Ezekiel 27:17
New International Version
“’Judah and Israel traded with you; they exchanged wheat from Minnith and confections, honey, olive oil and balm for your wares.

New Living Translation
Judah and Israel traded for your wares, offering wheat from Minnith, figs, honey, olive oil, and balm.

English Standard Version
Judah and the land of Israel traded with you; they exchanged for your merchandise wheat of Minnith, meal, honey, oil, and balm.

Berean Standard Bible
Judah and the land of Israel traded with you; they exchanged wheat from Minnith, cakes and honey, oil and balm for your merchandise.

King James Bible
Judah, and the land of Israel, they were thy merchants: they traded in thy market wheat of Minnith, and Pannag, and honey, and oil, and balm.

New King James Version
Judah and the land of Israel were your traders. They traded for your merchandise wheat of Minnith, millet, honey, oil, and balm.

New American Standard Bible
Judah and the land of Israel, they were your traders; with the wheat of Minnith, cakes, honey, oil, and balsam they paid for your merchandise.

NASB 1995
“Judah and the land of Israel, they were your traders; with the wheat of Minnith, cakes, honey, oil and balm they paid for your merchandise.

NASB 1977
“Judah and the land of Israel, they were your traders; with the wheat of Minnith, cakes, honey, oil, and balm they paid for your merchandise.

Legacy Standard Bible
Judah and the land of Israel, they were your traders; with the wheat of Minnith, cakes, honey, oil, and balm they paid for your merchandise.

Amplified Bible
Judah and the land of Israel, they were your traders; with the wheat of Minnith [in Ammon], cakes, honey, oil, and balm they paid for your goods.

Christian Standard Bible
Judah and the land of Israel were your merchants. They exchanged wheat from Minnith, meal, honey, oil, and balm, for your goods.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Judah and the land of Israel were your merchants. They exchanged wheat from Minnith, meal, honey, oil, and balm, for your goods.

American Standard Version
Judah, and the land of Israel, they were thy traffickers: they traded for thy merchandise wheat of Minnith, and pannag, and honey, and oil, and balm.

Contemporary English Version
Judah and Israel gave you their finest wheat, fancy figs, honey, olive oil, and spices in exchange for your merchandise.

English Revised Version
Judah, and the land of Israel, they were thy traffickers: they traded for thy merchandise wheat of Minnith, and pannag, and honey, and oil, and balm:

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Judah and Israel traded with you. They exchanged wheat from Minnith, baked goods, honey, olive oil, and balsam for your goods.

Good News Translation
Judah and Israel paid for your goods with wheat, honey, olive oil, and spices.

International Standard Version
The territories of Judah and Israel were your clients, too. They traded wheat from their distribution centers, baked goods, honey, oil, and ointments for your merchandise.

Majority Standard Bible
Judah and the land of Israel traded with you; they exchanged wheat from Minnith, cakes and honey, oil and balm for your merchandise.

NET Bible
Judah and the land of Israel were your clients; they traded wheat from Minnith, millet, honey, olive oil, and balm for your merchandise.

New Heart English Bible
Judah, and the land of Israel, they were your traffickers: they traded for your merchandise wheat of Minnith, and confections, and honey, and oil, and balm.

Webster's Bible Translation
Judah, and the land of Israel, they were thy merchants: they traded in thy market in wheat of Minnith, and Pannag, and honey, and oil, and balm.

World English Bible
“‘“Judah and the land of Israel were your traders. They traded wheat of Minnith, confections, honey, oil, and balm for your merchandise.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
Judah and the land of Israel—they [are] your merchants, "" They have given wheat of Minnith, and Pannag, "" And honey, and oil, and balm [for] your merchandise.

Young's Literal Translation
Judah and the land of Israel -- they are thy merchants, For wheat of Minnith, and Pannag, And honey, and oil, and balm, They have given out thy merchandise.

