Call out if you please
The phrase "Call out if you please" suggests an invitation or challenge to seek help or answers. In the Hebrew context, the word for "call" (קָרָא, qara) often implies a loud cry or proclamation, indicating desperation or urgency. This reflects the human condition of seeking divine intervention in times of distress. Historically, calling out was a common practice in ancient cultures, where people would vocally appeal to their deities or leaders for assistance. In the context of Job, this phrase underscores the futility of seeking help from earthly or even celestial beings when one is in deep suffering, emphasizing the need for reliance on God alone.

but who will answer?
The rhetorical question "but who will answer?" highlights the silence that often follows human cries for help. In the Hebrew tradition, the expectation of an answer from God or divine beings was common, yet this question points to the reality that not all cries receive the desired response. This can be seen as a reflection on the sovereignty of God, who answers according to His will and purpose. Theologically, it challenges believers to trust in God's wisdom and timing, even when immediate answers are not forthcoming.

To which of the holy ones will you turn?
The phrase "To which of the holy ones will you turn?" refers to the celestial beings or angels considered holy in the heavenly realm. In the ancient Near Eastern context, there was a belief in a divine council or assembly of holy ones who served God. The Hebrew word for "holy ones" (קְדוֹשִׁים, qedoshim) signifies beings set apart for divine purposes. This question implies the inadequacy of turning to these beings for help, as they are not sovereign and do not possess the power to alter one's circumstances. It serves as a reminder that ultimate reliance should be on God, who is above all holy ones and is the true source of help and comfort. This aligns with the conservative Christian perspective that emphasizes God's supremacy and the futility of seeking aid from any source other than Him.

For resentment
The Hebrew word for "resentment" here is "ka'as," which can also be translated as anger or vexation. In the context of Job, this word suggests a deep-seated bitterness that can consume an individual. Resentment is portrayed as a destructive force, one that can lead to spiritual and emotional death. In the broader biblical narrative, resentment is often linked to a lack of trust in God's justice and timing, reminding believers to release their grievances to God and seek His peace.

kills a fool
The term "fool" in Hebrew is "kesil," which refers to someone who is morally deficient or lacking in wisdom. In the wisdom literature of the Bible, a fool is not merely someone who lacks intelligence, but someone who rejects God's ways. The imagery of resentment "killing" a fool underscores the self-destructive nature of harboring bitterness. It serves as a warning that such emotions can lead to one's downfall, both spiritually and physically.

and envy
The Hebrew word for "envy" is "qin'ah," which can also mean jealousy or zeal. Envy is depicted as a corrosive emotion that eats away at one's contentment and peace. In the biblical context, envy often arises from a lack of gratitude and trust in God's provision. It is a reminder to believers to cultivate a heart of thankfulness and to find satisfaction in God's blessings rather than coveting what others possess.

slays the simple
The word "simple" in Hebrew is "pethi," referring to someone who is naive or easily led astray. In the wisdom literature, the simple are those who lack discernment and are susceptible to folly. The phrase "slays the simple" suggests that envy can lead to the spiritual and moral demise of those who are not grounded in wisdom. It is a call to seek God's wisdom and understanding, to guard against the destructive power of envy.

I have seen
The phrase "I have seen" indicates personal observation and experience. In the context of the Book of Job, this is Eliphaz speaking, one of Job's friends. The Hebrew root for "seen" is "ra'ah," which implies not just physical sight but also understanding and insight. Eliphaz claims to have witnessed the consequences of foolishness firsthand, suggesting that his advice is based on real-life experiences and observations. This sets the stage for his argument that the wicked, or foolish, will ultimately face ruin.

a fool
The term "fool" in Hebrew is "nabal," which refers to someone who is morally deficient, lacking wisdom, and often rebellious against God. In the wisdom literature of the Bible, a fool is not merely someone who lacks intelligence but someone who rejects God's ways and wisdom. Eliphaz uses this term to describe those who live without regard for God's laws, implying that their end is destruction.

taking root
The imagery of "taking root" suggests stability, growth, and establishment. In the ancient Near Eastern context, roots symbolize a foundation and the potential for flourishing. However, Eliphaz uses this imagery ironically, as the fool's apparent stability is deceptive and temporary. The Hebrew word "sharash" conveys the idea of becoming firmly established, yet Eliphaz warns that this is a false security for the fool.

but suddenly
The word "suddenly" indicates an unexpected and abrupt change. In Hebrew, "pith'owm" conveys the idea of something happening without warning. This serves as a cautionary note that the apparent success and stability of the fool can be swiftly overturned. It underscores the unpredictability of life and the ultimate justice of God, who can bring about change in an instant.

his house
"His house" symbolizes the fool's life, family, and possessions. In biblical times, a house was not just a physical structure but represented one's legacy, security, and social standing. The Hebrew word "bayith" encompasses all these aspects. Eliphaz suggests that the fool's entire existence and everything he has built can be affected by his actions and choices.

was cursed
The phrase "was cursed" indicates divine judgment and misfortune. In Hebrew, "arar" means to bind with a curse, implying that the fool's downfall is not merely a natural consequence but a result of divine intervention. In the biblical worldview, a curse is a serious matter, often reflecting God's disfavor and the reversal of blessings. Eliphaz uses this to emphasize that the fool's apparent success is fleeting and ultimately leads to ruin.

