Now this is the law
The phrase "Now this is the law" introduces a specific set of divine instructions given to the Israelites. The Hebrew word for "law" here is "תּוֹרָה" (torah), which means instruction or teaching. In the context of Leviticus, it refers to the detailed guidelines God provided to Moses for the Israelites' worship and sacrificial system. This underscores the importance of divine order and obedience in the life of God's people. The law serves as a guide to holiness and a means to maintain a covenant relationship with God.

of the guilt offering
The "guilt offering," or "אָשָׁם" (asham) in Hebrew, is a specific type of sacrifice. It is distinct from other offerings because it addresses unintentional sins that require restitution. The guilt offering emphasizes the seriousness of sin and the need for atonement and reconciliation with God and others. Historically, this offering involved a ram without blemish, symbolizing the need for purity and the costliness of sin. It points forward to the ultimate sacrifice of Christ, who bore our guilt and provided the perfect atonement.

it is most holy
The phrase "it is most holy" highlights the sacredness of the guilt offering. The Hebrew term "קֹדֶשׁ קָדָשִׁים" (qodesh qadashim) translates to "most holy," indicating the highest level of sanctity. This designation means that the offering is set apart for God and must be handled with utmost reverence and care. In the broader scriptural context, this holiness reflects God's own nature and His call for His people to be holy. It serves as a reminder of the reverence due to God and the seriousness with which His commands should be approached.

The guilt offering
The Hebrew term for "guilt offering" is "אָשָׁם" (asham), which signifies a sacrifice made for atonement of specific sins, particularly those involving desecration of holy things or unintentional sins requiring restitution. This offering underscores the gravity of sin and the need for reconciliation with God. It highlights the holiness of God and the seriousness with which He views sin, emphasizing the need for repentance and restitution.

is to be slaughtered
The act of slaughtering, "שָׁחַט" (shachat) in Hebrew, is a solemn ritual act that signifies the transfer of sin from the sinner to the sacrificial animal. This act prefigures the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ, the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world. It reminds believers of the cost of sin and the necessity of a substitute to bear the penalty on behalf of the sinner.

in the place where the burnt offering is slaughtered
The location of the sacrifice is significant, as it is the same place where the burnt offering, "עֹלָה" (olah), is made. The burnt offering represents total dedication to God, as it is wholly consumed by fire. By sharing the same location, the guilt offering is linked to the concept of complete surrender and devotion to God, reinforcing the idea that atonement and dedication are inseparable in the life of a believer.

and the blood is to be sprinkled
The sprinkling of blood, "זָרַק" (zarak), is a critical component of the sacrificial system, symbolizing purification and atonement. Blood represents life (Leviticus 17:11), and its sprinkling signifies the cleansing of sin and the restoration of the sinner to a right relationship with God. This act foreshadows the shedding of Christ's blood, which cleanses believers from all unrighteousness.

against the altar on all sides
The altar, "מִזְבֵּחַ" (mizbeach), is the sacred place where sacrifices are offered to God. Sprinkling the blood on all sides of the altar signifies the comprehensive nature of atonement, covering all aspects of sin. It illustrates the thoroughness of God's forgiveness and the complete reconciliation available through the sacrificial system, ultimately fulfilled in Christ's atoning work on the cross.

And all the fat
The Hebrew word for "fat" is "חֵלֶב" (chelev), which refers to the best or choicest part of the animal. In ancient Israelite sacrificial practices, fat was considered the richest part and was reserved for God. This reflects the principle of offering the best to God, a theme that runs throughout the Old Testament. The fat symbolizes abundance and blessing, and its offering signifies the worshiper's acknowledgment of God's provision and sovereignty.

that covers the entrails
The "entrails" refer to the internal organs of the sacrificial animal. In Hebrew, the word is "קֶרֶב" (qereb), which can also mean "inner parts" or "midst." The entrails were seen as the seat of emotions and inner life. By offering the fat covering the entrails, the worshiper symbolically dedicates their innermost being to God. This act of offering signifies a surrender of one's deepest emotions and desires to the divine will.

