Topical Bible: Afflict

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Topical Encyclopedia

The term "afflict" in the Bible is often associated with suffering, distress, or hardship, whether physical, emotional, or spiritual. It is used to describe the experience of individuals or groups who undergo trials or are subjected to oppression. The concept of affliction is multifaceted, encompassing both the consequences of sin and the trials permitted by God for the purpose of growth and refinement.

Old Testament Usage

In the Old Testament, the Hebrew word often translated as "afflict" is "עָנָה" (anah), which can mean to humble, oppress, or cause to suffer. Affliction is frequently depicted as a tool used by God to discipline His people or to bring them to repentance. For example, in Leviticus 23:27, the Israelites are commanded to "afflict" themselves on the Day of Atonement, which involves fasting and humbling oneself before God: "On the tenth day of this seventh month is the Day of Atonement. You shall hold a sacred assembly and humble yourselves, and present an offering made by fire to the LORD."

The afflictions of the Israelites in Egypt are a prominent example of collective suffering. Exodus 3:7 records God's awareness of their plight: "The LORD said, 'I have indeed seen the affliction of My people in Egypt. I have heard them crying out because of their oppressors, and I am aware of their sufferings.'"

New Testament Usage

In the New Testament, the Greek word "θλίβω" (thlibo) is often used to describe affliction. The New Testament emphasizes the role of affliction in the life of a believer as a means of spiritual growth and perseverance. Romans 5:3-4 states, "Not only that, but we also rejoice in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance; perseverance, character; and character, hope."

The Apostle Paul frequently speaks of his own afflictions as part of his ministry. In 2 Corinthians 4:17, he writes, "For our light and momentary affliction is producing for us an eternal glory that is far beyond comparison." This perspective highlights the temporary nature of earthly suffering in contrast to the eternal rewards promised to believers.

Affliction as Discipline and Refinement

Affliction is sometimes portrayed as a form of divine discipline intended to refine and purify God's people. Hebrews 12:6-7 explains, "For the Lord disciplines the one He loves, and He chastises every son He receives. Endure suffering as discipline; God is treating you as sons. For what son is not disciplined by his father?"

The Book of Job provides a profound exploration of the theme of affliction. Job's suffering, though not a direct result of personal sin, serves as a test of his faith and integrity. Job 23:10 reflects his understanding of the refining purpose of his trials: "But He knows the way that I take; when He has tested me, I will come forth as gold."

Affliction and Compassion

Scripture also calls believers to respond to the afflictions of others with compassion and support. Galatians 6:2 encourages, "Carry one another’s burdens, and in this way you will fulfill the law of Christ." The call to bear one another's burdens reflects the communal aspect of the Christian faith, where believers are to support and uplift each other in times of distress.

Conclusion

The biblical concept of affliction encompasses a range of experiences and purposes, from divine discipline to the testing of faith. It serves as a reminder of the fallen nature of the world and the hope of redemption and restoration through Christ. Believers are encouraged to endure afflictions with faith, trusting in God's ultimate plan and purpose.

Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary

1. (v. t.) To strike or cast down; to overthrow.

2. (v. t.) To inflict some great injury or hurt upon, causing continued pain or mental distress; to trouble grievously; to torment.

3. (v. t.) To make low or humble.

4. (p. p. & a.) Afflicted.

Greek

2346. thlibo -- to press, afflict
... to press, afflict. Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: thlibo Phonetic Spelling:
(thlee'-bo) Short Definition: I make narrow, persecute, press hard Definition ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/2346.htm - 7k

1669. helkoo -- to wound, to ulcerate, pass. to suffer from sores
... to suffer from sores. Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: helkoo Phonetic Spelling:
(hel-ko'-o) Short Definition: I afflict with sores Definition: I afflict ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/1669.htm - 6k

2559. kakoo -- to ill-treat
... Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: kakoo Phonetic Spelling: (kak-o'-o) Short
Definition: I treat badly Definition: I treat badly, afflict, embitter, make ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/2559.htm - 7k