His sons
In the context of the ancient Near Eastern culture, sons were considered a blessing and a sign of a man's legacy and strength. The Hebrew word for "sons" is "בָּנִים" (banim), which not only refers to male offspring but also signifies the continuation of a family line. In the patriarchal society of Job's time, sons were expected to carry on the family name and inherit the father's estate. The mention of "his sons" here underscores the personal and familial tragedy that befalls the wicked, as their lineage and future are jeopardized.

are far from safety
The phrase "far from safety" indicates a state of vulnerability and exposure to danger. The Hebrew word for "safety" is "יֶשַׁע" (yesha), which conveys a sense of deliverance or salvation. In the biblical context, safety is often associated with divine protection and favor. The absence of safety for the sons suggests a withdrawal of God's protective hand, leaving them exposed to the consequences of their father's actions or the inherent dangers of a fallen world.

crushed in the gate
The "gate" in ancient cities was not only a physical entry point but also a place of judgment and public assembly. The Hebrew word "שַׁעַר" (sha'ar) refers to this significant location where legal matters were settled, and community leaders gathered. Being "crushed in the gate" implies a public disgrace or downfall, possibly due to legal judgments or societal rejection. This imagery highlights the severity of their plight, as they face ruin in a place meant for justice and order.

with no one to deliver them
The absence of a deliverer emphasizes the complete abandonment and helplessness of the sons. The Hebrew word for "deliver" is "מַלֵּט" (mallet), which means to rescue or save. In the biblical narrative, deliverance is often associated with God's intervention on behalf of His people. The lack of a deliverer here suggests that the sons are left to suffer the consequences of their circumstances without divine or human aid, underscoring the theme of divine justice and retribution for the wicked.

The hungry consume his harvest
This phrase highlights the vulnerability of the wicked's possessions. The Hebrew word for "hungry" is "רָעֵב" (ra'ev), which conveys a deep, gnawing need for sustenance. In the ancient Near Eastern context, hunger was a powerful force, often driving people to desperate measures. The "harvest" symbolizes the fruits of one's labor, which in an agrarian society, was the primary source of wealth and survival. The imagery here suggests that the wicked's efforts are ultimately futile, as their gains are devoured by those in need. This reflects a divine justice where the unrighteous cannot enjoy the fruits of their labor, aligning with the biblical principle that God provides for the needy, sometimes through the redistribution of the wealth of the wicked.

taking it even from the thorns
The phrase "even from the thorns" suggests that the wicked's harvest is not only consumed but is taken despite attempts to protect it. Thorns in the biblical context often symbolize obstacles or protection (as seen in Genesis 3:18, where thorns and thistles are part of the curse on the ground). The Hebrew word "קֹוצִים" (qotsim) indicates a barrier or defense. This imagery implies that no matter how the wicked try to safeguard their possessions, their efforts are in vain. The thorns, meant to deter, are ineffective against the divine justice that allows the hungry to overcome such barriers. This serves as a reminder of the futility of relying on earthly defenses against God's will.

and the thirsty pant after his wealth
The "thirsty" here, from the Hebrew "צָמֵא" (tsame), conveys an intense longing or desire, akin to a parched land yearning for rain. This thirst is not just physical but also metaphorical, representing a deep-seated need or desire for what the wicked possess. The word "pant" suggests an eagerness or desperation, indicating that the wicked's wealth is highly sought after. In biblical times, wealth was often measured in terms of land, livestock, and produce, all of which were essential for survival. The imagery of thirsting after wealth underscores the transient nature of material possessions and the insatiable human desire for more. It serves as a cautionary tale about the dangers of placing one's trust in riches rather than in God, who is the true source of provision and security.

For distress
The Hebrew word for "distress" here is "aven," which often denotes trouble, sorrow, or wickedness. In the context of Job, it reflects the deep anguish and suffering that Job is experiencing. This word reminds us that distress is a part of the human condition, often resulting from sin and the fallen nature of the world. It is not a random occurrence but is deeply rooted in the spiritual and moral fabric of life.

does not spring
The phrase "does not spring" uses the Hebrew verb "yatsa," meaning to go out or come forth. This suggests that distress is not an arbitrary or spontaneous event. It does not simply appear without cause or reason. In the conservative Christian perspective, this implies that God is sovereign over all circumstances, and nothing happens outside of His divine will and purpose.

from the dust
"Dust" in Hebrew is "aphar," which is often used in Scripture to symbolize mortality and the frailty of human life. Genesis 3:19 reminds us that man was formed from dust and will return to it. The use of "dust" here emphasizes that distress is not a natural product of the earth itself but is tied to the human experience and the consequences of sin.

and trouble
The word "trouble" is translated from the Hebrew "amal," which conveys labor, toil, or hardship. This term underscores the burdensome and often painful nature of human existence. In the context of Job, it reflects the intense suffering and trials that he endures. It serves as a reminder that life in a fallen world is marked by challenges and difficulties.

does not sprout
The verb "sprout" is "tsamach" in Hebrew, meaning to grow or spring up. This imagery suggests that trouble is not a natural growth from the earth, akin to plants or crops. Instead, it indicates that trouble has a deeper, more complex origin. It is not a mere accident of nature but is intricately connected to the spiritual realities of sin and redemption.

from the ground
The term "ground" is "adamah" in Hebrew, which is closely related to "Adam," the first man. This connection highlights the relationship between humanity and the earth. The ground is often seen as the source of life and sustenance, yet here it is clarified that it is not the source of trouble. This distinction points to the theological understanding that while the earth is cursed because of sin (Genesis 3:17), the ultimate source of distress and trouble is the broken relationship between humanity and God.