and all the fat that is on them
This phrase emphasizes the totality of the offering. The repetition of "all the fat" underscores the completeness of the sacrifice. In the context of Levitical law, this total offering of fat signifies a wholehearted devotion to God. It is a reminder that worship is not merely a ritualistic act but a comprehensive dedication of one's life to God. The thoroughness of the offering reflects the call for believers to love God with all their heart, soul, and strength, as echoed in Deuteronomy 6:5.

the two kidneys
In the Hebrew text, the word for "kidneys" is "כְּלָיוֹת" (kelayot). The kidneys were considered the seat of emotion and thought in ancient Hebrew culture, much like the heart is viewed today. In the sacrificial system, the kidneys represented the innermost being of a person, symbolizing the need for purity and sincerity in worship. Offering the kidneys to God was a way of dedicating one's deepest thoughts and emotions to Him, acknowledging His sovereignty over the most intimate aspects of life.

with the fat that is on them
The Hebrew word for "fat" is "חֵלֶב" (chelev), which refers to the best or choicest part of the animal. In the sacrificial context, fat was considered the richest part and was reserved for God alone, symbolizing the offering of the best we have to the Lord. This act of giving the choicest portions to God reflects the principle of honoring Him with our firstfruits and the best of our resources, as a demonstration of trust and reverence.

at the loins
The term "loins" in Hebrew is "כְּסָלִים" (kesalim), which refers to the area of the body associated with strength and procreation. In the context of the sacrificial system, this part of the animal signifies the strength and vitality that God provides. By offering this part, the Israelites acknowledged that their strength and ability to produce and sustain life came from God, and they were dedicating it back to Him in gratitude and dependence.

and the lobe of the liver
The "lobe of the liver" in Hebrew is "יֹתֶרֶת הַכָּבֵד" (yoteret ha-kaved). The liver was seen as a vital organ, essential for life and health. In the sacrificial rites, the removal and offering of the liver lobe symbolized the surrender of one's life and health to God. It was an acknowledgment that life itself is a gift from the Creator, and thus, it should be lived in accordance with His will and purpose.

which he shall remove with the kidneys
The act of removing these parts together signifies a comprehensive offering of one's inner being and life force to God. The priest's role in this process highlights the need for mediation and the importance of approaching God with reverence and obedience. This removal and offering underscore the necessity of holiness and the complete dedication of oneself to God, as the Israelites sought to live in covenant relationship with Him.

The priest
In the ancient Israelite context, the priest held a significant role as a mediator between God and the people. The Hebrew word for priest, "kohen," signifies one who is set apart for sacred duties. The priest's role was not only to perform rituals but also to teach the law and guide the community in spiritual matters. This highlights the importance of spiritual leadership and the responsibility of those who serve in ministry to act as intermediaries, bringing the concerns of the people before God and conveying God's will to the people.

shall burn them
The act of burning in sacrificial rituals symbolizes complete dedication and surrender to God. The Hebrew word "qatar" is used here, which means to make smoke or to offer incense. This act of burning signifies the transformation of the physical into the spiritual, as the offering ascends to God in the form of smoke. It is a reminder of the need for believers to offer themselves wholly to God, allowing their lives to be transformed and purified by His presence.

on the altar
The altar, or "mizbeach" in Hebrew, was a sacred place where sacrifices were made. It served as a physical representation of God's presence and a focal point for worship. The altar was a place of atonement, where the relationship between God and humanity was restored. In a broader sense, it symbolizes the need for a dedicated space in our lives where we can meet with God, offer our sacrifices of praise, and seek reconciliation with Him.

as an offering made by fire
The phrase "offering made by fire" emphasizes the element of divine acceptance. The Hebrew term "isheh" refers to a fire offering, which was a pleasing aroma to the Lord. This signifies that the offering, when made with a sincere heart, is acceptable and pleasing to God. It serves as a reminder that our worship and sacrifices should be genuine and heartfelt, aiming to please God rather than fulfill mere ritualistic obligations.

to the LORD
The use of "LORD" in all capital letters indicates the translation of the divine name "YHWH," the covenant name of God. This highlights the personal and relational aspect of God, who desires a covenant relationship with His people. The offerings were not just religious duties but acts of devotion to a personal God who is intimately involved in the lives of His people. It calls believers to recognize the personal nature of their relationship with God and to approach Him with reverence and love.