4912. sunecho -- to hold together, to hold fast, pass. to be ...
... to hold together, ie To compress (the ears, with a crowd or siege) or arrest (a
prisoner); figuratively, to compel, perplex, afflict, preoccupy -- constrain ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/4912.htm - 7k

3960. patasso -- to beat (of the heart), to strike
... Verb Transliteration: patasso Phonetic Spelling: (pat-as'-so) Short Definition:
I strike Definition: I smite, strike (as with a sword), smite to death, afflict ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/3960.htm - 6k

4818. sullupeo -- to be moved to grief with (pass.)
... be grieved. From sun and lupeo; to afflict jointly, ie (passive) sorrow at (on account
of) someone -- be grieved. see GREEK sun. see GREEK lupeo. ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/4818.htm - 6k

5003. talaiporeo -- to suffer hardship or distress
... Cognate: 5003 -- intensely afflict, leaving someone in a (miserable) condition --
literally, showing due to (used only at Js 4:9). See 5005 (). ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/5003.htm - 6k

3791. ochleo -- to disturb, trouble
... to trouble, afflict. From ochlos; to mob, ie (by implication) to harass -- vex.
see GREEK ochlos. (ochloumenous) -- 1 Occurrence. 3790, 3791. ochleo. 3792 ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/3791.htm - 7k

4781. sugkampto -- to bend together
... bow down. From sun and kampto; to bend together, ie (figuratively) to afflict --
bow down. see GREEK sun. see GREEK kampto. (sunkampson) -- 1 Occurrence. ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/4781.htm - 6k

Strong's Hebrew

7489. ra'a' -- to be evil, bad
ra'a'. 7488, 7489. ra'a'. 7489a . to be evil, bad. Transliteration: ra'a'
Phonetic Spelling: (raw-ah') Short Definition: afflict. afflict ...
/hebrew/7489.htm - 6k

3905. lachats -- to squeeze, press, oppress
... root Definition to squeeze, press, oppress NASB Word Usage afflict (1), forced
(1), hold the shut (1), oppress (2), oppressed (6), oppresses (1), oppressing (2 ...
/hebrew/3905.htm - 6k

6031a. anah -- to be bowed down or afflicted
... root Definition to be bowed down or afflicted NASB Word Usage afflict (16), afflict
him at all (1), afflicted (22), affliction (1), disturbed (1), do violence ...
/hebrew/6031a.htm - 5k

3513. kabad -- to be heavy, weighty, or burdensome
... abounding with, more grievously afflict, boast, be chargeable, be dim.
Or kabed {kaw-bade'}; a primitive root; to be heavy, ie In ...
/hebrew/3513.htm - 7k

3013. yagah -- to suffer
... afflict, cause grief, grieve, sorrowful, vex. A primitive root; to grieve -- afflict,
cause grief, grieve, sorrowful, vex. 3012, 3013. yagah. 3014 . ...
/hebrew/3013.htm - 6k

8197c. sippach -- to cause a scab upon
... 8197b, 8197c. sippach. 8198 . to cause a scab upon. Transliteration:
sippach Short Definition: afflict. Word Origin denominative ...
/hebrew/8197c.htm - 5k

6887. tsarar -- to bind, tie up, be restricted, narrow, scant, or ...
... A primitive root; to cramp, literally or figuratively, transitive or intransitive
(as follows) -- adversary, (be in) afflict(-ion), beseige, bind (up), (be in ...
/hebrew/6887.htm - 5k

7043. qalal -- to be slight, swift or trifling
... bring into contempt, (ac-)curse, despise, (be) ease(-y, -ier), (be a, make, make
somewhat, move, seem a, set) light(-en, -er, -ly, -ly afflict, -ly esteem ...
/hebrew/7043.htm - 6k