Yet man
The Hebrew word for "man" here is "אדם" (adam), which is often used to denote humanity in general. This term reminds us of the creation of man in Genesis, where Adam was formed from the dust of the ground. It underscores the universality of the human condition, emphasizing that the experiences described are not unique to Job but are shared by all of humanity. This phrase sets the stage for a profound truth about the human experience.

is born
The Hebrew verb "יולד" (yalad) means "to be born" or "to bring forth." This word suggests an inevitability, as birth is a natural and unavoidable part of life. It implies that just as birth is a certainty, so too is the experience that follows. This reflects the biblical understanding that life, from its very inception, is intertwined with certain realities that cannot be escaped.

to trouble
The Hebrew word "עמל" (amal) is translated as "trouble" and can also mean labor, toil, or hardship. This word conveys the idea of struggle and difficulty that is inherent in the human condition. It is reminiscent of the curse in Genesis 3:17-19, where Adam is told that he will toil and labor all his life. This phrase acknowledges the fallen state of the world and the challenges that come with it, reminding believers of the need for reliance on God amidst life's trials.

as surely as
This phrase serves as a comparison, indicating certainty and inevitability. It is a poetic way of expressing that just as certain natural phenomena occur without fail, so too does the experience of trouble in human life. This comparison invites readers to reflect on the natural order established by God and the consistency of His creation.

sparks fly upward
The imagery of sparks flying upward is vivid and evocative. In Hebrew, the word for "sparks" is "רשף" (resheph), which can also mean flame or firebolt. This natural phenomenon is used to illustrate the certainty and predictability of human troubles. Just as sparks naturally rise when a fire burns, so too do troubles arise in the life of man. This imagery serves as a reminder of the transient nature of life and the importance of seeking divine wisdom and strength to navigate its challenges.

However, if I were you
This phrase introduces a shift in perspective, as Eliphaz, one of Job's friends, offers his advice. The Hebrew root here suggests a personal and empathetic approach, indicating that Eliphaz is attempting to put himself in Job's position. Historically, this reflects the ancient Near Eastern practice of offering counsel based on personal experience and wisdom. Eliphaz's words are meant to be comforting, though they may come across as presumptive, given Job's suffering.

I would appeal to God
The word "appeal" is derived from the Hebrew verb "darash," which means to seek or inquire. This implies a proactive and earnest seeking of God's presence and intervention. In the context of the Old Testament, appealing to God was a common practice for those in distress, reflecting a deep-seated belief in God's sovereignty and willingness to hear His people's cries. Eliphaz encourages Job to turn to God as the ultimate source of justice and mercy.

and lay my cause before Him
The phrase "lay my cause" comes from the Hebrew "suwm mishpat," which means to set or present one's case. This legal terminology suggests a courtroom setting where one presents their grievances or needs before a judge. In the ancient world, God was often seen as the ultimate judge, and presenting one's case before Him was an act of faith and trust in His righteous judgment. Eliphaz is urging Job to trust in God's fairness and to believe that God will respond justly to his plight.

who does
This phrase refers to the active and ongoing work of God. In the Hebrew text, the verb used here is "עֹשֶׂה" (oseh), which is a participle form indicating continuous action. It emphasizes that God is not a passive observer but is continually involved in the world, orchestrating events according to His divine will. This reflects the belief in a God who is intimately involved in His creation, a core tenet of Conservative Christian theology.

great
The Hebrew word "גְּדוֹלוֹת" (gedolot) is used here, which is derived from "גָּדוֹל" (gadol), meaning "great" or "mighty." This term underscores the magnitude and power of God's actions. In the context of Job, it serves to remind the reader of the vastness of God's capabilities, which are beyond human comprehension. Historically, this aligns with the ancient Near Eastern understanding of deities as beings of immense power, yet the Bible uniquely presents God as both powerful and personal.

and unsearchable things
The phrase "וְאֵין חֵקֶר" (ve'ein cheker) translates to "and unsearchable things." The word "חֵקֶר" (cheker) means "search" or "investigation." This highlights the idea that God's ways and deeds are beyond human understanding or discovery. It reflects the biblical theme of divine mystery, where God's plans and purposes are often hidden from human view, requiring faith and trust in His wisdom. This concept is echoed throughout Scripture, reminding believers of the limitations of human wisdom compared to God's infinite understanding.

wonders
The Hebrew word "נִפְלָאוֹת" (niflaot) is used here, which comes from the root "פָּלָא" (pala), meaning "to be wonderful" or "to be extraordinary." This term is often used in the Bible to describe miraculous events or acts of God that inspire awe and reverence. In the context of Job, it serves to illustrate the miraculous nature of God's interventions in the world, which are both awe-inspiring and beyond human capability.

without number
The phrase "אֵין מִסְפָּר" (ein mispar) translates to "without number." This expression emphasizes the limitless nature of God's wonders. The Hebrew word "מִסְפָּר" (mispar) means "number," and its use here conveys the idea that God's miraculous deeds are innumerable and infinite. This reflects the biblical portrayal of God as boundless in His ability to perform wonders, reinforcing the belief in His omnipotence and the inexhaustible nature of His works.

He gives rain
The phrase "He gives rain" highlights God's sovereignty and providence. In the Hebrew text, the word for "gives" is "נָתַן" (natan), which implies a deliberate and generous act. Rain in the ancient Near East was a symbol of blessing and life, essential for agriculture and survival. This phrase underscores God's role as the sustainer of life, providing what is necessary for the earth to flourish. In a spiritual sense, rain can also symbolize God's grace and blessings poured out upon His people.

to the earth
The "earth" here, "אֶרֶץ" (erets) in Hebrew, refers to the physical land, the ground that receives the rain. This emphasizes the connection between heaven and earth, where God's provision meets human need. The earth is often seen as God's creation, entrusted to humanity, and this phrase reminds us of the divine care and order established in creation. It also reflects the idea that God's blessings are not limited to a specific people but are given to all creation.

and sends water
The act of sending "water" is another demonstration of God's active involvement in the world. The Hebrew word for "sends" is "שָׁלַח" (shalach), which conveys intentionality and purpose. Water, "מַיִם" (mayim), is a vital resource, essential for life, cleansing, and growth. In biblical symbolism, water often represents the Holy Spirit, cleansing, and renewal. This phrase can inspire believers to see God's hand in the natural processes and His desire to refresh and sustain both the physical and spiritual realms.

upon the fields
The "fields," "שָׂדֶה" (sadeh) in Hebrew, represent the cultivated areas where crops are grown. This indicates God's provision for human sustenance and the agricultural cycle. In the historical context, fields were the source of food and economic stability, and their productivity was directly linked to divine favor. This phrase reassures believers of God's faithfulness in providing for their needs and encourages trust in His timing and methods. It also serves as a reminder of the partnership between divine provision and human stewardship.

