Exodus 14:9
New International Version
The Egyptians—all Pharaoh’s horses and chariots, horsemen and troops—pursued the Israelites and overtook them as they camped by the sea near Pi Hahiroth, opposite Baal Zephon.

New Living Translation
The Egyptians chased after them with all the forces in Pharaoh’s army—all his horses and chariots, his charioteers, and his troops. The Egyptians caught up with the people of Israel as they were camped beside the shore near Pi-hahiroth, across from Baal-zephon.

English Standard Version
The Egyptians pursued them, all Pharaoh’s horses and chariots and his horsemen and his army, and overtook them encamped at the sea, by Pi-hahiroth, in front of Baal-zephon.

Berean Standard Bible
The Egyptians—all Pharaoh’s horses and chariots, horsemen and troops—pursued the Israelites and overtook them as they camped by the sea near Pi-hahiroth, opposite Baal-zephon.

King James Bible
But the Egyptians pursued after them, all the horses and chariots of Pharaoh, and his horsemen, and his army, and overtook them encamping by the sea, beside Pihahiroth, before Baalzephon.

New King James Version
So the Egyptians pursued them, all the horses and chariots of Pharaoh, his horsemen and his army, and overtook them camping by the sea beside Pi Hahiroth, before Baal Zephon.

New American Standard Bible
Then the Egyptians chased after them with all the horses and chariots of Pharaoh, his horsemen and his army, and they overtook them camping by the sea, beside Pi-hahiroth, in front of Baal-zephon.

NASB 1995
Then the Egyptians chased after them with all the horses and chariots of Pharaoh, his horsemen and his army, and they overtook them camping by the sea, beside Pi-hahiroth, in front of Baal-zephon.

NASB 1977
Then the Egyptians chased after them with all the horses and chariots of Pharaoh, his horsemen and his army, and they overtook them camping by the sea, beside Pi-hahiroth, in front of Baal-zephon.

Legacy Standard Bible
Then the Egyptians pursued them with all the horses and chariots of Pharaoh, his horsemen and his army, and they overtook them camping by the sea, beside Pi-hahiroth, in front of Baal-zephon.

Amplified Bible
The Egyptians chased them with all the horses and war-chariots of Pharaoh, his horsemen and his army, and they overtook them as they camped by the sea, beside Pi-hahiroth, in front of Baal-zephon.

Christian Standard Bible
The Egyptians—all Pharaoh’s horses and chariots, his horsemen, and his army—chased after them and caught up with them as they camped by the sea beside Pi-hahiroth, in front of Baal-zephon.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
The Egyptians—all Pharaoh’s horses and chariots, his horsemen, and his army—chased after them and caught up with them as they camped by the sea beside Pi-hahiroth, in front of Baal-zephon.

American Standard Version
And the Egyptians pursued after them, all the horses and chariots of Pharaoh, and his horsemen, and his army, and overtook them encamping by the sea, beside Pihahiroth, before Baal-zephon.

Contemporary English Version
But the king's horses and chariots and soldiers caught up with them while they were camping by the Red Sea near Pi-Hahiroth and Baal-Zephon.

English Revised Version
And the Egyptians pursued after them, all the horses and chariots of Pharaoh, and his horsemen, and his army, and overtook them encamping by the sea, beside Pi-hahiroth, before Baal-zephon.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
The Egyptians pursued the Israelites. Pharaoh's army, including all his horse-drawn chariots and cavalry, caught up with them as they were setting up their camp by the sea at Pi Hahiroth facing north.

Good News Translation
The Egyptian army, with all the horses, chariots, and drivers, pursued them and caught up with them where they were camped by the Red Sea near Pi Hahiroth and Baal Zephon.

International Standard Version
The Egyptians pursued them—all the chariot-horses of Pharaoh, along with his horsemen and army—and they overtook them camped by the sea, near Pi-hahiroth, in front of Baal Zephon.

Majority Standard Bible
The Egyptians—all Pharaoh’s horses and chariots, horsemen and troops—pursued the Israelites and overtook them as they camped by the sea near Pi-hahiroth, opposite Baal-zephon.