It is a guilt offering
The "guilt offering," or "asham" in Hebrew, was a specific type of sacrifice for atonement of unintentional sins or sins requiring restitution. It underscores the seriousness of sin and the need for atonement. This offering points to the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ, who became the perfect guilt offering for humanity's sins. It serves as a powerful reminder of the grace and forgiveness available through Christ, encouraging believers to live in the freedom and redemption He provides.

Every male among the priests
This phrase underscores the specific designation of the priestly class in ancient Israel. The Hebrew word for "priests" is "kohen," which refers to those set apart for sacred duties. Historically, the priesthood was limited to the male descendants of Aaron, Moses' brother, emphasizing a hereditary and patriarchal system. This exclusivity highlights the importance of maintaining purity and holiness within the priestly line, as they were mediators between God and the people. The role of the priest was not just a position but a calling to serve in the presence of God, reflecting the divine order and structure established by God for worship and sacrifice.

may eat it
The act of eating the sacrificial offering signifies participation in the sacred rites and the sustenance provided by God. In Hebrew culture, sharing a meal was a sign of fellowship and covenant. For the priests, consuming the offering was both a privilege and a responsibility, symbolizing their partaking in the holiness of the sacrifice. This consumption was not merely physical nourishment but a spiritual act, reinforcing their consecration and dedication to God's service. It also served as a reminder of God's provision and the sustenance He provides for those who serve Him.

It must be eaten in a holy place
The requirement for the offering to be consumed in a "holy place" emphasizes the sanctity of the act. The Hebrew term for "holy" is "qodesh," meaning set apart or sacred. The holy place, likely the tabernacle or later the temple, was where God's presence dwelled among His people. Eating the offering in this designated area ensured that the act remained within the bounds of sacred space, free from defilement. This stipulation reflects the broader biblical theme of holiness, where God calls His people to be set apart and to honor Him in all aspects of life, particularly in worship.

it is most holy
The phrase "most holy" (Hebrew: "qodesh qodashim") indicates the highest level of sanctity. This designation was reserved for offerings that were entirely dedicated to God, underscoring their significance and the reverence required in handling them. The "most holy" status of the offering highlights the seriousness with which God views worship and the offerings made to Him. It serves as a reminder of God's holiness and the need for His people to approach Him with awe and respect. This concept of holiness is central to the book of Leviticus and the entire biblical narrative, calling believers to live lives that reflect God's holy nature.

The guilt offering
The Hebrew term for "guilt offering" is "אָשָׁם" (asham), which signifies a sacrifice made for atonement of specific sins, particularly those involving desecration of holy things or unintentional transgressions against God's commandments. This offering underscores the gravity of sin and the necessity of restitution, reflecting God's justice and mercy. It serves as a reminder of the need for repentance and the provision of grace through sacrificial atonement, foreshadowing Christ's ultimate sacrifice.

is like the sin offering
The Hebrew word for "sin offering" is "חַטָּאת" (chatta'ath), which refers to a sacrifice made for purification from sin. The comparison between the guilt offering and the sin offering highlights their shared purpose in addressing sin and restoring the sinner's relationship with God. Both offerings emphasize the seriousness of sin and the need for divine forgiveness, pointing to the comprehensive nature of God's redemptive plan.

the same law applies to both
This phrase indicates that the regulations governing the guilt offering and the sin offering are identical, emphasizing the consistency and fairness of God's law. It reflects the principle that all sin, whether intentional or unintentional, requires atonement. This consistency in the law underscores God's unchanging nature and His desire for holiness among His people.

It belongs to the priest
The portion of the offering that belongs to the priest signifies the provision for those who serve in the temple, ensuring their sustenance as they fulfill their sacred duties. This allocation underscores the principle of supporting those who minister in spiritual matters, a concept echoed in the New Testament where Paul speaks of the right of those who preach the gospel to receive their living from the gospel (1 Corinthians 9:14).

who makes atonement with it
The act of making atonement involves the priest mediating between God and the people, symbolically transferring the sin of the individual to the sacrificial animal. This process highlights the role of the priest as an intercessor and points to the ultimate High Priest, Jesus Christ, who made atonement for humanity through His sacrificial death. The concept of atonement is central to the Christian faith, emphasizing reconciliation with God and the restoration of fellowship through the shedding of blood.