He sets the lowly on high
The phrase "He sets the lowly on high" reflects the divine action of God elevating those who are humble or of low status. The Hebrew word for "lowly" is "שָׁפָל" (shaphal), which can mean humble, low, or abased. In the context of the Ancient Near East, social hierarchies were rigid, and the lowly often had little hope of changing their status. This phrase emphasizes God's sovereignty and His ability to reverse human conditions, aligning with the biblical theme that God exalts the humble (see also 1 Samuel 2:7-8 and Luke 1:52). It serves as a reminder that God values humility and can transform the lives of those who trust in Him.

so that mourners are lifted to safety
The continuation "so that mourners are lifted to safety" speaks to God's compassion and deliverance. The Hebrew word for "mourners" is "אָבֵל" (avel), which denotes those who are grieving or in sorrow. Mourning was a significant part of the cultural and religious practices in biblical times, often involving rituals and expressions of deep sorrow. The phrase "lifted to safety" suggests a divine intervention where God provides refuge and security. The Hebrew root "יָשַׁע" (yasha) for "safety" implies salvation or deliverance. This reflects the biblical assurance that God is a refuge for the oppressed and a stronghold in times of trouble (Psalm 9:9). It is an inspirational reminder of God's promise to comfort those who mourn and to bring them into a place of peace and protection.

He thwarts
The Hebrew root for "thwarts" is "parar," which means to break, frustrate, or annul. This word conveys the power and sovereignty of God in disrupting the plans of those who act with deceit and malice. In the context of the ancient Near East, where cunning and craftiness were often seen as virtues in political and social maneuvering, this phrase emphasizes God's ability to intervene and nullify human schemes that are contrary to His will. It serves as a reminder of the divine oversight that governs the affairs of men, ensuring that ultimately, justice prevails.

the schemes
The term "schemes" comes from the Hebrew word "mezimmah," which refers to plans, plots, or devices, often with a negative connotation of deceit or wickedness. In the biblical context, this word is frequently associated with the machinations of those who oppose God's righteous order. The use of this term highlights the moral dimension of human actions, suggesting that not all plans are neutral, but some are inherently opposed to divine principles. This serves as a caution to the faithful to align their intentions with God's purposes.

of the crafty
"Crafty" is translated from the Hebrew word "arum," which can mean shrewd, cunning, or prudent. While the word can have a positive connotation of wisdom, in this context, it refers to those who use their intelligence for deceitful purposes. The Bible often contrasts human cunning with divine wisdom, as seen in the account of the serpent in Genesis 3, who is described as "more crafty than any of the wild animals." This phrase underscores the futility of relying on human cleverness when it is set against God's omniscience and righteousness.

so that their hands
The phrase "their hands" symbolizes human action and effort. In biblical literature, hands are often used metaphorically to represent the execution of one's plans or the exertion of power. By stating that their hands find no success, the verse emphasizes the ultimate ineffectiveness of actions that are not aligned with God's will. This serves as a powerful reminder that human strength and effort are insufficient without divine blessing and guidance.

find no success
The Hebrew word for "success" is "tushiyyah," which can mean sound wisdom, success, or deliverance. In this context, it implies the failure of the wicked to achieve their intended outcomes. Theologically, this reflects the biblical principle that true success is not measured by worldly standards but by alignment with God's purposes. The verse reassures believers that despite appearances, God's justice will prevail, and those who rely on deceit will ultimately fail. This offers hope and encouragement to the faithful, affirming that God is actively involved in the world, working to bring about His righteous plans.

He catches the wise in their craftiness
This phrase is a profound assertion of God's sovereignty and wisdom. The Hebrew word for "catches" is "לָכַד" (lakad), which implies seizing or capturing. This suggests that God is actively involved in the affairs of humanity, particularly in thwarting the plans of those who consider themselves wise by worldly standards. The "wise" here refers to those who rely on their own understanding and cunning, often to the exclusion of divine wisdom. The term "craftiness" is derived from the Hebrew "עָרְמָה" (ormah), which can mean shrewdness or deceit. This highlights the futility of human schemes when they are not aligned with God's will. Historically, this reflects the biblical theme that true wisdom comes from God, as seen in Proverbs 9:10, "The fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom."

and sweeps away the plans of the cunning
The phrase "sweeps away" is translated from the Hebrew "סָכַל" (sakal), which means to frustrate or make foolish. This indicates that God not only captures the wise but also nullifies their plans. The "plans" refer to the deliberate and often intricate schemes devised by the "cunning," a term that echoes the earlier "craftiness." The Hebrew root "עָרַם" (aram) for "cunning" suggests a sense of being crafty or sly. This part of the verse underscores the biblical principle that no matter how well-conceived human plans may be, they are ultimately subject to God's overriding purpose. This is a reminder of the limitations of human wisdom and the supremacy of divine providence, as echoed in Isaiah 55:8-9, where God's thoughts and ways are declared to be higher than those of humans.