6030. anah -- to answer, respond
... To begin to speak; specifically to sing, shout, testify, announce -- give account,
afflict (by mistake for anah), (cause to, give) answer, bring low (by ...
/hebrew/6030.htm - 6k

6088. atsab -- to pain, grieve
... lamentable. (Aramaic) corresponding to atsab; to afflict -- lamentable. see HEBREW
atsab. 6087b, 6088. atsab. 6089 . Strong's Numbers.
/hebrew/6088.htm - 6k

Library

The Soul is not to Afflict it Self, nor Intermit Prayer, Because ...
... Recollection. CHAP. IV. The Soul is not to afflict it self, nor intermit Prayer,
because it sees it self encompassed with dryness. 25. Thou ...
/.../the spiritual guide which disentangles the soul/chap iv the soul is.htm

Having Thus Attained to the Highest Power, He Bent his Mind to ...
... Chap. XXI. Having thus attained to the highest power, he bent his mind to
afflict that empire? Having thus attained to the highest ...
/.../of the manner in which the persecutors died/chap xxi having thus attained.htm

How Important and Necessary it Is, to the Interiour Soul, to ...
... griefs, and besieged with sorrows Internal, from the darkness of thy powers, from
the weakness of discourses: strong Temptations will afflict thee, painful ...
/.../the spiritual guide which disentangles the soul/chap v how important and.htm

Of the Meaning of the Sacrifice Abraham was Commanded to Offer ...
... said unto Abram, Know of a surety that thy seed shall be a stranger in a land not
theirs, and they shall reduce them to servitude and shall afflict them four ...
//christianbookshelf.org/augustine/city of god/chapter 24 of the meaning of.htm

Alexander.
... THE CHOSEN PEOPLE. LESSON XV. ALEXANDER. "Ships shall come from Chittim, and
shall afflict Eber, and shall afflict Assur.""Num. xxiv.24. ...
//christianbookshelf.org/yonge/the chosen people/lesson xv alexander.htm

Of Holy Spiritual Prudence
... well, mortify thyself; if thou wouldst gain much and become rich, lose and become
poor; if thou wouldst enjoy thyself and take thine ease, afflict thyself, and ...
/.../the little flowers of st francis of assisi/chapter xii of holy spiritual.htm

How God Has Shown his Omnipotence in his Birth in Time as Well as ...
... And yet the same God who was crucified Himself predicted: "Shall a man afflict God,
for you afflict Me?" [2603] If then we cannot think that the Lord was born ...
/.../cassian/the seven books of john cassian /chapter iv how god has.htm

"And we all do Fade as a Leaf, and Our Iniquities, Like the Wind ...
... The Lord "doth not afflict willingly, nor grieve the children of men." That is,
as we conceive, the Lord hath not such pleasure in trampling on men, as he ...
/.../binning/the works of the rev hugh binning/sermon xvii and we all.htm

That the Widow and Orphans Ought to be Protected.
... father, and as a husband to their mother; and thou shalt be the son of the Highest
if thou shalt obey." [4618] Also in Exodus: "Ye shall not afflict any widow ...
/.../cyprian/three books of testimonies against the jews/113 that the widow and.htm

They who have Committed a "Sin unto Death" are not to be Abandoned ...
... Explanation of the phrase "Deliver unto Satan." Satan can afflict the body, but
these afflictions bring spiritual profit, showing the power of God, Who thus ...
/.../ambrose/works and letters of st ambrose/chapter xiii they who have.htm

Thesaurus

Afflict (55 Occurrences)
... 4. (pp & a.) Afflicted. Multi-Version Concordance Afflict (55 Occurrences). ... didst
thou come hither, before the time, to afflict us?' (YLT). ...
/a/afflict.htm - 23k

Chittim (5 Occurrences)
... Balaam foretold (Numbers 24:24) "that ships shall come from the coast of Chittim,
and afflict Eber." Daniel prophesied (11:30) that the ships of Chittim would ...
/c/chittim.htm - 9k

