Simon Peter
The name "Simon" is derived from the Hebrew "Shim'on," meaning "he has heard." This reflects Peter's Jewish heritage and his role as one who listened to and followed Jesus. "Peter," from the Greek "Petros," means "rock," signifying the foundational role Peter plays in the early Church. Historically, Peter is recognized as a leading figure among the apostles, often seen as a bridge between Jewish and Gentile Christians.

a servant
The Greek word "doulos" is used here, meaning "bondservant" or "slave." This term indicates Peter's complete devotion and submission to Jesus Christ. In the cultural context of the Roman Empire, a servant was someone who had no rights of their own, emphasizing Peter's humility and dedication to serving Christ and His mission.

and apostle
The term "apostle" comes from the Greek "apostolos," meaning "one who is sent out." This highlights Peter's role as a messenger and leader in spreading the Gospel. Apostles were foundational to the establishment of the Church, and Peter's apostleship underscores his authority and responsibility in teaching and guiding early Christians.

of Jesus Christ
This phrase affirms the centrality of Jesus in Peter's identity and mission. "Jesus" is the Greek form of the Hebrew "Yeshua," meaning "The Lord is salvation," while "Christ" is the Greek "Christos," meaning "Anointed One," equivalent to the Hebrew "Messiah." This emphasizes Jesus' divine role and mission as the Savior.

To those who through the righteousness
The word "righteousness" in Greek is "dikaiosyne," which refers to the state of being right or just. It is through God's righteousness, not human effort, that believers are justified. This righteousness is a gift, highlighting the grace and mercy of God in the salvation process.

of our God and Savior Jesus Christ
This phrase is a profound declaration of the deity of Christ. The Greek construction here supports the interpretation that "God and Savior" both refer to Jesus Christ, affirming His divine nature and role as the Savior of humanity. This is a cornerstone of Christian doctrine, emphasizing the unity of God and Christ.

have received a faith
The Greek word "lanchano" is used for "have received," indicating something obtained by lot or divine allotment. This suggests that faith is not earned but is a gift from God. The term "faith" (Greek "pistis") refers to trust and belief in Jesus Christ, which is foundational to the Christian life.

as precious as ours
The word "precious" in Greek is "isotimos," meaning "of equal value or honor." This indicates that the faith of the recipients is of the same value as that of the apostles. It underscores the equality of all believers in the eyes of God, regardless of their background or status, and the shared inheritance of salvation.

Grace and peace
The opening of 2 Peter 1:2 with "Grace and peace" is a common salutation in the New Testament, reflecting a deep theological significance. The Greek word for "grace" is "charis," which conveys the idea of unmerited favor and divine assistance. In the context of Peter's letter, it emphasizes the foundational Christian belief that salvation and all spiritual blessings are gifts from God, not earned by human effort. "Peace," from the Greek "eirene," signifies not just the absence of conflict but a profound sense of well-being and wholeness that comes from reconciliation with God through Jesus Christ. Historically, this greeting would resonate with both Jewish and Gentile believers, as "peace" (shalom in Hebrew) was a central theme in Jewish thought, representing completeness and harmony.

be multiplied to you
The phrase "be multiplied to you" suggests an abundant increase, indicating that grace and peace are not static gifts but dynamic and ever-growing in the life of a believer. The Greek word "plethuno" means to increase or abound, implying that God's grace and peace are limitless and can expand in the believer's life. This multiplication is not merely quantitative but qualitative, enhancing the believer's spiritual experience and relationship with God. In the historical context of early Christianity, this assurance of increasing grace and peace would have been particularly comforting to believers facing persecution and trials.

through the knowledge of God
"Through the knowledge of God" highlights the means by which grace and peace are multiplied. The Greek term "epignosis" denotes a deep, personal, and experiential knowledge, as opposed to mere intellectual understanding. This knowledge is relational, involving an intimate acquaintance with God's character and will. In the scriptural context, it underscores the importance of growing in one's relationship with God, which is central to the Christian life. Historically, this emphasis on knowledge would counteract the false teachings and heresies that threatened the early church, reminding believers that true spiritual growth comes from knowing God personally.

and of Jesus our Lord
The inclusion of "and of Jesus our Lord" affirms the centrality of Jesus Christ in the believer's experience of grace and peace. The title "Lord" (Greek "Kyrios") signifies authority and divinity, acknowledging Jesus as sovereign and divine. This phrase reinforces the Christian doctrine of the Trinity, where knowing God is inseparable from knowing Jesus. In the historical context of Peter's audience, this declaration would affirm the deity of Christ against any teachings that sought to diminish His role or nature. It also serves as a reminder that the blessings of grace and peace are mediated through Christ, who is the ultimate revelation of God to humanity.