Smith's Literal Translation
Judah and the land of Israel, they thy merchants: in wheat of Minnith and Pannag, and honey, and oil, and balsam, they gave thy traffic.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Juda and the land of Israel, they were thy merchants with the best corn: they set forth balm, and honey, and oil, and rosin in thy fairs.

Catholic Public Domain Version
Judah and the land of Israel, these were your peddlers of the best grain; they offered balsam, and honey, and oil, and resins at your festivals.

New American Bible
Judah and the land of Israel trafficked with you: Minnith wheat, grain, honey, oil, and balm they gave you as merchandise.

New Revised Standard Version
Judah and the land of Israel traded with you; they exchanged for your merchandise wheat from Minnith, millet, honey, oil, and balm.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Judah and the land of Israel, they were your merchants; they traded in your markets wheat, rice, millet, honey, oil, and balsam.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
Yehuda and the land of Israel, those were your Merchants; wheat, rice and millet, and honey and oil and balm they brought to you for sale
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
Judah, and the land of Israel, they were thy traffickers; they traded for thy merchandise wheat of Minnith, and balsam, and honey, and oil, and balm.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
Juda and the children of Israel, these were thy merchants; in the sale of corn and ointments and cassia: and they gave the best honey, and oil, and resin, to thy trading population.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
A Lament for Tyre
16Aram was your customer because of your many products; they exchanged turquoise, purple, embroidered work, fine linen, coral, and rubies for your wares. 17Judah and the land of Israel traded with you; they exchanged wheat from Minnith, cakes and honey, oil and balm for your merchandise. 18Because of your many products and your great wealth of goods, Damascus traded with you wine from Helbon, wool from Zahar,…

Cross References
1 Kings 5:9-11
My servants will haul the logs from Lebanon to the Sea, and I will float them as rafts by sea to the place you specify. There I will separate the logs, and you can take them away. And in exchange, you can meet my needs by providing my household with food.” / So Hiram provided Solomon with all the cedar and cypress timber he wanted, / and year after year Solomon would provide Hiram with 20,000 cors of wheat as food for his household, as well as 20,000 baths of pure olive oil.

Nehemiah 13:16
Additionally, men of Tyre who lived there were importing fish and all kinds of merchandise and selling them on the Sabbath to the people of Judah in Jerusalem.

Isaiah 2:7
Their land is full of silver and gold, with no limit to their treasures; their land is full of horses, with no limit to their chariots.

Jeremiah 6:20
What use to Me is frankincense from Sheba or sweet cane from a distant land? Your burnt offerings are not acceptable; your sacrifices do not please Me.”

Hosea 12:7
A merchant loves to defraud with dishonest scales in his hands.

Amos 8:5-6
asking, “When will the New Moon be over, that we may sell grain? When will the Sabbath end, that we may market wheat? Let us reduce the ephah and increase the shekel; let us cheat with dishonest scales. / Let us buy the poor with silver and the needy for a pair of sandals, selling even the chaff with the wheat!”

Joel 3:6
You sold the people of Judah and Jerusalem to the Greeks, to send them far from their homeland.

Genesis 43:11
Then their father Israel said to them, “If it must be so, then do this: Put some of the best products of the land in your packs and carry them down as a gift for the man—a little balm and a little honey, spices and myrrh, pistachios and almonds.

2 Chronicles 2:10
I will pay your servants, the woodcutters, 20,000 cors of ground wheat, 20,000 cors of barley, 20,000 baths of wine, and 20,000 baths of olive oil.”

1 Kings 10:15
not including the revenue from the merchants, traders, and all the Arabian kings and governors of the land.

Acts 12:20
Now Herod was in a furious dispute with the people of Tyre and Sidon, and they convened before him. Having secured the support of Blastus, the king’s chamberlain, they asked for peace, because their region depended on the king’s country for food.

Matthew 11:21
“Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! For if the miracles that were performed in you had been performed in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes.

Luke 10:13
Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! For if the miracles that were performed in you had been performed in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago, sitting in sackcloth and ashes.