The priest
In the Levitical system, the priest served as a mediator between God and the people. The Hebrew word for priest, "kohen," signifies one who is set apart for sacred duties. The priesthood was established by God to maintain holiness and order in worship. This role underscores the importance of spiritual leadership and the responsibility of guiding others in their relationship with God.

who presents
The act of presenting a sacrifice was a sacred duty, symbolizing the offering of one's self to God. The Hebrew root "qarab" means to draw near or approach, indicating that the priest is facilitating the worshiper's approach to God. This highlights the priest's role in helping the people draw near to God through the sacrificial system.

a burnt offering
The burnt offering, or "olah" in Hebrew, was a sacrifice that was completely consumed by fire, symbolizing total dedication to God. It was one of the most significant offerings, representing atonement and the worshiper's complete surrender to God's will. This offering points to the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ, who gave Himself wholly for the atonement of humanity's sins.

for anyone
This phrase emphasizes the inclusivity of the sacrificial system. The offerings were made on behalf of any individual who sought to make amends with God, reflecting God's desire for all people to come to Him. It underscores the universal need for atonement and reconciliation with God.

may keep for himself
The priest's right to keep the hide of the burnt offering was a provision for his sustenance. This reflects the principle that those who serve in ministry should be supported by the community they serve. It also illustrates God's care for those who dedicate their lives to His service, ensuring their needs are met.

the hide
The hide of the animal, or "or" in Hebrew, was a valuable commodity in ancient times, used for clothing and other practical purposes. By allowing the priest to keep the hide, God provided for the priest's material needs. This provision also symbolizes the covering and protection that God provides for His servants.

of the burnt offering
The burnt offering was a central element of the sacrificial system, symbolizing the complete devotion and surrender of the worshiper to God. The offering's total consumption by fire represents the idea of giving one's all to God, a theme that resonates throughout Scripture and is fulfilled in the New Testament through Christ's sacrifice.

he has presented
The priest's role in presenting the offering highlights the importance of intercession and mediation in the worship process. The Hebrew root "qarab" again emphasizes the act of drawing near to God. This role foreshadows the ultimate High Priest, Jesus Christ, who presents us blameless before God through His sacrifice.

Likewise
This word connects the instructions given in this verse to the preceding regulations about offerings. It signifies continuity and consistency in the laws given by God to Moses. The Hebrew word used here is "כֵּן" (ken), which means "thus" or "in the same manner." It emphasizes the uniformity of God's commandments and the importance of following His instructions precisely.

every grain offering
The grain offering, or "מִנְחָה" (minchah) in Hebrew, was a significant part of the sacrificial system. It symbolized the dedication of the fruits of one's labor to God, acknowledging His provision and sovereignty. This offering was typically made of fine flour, oil, and frankincense, representing purity, anointing, and prayer, respectively. It was a voluntary act of worship, expressing gratitude and devotion.

baked in an oven
The method of preparation for the grain offering is specified here. Baking in an oven suggests a process that requires time and care, reflecting the worshiper's dedication. The oven, or "תַּנּוּר" (tannur) in Hebrew, was a common household item in ancient Israel, used for baking bread. This detail highlights the everyday nature of worship and the integration of faith into daily life.

or cooked in a pan
Cooking in a pan, or "מַחֲבַת" (machavat) in Hebrew, indicates a different method of preparation. This could refer to a flat pan used for frying, suggesting a quicker, more immediate form of offering. It underscores the flexibility in how offerings could be made, allowing for personal expression within the framework of God's law.

or on a griddle
The griddle, or "מַרְחֶשֶׁת" (marchesheth) in Hebrew, was another cooking implement used for preparing offerings. This method might involve a more communal or shared experience, as griddles were often used for larger quantities. It reflects the communal aspect of worship and the shared responsibility of the community in honoring God.