NET Bible
The Egyptians chased after them, and all the horses and chariots of Pharaoh and his horsemen and his army overtook them camping by the sea, beside Pi-hahiroth, before Baal-Zephon.

New Heart English Bible
The Egyptians pursued after them: all the horses and chariots of Pharaoh, his horsemen, and his army; and overtook them encamping by the sea, beside Pi-hahiroth, before Baal Zephon.

Webster's Bible Translation
But the Egyptians pursued them (all the horses and chariots of Pharaoh, and his horsemen, and his army) and overtook them encamping by the sea, beside Pi-hahiroth, before Baal-zephon.

World English Bible
The Egyptians pursued them. All the horses and chariots of Pharaoh, his horsemen, and his army overtook them encamping by the sea, beside Pihahiroth, before Baal Zephon.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
and the Egyptians pursue after them, and all the chariot horses of Pharaoh, and his horsemen, and his force, overtake them, encamping by the sea, by Pi-Hahiroth, before Ba‘al-Zephon.

Young's Literal Translation
and the Egyptians pursue after them, and all the chariot horses of Pharaoh, and his horsemen, and his force, overtake them, encamping by the sea, by Pi-Hahiroth, before Baal-Zephon.

Smith's Literal Translation
And the Egyptians will pursue after them, and they will enclose them, having encamped by the sea; all the horse, the chariots of Pharaoh, and his horsemen and his army, by the mouth of Hahiroth, before Baal-Zephon.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And when the Egyptians followed the steps of them who were gone before, they found them encamped at the sea side: all Pharao's horse and chariots, and the whole army were in Phihahiroth before Beelsephon.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And when the Egyptians followed the footsteps of those who preceded them, they found them in a camp above the sea. All the horses and chariots of Pharaoh, and the entire army, were in Pihahiroth, opposite Baal-zephon.

New American Bible
The Egyptians pursued them—all Pharaoh’s horses, his chariots, his horsemen, and his army—and caught up with them as they lay encamped by the sea, at Pi-hahiroth, in front of Baal-zephon.

New Revised Standard Version
The Egyptians pursued them, all Pharaoh’s horses and chariots, his chariot drivers and his army; they overtook them camped by the sea, by Pi-hahiroth, in front of Baal-zephon.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And the Egyptians pursued after them, all the horses and chariots of Pharaoh, and his horsemen and his army, and overtook them encamping by the inlet of Kheritha, before Baal-zephon.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And the Egyptians pursued after them and they overtook them when they camped by the sea; every horse of Pharaoh and his chariots and his horsemen and his army were camping on the mouth of Khritha opposite Baal Tsephon.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And the Egyptians pursued after them, all the horses and chariots of Pharaoh, and his horsemen, and his army, and overtook them encamping by the sea, beside Pi-hahiroth, in front of Baal-zephon.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And the Egyptians pursued after them, and found them encamped by the sea; and all the cavalry and the chariots of Pharao, and the horsemen, and his host were before the village, over against Beel-sepphon.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Pharaoh Pursues the Israelites
8And the LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt so that he pursued the Israelites, who were marching out defiantly. 9The Egyptians— all Pharaoh’s horses and chariots, horsemen and troops— pursued the Israelites and overtook them as they camped by the sea near Pi-hahiroth, opposite Baal-zephon. 10As Pharaoh approached, the Israelites looked up and saw the Egyptians marching after them, and they were terrified and cried out to the LORD.…

Cross References
Joshua 24:6-7
When I brought your fathers out of Egypt and you reached the Red Sea, the Egyptians pursued them with chariots and horsemen as far as the Red Sea. / So your fathers cried out to the LORD, and He put darkness between you and the Egyptians, over whom He brought the sea and engulfed them. Your very eyes saw what I did to the Egyptians. Then you lived in the wilderness for a long time.