They encounter darkness
The phrase "They encounter darkness" suggests a sudden and unexpected confrontation with confusion or calamity. In the Hebrew text, the word for "darkness" is "ḥōšeḵ," which often symbolizes chaos, ignorance, or judgment. This darkness is not merely the absence of light but a profound spiritual or moral blindness. Historically, darkness in the Bible is frequently associated with divine judgment or the absence of God's presence, as seen in the plagues of Egypt (Exodus 10:21-23). In this context, it implies that those who rely on their own wisdom rather than God's guidance will inevitably face confusion and despair.

by day
The phrase "by day" emphasizes the unexpected nature of the darkness. Daytime is typically associated with clarity, safety, and the ability to see and understand one's surroundings. The Hebrew word "yôm" for "day" often signifies a time of opportunity and revelation. The juxtaposition of darkness occurring during the day underscores the severity of the judgment or confusion faced by those who reject divine wisdom. It serves as a warning that human understanding is insufficient without God's illumination.

and grope
The word "grope" conveys a sense of helplessness and desperation. In Hebrew, "māšaš" is used to describe a blind or disoriented person feeling their way in the dark. This imagery is powerful, suggesting that without God's guidance, individuals are left to stumble through life, unable to find their way. The act of groping implies a lack of direction and purpose, highlighting the futility of relying solely on human insight.

at noon
"At noon" further intensifies the irony of the situation. Noon, or "ṣāhŏrayim" in Hebrew, is the time of day when the sun is at its highest and brightest, symbolizing maximum visibility and understanding. The fact that people are groping in darkness at this time suggests a profound spiritual blindness. It serves as a metaphor for those who, despite having every opportunity to see and understand the truth, remain in ignorance due to their rejection of God's wisdom.

as in the night
The comparison "as in the night" completes the imagery of disorientation and confusion. Night, or "lāylâ" in Hebrew, is traditionally a time of danger and uncertainty. This phrase implies that those who reject divine wisdom live in a perpetual state of night, regardless of the actual time of day. It serves as a stark reminder of the consequences of turning away from God, emphasizing that true understanding and clarity come only from Him.

He saves
The Hebrew root for "saves" is "יָשַׁע" (yasha), which conveys the idea of deliverance, salvation, and rescue. In the context of the Book of Job, this word emphasizes God's role as a deliverer and protector. Throughout Scripture, God is consistently portrayed as a savior who intervenes in the lives of His people, offering them refuge and safety. This assurance of divine salvation is a cornerstone of faith, reminding believers that God is actively involved in their lives, providing hope and security even in the midst of trials.

the needy
The term "needy" comes from the Hebrew word "אֶבְיוֹן" (evyon), which refers to those who are poor, oppressed, or in desperate circumstances. In the biblical context, the needy are often those who are marginalized and without power or resources. God's concern for the needy is a recurring theme throughout the Bible, highlighting His compassion and justice. This phrase reassures believers that God is attentive to the plight of the vulnerable and is committed to their well-being.

from the sword
The "sword" symbolizes violence, danger, and destruction. In ancient times, the sword was a common instrument of warfare and personal defense, representing the threat of physical harm. The imagery of being saved from the sword underscores God's protection against external threats and adversities. It serves as a metaphor for divine intervention in times of conflict, assuring believers that God is their shield and defender against all forms of evil.

in their mouth
This phrase can be understood as a metaphor for harmful words or accusations. The mouth, as a source of speech, can be a powerful tool for both good and evil. In the context of Job, it may refer to the destructive power of slander, lies, or verbal attacks. The assurance that God saves from the "sword in their mouth" highlights His ability to protect His people from the damaging effects of falsehoods and malicious speech, reinforcing the importance of truth and integrity.

and from the clutches
The word "clutches" suggests a grasp or hold, often with a connotation of entrapment or captivity. It evokes the image of being caught or ensnared by a powerful force. In the biblical narrative, God is frequently depicted as one who liberates His people from bondage and oppression. This phrase emphasizes God's power to break the chains that bind and to free those who are held captive by sin, fear, or injustice.

of the powerful
The "powerful" refers to those who wield authority, influence, or strength, often at the expense of others. In the ancient world, power was frequently abused, leading to the exploitation and oppression of the weak. The assurance that God saves from the clutches of the powerful is a testament to His justice and righteousness. It serves as a reminder that no earthly power can withstand the might of God, who champions the cause of the downtrodden and ensures that justice prevails.

So the poor have hope
The word "poor" in Hebrew is "עָנִי" (ani), which often refers to those who are afflicted, humble, or in a state of need. In the context of the Book of Job, the "poor" can be seen as those who are suffering or oppressed, much like Job himself. The phrase "have hope" is significant, as it suggests a future expectation of relief or deliverance. Biblically, hope is not merely wishful thinking but a confident expectation based on the character and promises of God. This hope is rooted in the belief that God is just and will ultimately vindicate the righteous and humble. Historically, the plight of the poor has been a central concern in the biblical narrative, with God often portrayed as their defender and provider. This verse reassures believers that despite current afflictions, there is a divine promise of hope and restoration.

and injustice shuts its mouth
The term "injustice" in Hebrew is "עַוְלָה" (avlah), which encompasses wrongdoing, unrighteousness, or moral perversity. The imagery of injustice "shutting its mouth" is powerful, suggesting the silencing or cessation of evil and corruption. In the ancient Near Eastern context, the mouth was often associated with speech and authority. Thus, the shutting of the mouth implies the end of unjust accusations or actions. This phrase reflects a deep-seated biblical theme where God, as the ultimate judge, will silence and put an end to all forms of injustice. It is a promise of divine intervention where truth and righteousness will prevail. For the faithful, this serves as a reminder that while injustice may seem rampant, it is temporary and will be ultimately subdued by God's sovereign justice. This assurance is a source of comfort and strength, encouraging believers to remain steadfast in their faith and trust in God's righteous judgment.