Subdue (26 Occurrences)
... Numbers 24:24 But ships shall come from the coast of Kittim. They shall afflict
Asshur, and shall afflict Eber. He also shall come to destruction." (See NIV). ...
/s/subdue.htm - 15k

Deny (48 Occurrences)
... Leviticus 16:29 "It shall be a statute to you forever: in the seventh month, on
the tenth day of the month, you shall afflict your souls, and shall do no ...
/d/deny.htm - 23k

Souls (114 Occurrences)
... Leviticus 16:29 "It shall be a statute to you forever: in the seventh month, on
the tenth day of the month, you shall afflict your souls, and shall do no ...
/s/souls.htm - 37k

Vex (20 Occurrences)
... 2. (vt) To make angry or annoyed by little provocations; to irritate; to plague;
to torment; to harass; to afflict; to trouble; to tease. ...
/v/vex.htm - 14k

Grievously (17 Occurrences)
... as was in her vexation, when at the first he lightly afflicted the land of Zebulun
and the land of Naphtali, and afterward did more grievously afflict her by ...
/g/grievously.htm - 14k

Eber (16 Occurrences)
... (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV). Numbers 24:24 But ships shall come
from the coast of Kittim. They shall afflict Asshur, and shall afflict Eber. ...
/e/eber.htm - 12k

Permanent (19 Occurrences)
... Leviticus 16:29 "It shall be a statute to you forever: in the seventh month, on
the tenth day of the month, you shall afflict your souls, and shall do no ...
/p/permanent.htm - 12k

Persecute (48 Occurrences)
... 1. (vt) To pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict; to beset with cruelty
or malignity; to harass; especially, to afflict, harass, punish, or put to ...
/p/persecute.htm - 20k

Resources

Why did Satan think he could defeat God? | GotQuestions.org

What were the emerods God afflicted the Philistines with in 1 Samuel 5? | GotQuestions.org

Who was Job in the Bible? | GotQuestions.org

Afflict: Dictionary and Thesaurus | Clyx.com

Bible Concordance • Bible Dictionary • Bible Encyclopedia • Topical Bible • Bible Thesuarus

Concordance

Afflict (55 Occurrences)

Matthew 8:29
and lo, they cried out, saying, 'What -- to us and to thee, Jesus, Son of God? didst thou come hither, before the time, to afflict us?'
(YLT)

Mark 5:7
and having called with a loud voice, he said, 'What -- to me and to thee, Jesus, Son of God the Most High? I adjure thee by God, mayest thou not afflict me!'
(YLT)

Luke 8:28
and having seen Jesus, and having cried out, he fell before him, and with a loud voice, said, 'What -- to me and to thee, Jesus, Son of God Most High? I beseech thee, mayest thou not afflict me!'
(YLT)

Acts 12:1
Now about that time Herod the king put forth his hands to afflict certain of the church.
(ASV WBS)

Philippians 1:17
but the other proclaim Christ of faction, not sincerely, thinking to raise up affliction for me in my bonds.
(Root in ASV RSV)

2 Thessalonians 1:6
Since it is a righteous thing with God to repay affliction to those who afflict you,
(Root in WEB WEY ASV NAS RSV)

James 4:9
Be afflicted, and mourn, and weep: let your laughter be turned to mourning, and your joy to heaviness.
(Root in KJV WEY ASV WBS YLT)

Revelation 2:22
I tell you that I am about to cast her upon a bed of sickness, and I will severely afflict those who commit adultery with her, unless they repent of conduct such as hers.
(WEY)

Genesis 15:13
He said to Abram, "Know for sure that your seed will live as foreigners in a land that is not theirs, and will serve them. They will afflict them four hundred years.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT)

Genesis 31:50
If you afflict my daughters, or if you take wives besides my daughters, no man is with us; behold, God is witness between me and you."
(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT)