His divine power
The phrase "His divine power" refers to the omnipotent nature of God, emphasizing that it is through God's own strength and authority that believers receive what they need. The Greek word for "power" here is "dynamis," which conveys the idea of inherent strength and ability. This power is not human but divine, indicating that it originates from God Himself, who is the source of all spiritual life and godliness. Historically, this underscores the early Christian understanding of God as the ultimate source of all that is necessary for spiritual growth and maturity.

has given us everything
This phrase highlights the completeness and sufficiency of what God provides. The Greek word "dedōrētai" (has given) is in the perfect tense, indicating a completed action with ongoing effects. This suggests that God's provision is not only complete but also continually effective in the believer's life. The use of "everything" underscores the totality of God's provision, leaving nothing lacking for the believer's spiritual journey.

we need for life and godliness
"Life and godliness" encompass both the physical and spiritual aspects of a believer's existence. "Life" (Greek "zōē") refers to the abundant life that Jesus promised, which includes both eternal life and a fulfilled life on earth. "Godliness" (Greek "eusebeia") refers to a life of piety and reverence towards God. Together, these terms indicate that God's provision covers all aspects of a believer's life, enabling them to live in a way that honors God.

through the knowledge of Him
This phrase emphasizes the means by which believers access God's provision: through knowledge. The Greek word "epignōsis" implies a deep, personal, and experiential knowledge, not just intellectual understanding. This knowledge is relational, indicating an intimate relationship with God through Jesus Christ. Historically, this reflects the early Christian emphasis on knowing God personally, as opposed to merely knowing about Him.

who called us by His own glory and excellence
The calling of believers is rooted in God's own "glory" and "excellence." "Glory" (Greek "doxa") refers to the majesty and honor of God, while "excellence" (Greek "aretē") denotes moral virtue and goodness. This calling is not based on human merit but on God's own character and purpose. The historical context here is significant, as it reflects the early Christian understanding of salvation as a divine initiative, rooted in God's own nature and purpose, rather than human effort. This calling is both a privilege and a responsibility, inviting believers to reflect God's character in their own lives.

Through these
This phrase refers back to the previous verses where Peter speaks of God's divine power and glory. The Greek word "dia" (διά) indicates the means or channel through which something is accomplished. In this context, it emphasizes that it is through God's own glory and goodness that believers receive His promises. This highlights the divine initiative and grace, underscoring that it is not by human effort but by God's own action that these promises are given.

He has given us
The verb "has given" (Greek: "dedōrētai") is in the perfect tense, indicating a completed action with ongoing effects. This suggests that God's act of giving is both a past event and a present reality, emphasizing the permanence and enduring nature of His gifts. The use of "us" includes all believers, indicating the communal and inclusive nature of God's promises.

His precious and magnificent promises
The adjectives "precious" (Greek: "timia") and "magnificent" (Greek: "megista") convey the immense value and greatness of God's promises. These promises are not ordinary; they are of supreme worth and grandeur. Historically, God's promises have been central to the faith journey of His people, from the covenant with Abraham to the promise of the Messiah. These promises are foundational to the Christian faith, offering hope and assurance.

so that through them
This phrase indicates purpose or result. The promises are not given without reason; they have a divine purpose. The Greek "hina" (ἵνα) often introduces a purpose clause, showing that God's promises are intended to lead believers to a specific outcome. This underscores the intentionality of God's plan for His people.

you may become partakers of the divine nature
The term "partakers" (Greek: "koinōnoi") implies sharing or fellowship. It suggests an intimate participation in something. The "divine nature" refers to the qualities and characteristics of God. This does not mean believers become gods, but rather that they share in God's moral and spiritual attributes, such as holiness and love. This transformative process is central to Christian sanctification, where believers are progressively conformed to the image of Christ.

now that you have escaped the corruption in the world
The word "escaped" (Greek: "apophygontes") implies a decisive break or liberation from something. "Corruption" (Greek: "phthora") refers to moral decay and destruction, often associated with sin. This phrase highlights the believer's past condition and the radical change brought about by faith in Christ. Historically, the early Christians lived in a world rife with moral corruption, and this escape signifies a new way of life.

caused by evil desires
The Greek term for "evil desires" (Greek: "epithymia") often denotes strong cravings or lusts that are contrary to God's will. These desires are the root cause of the world's corruption. The Bible consistently warns against succumbing to such desires, urging believers to live by the Spirit and not by the flesh. This phrase serves as a reminder of the ongoing spiritual battle and the need for vigilance and reliance on God's promises to overcome.

For this very reason
This phrase serves as a bridge from the preceding verses, where Peter discusses the divine power and promises given to believers. The Greek phrase "διὰ τοῦτο" (dia touto) emphasizes the logical connection and necessity of action based on what has been previously stated. It underscores the importance of responding to God's gifts with intentional effort, highlighting the responsibility of believers to actively participate in their spiritual growth.

make every effort
The Greek word "σπουδὴν" (spoudēn) conveys a sense of diligence, eagerness, and earnestness. It implies that spiritual growth requires intentional and vigorous effort. This is not a passive process but an active pursuit, reflecting the believer's commitment to living out their faith. Historically, this reflects the early Christian understanding that faith is not static but dynamic, requiring continuous dedication.

to add to your faith
The word "add" comes from the Greek "ἐπιχορηγήσατε" (epichorēgēsate), which means to supply or furnish abundantly. It suggests that faith is the foundation upon which other virtues are built. The imagery is akin to a choreographer arranging a dance, indicating that each virtue is to be harmoniously integrated into the believer's life. This reflects the scriptural principle that faith is the starting point of a transformative journey.

virtue
The Greek term "ἀρετή" (aretē) refers to moral excellence or goodness. In the context of Greek philosophy, it was associated with the highest moral standards. For Christians, virtue is the manifestation of God's character in one's life. It is the practical outworking of faith, demonstrating integrity and righteousness. This aligns with the biblical call to reflect God's holiness in our conduct.

and to virtue, knowledge
The word "knowledge" is translated from the Greek "γνῶσιν" (gnōsin), which implies a deep, experiential understanding. This is not merely intellectual knowledge but a relational and practical comprehension of God's truth. In the historical context, knowledge was highly valued in both Jewish and Greco-Roman cultures. For Christians, it signifies growing in the understanding of God's will and ways, which is essential for living a life that pleases Him. This knowledge is rooted in Scripture and is cultivated through prayer, study, and obedience.