belongs to the priest
The phrase "belongs to the priest" indicates the provision for those who serve in the temple. The priests, who were from the tribe of Levi, had no inheritance of land and relied on the offerings of the people for their sustenance. This provision underscores the principle of supporting those who dedicate their lives to spiritual service, a practice that continues in various forms in Christian communities today.

who presents it
The priest who presents the offering is the one who receives it. This highlights the personal connection between the act of worship and the service of the priest. It emphasizes the role of the priest as a mediator between God and the people, a role ultimately fulfilled by Jesus Christ, our High Priest, who presents our offerings to God and intercedes on our behalf.

And every grain offering
The term "grain offering" in Hebrew is "minchah," which signifies a gift or tribute. In the context of Leviticus, it represents an offering of gratitude and devotion to God, often made from fine flour. Historically, grain offerings were a staple in ancient Israelite worship, symbolizing the fruits of human labor and the sustenance provided by God. This offering underscores the importance of dedicating the work of our hands to the Lord, acknowledging Him as the source of all provision.

whether dry or mixed with oil
The distinction between "dry" and "mixed with oil" highlights the versatility and inclusivity of the offerings. Oil, often symbolizing the Holy Spirit in Scripture, when mixed with the grain, represents the anointing and sanctification of our offerings to God. The dry offering, on the other hand, signifies simplicity and purity. Together, they illustrate that God accepts offerings in various forms, reflecting the diverse ways His people can worship and serve Him.

belongs equally
The phrase "belongs equally" emphasizes the fairness and justice inherent in God's instructions. In the priestly system, this ensured that all the sons of Aaron, the priestly family, shared in the provisions from the offerings. This equitable distribution reflects God's character as just and impartial, reminding us that in His kingdom, there is no favoritism, and all are valued equally.

to all the sons of Aaron
The "sons of Aaron" refers to the priestly lineage established by God through Aaron, Moses' brother. This priesthood was responsible for mediating between God and the people, performing sacrifices, and maintaining the sanctuary. Historically, the Aaronic priesthood played a crucial role in the spiritual life of Israel, symbolizing the need for a mediator between humanity and God. In a broader Christian context, this points to Jesus Christ, our ultimate High Priest, who intercedes on our behalf.

Now this is the law
The phrase "Now this is the law" introduces a specific set of divine instructions. The Hebrew word for "law" here is "תּוֹרָה" (torah), which means instruction or teaching. In the context of Leviticus, it signifies God's direct guidance to His people, Israel, on how to live in a way that is pleasing to Him. This underscores the importance of divine order and the sacredness of following God's commandments. The law is not merely a set of rules but a pathway to holiness and communion with God.

of the peace offering
The "peace offering," or "שֶׁלֶם" (shelem) in Hebrew, is a sacrifice that symbolizes fellowship and reconciliation with God. It is distinct from other offerings because it is voluntary and expresses gratitude, vows, or freewill. The peace offering is a profound representation of the believer's restored relationship with God, highlighting the joy and harmony that come from being in right standing with Him. Historically, this offering involved the sharing of a meal, symbolizing community and unity among the people and with God.

that one may present
The phrase "that one may present" indicates the personal responsibility and privilege of the individual to bring an offering to God. The Hebrew root "קָרַב" (qarab) means to draw near or approach. This act of presenting an offering is an intimate gesture of worship and devotion, signifying the worshiper's desire to come closer to God. It reflects the personal nature of faith and the active role of the believer in seeking God's presence.

to the LORD
The term "to the LORD" emphasizes the direction and purpose of the offering. The Hebrew name used here is "יְהוָה" (YHWH), the covenant name of God, which signifies His eternal, self-existent nature. Offering to the LORD is an act of acknowledging His sovereignty and holiness. It is a reminder that all acts of worship are directed towards God alone, who is worthy of all honor and praise. This phrase encapsulates the ultimate goal of the peace offering: to honor and glorify God, fostering a deeper relationship with Him.

