrences)
... Isaiah 10:24 Therefore thus saith the Lord, the GOD of hosts: O My people that dwellest
in Zion, be not afraid of Asshur, though he smite thee with the rod ...
/a/assyrians.htm - 11k

Calah (2 Occurrences)
... also Chalak or Kalach; in Assyrian Kalhu, Kalha, Kalhi, Kalah): The name of one
of the great cities of Nimrod (Genesis 10:11), or rather, Asshur (text), which ...
/c/calah.htm - 14k

Smith's Bible Dictionary

Asshur

second son of Shem, (Genesis 10:22) also the Hebrew form for Assyria. [ASSYRIA, ASSHUR]

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Second son of Shem (Genesis 10:22; 1 Chronicles 1:17). He went from the land of Shinar and built Nineveh, etc. (Genesis 10:11, 12). He probably gave his name to Assyria, which is the usual translation of the word, although the form Asshur is sometimes retained (Numbers 24:22, 24; Ezek. 27:23, etc.). In Genesis 2:14 "Assyria" ought to be "Asshur," which was the original capital of Assyria, a city represented by the mounds of Kalah Sherghat, on the west bank of the Tigris. This city was founded by Bel-kap-kapu about B.C. 1700. At a later date the capital was shifted to Ninua, or Nineveh, now Koyunjik, on the eastern bank of the river. (see CALAH; NINEVEH.)

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

SHERGHAT, ASSHUR, ASSUR

shur'-gat, sher'-gat: The name of the first capital city of Assyria is known by the Arabs as Qala' at Sherghat, or the Fortress of Sherghat. Its ancient name was Asshur or Assur (Genesis 10:11 margin). From it was derived the name of the country, Assyria, and of the people, Assyrians. The date of the founding of the city is not known. Apparently about 2000 B.C. a colony of Babylonians migrated northward along the Tigris River and settled upon the right shore about halfway between the Upper and Lower Zab, or halfway between the modern cities of Mosul and Bagdad. Assur, the local deity of the place, became the national god of Assyria. It is uncertain whether the deity gave the name to the city, or the city to the deity, but probably an early shrine of Assur stood there, and the people, building their city about it, became known as the Assyrians. At first the city was a Bah dependency, governed by priests from Babylonia. In time, as the city acquired a political significance, the power of the priesthood declined; allegiance to Babylonia ceased, and the Assyrian empire came into existence. About 1200 B.C. the political power had so increased that a new capital, Nimrud (Calah) was built to the North near the junction of the Upper Zab with the Tigris. In 722 B.C. the capital was transferred by Sargon to his new city, Dur-Sharrukin, and in 705 B.C. Sennacherib enlarged Nineveh, and it remained the capital city till the fall of the empire in 606 B.C. Assur, however, as the seat of the national deity, never ceased to be the chief religious center.

The mounds of Assur are among the largest in Mesopotamia. They rise abruptly from the Tigris, which they follow for about half a mile, and extend a quarter of a mile inland. In the surrounding plain are other mounds, marking the sites of temples, and indicating that a part of the city was without the walls. At the northern end the mounds are surmounted by a high conical peak, which represents the tower or ziggurat of the temple of Assur.

Of the early excavators Layard and Rassam examined the ruins, but the fanaticism of the surrounding Arabs prevented extensive excavations. In 1904 Dr. W. Andrae, for the Deutsche Orientgesellschaft, began the systematic excavations which have been continued by Dr. P. Maresch for ten years. Discoveries of the greatest importance have been made. The city was found to have been surrounded on the land side by a double wall. The space between the walls, several rods in width, was occupied by houses, possibly the homes of the soldiers. The base of the outer wall was of stone; above it were mud bricks strengthened at intervals with courses of burned bricks. Along the outer upper edge was a parapet, protected by battlements. From the floor of the parapet small holes were bored vertically downward, so that the soldiers, without exposing themselves, might discharge their arrows at the enemy close to the base of the wall. Many of the holes are still visible. The wall was pierced with several gateways; the names "Gate of Assur," "Gate of the Tigris," "Gate of the Sun God" have survived. At the sides of the gateways were small chambers for the guards, and from them passageways led to the parapet above. The gates were reached by bridges which spanned the moat. Along the river side the city was protected by a high steep embankment, which was built partly of limestone, but chiefly of square bricks laid in bitumen.

The temple of Assur at the northern end of the city has been thoroughly excavated. With its outer and inner court and tower it conformed in its general plan to the older Babylonian temples. Several of the palaces of the early kings were discovered, but the best-preserved of the palaces was one which the excavators have called the residence of the mayor. It stood near the western edge of the city on the main street which ran from the western gate to the Tigris. It consisted of two courts surrounded by chambers. Grooves in the paved floor conducted fresh water to the kitchen, the baths and the chambers, and round tiles beneath the floor carried away the waste water to the arched city sewer and to the Tigris. To the rear of the mayor's house was a crowded residential quarter. The streets were very narrow and winding. The houses were exceedingly small; in some of them one could not lie at full length upon the floor. Among their ruins appeared little but stone mortars and broken pottery and other essential household implements.

Near the southern end of the city a most remarkable discovery was made. About a hundred monoliths, from 4 to 8 ft. high, were found still standing erect. On the side of each one, near the top, was an inscription of several lines, dedicating the stone to some individual who had been of great service to the state. They were not tombstones; apparently they had been erected during the lifetime of the people whom they honored. Of the greatest interest was one which bore the name of Sammuramat or Semiramis, the once supposed mythical queen of Nineveh. Its translation reads: "The column of Sa-am-mu-ra-mat, the palace wife of Samsi-Adad, king of the world, king of Assyria, the mother of Adad-Nirari, king of the world, king of Assyria, the.... of Shalmaneser, king of the four regions." The inscription not only makes Semiramis a historical character, but places her among the foremost rulers of Assyria.