Nehemiah 9:9-11
You saw the affliction of our fathers in Egypt; You heard their cry at the Red Sea. / You performed signs and wonders against Pharaoh, all his officials, and all the people of his land, for You knew they had acted with arrogance against our fathers. You made a name for Yourself that endures to this day. / You divided the sea before them, and they crossed through it on dry ground. You hurled their pursuers into the depths like a stone into raging waters.

Psalm 106:7-11
Our fathers in Egypt did not grasp Your wonders or remember Your abundant kindness; but they rebelled by the sea, there at the Red Sea. / Yet He saved them for the sake of His name, to make His power known. / He rebuked the Red Sea, and it dried up; He led them through the depths as through a desert. ...

Isaiah 51:9-10
Awake, awake, put on strength, O arm of the LORD. Wake up as in days past, as in generations of old. Was it not You who cut Rahab to pieces, who pierced through the dragon? / Was it not You who dried up the sea, the waters of the great deep, who made a road in the depths of the sea for the redeemed to cross over?

Acts 7:36
He led them out and performed wonders and signs in the land of Egypt, at the Red Sea, and for forty years in the wilderness.

Hebrews 11:29
By faith the people passed through the Red Sea as on dry land; but when the Egyptians tried to follow, they were drowned.

1 Corinthians 10:1-2
I do not want you to be unaware, brothers, that our forefathers were all under the cloud, and that they all passed through the sea. / They were all baptized into Moses in the cloud and in the sea.

Psalm 77:16-20
The waters saw You, O God; the waters saw You and swirled; even the depths were shaken. / The clouds poured down water; the skies resounded with thunder; Your arrows flashed back and forth. / Your thunder resounded in the whirlwind; the lightning lit up the world; the earth trembled and quaked. ...

Psalm 78:12-13
He worked wonders before their fathers in the land of Egypt, in the region of Zoan. / He split the sea and brought them through; He set the waters upright like a wall.

Isaiah 63:11-13
Then His people remembered the days of old, the days of Moses. Where is He who brought them through the sea with the shepherds of His flock? Where is the One who set His Holy Spirit among them, / who sent His glorious arm to lead them by the right hand of Moses, who divided the waters before them to gain for Himself everlasting renown, / who led them through the depths like a horse in the wilderness, so that they did not stumble?

Romans 9:17-18
For the Scripture says to Pharaoh: “I raised you up for this very purpose, that I might display My power in you, and that My name might be proclaimed in all the earth.” / Therefore God has mercy on whom He wants to have mercy, and He hardens whom He wants to harden.

Exodus 15:4-5
Pharaoh’s chariots and army He has cast into the sea; the finest of his officers are drowned in the Red Sea. / The depths have covered them; they sank there like a stone.

Deuteronomy 11:4
what He did to the Egyptian army and horses and chariots when He made the waters of the Red Sea engulf them as they pursued you, and how He destroyed them completely, even to this day;

Joshua 2:10
For we have heard how the LORD dried up the waters of the Red Sea before you when you came out of Egypt, and what you did to Sihon and Og, the two kings of the Amorites across the Jordan, whom you devoted to destruction.

Judges 11:16
But when Israel came up out of Egypt, they traveled through the wilderness to the Red Sea and came to Kadesh.


Treasury of Scripture

But the Egyptians pursued after them, all the horses and chariots of Pharaoh, and his horsemen, and his army, and overtook them encamping by the sea, beside Pihahiroth, before Baalzephon.

the Egyptians

Exodus 15:9
The enemy said, I will pursue, I will overtake, I will divide the spoil; my lust shall be satisfied upon them; I will draw my sword, my hand shall destroy them.

Joshua 24:6
And I brought your fathers out of Egypt: and ye came unto the sea; and the Egyptians pursued after your fathers with chariots and horsemen unto the Red sea.

encamping

Exodus 14:2
Speak unto the children of Israel, that they turn and encamp before Pihahiroth, between Migdol and the sea, over against Baalzephon: before it shall ye encamp by the sea.