Behold
The word "Behold" is a call to attention, urging the listener or reader to pause and consider the significance of what follows. In Hebrew, this is often translated from "hinneh," which serves as an imperative to focus on a profound truth. It is a reminder that the wisdom being imparted is not to be taken lightly but is worthy of deep reflection and understanding.

blessed is the man
The term "blessed" in Hebrew is "ashrei," which conveys a state of happiness or contentment that comes from being in right standing with God. This phrase suggests that true blessedness is not found in material wealth or earthly success but in the spiritual condition of being aligned with God's will. The "man" here represents humanity, emphasizing that this blessing is available to all who seek God's correction.

whom God corrects
The act of correction is central to the relationship between God and His people. The Hebrew root for "corrects" is "yasar," which means to discipline or instruct. This correction is not punitive but is intended for growth and improvement. It reflects God's love and desire for His children to mature in faith and righteousness. Historically, this understanding of divine correction is seen throughout the Old Testament, where God disciplines Israel to bring them back to Him.

so do not despise
To "despise" in this context comes from the Hebrew "ma'as," meaning to reject or disdain. The admonition here is to embrace God's discipline rather than reject it. This is a call to humility, recognizing that God's ways are higher than our ways, and His discipline is a sign of His care and involvement in our lives.

the discipline of the Almighty
The "discipline" mentioned here is "musar" in Hebrew, which encompasses correction, instruction, and training. It is a comprehensive term that implies a process of learning and growth. The "Almighty," or "Shaddai," is a name for God that emphasizes His power and sovereignty. This phrase reassures believers that the discipline they experience is under the control of an all-powerful and loving God, who uses it for their ultimate good.

For He wounds
The Hebrew word for "wounds" here is "makah," which implies a deliberate act of striking or inflicting pain. In the context of Job, this phrase acknowledges God's sovereignty and His role in allowing suffering. Historically, this reflects the ancient Near Eastern understanding of divine retribution and discipline. Theologically, it suggests that God permits trials as a means of refining and testing faith, much like a loving father disciplines a child for their growth and betterment.

but He also binds
The term "binds" comes from the Hebrew "chabash," which means to bandage or heal. This phrase highlights God's dual role as both the one who allows affliction and the one who provides comfort and restoration. In the ancient world, binding wounds was a common practice, symbolizing care and healing. Scripturally, this reflects God's compassionate nature, as seen in passages like Psalm 147:3, "He heals the brokenhearted and binds up their wounds." It reassures believers that God's intention is not to harm but to ultimately restore and heal.

He strikes
The word "strikes" is translated from the Hebrew "nakah," similar to "makah," emphasizing the act of smiting or inflicting a blow. This phrase reinforces the idea of God's active involvement in the trials of life. Historically, this reflects the belief that God is just and that His actions, though sometimes severe, are purposeful. It serves as a reminder that God's discipline is not arbitrary but is part of His divine plan for growth and maturity in faith.

but His hands also heal
The phrase "His hands also heal" uses the Hebrew "rapha," meaning to restore or make whole. This imagery of God's hands conveys intimacy and personal care, suggesting that God is not distant but actively involved in the healing process. In the biblical context, healing is not just physical but also spiritual and emotional. This phrase assures believers of God's ultimate purpose to bring about wholeness and restoration, aligning with the broader biblical narrative of redemption and renewal.

He will rescue you
This phrase emphasizes God's active role as a deliverer. The Hebrew root for "rescue" is "נָצַל" (natsal), which conveys the idea of snatching away or delivering from danger. Throughout the Bible, God is portrayed as a savior who intervenes in the lives of His people, providing protection and deliverance. This assurance of divine rescue is a recurring theme, reflecting God's covenantal faithfulness and His commitment to His people.

from six calamities
The number "six" in Hebrew thought often symbolizes incompleteness or imperfection, as opposed to the number seven, which signifies completeness. The use of "six calamities" suggests a series of trials or adversities that are not yet complete. Historically, the people of Israel faced numerous challenges, from slavery in Egypt to exile in Babylon. This phrase reassures believers that God is present through every trial, no matter how numerous or severe.

no harm will touch you
The promise of protection is profound here. The Hebrew word for "harm" is "רָעָה" (ra'ah), which can mean evil, distress, or adversity. The assurance that "no harm will touch you" speaks to God's sovereign power to shield His people from ultimate destruction. This does not imply a life free from suffering but rather a divine protection that ensures the believer's ultimate well-being and spiritual safety.

in seven
The number "seven" is significant in biblical literature, often representing completeness or perfection. It is seen in the seven days of creation, the sevenfold Spirit of God, and the seven churches in Revelation. The phrase "in seven" suggests that even when trials reach their full measure, God's protection remains steadfast. This reflects the belief that God's plans are perfect and complete, and His protection is all-encompassing.

In famine
The Hebrew word for "famine" is "רָעָב" (ra'av), which signifies a severe scarcity of food. Historically, famine was a common and devastating occurrence in the ancient Near East, often seen as a divine judgment or a test of faith. In the context of Job, famine symbolizes extreme deprivation and hardship. The promise here is that God will provide sustenance and deliverance even in the most desperate times, reflecting His sovereignty and care over creation.

He will redeem you
The term "redeem" comes from the Hebrew "פָּדָה" (padah), meaning to rescue or deliver. This word is rich with theological significance, often used in the context of God delivering His people from bondage or danger. In the conservative Christian perspective, this foreshadows the ultimate redemption through Christ. The assurance of redemption in times of famine underscores God's role as a savior and protector, emphasizing His power to transform dire circumstances into opportunities for divine intervention.

from death
"Death" in Hebrew is "מָוֶת" (mavet), representing the ultimate end and separation from life. In ancient times, death was often seen as an enemy or a force to be reckoned with. The promise of being redeemed from death highlights God's authority over life and death, offering hope and assurance of His ability to preserve life against all odds. This reflects the Christian belief in eternal life through faith in God.

and in battle
The phrase "in battle" refers to conflict and warfare, common realities in the ancient world. The Hebrew word for battle is "מִלְחָמָה" (milchamah), which encompasses both physical and spiritual struggles. This phrase suggests that God’s protection extends beyond natural disasters to human conflicts, reinforcing the idea that He is a refuge and strength in all forms of adversity.

from the stroke of the sword
The "stroke of the sword" symbolizes imminent danger and violence, with the sword being a common weapon in biblical times. The Hebrew word for "sword" is "חֶרֶב" (cherev), often associated with judgment and warfare. Deliverance from the sword indicates God's power to protect His people from physical harm and aggression. This assurance of divine protection serves as a reminder of God's omnipotence and His commitment to safeguarding those who trust in Him.