The tombs of the kings and nobles were found deep in the ruins in the very center of the city. They were rectangular structures of cut stone, covered above with a rounded arch of burned bricks. In some cases the massive stone doors still turned in their sockets. The roofs of many of them had fallen in; others, which were intact, were filled with dust. From the tombs a vast amount of silver, gold and copper jewelry and stone beads and ornaments were recovered.

One of the chief temples of the city stood at short distance without the eastern wall. Nothing but its foundations remain. However, the temple was surrounded by a park, traces of which still exist. The soil of the surrounding plain is a hard clay, incapable of supporting vegetable life. Into the clay large holes, several feet in diameter, were dug and filled with loam. Long lines of the holes may still be traced, each marking the spot where a tree, probably the date palm, stood in the temple park.

A modern cemetery on the summit of the main mound is still used by the neighboring Arabs, and therefore it will likely prevent the complete excavation of this oldest of the capital cities of Assyria.

See further ASSYRIA.

E. J. Banks

ASSHUR; ASSUR

ash'-oor, as'-oor. See ASSYRIA.

Strong's Hebrew

804b. Ashshur -- the second son of Shem, also the people of Asshur ...
... 804a, 804b. Ashshur. 805 . the second son of Shem, also the people of Asshur,
also the land of Assyr. Transliteration: Ashshur Short Definition: Assyria. ...
/hebrew/804b.htm - 5k

805a. Ashuri -- descendant of Asshur, also a region of Isr.
... 805, 805a. Ashuri. 805b . descendant of Asshur, also a region of Isr. ... Word Origin
from Ashshur Definition desc. of Asshur, also a region of Isr. ...
/hebrew/805a.htm - 5k

805. Ashuwriy -- descendant of Asshur, also a region of Isr.
... 804b, 805. Ashuwriy. 805a . descendant of Asshur, also a region of Isr.
Transliteration: Ashuwriy Phonetic Spelling: (ash-oo-ree') Short Definition: Asshurim ...
/hebrew/805.htm - 5k

804. Ashshuwr -- step, going
... 803, 804. Ashshuwr. 804a . step, going. Transliteration: Ashshuwr Phonetic
Spelling: (ash-shoor') Short Definition: Asshur. Asshur, Assur, Assyria, Assyrians ...
/hebrew/804.htm - 5k

Library

a survey of the third and closing discourse of the prophet
... Ver.12. "A day it is when they shall come to thee from Asshur, and from the cities
of Egypt, and from Egypt to the river, and to sea from sea, and to mountain ...
/.../hengstenberg/christology of the old testament/chap vi vii.htm

Introduction
... In the prophecy of Balaam, the Antichrist is referred to under the name of "Asshur"
(Num.24:22), " in future chapters evidence will be given to prove that ...
//christianbookshelf.org/pink/the antichrist/introduction.htm

The Prophet Hosea.
... treaty.""To the last times of the kingdom of Israel we are likewise led by what
occurs in other passages concerning the relation of Israel to Egypt and Asshur ...
/.../hengstenberg/christology of the old testament/the prophet hosea.htm

Balaam
... Nevertheless, the Kenite shall be wasted, till Asshur shall carry thee away
captive.' 'Alas, who shall live when God doeth this!'. ...
/.../kingsley/the gospel of the pentateuch/sermon xiv balaam.htm

The Quotation in Matt. Ii. 6.
... When Asshur comes into our land, and when he treads in our palaces, we raise
against him seven shepherds, and eight princes of men. ...
/.../hengstenberg/christology of the old testament/the quotation in matt ii.htm

The Joyous Return
... Asshur shall not save us, we will not ride upon horses: neither will we say any
more to the work of our hands, Ye are our gods: for in thee the fatherless ...
/.../spurgeon/spurgeons sermons volume 37 1891/the joyous return.htm

Balaam's Prophecy. (Numb. xxiv. 17-19. )
... is found in Micah 5:4, 5, where the prophet characterizes the enemies of the kingdom
of God at the time of the Messiah by the name of Asshur, although it ...
/.../christology of the old testament/balaams prophecy numb xxiv 17-19.htm

Chapter x
... Now AV renders v.11: "Out of that land went forth Asshur and builded Nineveh." Though
this translation is grammatically possible, it fails to do justice to ...
//christianbookshelf.org/leupold/exposition of genesis volume 1/chapter x.htm

The Witness of Balaam to Israel
... Strong is thy dwelling place, And thy nest is set in the rock. Nevertheless Kain
shall be wasted, Until Asshur shall carry thee away captive. ...
/.../various/select masterpieces of biblical literature/ii the witness of balaam.htm

The Prophet Micah.
... As the representative of the world's power, at the time then present, Asshur appears
in v.4, 5. If destruction is to fall upon the kingdom of the ten tribes ...
/.../hengstenberg/christology of the old testament/the prophet micah.htm

Subtopics

Asshur

Asshur Assyria

Asshur: Son of Shem, and Ancestor of the Assyrians

Related Terms

Removeth (27 Occurrences)

Butlers (13 Occurrences)

Chilmad (1 Occurrence)

Seizeth (5 Occurrences)

Lusted (14 Occurrences)

Treads (19 Occurrences)

Traitor (4 Occurrences)