Acts 27:3
The next day we landed at Sidon, and Julius treated Paul with consideration, allowing him to visit his friends and receive their care.

Revelation 18:11-13
And the merchants of the earth will weep and mourn over her, because there is no one left to buy their cargo— / cargo of gold, silver, precious stones, and pearls; of fine linen, purple, silk, and scarlet; of all kinds of citron wood and every article of ivory, precious wood, bronze, iron, and marble; / of cinnamon, spice, incense, myrrh, and frankincense; of wine, olive oil, fine flour, and wheat; of cattle, sheep, horses, and carriages; of bodies and souls of slaves.


Treasury of Scripture

Judah, and the land of Israel, they were your merchants: they traded in your market wheat of Minnith, and Pannag, and honey, and oil, and balm.

wheat

Deuteronomy 8:8
A land of wheat, and barley, and vines, and fig trees, and pomegranates; a land of oil olive, and honey;

Deuteronomy 32:14
Butter of kine, and milk of sheep, with fat of lambs, and rams of the breed of Bashan, and goats, with the fat of kidneys of wheat; and thou didst drink the pure blood of the grape.

1 Kings 5:9
My servants shall bring them down from Lebanon unto the sea: and I will convey them by sea in floats unto the place that thou shalt appoint me, and will cause them to be discharged there, and thou shalt receive them: and thou shalt accomplish my desire, in giving food for my household.

Minnith

Judges 11:33
And he smote them from Aroer, even till thou come to Minnith, even twenty cities, and unto the plain of the vineyards, with a very great slaughter. Thus the children of Ammon were subdued before the children of Israel.

balm.

Genesis 43:11
And their father Israel said unto them, If it must be so now, do this; take of the best fruits in the land in your vessels, and carry down the man a present, a little balm, and a little honey, spices, and myrrh, nuts, and almonds:

Jeremiah 8:22
Is there no balm in Gilead; is there no physician there? why then is not the health of the daughter of my people recovered?

Jump to Previous
Balm Balsam Bartered Cakes Early Exchanged Figs Goods Grain Honey Israel Judah Market Merchandise Merchants Minnith Oil Olives Paid Perfume Sweet Traded Traders Traffickers Wheat
Jump to Next
Balm Balsam Bartered Cakes Early Exchanged Figs Goods Grain Honey Israel Judah Market Merchandise Merchants Minnith Oil Olives Paid Perfume Sweet Traded Traders Traffickers Wheat
Ezekiel 27
1. The riches and commerce of Tyrus
26. The great and irrecoverable fall thereof














Judah and Israel
This phrase highlights the two distinct yet interconnected kingdoms of the Hebrew people. Historically, after the reign of Solomon, the united kingdom of Israel split into the northern kingdom (Israel) and the southern kingdom (Judah). This division is significant in understanding the political and economic dynamics of the region. In the context of Ezekiel, both kingdoms are depicted as engaging in trade, emphasizing their economic activities and the interconnectedness of their destinies despite their political separation. Theologically, this unity in commerce can be seen as a foreshadowing of the eventual reunification and restoration of God's people.

were your merchants
The term "merchants" here is derived from the Hebrew word "סֹחֲרִים" (socharim), which refers to traders or those engaged in commerce. This indicates that Judah and Israel were not just passive participants but active players in the bustling trade networks of the ancient Near East. The role of merchants was crucial in the ancient world, as they facilitated the exchange of goods, culture, and ideas. Spiritually, this can be seen as a metaphor for the exchange of spiritual truths and the spreading of God's influence through His people.

they traded with you
This phrase underscores the active engagement and mutual benefit in the trade relationships. The Hebrew root "עָשָׂה" (asah) implies doing or making, suggesting that trade was a deliberate and significant activity. This reflects the importance of economic relationships in maintaining peace and prosperity among nations. From a spiritual perspective, it can be seen as a call for believers to engage actively and purposefully in their communities, contributing to the common good.

