Ezekiel 18:18
New International Version
But his father will die for his own sin, because he practiced extortion, robbed his brother and did what was wrong among his people.

New Living Translation
But the father will die for his many sins—for being cruel, robbing people, and doing what was clearly wrong among his people.

English Standard Version
As for his father, because he practiced extortion, robbed his brother, and did what is not good among his people, behold, he shall die for his iniquity.

Berean Standard Bible
As for his father, he will die for his own iniquity, because he practiced extortion, robbed his brother, and did what was wrong among his people.

King James Bible
As for his father, because he cruelly oppressed, spoiled his brother by violence, and did that which is not good among his people, lo, even he shall die in his iniquity.

New King James Version
As for his father, Because he cruelly oppressed, Robbed his brother by violence, And did what is not good among his people, Behold, he shall die for his iniquity.

New American Standard Bible
As for his father, because he practiced extortion, robbed his brother, and did what was not good among his people, behold, he will die for his guilt.

NASB 1995
“As for his father, because he practiced extortion, robbed his brother and did what was not good among his people, behold, he will die for his iniquity.

NASB 1977
“As for his father, because he practiced extortion, robbed his brother, and did what was not good among his people, behold, he will die for his iniquity.

Legacy Standard Bible
As for his father, because he practiced extortion, robbed his brother, and did what was not good among his people, behold, he will die for his iniquity.

Amplified Bible
As for his father, because he practiced extortion, robbed his brother, and did that which is not good among his people, behold, he shall die for his sin.

Christian Standard Bible
“As for his father, he will die for his own iniquity because he practiced fraud, robbed his brother, and did among his people what was not good.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
As for his father, he will die for his own iniquity because he practiced fraud, robbed his brother, and did what was wrong among his people.

American Standard Version
As for his father, because he cruelly oppressed, robbed his brother, and did that which is not good among his people, behold, he shall die in his iniquity.

Contemporary English Version
It is his father who will die for cheating and robbing and doing evil.

English Revised Version
As for his father, because he cruelly oppressed, spoiled his brother by violence, and did that which is not good among his people, behold, he shall die in his iniquity.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
But his father has oppressed others, robbed his relative, and done what is wrong among his people. So the father will die because of his sin.

Good News Translation
His father, on the other hand, cheated and robbed and always did evil to everyone. And so he died because of the sins he himself had committed.

International Standard Version
As for his father, watch out! If he wrongfully oppressed or robbed his brother and did what wasn't good among his people, he'll die because of his own sin."

Majority Standard Bible
As for his father, he will die for his own iniquity, because he practiced extortion, robbed his brother, and did what was wrong among his people.

NET Bible
As for his father, because he practices extortion, robs his brother, and does what is not good among his people, he will die for his iniquity.

New Heart English Bible
As for his father, because he cruelly oppressed, robbed his brother, and did that which is not good among his people, look, he shall die in his iniquity.

Webster's Bible Translation
As for his father, because he cruelly oppressed, stripped his brother by violence, and did that which is not good among his people, lo, even he shall die in his iniquity.

World English Bible
As for his father, because he cruelly oppressed, robbed his brother, and did that which is not good among his people, behold, he will die in his iniquity.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
His father—because he used oppression, "" Violently plundered a brother, "" And did that which [is] not good in the midst of his people, "" And behold, he is dying in his iniquity.

Young's Literal Translation
His father -- because he used oppression, Did violently Plunder a brother, And that which is not good did in the midst of his people, And lo, he is dying in his iniquity.

Smith's Literal Translation
His father because oppressing, he oppressed, stripping off, he stripped off the brother, and he did not good in the midst of my people, and behold him dying in his iniquity.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
As for his father, because he oppressed and offered violence to his brother, and wrought evil in the midst of his people, behold he is dead in his own iniquity.

Catholic Public Domain Version
As for his father, because he oppressed and did violence to his brother, and worked evil in the midst of his people, behold, he has died by his own iniquity.

New American Bible
Only the father, since he committed extortion and robbed his brother, and did what was not good among his people—he will die because of his sin!

New Revised Standard Version
As for his father, because he practiced extortion, robbed his brother, and did what is not good among his people, he dies for his iniquity.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
As for his father, because he cruelly oppressed and extorted from his brother and did nothing that is good among his people, lo, he is dead in his own sins.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
But his father, because he oppressed with oppression and was fraudulent with fraud to his brother, and he did nothing that is beautiful for his people, he dies in his sins
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
As for his father, because he cruelly oppressed, committed robbery on his brother, and did that which is not good among his people, behold, he dieth for his iniquity.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
But if his father grievously afflict, or plunder, he has wrought enmity in the midst of my people, and shall die in his iniquity.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
A Proverb about Israel
17He withholds his hand from harming the poor and takes no interest or usury. He keeps My ordinances and follows My statutes. Such a man will not die for his father’s iniquity. He will surely live. 18As for his father, he will die for his own iniquity, because he practiced extortion, robbed his brother, and did what was wrong among his people.