Jump to Previous
Army Baal Baalzephon Baal-Zephon Camped Camping Carriages Chariot Chariots Chased Egyptians Encamped Encamping Front Hahiroth Horsemen Horses Israelites Overtook Pharaoh Pharaoh's Pi Pihahiroth Pi-Hahiroth Pi-Ha-Hi'roth Pursue Pursued Sea Tents Zephon
Jump to Next
Army Baal Baalzephon Baal-Zephon Camped Camping Carriages Chariot Chariots Chased Egyptians Encamped Encamping Front Hahiroth Horsemen Horses Israelites Overtook Pharaoh Pharaoh's Pi Pihahiroth Pi-Hahiroth Pi-Ha-Hi'roth Pursue Pursued Sea Tents Zephon
Exodus 14
1. God instructs the Israelites in their journey
5. Pharaoh pursues after them
10. The Israelites murmur
13. Moses comforts them
15. God instructs Moses
19. The cloud removes behind the camp
21. The Israelites pass through the Red sea, which drowns the Egyptians














The Egyptians
This phrase refers to the people of Egypt, specifically the military forces under Pharaoh's command. In Hebrew, "Mitzrayim" is the term used, which not only denotes the nation but also symbolizes oppression and bondage, as Egypt was the land where the Israelites were enslaved. Historically, Egypt was a powerful and advanced civilization, known for its military prowess and strategic capabilities.

all Pharaoh’s horses and chariots
The mention of "all" emphasizes the totality and might of the Egyptian military force. Chariots were a significant part of ancient warfare, representing speed, strength, and technological advancement. The Hebrew word for chariot, "rekeb," indicates a formidable military unit. This phrase underscores the overwhelming odds against the Israelites, highlighting the miraculous nature of their eventual deliverance.

horsemen and troops
This phrase further details the composition of the Egyptian army. "Horsemen" refers to the cavalry, which was a crucial component of ancient military strategy, providing mobility and a tactical advantage. "Troops" indicates the foot soldiers, the backbone of any ancient army. The combination of these forces illustrates the comprehensive military effort Pharaoh employed to recapture the Israelites.

pursued and overtook
The verbs "pursued" and "overtook" convey a sense of urgency and determination. In Hebrew, "radaph" (pursued) implies a relentless chase, while "nasag" (overtook) suggests catching up with the intent to capture or destroy. This reflects Pharaoh's hardened heart and his refusal to let the Israelites go, despite the plagues and previous warnings from God.

the Israelites
This term refers to the descendants of Jacob, also known as Israel. In Hebrew, "Yisrael" means "God prevails," which is significant in this context as it foreshadows the divine intervention that will soon occur. The Israelites were God's chosen people, set apart to fulfill His covenant and purpose.

as they camped by the sea
This phrase sets the scene for the impending miracle. The Israelites were encamped by the Red Sea, a seemingly vulnerable position with no apparent escape route. The Hebrew word "chanah" (camped) suggests a temporary dwelling, indicating their transient state and dependence on God's guidance.

near Pi-hahiroth, opposite Baal-zephon
These geographical markers provide historical and archaeological context. "Pi-hahiroth" is believed to be a location near the Red Sea, though its exact location remains uncertain. "Baal-zephon" was likely a place associated with a Canaanite deity, symbolizing the spiritual battle between the God of Israel and the false gods of the surrounding nations. This setting underscores the theme of God's sovereignty and power over all creation.

(9) All the horses and chariots of Pharaoh.--Heb., all the chariot-horses of Pharaoh.

And his horsemen.--It is questioned whether "horsemen" are really intended here, and suggested that the word used may apply to the "riders" in the chariots. But it certainly means "horsemen" in the later books of Scripture, and, indeed, is the only Hebrew word having exactly that signification. Though the Egyptians do not represent cavalry in any of their battle pieces, yet there is abundant testimony that they employed them. Diodorus Siculus gives his Sesostris 24,000 cavalry to 27,000 chariots (Book i. 54, ? 4). Shishak invaded Judaea with 60,000 (2Chronicles 12:3). Herodotus makes Amasis lead an army on horseback (ii. 162). The Egyptian monuments appear to make frequent mention of cavalry as forming a portion of the armed force. (Records of the Past, vol. ii., pp. 68, 70, 72, 83, &c, vol. iv., 41, 44, 45, &c.) It is suspected that some conventional rules of art prevented the representation of cavalry in the sculptures, which never show us an Egyptian, and but rarely a foreigner, on horseback.