in wheat from Minnith
Minnith is mentioned in Judges 11:33 as a location east of the Jordan River, known for its fertile lands and agricultural produce. Wheat was a staple food and a symbol of sustenance and blessing. The mention of Minnith highlights the quality and desirability of the produce, indicating the wealth and abundance that God provided to His people. Spiritually, wheat can symbolize the Word of God, which sustains and nourishes the soul.

meal, honey, oil, and balm
Each of these commodities holds significant value both economically and symbolically. Meal, or flour, was essential for daily sustenance. Honey, often seen as a luxury, symbolizes sweetness and delight. Oil, particularly olive oil, was used for cooking, anointing, and as a source of light, representing the Holy Spirit's presence and blessing. Balm, a resin used for healing, signifies restoration and comfort. Together, these items reflect the richness of God's provision and the holistic nature of His blessings—meeting physical, emotional, and spiritual needs.

(17) Minnith, and Pannag.--Minnith was in Ammon (Judges 11:33), rich in wheat (2Chronicles 27:5), and the Tyrians obtained its products through the Israelites. Pannag is unknown; it is even uncertain whether it is a proper name at all, or some sweet confection, as grape syrup.

Verse 17. - Judah and the land of Israel. The narrow strip of land occupied by the Phoenicians was unable to supply its crowded population. It was dependent on Israel for its corn and oil and the like in the days of Solomon (1 Kings 5:9-11) and continued to be so to those of Herod Agrippa (Acts 12:20). Minnith appears in Judges 11:33 as a city of the Ammonites near Heshbon, and the region of Ammon was famous for its wheat (2 Chronicles 27:5). Minnith wheat probably fetched the highest price in the Tyrian markets. Pannag is found here only. The versions, Targum, LXX., give "ointments" (μύροι), Vulgate, balsam. Most modern commentators take it as meaning sweetmeats, the syrup of grape-juice, possibly something like the modern rahat-la-koum of Turkish commerce. Possibly, like Minnith, it may have been a proper name the significance of which is lost to us. Honey was at all times one of the famous products of Palestine (Judges 14:8; 1 Samuel 14:27; Psalm 19:10; Exodus 33:3).

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Judah
יְהוּדָה֙ (yə·hū·ḏāh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3063: Judah -- 'praised', a son of Jacob, also the southern kingdom, also four Israelites

and the land
וְאֶ֣רֶץ (wə·’e·reṣ)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 776: Earth, land

of Israel
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (yiś·rā·’êl)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3478: Israel -- 'God strives', another name of Jacob and his desc

traded with you;
רֹכְלָ֑יִךְ (rō·ḵə·lā·yiḵ)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct | second person feminine singular
Strong's 7402: To travel for, trading

they exchanged
נָתְנ֖וּ (nā·ṯə·nū)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 5414: To give, put, set

wheat
בְּחִטֵּ֣י (bə·ḥiṭ·ṭê)
Preposition-b | Noun - feminine plural construct
Strong's 2406: Wheat

from Minnith,
מִ֠נִּית (min·nîṯ)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 4511: Minnith -- a place in Ammonite territory

cakes
וּפַנַּ֨ג (ū·p̄an·naḡ)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 6436: (probably a kind of food) perhaps cake

and honey,
וּדְבַ֤שׁ (ū·ḏə·ḇaš)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 1706: Honey, syrup

oil
וָשֶׁ֙מֶן֙ (wā·še·men)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 8081: Grease, liquid, richness

and balm
וָצֹ֔רִי (wā·ṣō·rî)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 6875: Distillation, balsam

for your merchandise.
מַעֲרָבֵֽךְ׃ (ma·‘ă·rā·ḇêḵ)
Noun - masculine singular construct | second person feminine singular
Strong's 4627: Articles of exchange, merchandise


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OT Prophets: Ezekiel 27:17 Judah and the land of Israel they (Ezek. Eze Ezk)
Ezekiel 27:16
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