Cross References
Jeremiah 31:29-30
“In those days, it will no longer be said: ‘The fathers have eaten sour grapes, and the teeth of the children are set on edge.’ / Instead, each will die for his own iniquity. If anyone eats the sour grapes, his own teeth will be set on edge.

Deuteronomy 24:16
Fathers shall not be put to death for their children, nor children for their fathers; each is to die for his own sin.

2 Kings 14:6
Yet he did not put the sons of the murderers to death, but acted according to what is written in the Book of the Law of Moses, where the LORD commanded: “Fathers must not be put to death for their children, and children must not be put to death for their fathers; each is to die for his own sin.”

2 Chronicles 25:4
Yet he did not put their sons to death, but acted according to what is written in the Law, in the Book of Moses, where the LORD commanded: “Fathers must not be put to death for their children, and children must not be put to death for their fathers; each is to die for his own sin.”

Romans 2:6-9
God “will repay each one according to his deeds.” / To those who by perseverance in doing good seek glory, honor, and immortality, He will give eternal life. / But for those who are self-seeking and who reject the truth and follow wickedness, there will be wrath and anger. ...

Galatians 6:7-8
Do not be deceived: God is not to be mocked. Whatever a man sows, he will reap in return. / The one who sows to please his flesh, from the flesh will reap destruction; but the one who sows to please the Spirit, from the Spirit will reap eternal life.

Proverbs 11:21
Be assured that the wicked will not go unpunished, but the offspring of the righteous will escape.

Proverbs 13:21
Disaster pursues sinners, but prosperity is the reward of the righteous.

Jeremiah 32:18-19
You show loving devotion to thousands but lay the iniquity of the fathers into the laps of their children after them, O great and mighty God whose name is the LORD of Hosts, / the One great in counsel and mighty in deed, whose eyes are on all the ways of the sons of men, to reward each one according to his ways and according to the fruit of his deeds.

Matthew 16:27
For the Son of Man will come in His Father’s glory with His angels, and then He will repay each one according to what he has done.

Romans 14:12
So then, each of us will give an account of himself to God.

1 Peter 1:17
Since you call on a Father who judges each one’s work impartially, conduct yourselves in reverent fear during your stay as foreigners.

Revelation 20:12-13
And I saw the dead, great and small, standing before the throne. And books were opened, and one of them was the Book of Life. And the dead were judged according to their deeds, as recorded in the books. / The sea gave up its dead, and Death and Hades gave up their dead, and each one was judged according to his deeds.

Job 21:19-21
It is said that God lays up one’s punishment for his children. Let God repay the man himself, so he will know it. / Let his eyes see his own destruction; let him drink for himself the wrath of the Almighty. / For what does he care about his household after him, when the number of his months has run out?

Isaiah 3:11
Woe to the wicked; disaster is upon them! For they will be repaid with what their hands have done.


Treasury of Scripture

As for his father, because he cruelly oppressed, spoiled his brother by violence, and did that which is not good among his people, see, even he shall die in his iniquity.

even

Ezekiel 18:4,20,24,26
Behold, all souls are mine; as the soul of the father, so also the soul of the son is mine: the soul that sinneth, it shall die…

Ezekiel 3:18
When I say unto the wicked, Thou shalt surely die; and thou givest him not warning, nor speakest to warn the wicked from his wicked way, to save his life; the same wicked man shall die in his iniquity; but his blood will I require at thine hand.

Isaiah 3:11
Woe unto the wicked! it shall be ill with him: for the reward of his hands shall be given him.