and to knowledge, self-control
The Greek word for "knowledge" here is "gnosis," which implies a deeper, more intimate understanding of God and His will. This is not merely intellectual knowledge but a relational and experiential understanding that transforms the believer's life. In the context of 2 Peter, this knowledge is foundational to spiritual growth and maturity. "Self-control" is translated from the Greek word "egkrateia," which means mastery over one's desires and impulses. In a historical context, self-control was highly valued in Greco-Roman culture, often associated with the virtues of a disciplined life. For Christians, self-control is a fruit of the Spirit (Galatians 5:23) and is essential for living a life that honors God. It involves the ability to resist temptation and to live in a way that reflects the character of Christ.

and to self-control, perseverance
The term "perseverance" comes from the Greek "hypomone," which denotes steadfastness, endurance, and patience. This is not a passive waiting but an active, courageous endurance in the face of trials and challenges. Historically, the early Christians faced persecution and hardship, making perseverance a vital quality for maintaining faith. Perseverance is the ability to remain faithful and committed to God's purposes, even when circumstances are difficult. It is a testament to the believer's trust in God's sovereignty and goodness, knowing that trials produce character and hope (Romans 5:3-4).

and to perseverance, godliness
"Godliness" is translated from the Greek word "eusebeia," which refers to a life of reverence and devotion to God. It encompasses both an inward attitude of worship and an outward expression of righteous living. In the scriptural context, godliness is the ultimate goal of the believer's spiritual journey, reflecting the character and nature of God in every aspect of life. Historically, godliness was a counter-cultural way of living that set Christians apart from the pagan practices of their time. It involves a holistic approach to faith, where one's beliefs are consistently lived out in actions, demonstrating love, justice, and mercy. Godliness is the culmination of the virtues listed in this passage, as it embodies the fullness of a life transformed by the knowledge and grace of Jesus Christ.

and to godliness
The Greek word for "godliness" is "eusebeia," which denotes a profound respect and reverence for God. In the context of 2 Peter, this term suggests a life that reflects the character and holiness of God. Historically, godliness was a central theme in early Christian communities, emphasizing the transformation of believers into the likeness of Christ. This transformation is not merely external but involves a deep, internal change that aligns one's actions and thoughts with God's will. The call to godliness is a reminder of the believer's ongoing sanctification process, where one's life becomes a testament to God's presence and power.

brotherly kindness
The term "brotherly kindness" is translated from the Greek word "philadelphia," which literally means "brotherly love." This concept was revolutionary in the Greco-Roman world, where social hierarchies often dictated relationships. In the Christian context, "philadelphia" transcends biological ties, urging believers to treat each other as family, with genuine care and concern. This reflects the early church's radical community life, where believers shared their possessions and supported one another. The emphasis on brotherly kindness underscores the importance of unity and mutual support within the body of Christ, fostering a community that mirrors the love of Christ.

and to brotherly kindness, love
The word "love" here is "agape" in Greek, which signifies the highest form of love—selfless, sacrificial, and unconditional. Unlike "philadelphia," which focuses on mutual affection among believers, "agape" extends beyond the community to encompass all humanity, reflecting God's love for the world. This love is the culmination of the virtues listed in 2 Peter 1, representing the ultimate goal of Christian maturity. Historically, "agape" was a defining characteristic of the early Christians, who were known for their love and care for the marginalized and persecuted. This call to love challenges believers to embody Christ's love in all interactions, serving as a beacon of hope and transformation in a broken world.

For if you possess these qualities
The phrase "these qualities" refers back to the virtues listed in the preceding verses (2 Peter 1:5-7), which include faith, goodness, knowledge, self-control, perseverance, godliness, brotherly kindness, and love. The Greek word for "possess" (ὑπάρχω, hyparchō) implies not just having these qualities but having them as an integral part of one's being. This suggests a deep, intrinsic ownership of these virtues, indicating that they are not superficial or temporary but are deeply rooted in the believer's character.

and continue to grow in them
The concept of growth is central to the Christian life. The Greek word for "grow" (πλεονάζω, pleonazō) means to increase or abound. This implies a continuous, dynamic process of spiritual development. The Christian life is not static; it is a journey of constant transformation and renewal. This growth is not self-generated but is empowered by the Holy Spirit, who works within believers to cultivate these virtues.

they will keep you from being ineffective
The word "ineffective" (ἀργός, argos) in Greek can also mean idle or lazy. It suggests a state of inactivity or lack of productivity. In the context of the Christian life, being ineffective means failing to live out one's faith in a way that impacts others and glorifies God. The possession and growth of these qualities ensure that a believer's life is active and fruitful, contributing to the advancement of God's kingdom.

and unproductive
The term "unproductive" (ἄκαρπος, akarpos) literally means without fruit. In the biblical context, fruitfulness is often associated with the visible evidence of a transformed life, such as good works and the fruits of the Spirit (Galatians 5:22-23). A productive Christian life is one that bears fruit in keeping with repentance and faith, demonstrating the reality of Christ's work within.

in your knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ
The word "knowledge" (ἐπίγνωσις, epignōsis) here refers to a deep, experiential understanding of Jesus Christ, not merely intellectual assent. This knowledge is relational and transformative, leading to a life that reflects the character and mission of Christ. The phrase "our Lord Jesus Christ" emphasizes the personal and communal relationship believers have with Jesus, acknowledging His lordship and centrality in their lives. This knowledge is the foundation upon which the virtues are built and grown, ensuring that the believer's life is aligned with the will and purpose of God.