And his army--i.e., his infantry. The host of this Pharaoh, like that of Shishak (2Chronicles 12:3), consisted apparently of the three arms, cavalry infantry, and chariots.

Verse 9. - All the horses and chariots of Pharaoh Rather, "all the chariot horses." There is no "and" in the original. His horsemen. Rather "his riders," or "mounted men " - i.e., those who rode in the chariots. That the Egyptians had a powerful cavalry at a later date appears from 2 Chronicles 12:3; but the Hebrew text of Exodus, in remarkable accordance with the native monuments of the time, represents the army of this Pharaoh as composed of two descriptions of troops only - a chariot and an infantry force. (See Hengstenberg, Aegypten und Mose, pp. 127-9). Overtook them. It is uncertain how long the Israelites remained encamped at Pi-hahiroth. They would wait so long as the pillar of the cloud did not move (Numbers 9:18-20). It must have taken Pharaoh a day to hear of their march from Etham, at least another day to collect his troops, and three or four days to effect the march from Tanis to Pi-hahiroth. The Jewish tradition that the Red Sea was crossed on the night of the 21st of Nisan (Abib) is therefore, conceivably, a true one.

CHAPTER 14:10-14

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
The Egyptians—
מִצְרַ֜יִם (miṣ·ra·yim)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 4713: Egyptian -- inhabitant of Egypt

all
כָּל־ (kāl-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

Pharaoh’s
פַּרְעֹ֔ה (par·‘ōh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 6547: Pharaoh -- a title of Egypt kings

horses
סוּס֙ (sūs)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 5483: A swallow, swift (type of bird)

and chariots,
רֶ֣כֶב (re·ḵeḇ)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 7393: A vehicle, a team, cavalry, a rider, the upper millstone

horsemen
וּפָרָשָׁ֖יו (ū·p̄ā·rā·šāw)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 6571: A steed, a driver, cavalry

and troops—
וְחֵיל֑וֹ (wə·ḥê·lōw)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 2428: A force, an army, wealth, virtue, valor, strength

pursued
וַיִּרְדְּפ֨וּ (way·yir·də·p̄ū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 7291: To pursue, chase, persecute

and
אַחֲרֵיהֶ֗ם (’a·ḥă·rê·hem)
Preposition | third person masculine plural
Strong's 310: The hind or following part

overtook
וַיַּשִּׂ֤יגוּ (way·yaś·śî·ḡū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 5381: To reach, overtake

[the Israelites]
אוֹתָם֙ (’ō·w·ṯām)
Direct object marker | third person masculine plural
Strong's 853: Untranslatable mark of the accusative case

as they camped
חֹנִ֣ים (ḥō·nîm)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural
Strong's 2583: To incline, to decline, to pitch a, tent, gen, to encamp

by
עַל־ (‘al-)
Preposition
Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against

the sea
הַיָּ֔ם (hay·yām)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 3220: A sea, the Mediterranean Sea, large river, an artifical basin

near
עַל־ (‘al-)
Preposition
Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against

Pi-hahiroth,
הַֽחִירֹ֔ת (ha·ḥî·rōṯ)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 6367: Pi-hahiroth -- a place on the eastern border of Egypt

opposite
לִפְנֵ֖י (lip̄·nê)
Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct
Strong's 6440: The face

Baal-zephon.
צְפֹֽן׃ (ṣə·p̄ōn)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 1189: Baal-zephon -- 'Baal of winter', a place in Egypt


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OT Law: Exodus 14:9 The Egyptians pursued after them: all (Exo. Ex)
Exodus 14:8
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