Jump to Previous
Committed Cruel Cruelly Death Die Dieth Dying Evil-Doing Extortion Force Good Goods Iniquity Lo Oppressed Oppression Overtake Plunder Practiced Practised Robbed Robbery Sin Spoiled Stripped Used Violence Violently Wrong
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Committed Cruel Cruelly Death Die Dieth Dying Evil-Doing Extortion Force Good Goods Iniquity Lo Oppressed Oppression Overtake Plunder Practiced Practised Robbed Robbery Sin Spoiled Stripped Used Violence Violently Wrong
Ezekiel 18
1. God defends his justice
31. and exhorts to repentance














As for his father
This phrase introduces the subject of the verse, focusing on the generational aspect of sin and responsibility. In the Hebrew context, the term for "father" (אָב, 'av) often signifies not just a biological parent but an ancestor or a patriarchal figure. The emphasis here is on personal accountability, a recurring theme in Ezekiel, where each individual is responsible for their own actions, regardless of their lineage.

he will die
The Hebrew word for "die" (מוּת, muth) is a straightforward term for physical death, but in the prophetic literature, it often carries a deeper spiritual implication. Death here is not just the cessation of life but a consequence of sin, reflecting the divine justice of God. This underscores the principle that sin leads to death, a theme echoed throughout Scripture, notably in Romans 6:23.

for his own iniquity
"Iniquity" (עָוֹן, avon) refers to moral perversity or guilt. The phrase emphasizes personal responsibility for one's sins. In the historical context of Israel, this was a radical departure from the belief that children bore the punishment for their parents' sins. Ezekiel's message is clear: each person stands before God accountable for their own actions.

because he practiced extortion
The term "extortion" (עָשַׁק, ashaq) involves oppression or unjust gain, often through violence or deceit. In ancient Israel, such practices were condemned as they violated the covenantal laws of justice and righteousness. This highlights the social dimension of sin, where personal iniquity has communal repercussions, disrupting the harmony and justice God intended for His people.

robbed his brother
"Robbed" (גָּזַל, gazal) implies taking by force or deceit. The use of "brother" (אָח, ach) here is significant, as it denotes not just a familial relationship but a fellow member of the covenant community. This act of robbery is not just a personal sin but a breach of the communal trust and solidarity that God commanded among His people.

and did what was wrong
The phrase "did what was wrong" (עָשָׂה לֹא טוֹב, asah lo tov) is a general expression for committing evil or unrighteous acts. In the Hebrew mindset, "good" (טוֹב, tov) is aligned with God's will and order, while "not good" signifies rebellion against divine law. This highlights the moral and ethical dimensions of sin, where actions contrary to God's nature are deemed wrong.

among his people
This phrase situates the father's actions within the community context. The Hebrew term for "people" (עַם, am) refers to the collective identity of Israel as God's chosen nation. The sins committed are not in isolation but affect the entire community, emphasizing the interconnectedness of individual actions and communal well-being. This serves as a reminder of the covenantal responsibility each member has to uphold God's standards within the community.

(18) As for his father.--There is here a recurrence to the second case, to bring out more sharply the contrast between the two, and to emphasise the fact insisted upon, that each individual must be judged according to his own character, without help or prejudice from that of his father.

This third case was especially adapted to the prophet's purpose of refuting the proverb, because here was the father who had "eaten sour grapes," and his son's teeth were not to be set on edge.

Verse 18. - The reappearance of the father, with the same emphatic "lo!" seems to imply that Ezekiel thought of the two phenomena as possibly contemporaneous. Men might see before them, at the same time, the father dying in his sins, and the son turning from them and gaining the true life.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
As for his father,
אָבִ֞יו (’ā·ḇîw)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 1: Father

he will die
מֵ֖ת (mêṯ)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 4191: To die, to kill

for his own iniquity,
בַּעֲוֺנֽוֹ׃ (ba·‘ă·wō·nōw)
Preposition-b | Noun - common singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 5771: Iniquity, guilt, punishment for iniquity

because
כִּֽי־ (kî-)
Conjunction
Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction

he practiced
עָ֣שַׁק (‘ā·šaq)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 6231: To press upon, oppress, defraud, violate, overflow

extortion,
עֹ֗שֶׁק (‘ō·šeq)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 6233: Injury, fraud, distress, unjust gain

robbed
גָּזַל֙ (gā·zal)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1497: To pluck off, to flay, strip, rob

his brother,
אָ֔ח (’āḥ)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 251: A brother, )

and did
עָשָׂ֖ה (‘ā·śāh)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 6213: To do, make

what
וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר (wa·’ă·šer)
Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - relative
Strong's 834: Who, which, what, that, when, where, how, because, in order that

was wrong
לֹא־ (lō-)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

among
בְּת֣וֹךְ (bə·ṯō·wḵ)
Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 8432: A bisection, the centre

his people.
עַמָּ֑יו (‘am·māw)
Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 5971: A people, a tribe, troops, attendants, a flock


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OT Prophets: Ezekiel 18:18 As for his father because he cruelly (Ezek. Eze Ezk)
Ezekiel 18:17
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