But whoever lacks these traits
This phrase introduces a condition of spiritual deficiency. The "traits" refer to the virtues listed in the preceding verses, such as faith, goodness, knowledge, self-control, perseverance, godliness, brotherly kindness, and love. The Greek word for "lacks" (λεῖπον) implies a deficiency or shortcoming. In a historical context, this suggests a failure to cultivate the Christian virtues that are essential for spiritual growth and maturity. The absence of these traits indicates a stagnation in one's spiritual journey, which is contrary to the transformative power of the Gospel.

is nearsighted to the point of blindness
The imagery of "nearsightedness" (μυωπάζων) and "blindness" (τυφλός) is powerful, suggesting a spiritual myopia where one is unable to see beyond the immediate, earthly concerns to the eternal truths of God. In the ancient world, blindness was often seen as a severe limitation, and here it metaphorically represents a lack of spiritual insight and discernment. This condition is a warning against complacency and the danger of losing sight of the eternal perspective that faith in Christ provides.

having forgotten
The Greek word for "forgotten" (λήθην) implies a willful neglect or disregard. This forgetfulness is not merely a lapse in memory but a deeper spiritual amnesia where one fails to remember the foundational truths of their faith. In the scriptural context, remembering is often associated with covenant faithfulness, and forgetting is akin to turning away from God's promises and commands.

that he has been cleansed
The concept of being "cleansed" (καθαρισμός) is central to the Christian doctrine of salvation. It refers to the purification from sin through the atoning sacrifice of Jesus Christ. In the historical and scriptural context, cleansing is a powerful image of redemption and renewal, signifying the believer's new identity in Christ. This cleansing is not just a past event but an ongoing reality that should continually shape the believer's life and conduct.

from his past sins
The phrase "past sins" (τῶν πάλαι ἁμαρτιῶν) emphasizes the transformative work of salvation. In the Greek, "past" (πάλαι) indicates something that is long gone, highlighting the complete and total forgiveness that believers receive through Christ. This forgiveness is a cornerstone of Christian faith, offering freedom from the guilt and power of sin. The historical context underscores the radical nature of this forgiveness, which was a revolutionary concept in a world where religious systems often emphasized ongoing rituals and sacrifices for atonement.

Therefore
The word "therefore" serves as a bridge, connecting the preceding verses with the exhortation that follows. In Greek, it is "διό" (dio), which implies a conclusion drawn from previous statements. In the context of 2 Peter, the apostle has been discussing the divine power and promises given to believers, urging them to grow in virtues. This word signals that what follows is a logical outcome of the truths previously stated.

brothers
The term "brothers" (Greek: "ἀδελφοί," adelphoi) is a term of endearment and solidarity, indicating a familial relationship among believers. It reflects the early Christian understanding of the church as a family united by faith in Christ. This address emphasizes the communal aspect of the Christian journey, where believers are encouraged to support and exhort one another.

strive
The Greek word here is "σπουδάσατε" (spoudasate), which conveys a sense of earnestness, diligence, and effort. It suggests that making one's calling and election sure requires active participation and intentionality. This is not a passive endeavor but a call to vigorous pursuit, reflecting the seriousness with which believers are to approach their spiritual lives.

to make your calling and election sure
"Calling" (Greek: "κλῆσιν," klēsin) and "election" (Greek: "ἐκλογήν," eklogēn) are theological terms that refer to God's initiative in salvation. "Calling" denotes the divine invitation to embrace salvation, while "election" refers to God's sovereign choice. The phrase "make...sure" (Greek: "βεβαίαν," bebaian) implies establishing or confirming something as firm and unshakeable. This exhortation encourages believers to live in a manner that reflects and confirms their divine calling and election, not to earn salvation, but to demonstrate its reality in their lives.

For if you practice these things
The phrase "practice these things" (Greek: "ταῦτα ποιεῖτε," tauta poieite) refers back to the virtues listed in verses 5-7, such as faith, goodness, knowledge, self-control, perseverance, godliness, brotherly kindness, and love. The continuous practice of these virtues is evidence of a life transformed by the Holy Spirit. It underscores the importance of habitual, consistent action in the Christian walk.

you will never stumble
The promise "you will never stumble" (Greek: "οὐ μὴ πταίσητέ," ou mē ptaisēte) offers assurance of stability and perseverance. The word "stumble" (Greek: "πταίω," ptaiō) can mean to fall into sin or to fail in one's faith journey. This assurance is not a guarantee of sinless perfection but a promise of divine support and guidance, enabling believers to navigate the challenges of life without falling away from their faith. It highlights God's sustaining grace and the believer's responsibility to remain steadfast.

and you will receive
The phrase "and you will receive" suggests a future promise contingent upon the actions and faith of the believer. The Greek word used here is "epichorēgēthēsetai," which implies a generous provision or supply. This reflects the abundant grace and blessings that God bestows upon those who are faithful. In the context of 2 Peter, it emphasizes the assurance of God's promises to those who diligently pursue a life of godliness and virtue.

a lavish reception
The term "lavish reception" is translated from the Greek word "plousios," meaning richly or abundantly. This phrase paints a picture of an extravagant welcome, akin to a royal or celebratory entrance. Historically, such receptions were reserved for dignitaries or victorious athletes returning home. In the Christian context, it signifies the honor and joy awaiting believers in the afterlife, underscoring the value God places on a life lived in faith and righteousness.