Exodus 1:11
Therefore they set taskmasters over them to afflict them with their burdens. They built storage cities for Pharaoh: Pithom and Raamses.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV WBS YLT NAS RSV)

Exodus 1:12
But the more they afflicted them, the more they multiplied and the more they spread out. They were grieved because of the children of Israel.
(Root in WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS)

Exodus 22:22
Ye shall not afflict any widow, or fatherless child.
(KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV)

Exodus 22:23
If thou afflict them in any wise, and they cry at all unto me, I will surely hear their cry;
(KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV)

Leviticus 16:29
"It shall be a statute to you forever: in the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month, you shall afflict your souls, and shall do no manner of work, the native-born, or the stranger who lives as a foreigner among you:
(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS RSV)

Leviticus 16:31
It is a Sabbath of solemn rest to you, and you shall afflict your souls; it is a statute forever.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS RSV)

Leviticus 23:27
"However on the tenth day of this seventh month is the day of atonement: it shall be a holy convocation to you, and you shall afflict yourselves; and you shall offer an offering made by fire to Yahweh.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS RSV)

Leviticus 23:32
It shall be unto you a sabbath of rest, and ye shall afflict your souls: in the ninth day of the month at even, from even unto even, shall ye celebrate your sabbath.
(KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS RSV)

Leviticus 26:24
then I will also walk contrary to you; and I will strike you, even I, seven times for your sins.
(See NIV)

Numbers 24:24
But ships shall come from the coast of Kittim. They shall afflict Asshur, and shall afflict Eber. He also shall come to destruction."
(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS NAS RSV)

Numbers 29:7
"'On the tenth day of this seventh month you shall have a holy convocation; and you shall afflict your souls: you shall do no manner of work;
(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS RSV)

Numbers 30:13
Every vow, and every binding oath to afflict the soul, her husband may establish it, or her husband may make it void.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS RSV)

Deuteronomy 8:2
And thou shalt remember all the way which Jehovah thy God hath led thee these forty years in the wilderness, that he might humble thee, to prove thee, to know what was in thy heart, whether thou wouldest keep his commandments, or not.
(See JPS)

Deuteronomy 8:16
who fed thee in the wilderness with manna, which thy fathers knew not; that he might humble thee, and that he might prove thee, to do thee good at thy latter end:
(See JPS)

Deuteronomy 26:6
The Egyptians dealt ill with us, and afflicted us, and laid on us hard bondage:
(Root in WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV)

Judges 16:5
The lords of the Philistines came up to her, and said to her, "Entice him, and see in which his great strength lies, and by what means we may prevail against him, that we may bind him to afflict him; and we will each give you eleven hundred pieces of silver."
(WEB KJV JPS ASV WBS YLT NAS)

Judges 16:6
Delilah said to Samson, "Tell me, please, where your great strength lies, and what you might be bound to afflict you."
(WEB KJV JPS ASV WBS YLT NAS)

Judges 16:19
She made him sleep on her knees; and she called for a man, and shaved off the seven locks of his head; and she began to afflict him, and his strength went from him.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV WBS YLT NAS)

2 Samuel 7:10
I will appoint a place for my people Israel, and will plant them, that they may dwell in their own place, and be moved no more; neither shall the children of wickedness afflict them any more, as at the first,
(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV)

1 Kings 8:35
"When the sky is shut up, and there is no rain, because they have sinned against you; if they pray toward this place, and confess your name, and turn from their sin, when you afflict them:
(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

1 Kings 11:39
I will for this afflict the seed of David, but not forever.'"
(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS NAS RSV)

2 Chronicles 6:26
When the sky is shut up, and there is no rain, because they have sinned against you; if they pray toward this place, and confess your name, and turn from their sin, when you afflict them:
(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

Ezra 8:21
Then I proclaimed a fast there, at the river of Ahava, that we might afflict ourselves before our God, to seek of him a right way for us, and for our little ones, and for all our substance.
(KJV WBS YLT)