You will be hidden
The phrase "you will be hidden" suggests divine protection and concealment. In the Hebrew context, the word used here can imply being covered or shielded. This imagery is reminiscent of God's protective nature, as seen throughout the Psalms, where God is often described as a refuge or fortress. The idea is that God provides a safe haven, away from harm and danger, emphasizing His role as a protector of the faithful.

from the scourge of the tongue
The "scourge of the tongue" refers to harmful words, slander, or false accusations. In ancient times, as today, words could be as damaging as physical blows. The Hebrew word for "scourge" can also mean a whip or lash, indicating the painful impact of malicious speech. This phrase underscores the power of words and the potential for verbal attacks to cause deep wounds. The assurance here is that God will shield His people from such verbal assaults, highlighting the importance of integrity and divine justice.

and need not fear
The phrase "and need not fear" is a call to trust and confidence in God's protection. Fear is a common human response to threats, but this assurance encourages believers to rely on God's sovereignty and care. The Hebrew root for "fear" often conveys a sense of dread or terror, but here it is negated, suggesting that with God, there is no need for such anxiety. This reflects a recurring biblical theme: faith in God dispels fear.

destruction when it comes
"Destruction when it comes" speaks to the inevitable challenges and calamities that life may bring. The Hebrew word for "destruction" can also mean ruin or calamity, often associated with divine judgment or natural disasters. The phrase acknowledges the reality of life's trials but simultaneously offers reassurance. The promise is that, even in the face of potential ruin, God's protection remains steadfast. This echoes the broader biblical narrative of God's faithfulness amidst adversity, encouraging believers to remain steadfast in their faith.

You will laugh
The phrase "you will laugh" suggests a profound sense of confidence and peace. In the Hebrew context, laughter often symbolizes joy, triumph, or a release from fear. This is not a mocking laughter but one of relief and assurance. The Hebrew word "sachaq" can mean to laugh in joy or to play, indicating a state of being untroubled by external circumstances. In the conservative Christian perspective, this laughter is a result of faith and trust in God's sovereignty and protection.

at destruction and famine
"Destruction" and "famine" are powerful symbols of chaos and need. In the ancient Near Eastern context, these were common threats that could devastate communities. The Hebrew word for destruction, "shod," implies violence and ruin, while "ra'av" for famine indicates severe scarcity. The promise here is that the faithful will not be overwhelmed by these calamities. Historically, God's people have faced such trials, yet the assurance is that they will not be consumed by them, reflecting God's provision and care.

and need not fear
The phrase "need not fear" is a recurring biblical theme, emphasizing trust in God. The Hebrew root "yare" for fear often denotes a deep, paralyzing dread. However, the assurance given here is that such fear is unnecessary for those who trust in God. This aligns with the broader biblical narrative where God repeatedly tells His people to "fear not," reinforcing His role as protector and provider.

the beasts of the earth
"The beasts of the earth" can be understood both literally and metaphorically. Literally, it refers to wild animals that posed real threats to people in ancient times. Metaphorically, it can represent chaotic forces or adversaries. The Hebrew word "chayyah" for beasts can also imply life or living creatures, suggesting that even the most untamed aspects of creation are under God's control. In a conservative Christian view, this highlights God's dominion over all creation and His ability to protect His people from any harm, whether natural or spiritual.

For you will have a covenant
The word "covenant" in Hebrew is "בְּרִית" (berit), which signifies a solemn agreement or promise. In the biblical context, covenants are often divine promises made by God to His people, such as the covenants with Noah, Abraham, and Moses. Here, the use of "covenant" suggests a divine assurance of protection and harmony. It implies that God will establish a relationship of peace and security for the faithful, extending even to the natural world.

with the stones of the field
The phrase "stones of the field" can be understood both literally and metaphorically. Literally, it refers to the physical stones that one might encounter in agricultural or pastoral settings. Metaphorically, stones often symbolize strength, permanence, and stability in Scripture. The idea of having a covenant with the stones suggests a harmonious relationship with the land itself, indicating that the earth will not be a source of harm or hindrance. This reflects the biblical theme of creation being in harmony with humanity when aligned with God's will.

and the wild animals
The Hebrew term for "wild animals" is "חַיָּה" (chayyah), which encompasses all living creatures, particularly those that are untamed. In the ancient Near Eastern context, wild animals often represented chaos and danger. The promise that these creatures will be at peace with the faithful is a powerful image of divine protection and the restoration of order. It echoes the prophetic visions of peace in Isaiah, where the wolf dwells with the lamb, symbolizing a return to Edenic harmony.

will be at peace with you
The concept of "peace" in Hebrew is "שָׁלוֹם" (shalom), which means more than just the absence of conflict. It encompasses completeness, welfare, and harmony. The promise that wild animals will be at peace with the faithful suggests a profound transformation of the natural order, where potential threats are neutralized, and a state of well-being is established. This reflects the biblical hope for a future where God's kingdom brings peace to all creation, as seen in the eschatological visions of the prophets.

You will know
The Hebrew word used here is "יָדַע" (yada), which implies a deep, intimate knowledge or understanding. In the context of this verse, it suggests a profound assurance and confidence that comes from a relationship with God. This knowledge is not merely intellectual but experiential, reflecting a trust in God's providence and protection.

that your tent is secure
The "tent" symbolizes one's dwelling place or household. In ancient times, a tent was a common dwelling, representing the entirety of one's domestic life. The Hebrew word "אָהֶל" (ohel) for tent conveys a sense of temporariness and pilgrimage, reminding believers that earthly life is transient. The word "secure" comes from the Hebrew "שָׁלוֹם" (shalom), which means peace, completeness, or safety. This phrase assures the believer of God's protection over their home, providing peace and stability amidst life's uncertainties.

and find nothing amiss
The phrase "find nothing amiss" suggests a thorough examination or inspection, derived from the Hebrew "פָּקַד" (paqad), meaning to visit, attend to, or oversee. This implies a diligent and careful assessment of one's life and circumstances. The promise here is that upon such examination, there will be no cause for concern or distress, highlighting God's provision and care.

when inspecting your home
The word "inspecting" is rooted in the Hebrew "בָּקַר" (baqar), which means to seek, inquire, or investigate. This indicates a proactive approach to managing one's household, ensuring everything is in order. The "home" or "נָוֶה" (naveh) in Hebrew, refers to a place of habitation or pasture, symbolizing not just physical structures but the well-being of one's family and possessions. This phrase reassures believers that their diligent stewardship, under God's guidance, will result in harmony and prosperity.