into the eternal kingdom
"Into the eternal kingdom" refers to the everlasting reign of God, a central theme in Christian eschatology. The Greek word "basileia" denotes a realm or dominion, and "aiōnios" signifies eternal or everlasting. This phrase assures believers of their place in God's unending kingdom, a promise rooted in the teachings of Jesus about the Kingdom of Heaven. It highlights the ultimate goal of the Christian journey: to dwell forever in God's presence.

of our Lord and Savior
The phrase "of our Lord and Savior" identifies Jesus Christ as both sovereign and redeemer. The Greek words "Kyrios" (Lord) and "Sōtēr" (Savior) reflect His authority and His role in salvation. This dual title emphasizes the comprehensive nature of Christ's work—He is both the ruler of the kingdom and the one who provides the means for entry through His sacrificial death and resurrection. It calls believers to recognize His lordship and trust in His saving grace.

Jesus Christ
"Jesus Christ" is the central figure of the Christian faith. "Jesus" is derived from the Hebrew "Yeshua," meaning "Yahweh is salvation," while "Christ" comes from the Greek "Christos," meaning "Anointed One," equivalent to the Hebrew "Messiah." This name encapsulates His mission and identity as the promised deliverer. In the context of 2 Peter, it reaffirms the foundation of the believer's hope and the source of the promised eternal kingdom. It is a call to remain steadfast in faith, looking to Jesus as the ultimate fulfillment of God's promises.

Therefore
This word serves as a bridge, connecting the preceding verses with the current statement. In the Greek, "dio" indicates a conclusion or a reasoned result. Peter is drawing a logical conclusion from the truths he has just expounded upon, emphasizing the importance of what follows. It reminds us that our faith is not isolated but built upon a foundation of divine truth and previous teachings.

I will always remind you
The Greek verb "hupomimnesko" means to remind or bring to remembrance. Peter's use of "always" underscores his commitment to continually reinforce the truths of the Gospel. This reflects the pastoral heart of Peter, who understands the human tendency to forget and the necessity of constant reinforcement of spiritual truths. It is a call to the Church to be diligent in teaching and reminding believers of the core tenets of their faith.

of these things
"This" refers to the teachings and truths Peter has been discussing, particularly the qualities that confirm one's calling and election (2 Peter 1:5-11). The phrase emphasizes the importance of these spiritual truths and virtues, which are foundational to Christian living. It is a reminder that the Christian life is not static but requires ongoing growth and adherence to the teachings of Christ.

even though you know them
Peter acknowledges that his audience is already familiar with these teachings. The Greek word "oida" implies a deep, intuitive knowledge. This recognition of their existing knowledge serves to affirm the believers' understanding while also highlighting the necessity of continual reinforcement. It suggests that knowledge alone is not sufficient; it must be coupled with constant remembrance and application.

and are established
The term "established" comes from the Greek "sterizo," meaning to make firm or stable. This indicates that the believers have a solid foundation in their faith. Peter's use of this term reassures the readers of their secure position in Christ, while also encouraging them to remain steadfast. It is a call to perseverance and stability in the face of challenges and false teachings.

in the truth
"Truth" here is "aletheia" in Greek, signifying not just factual correctness but divine reality as revealed in Christ. This truth is the Gospel, the ultimate reality that governs the life of a believer. Peter emphasizes that their faith is not based on myths or human wisdom but on the revealed truth of God, which is unchanging and eternal.

you now have
This phrase indicates the present possession of truth by the believers. The Greek "pareimi" suggests a current and active presence. It is a reminder that the truth of the Gospel is not a distant or past reality but a present and active force in the lives of believers. This present possession of truth calls for a response of faithfulness and continued growth in the knowledge of Christ.

I think it is right
The phrase "I think it is right" reflects the apostle Peter's personal conviction and sense of duty. The Greek word for "think" here is "hēgeomai," which implies a thoughtful consideration or judgment. Peter is not acting on impulse but on a deliberate decision that aligns with his role as an apostle. This phrase underscores the importance of discernment and wisdom in spiritual leadership, reminding believers that decisions should be made with careful thought and alignment with God's will.

to refresh your memory
The term "refresh" comes from the Greek "diegeirō," meaning to awaken or stir up. Peter's intention is to keep the truths of the faith alive and active in the minds of his readers. This reflects a pastoral concern for the spiritual well-being of the church, emphasizing the necessity of continual reminder and reinforcement of the gospel message. The act of refreshing memory is crucial in a world where distractions and false teachings abound, highlighting the need for constant engagement with Scripture.

as long as I live
This phrase indicates the temporal nature of Peter's mission. The Greek word "zē" for "live" suggests not just physical existence but a purposeful life. Peter acknowledges the limited time he has to fulfill his apostolic duties. This serves as a reminder to believers of the urgency and fleeting nature of life, encouraging them to make the most of their time in service to God and others.

in the tent of my body
The metaphor "tent of my body" is rich with imagery. The Greek word "skēnōma" for "tent" conveys the idea of a temporary dwelling. This reflects the biblical understanding of the body as a temporary vessel for the soul, echoing Paul's sentiments in 2 Corinthians 5:1-4. The use of "tent" suggests a pilgrim mindset, reminding Christians that their true home is not in this world but in the eternal presence of God. It encourages believers to hold loosely to earthly attachments and focus on their heavenly citizenship.