Job 19:2
Till when do ye afflict my soul, And bruise me with words?
(YLT)

Job 37:23
Touching the Almighty, we cannot find him out: he is excellent in power, and in judgment, and in plenty of justice: he will not afflict.
(KJV ASV DBY WBS)

Psalms 44:2
You drove out the nations with your hand, but you planted them. You afflicted the peoples, but you spread them abroad.
(Root in WEB KJV ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV)

Psalms 55:19
God shall hear, and afflict them, even he that abideth of old. Selah. Because they have no changes, therefore they fear not God.
(KJV DBY WBS YLT NIV)

Psalms 69:26
For they persecute him whom you have wounded. They tell of the sorrow of those whom you have hurt.
(See RSV)

Psalms 89:22
The enemy shall not exact upon him; nor the son of wickedness afflict him.
(KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS)

Psalms 89:23
And I will beat down his foes before his face, and afflict them that hate him.
(WBS)

Psalms 94:5
They break your people in pieces, Yahweh, and afflict your heritage.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV)

Psalms 107:17
Fools are afflicted because of their disobedience, and because of their iniquities.
(Root in WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

Psalms 143:12
In your loving kindness, cut off my enemies, and destroy all those who afflict my soul, For I am your servant.
(WEB KJV ASV WBS NAS)

Isaiah 3:17
The Lord will send disease on the heads of the daughters of Zion, and the Lord will let their secret parts be seen.
(See NAS)

Isaiah 9:1
Nevertheless the dimness shall not be such as was in her vexation, when at the first he lightly afflicted the land of Zebulun and the land of Naphtali, and afterward did more grievously afflict her by the way of the sea, beyond Jordan, in Galilee of the nations.
(Root in KJV JPS WBS)

Isaiah 51:23
and I will put it into the hand of those who afflict you, who have said to your soul,'Bow down, that we may walk over you;' and you have laid your back as the ground, and as the street, to those who walk over."
(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT)

Isaiah 58:5
Is such the fast that I have chosen? the day for a man to afflict his soul? Is it to bow down his head as a rush, and to spread sackcloth and ashes under him? Will you call this a fast, and an acceptable day to Yahweh?
(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT)

Isaiah 64:12
Will you refrain yourself for these things, Yahweh? will you hold your peace, and afflict us very sore?
(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV)

Jeremiah 19:9
I will cause them to eat the flesh of their sons and the flesh of their daughters; and they shall eat everyone the flesh of his friend, in the siege and in the distress, with which their enemies, and those who seek their life, shall distress them.
(See RSV)

Jeremiah 31:28
It shall happen that, like as I have watched over them to pluck up and to break down and to overthrow and to destroy and to afflict, so will I watch over them to build and to plant, says Yahweh.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT)

Lamentations 3:33
For he does not afflict willingly, nor grieve the children of men.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

Amos 5:12
For I know how many your offenses, and how great are your sins- you who afflict the just, who take a bribe, and who turn aside the needy in the courts.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS RSV)

Amos 6:14
For, behold, I will raise up against you a nation, house of Israel," says Yahweh, the God of Armies; "and they will afflict you from the entrance of Hamath to the brook of the Arabah."
(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS NAS)

Nahum 1:12
Thus says Yahweh: "Though they be in full strength, and likewise many, even so they will be cut down, and he shall pass away. Though I have afflicted you, I will afflict you no more.
(Root in WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

Zephaniah 3:19
Behold, at that time I will deal with all those who afflict you, and I will save those who are lame, and gather those who were driven away. I will give them praise and honor, whose shame has been in all the earth.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT)

Subtopics

Afflict

Related Terms

Afflict (55 Occurrences)

Comforted (56 Occurrences)

Naaman (19 Occurrences)

Ill-treated (7 Occurrences)

Thicket (9 Occurrences)

Relief (32 Occurrences)

Destitute (25 Occurrences)

Dropsy (1 Occurrence)

Mistreated (14 Occurrences)