You will know
This phrase suggests a deep, assured understanding or realization. In the Hebrew context, the word often translated as "know" (יָדַע, yada) implies an intimate, experiential knowledge. It is not merely intellectual but involves a certainty that comes from personal experience or divine revelation. In the context of Job, this assurance is a promise of future blessing and prosperity, a stark contrast to Job's current suffering. It reflects the biblical theme that God’s people can have confidence in His promises, even amidst trials.

that your offspring will be many
The promise of numerous offspring is a recurring theme in the Bible, often associated with God’s covenant blessings. The Hebrew word for "offspring" (זֶרַע, zera) can mean seed, descendants, or progeny. This promise echoes the Abrahamic covenant, where God promised Abraham that his descendants would be as numerous as the stars (Genesis 15:5). In the ancient Near Eastern context, having many descendants was a sign of divine favor and legacy. It assured the continuation of one's name and influence, a significant concern in a patriarchal society.

and your descendants
The term "descendants" (נֶכֶד, neched) refers to future generations. This word emphasizes the continuity and longevity of one's family line. In biblical times, the prosperity and survival of one's descendants were seen as a direct blessing from God. This assurance to Job, therefore, is not just about personal restoration but about the enduring legacy and impact of his life through his family.

like the grass of the earth
The imagery of grass (חָצִיר, chatsir) is rich in biblical literature. Grass is often used to symbolize abundance and vitality due to its widespread and prolific nature. However, it can also represent transience, as grass withers quickly (Isaiah 40:6-8). In this context, the comparison to grass emphasizes the vast number and spread of Job’s descendants, suggesting a flourishing and thriving family line. It is a promise of restoration and hope, indicating that despite current afflictions, Job’s future holds growth and renewal.

You will come to the grave
This phrase speaks to the inevitable journey of life towards its earthly conclusion. In the Hebrew context, the word for "grave" is "קֶבֶר" (qeber), which signifies a burial place or tomb. The imagery here is not one of fear or despair but of a natural progression. In the ancient Near Eastern culture, death was often seen as a return to the earth, a completion of one's earthly journey. The assurance given is that this journey will be completed with dignity and fulfillment.

in full vigor
The Hebrew word for "vigor" is "כֹּחַ" (koach), which denotes strength, power, or ability. This phrase suggests a life lived to its fullest potential, with strength and vitality. It implies that the individual will not be cut down prematurely but will reach the end of life with energy and purpose intact. In the biblical context, this is a blessing, reflecting a life that has been fruitful and complete, aligning with the wisdom literature's emphasis on living righteously and wisely.

like a sheaf of grain
The imagery of a "sheaf of grain" is rich with agricultural symbolism. In ancient Israel, grain was a staple of life, and the harvest was a time of joy and thanksgiving. The sheaf represents the culmination of a season's work, gathered and ready for use. This metaphor suggests that a life well-lived is like a harvest, full and ready to be gathered. It reflects the biblical theme of reaping what one sows, emphasizing the importance of living a life that bears good fruit.

gathered in season
The phrase "in season" indicates the right time, the appointed time for harvest. In Hebrew, the concept of "season" is often tied to God's ordained times and purposes. This suggests that the end of life comes at the right time, according to God's perfect plan. It reassures the believer that their life and death are in God's hands, and that they will be gathered to Him at the appropriate time, much like the harvest is gathered when it is ripe. This aligns with the biblical understanding of God's sovereignty and timing in all things.

We have examined this
The phrase "We have examined this" suggests a thorough investigation or consideration. In the context of the Book of Job, this is part of Eliphaz's speech, where he claims to have derived wisdom from experience and tradition. The Hebrew root for "examined" is "חָקַר" (chaqar), which means to search out or investigate. This implies a deep, careful scrutiny, suggesting that the speaker believes his insights are well-founded. Historically, wisdom literature in the ancient Near East often relied on the authority of tradition and collective experience, which Eliphaz appeals to here.

and it is true
The assertion "and it is true" reflects a confidence in the validity of the speaker's conclusions. The Hebrew word for "true" is "אֱמֶת" (emet), which conveys not only truth but also faithfulness and reliability. In the conservative Christian perspective, truth is aligned with God's nature, as God is the ultimate source of truth. Eliphaz's claim here is that his understanding aligns with divine truth, although the broader narrative of Job challenges the completeness of his perspective.

So hear it
The imperative "So hear it" is a call to listen and consider the wisdom being imparted. The Hebrew word "שָׁמַע" (shama) means to hear, listen, or obey. In biblical terms, hearing is often linked with obedience and understanding. This reflects a common theme in wisdom literature, where the audience is urged to listen to wise counsel. In the context of Job, it underscores the tension between human wisdom and divine revelation.

and apply it to yourself
The phrase "and apply it to yourself" is an exhortation to take the wisdom offered and make it personal. The Hebrew root "יָדַע" (yada) can mean to know or to make known, suggesting an intimate, experiential knowledge. This reflects the biblical principle that wisdom is not merely theoretical but practical, meant to be lived out. In the conservative Christian view, applying wisdom involves aligning one's life with God's will and purposes. Eliphaz's advice, while well-intentioned, is part of the dialogue that ultimately points to the need for divine wisdom beyond human understanding.