since I know
The phrase "since I know" reflects Peter's certainty and personal conviction. The Greek word used here is "oida," which implies an intuitive knowledge or awareness. This is not mere speculation but a deep, spiritual understanding granted by divine revelation. Peter's confidence in his knowledge underscores the intimate relationship he shares with Christ, who has revealed this truth to him. It serves as a reminder of the assurance believers can have in the promises and revelations of God.

that it will soon be laid aside
The phrase "that it will soon be laid aside" refers to Peter's impending death. The Greek word for "laid aside" is "apothesis," which means to put off or remove, often used in the context of clothing. This metaphor suggests that Peter views his physical body as a temporary garment, emphasizing the transient nature of earthly life. The use of "soon" indicates the urgency and immediacy of this event, highlighting Peter's readiness and acceptance of his fate. This perspective encourages believers to view their earthly lives as temporary and to focus on eternal matters.

as our Lord Jesus Christ
The reference to "our Lord Jesus Christ" is central to Peter's authority and message. By invoking the name of Jesus, Peter aligns his impending death with the will and foreknowledge of Christ. The title "Lord" (Greek: "Kyrios") signifies Jesus' divine authority and sovereignty, while "Jesus Christ" affirms His role as the Messiah. This acknowledgment of Christ's lordship serves as a powerful testament to Peter's faith and submission to God's plan, encouraging believers to trust in Christ's guidance and sovereignty over their lives.

has made clear to me
The phrase "has made clear to me" indicates a direct revelation from Christ to Peter. The Greek word "deloo" means to make manifest or to reveal. This suggests that Peter's understanding of his impending death is not based on human insight but on divine revelation. It highlights the personal relationship between Peter and Jesus, where Christ communicates His will to Peter. This divine communication reassures believers of God's active involvement in their lives and His willingness to reveal His purposes to those who seek Him.

And I will make every effort
The phrase "make every effort" is translated from the Greek word "spoudasō," which conveys a sense of diligence, eagerness, and earnestness. In the context of Peter's letter, it reflects his deep commitment and urgency in ensuring that the teachings of Christ are firmly established in the hearts of believers. This phrase underscores the importance of intentionality in spiritual growth and the transmission of faith. Peter's determination serves as an example for all Christians to be proactive in their faith journey, emphasizing that spiritual maturity requires active participation and dedication.

to ensure that
The Greek word "spoudasō" also implies a sense of assurance and certainty. Peter is not merely hoping but is actively working to guarantee that the believers will have the necessary resources to remember and live out the teachings of Christ. This reflects a pastoral heart, one that is concerned with the spiritual well-being of others and is willing to take concrete steps to support their faith. It highlights the role of leaders in the church to provide guidance and support to their congregations, ensuring that the truth of the Gospel is preserved and passed on.

after my departure
The term "departure" is translated from the Greek word "exodos," which can mean departure or exodus. This word choice is significant as it not only refers to Peter's impending death but also echoes the Exodus of the Israelites from Egypt, symbolizing a transition from one state of existence to another. Peter is aware of his mortality and the limited time he has left, yet he views his departure as a continuation of his journey with Christ. This perspective encourages believers to view death not as an end but as a passage to eternal life with God, reinforcing the hope and assurance found in the Christian faith.

you will be able to recall
The ability to "recall" is crucial in the life of a believer. The Greek word "mnēmē" suggests an active remembrance, not just a passive recollection. Peter's intention is for the teachings of Christ to be so ingrained in the minds and hearts of the believers that they can draw upon them at any time. This highlights the importance of scripture memorization, meditation, and the internalization of God's Word. It serves as a reminder that the truths of the Gospel should be a constant presence in our lives, guiding our actions and decisions.

these things at all times
The phrase "at all times" emphasizes the perpetual relevance and necessity of the teachings Peter has imparted. The Greek word "pantote" means always or continually, indicating that the truths of the Gospel are not just for specific moments but are applicable in every aspect of life. This underscores the timeless nature of God's Word and its ability to provide guidance, comfort, and wisdom in every situation. It challenges believers to maintain a continuous connection with the teachings of Christ, allowing them to shape and influence every part of their lives.

For we did not follow
The phrase emphasizes the apostolic authority and authenticity of Peter's message. The Greek word "exakoloutheō" implies a deliberate and conscious choice not to pursue or adhere to something. In the context of the early church, this statement reassures believers that the teachings they received were not based on human invention or myth, but on divine revelation and truth.

cleverly devised fables
The term "fables" (Greek: "muthos") refers to myths or accounts that are fabricated and lack a basis in reality. In the Greco-Roman world, myths were common and often used to explain natural phenomena or cultural traditions. Peter contrasts these with the truth of the Gospel, underscoring that the Christian faith is rooted in historical events and divine intervention, not in human imagination or deception.

when we made known to you
This phrase highlights the apostolic mission of proclaiming the Gospel. The Greek word "gnorizō" means to declare or reveal something previously unknown. Peter and the apostles were tasked with making known the mysteries of God, particularly the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ, to the world.

the power and coming of our Lord Jesus Christ
Here, "power" (Greek: "dunamis") refers to the divine strength and authority of Jesus, demonstrated through His miracles, resurrection, and the transformative impact of His message. "Coming" (Greek: "parousia") is a technical term in the New Testament for the second coming of Christ. This phrase encapsulates both the past and future aspects of Jesus' work—His earthly ministry and His anticipated return in glory.

but we were eyewitnesses
The term "eyewitnesses" (Greek: "epoptēs") conveys the idea of firsthand observation. Peter asserts that he and the other apostles personally witnessed the events of Jesus' life, particularly His transfiguration, which confirmed His divine nature. This direct experience lends credibility and authority to their testimony.

of His majesty
"Majesty" (Greek: "megaleiotēs") refers to the grandeur and splendor of Christ, particularly as revealed during the Transfiguration (as recounted in the Synoptic Gospels). This event provided a glimpse of Jesus' divine glory, affirming His identity as the Son of God. For believers, this serves as a powerful reminder of the divine nature of Christ and the hope of His glorious return.

For He received honor and glory
This phrase emphasizes the divine acknowledgment and exaltation of Jesus Christ. The Greek words for "honor" (τιμή, timē) and "glory" (δόξα, doxa) convey a sense of reverence and splendor. In the historical context, honor and glory were attributes often reserved for kings and deities. Here, they affirm Jesus' divine status and His fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies regarding the Messiah. This acknowledgment from God the Father underscores the unique and unparalleled position of Jesus in the divine plan of salvation.

from God the Father
This phrase highlights the source of Jesus' honor and glory, which is God the Father Himself. The relationship between Jesus and the Father is central to Christian theology, emphasizing the unity and distinct roles within the Trinity. The use of "Father" (πατήρ, patēr) reflects a personal and intimate relationship, reinforcing the concept of Jesus as the Son of God. This divine endorsement is crucial for understanding the authority and mission of Jesus as the Savior.

when the voice came to Him
The "voice" refers to the audible declaration from God, an event that is both historical and supernatural. This moment is reminiscent of theophanies in the Old Testament, where God's presence is manifested through a voice or other phenomena. The Greek word for "voice" (φωνή, phōnē) suggests a powerful and authoritative proclamation. This divine communication serves as a public affirmation of Jesus' identity and mission, providing a foundation for the apostolic witness.

from the Majestic Glory
The term "Majestic Glory" is a unique and profound description of God's presence. The Greek word for "Majestic" (μεγαλοπρεπής, megaloprepēs) conveys grandeur and magnificence, while "Glory" (δόξα, doxa) signifies divine radiance and holiness. This phrase evokes imagery of God's transcendent and awe-inspiring nature, as seen in biblical accounts such as the transfiguration of Jesus. It underscores the divine origin of the voice and the heavenly authority behind the declaration.

saying, 'This is My beloved Son
This declaration is a direct affirmation of Jesus' divine sonship. The term "beloved" (ἀγαπητός, agapētos) indicates a deep, unconditional love, reflecting the unique relationship between the Father and the Son. This echoes the language used during Jesus' baptism and serves as a testament to His identity as the Messiah. The phrase "My beloved Son" is rich with theological significance, affirming Jesus' role as the fulfillment of God's promises and His central place in the plan of redemption.

in whom I am well pleased.'
This final phrase expresses God's complete satisfaction and approval of Jesus. The Greek word for "well pleased" (εὐδοκέω, eudokeō) conveys a sense of delight and favor. This divine approval is not only a testament to Jesus' sinless life and obedience but also an assurance of His perfect alignment with the Father's will. It serves as a powerful reminder of Jesus' role as the perfect mediator between God and humanity, whose life and work are fully endorsed by the Father.

And we ourselves heard this voice from heaven
This phrase emphasizes the personal testimony and eyewitness account of the Apostle Peter. The Greek word for "heard" is "ἠκούσαμεν" (ēkousamen), which implies not just hearing but understanding and internalizing the message. This is significant because it underscores the authenticity and reliability of the apostolic witness. The phrase "from heaven" indicates the divine origin of the voice, affirming that the message is not of human origin but from God Himself. This aligns with the Jewish understanding of heaven as the dwelling place of God, reinforcing the authority and sacredness of the revelation.

when we were with Him
The phrase "when we were with Him" highlights the intimate and direct experience the apostles had with Jesus Christ. The Greek word "σὺν" (syn) means "with," indicating close association and fellowship. This personal encounter is crucial because it establishes the credibility of the apostles as firsthand witnesses of Christ's majesty. Historically, this reflects the Jewish tradition of discipleship, where followers lived closely with their rabbi, learning directly from his teachings and actions.

on the holy mountain
The "holy mountain" refers to the Mount of Transfiguration, where Jesus was transfigured before Peter, James, and John. The term "holy" (ἁγίῳ, hagiō) signifies something set apart for God's purpose. Mountains in biblical times were often seen as places of divine revelation and encounter, such as Mount Sinai with Moses. This setting underscores the sacredness of the event and the divine confirmation of Jesus' identity as the Son of God. The historical and scriptural context of mountains as places of revelation adds depth to the understanding of this transformative experience.

We also have
This phrase emphasizes the continuity and reliability of the apostolic witness with the prophetic tradition. The Greek word for "have" (ἔχομεν, echomen) suggests possession and assurance. It indicates that the believers are not left without guidance; they possess something of great value and certainty.

the word of the prophets
The "word" (λόγον, logon) refers to the message or revelation given through the prophets. In the Jewish tradition, prophets were seen as God's mouthpieces, delivering His divine will. This phrase underscores the authority and divine origin of the prophetic writings, which are foundational to Christian faith.

as confirmed beyond doubt
The Greek term for "confirmed" (βεβαιότερον, bebaioteron) implies something that is steadfast and reliable. Historically, this reflects the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies in the life and ministry of Jesus Christ, which serves as a validation of the prophetic word. The phrase assures believers of the trustworthiness of Scripture.

And you will do well to pay attention to it
This exhortation to "pay attention" (προσέχοντες, prosechontes) is a call to heed and apply the teachings of the prophets. It suggests an active engagement with Scripture, not merely passive reading. The phrase implies that spiritual growth and understanding come from diligent study and application of God's word.

as to a lamp shining in a dark place
The imagery of a "lamp" (λύχνῳ, lychnō) is rich in biblical symbolism, often representing guidance, truth, and revelation. In ancient times, lamps were essential for navigating darkness. The "dark place" (αὐχμηρῷ τόπῳ, auchmērō topō) symbolizes the moral and spiritual darkness of the world. This metaphor highlights the illuminating power of Scripture in guiding believers through life's uncertainties.

until the day dawns
The "day" (ἡμέρα, hēmera) is often associated with the coming of Christ or the full revelation of God's kingdom. The "dawning" (διαυγάσῃ, diaugasē) suggests the transition from partial understanding to complete clarity. This phrase encourages believers to remain steadfast in their faith, anticipating the ultimate fulfillment of God's promises.

and the morning star rises in your hearts
The "morning star" (φωσφόρος, phōsphoros) is a symbol of hope and new beginnings, often associated with Christ Himself (Revelation 22:16). The rising of the morning star "in your hearts" signifies the internal transformation and enlightenment that comes from a deep relationship with Christ. It points to the eschatological hope and the personal experience of Christ's presence in the believer's life.

Above all
This phrase emphasizes the supreme importance of the message that follows. In the Greek, "πρῶτον" (proton) can be understood as "first" or "chiefly," indicating that what Peter is about to convey is of utmost priority. In the context of the early church, where false teachings were prevalent, Peter underscores the necessity of grasping this foundational truth. It serves as a reminder that the integrity of Scripture is paramount and should be held in the highest regard by believers.

you must understand
The Greek word "γινώσκοντες" (ginōskontes) implies a deep, experiential knowledge rather than mere intellectual assent. Peter is urging his readers to internalize this truth, not just to acknowledge it superficially. This understanding is not optional but essential for the believer's faith journey. It calls for a heart and mind open to the Holy Spirit's guidance, ensuring that one's comprehension of Scripture is aligned with divine revelation rather than human reasoning.

that no prophecy of Scripture
The term "prophecy" (προφητεία, prophēteia) refers to the divinely inspired messages found throughout the Bible. In the Jewish and early Christian context, prophecy was not limited to foretelling future events but included any message from God delivered through His chosen messengers. "Scripture" (γραφή, graphē) denotes the sacred writings recognized as authoritative and inspired. Peter is affirming the divine origin of these texts, distinguishing them from ordinary human writings.

comes from one's own interpretation
The Greek word for "interpretation" (ἐπίλυσις, epilysis) suggests a personal or private explanation. Peter is cautioning against the subjective interpretation of Scripture, which can lead to misunderstandings and false teachings. In the historical context, this was a direct challenge to those who twisted the Scriptures to suit their agendas. The apostle emphasizes that true understanding of prophecy is not derived from human insight but from the Holy Spirit, who inspired the original message. This serves as a call to humility and submission to God's wisdom, recognizing that Scripture's ultimate meaning is revealed through divine illumination rather than personal conjecture.

For no prophecy
The Greek word for "prophecy" here is "προφητεία" (prophēteia), which refers to a divinely inspired utterance or revelation. In the biblical context, prophecy is not merely about predicting the future but is a message from God delivered through His chosen messengers. This phrase emphasizes the divine origin of true prophecy, distinguishing it from human speculation or false prophecy. Historically, the role of prophets in Israel was crucial, as they were seen as God's mouthpieces, delivering His will and guidance to the people.

was ever brought about
The phrase "was ever brought about" underscores the divine initiative in the process of prophecy. The Greek verb "φέρω" (pherō) implies being brought forth or produced. This suggests that prophecy is not a product of human effort or creativity but is initiated and sustained by God. This aligns with the biblical understanding that God is sovereign and actively involved in revealing His purposes to humanity.

through human initiative
The Greek term "θέλημα" (thelēma) for "initiative" refers to will or desire. This phrase clarifies that prophecy does not originate from human will or desire. In the historical context of the early church, this was a critical assertion against false teachers who claimed divine authority without true inspiration. It reinforces the idea that genuine prophecy is not a result of human ambition or manipulation but is a divine act.

but men spoke from God
This phrase highlights the human element in the delivery of prophecy. The Greek word "ἄνθρωποι" (anthrōpoi) for "men" indicates that God uses human agents to communicate His messages. However, these men are not speaking on their own behalf but "from God," indicating divine authority and origin. Throughout biblical history, God has chosen specific individuals, such as Moses, Isaiah, and Jeremiah, to convey His messages, demonstrating His willingness to work through human vessels.

as they were carried along
The Greek word "φερόμενοι" (pheromenoi) is a passive participle meaning "being carried" or "being moved." This imagery suggests that the prophets were not acting on their own initiative but were guided and empowered by an external force—the Holy Spirit. This concept is akin to a ship being carried by the wind, indicating that the prophets were under the influence and direction of the Holy Spirit, ensuring the accuracy and divine nature of their message.

by the Holy Spirit
The Holy Spirit, or "Πνεύματος Ἁγίου" (Pneumatos Hagiou) in Greek, is the third person of the Trinity, who plays a crucial role in the inspiration of Scripture. This phrase affirms the Holy Spirit's active involvement in the process of prophecy, ensuring that the messages delivered are truly from God. In the broader scriptural context, the Holy Spirit is seen as the source of wisdom, guidance, and revelation, empowering believers and ensuring the integrity of God's word.