If he offers it in thanksgiving
The Hebrew word for "thanksgiving" is "תּוֹדָה" (todah), which is derived from the root "יָדָה" (yadah), meaning to give thanks or praise. This offering is a voluntary expression of gratitude towards God, acknowledging His provision and blessings. In the ancient Israelite context, thanksgiving offerings were a vital part of worship, reflecting a heart of gratitude and a recognition of God's sovereignty and goodness.

then along with the sacrifice of thanksgiving
The "sacrifice of thanksgiving" is a subset of the peace offerings, known as "שֶׁלֶם" (shelem), which were communal meals shared between the offerer, the priests, and God. This sacrifice symbolizes reconciliation and fellowship with God, emphasizing the communal and relational aspects of worship. Historically, these offerings were a way for the Israelites to maintain a covenant relationship with God, celebrating His faithfulness and mercy.

he shall offer unleavened cakes mixed with oil
"Unleavened cakes" or "מַצּוֹת" (matsot) are bread made without yeast, symbolizing purity and separation from sin. The use of "oil" (שֶׁמֶן, shemen) in the cakes signifies the presence and anointing of the Holy Spirit. In the biblical narrative, oil is often associated with consecration and sanctification, setting apart the offering as holy unto the Lord.

unleavened wafers anointed with oil
"Wafers" or "רְקִיקִים" (rekikim) are thin cakes, also unleavened, emphasizing the purity required in offerings to God. The act of anointing with oil further consecrates these wafers, symbolizing the infusion of divine grace and favor. This practice reflects the importance of approaching God with a heart and offering that are pure and set apart for His purposes.

and cakes of fine flour well-kneaded and mixed with oil
The "cakes of fine flour" or "חַלּוֹת" (challot) represent the best of human labor and resources, offered to God in gratitude. "Fine flour" (סֹלֶת, solet) indicates the highest quality, suggesting that offerings to God should be of the best we have. The process of being "well-kneaded and mixed with oil" signifies thorough preparation and dedication, illustrating the care and devotion required in worship. This meticulous preparation reflects a heart fully engaged in honoring God, acknowledging His provision and grace in every aspect of life.

Along with his peace offering of thanksgiving
The phrase "peace offering" comes from the Hebrew word "שֶׁלֶם" (shelem), which is related to "שָׁלוֹם" (shalom), meaning peace, completeness, or welfare. This offering symbolizes reconciliation and fellowship with God, reflecting a state of peace between the offerer and the Divine. The "thanksgiving" aspect, or "תּוֹדָה" (todah), emphasizes gratitude and acknowledgment of God's provision and blessings. Historically, peace offerings were communal meals shared with family and the community, fostering unity and shared joy in God's presence.

he is to present an offering
The act of presenting an offering is a deliberate and conscious act of worship. The Hebrew root "קָרַב" (qarab) means to draw near or approach, signifying the offerer's desire to come closer to God. This act of presentation is not merely ritualistic but is a heartfelt expression of devotion and acknowledgment of God's sovereignty. It underscores the importance of intentionality in worship, where the physical act of offering mirrors the spiritual act of drawing near to God.

with cakes of leavened bread
The inclusion of "leavened bread" in this offering is significant. Leaven, or yeast, often symbolizes sin or corruption in the Bible, yet here it is included in the thanksgiving offering. This suggests that God accepts the worship of imperfect people, acknowledging human imperfection while still inviting them into His presence. The Hebrew word for cakes, "חַלּוֹת" (challot), indicates a specific type of bread, often associated with festivity and celebration. This inclusion highlights the celebratory nature of the peace offering, where the joy of fellowship with God transcends human imperfection. Historically, the use of leavened bread in offerings was unique to the peace offering, setting it apart as a symbol of communal joy and thanksgiving.

From the cakes
The Hebrew word for "cakes" is "challah," which refers to a type of bread or cake made from fine flour. In the context of Leviticus, these cakes are part of the grain offerings that accompany the peace offerings. The use of "cakes" signifies the offering of the best produce of the land, symbolizing gratitude and acknowledgment of God's provision. Historically, bread has been a staple in the diet of the Israelites, representing sustenance and life. Offering cakes to God is an act of worship, recognizing Him as the ultimate provider.

he is to present
The act of presenting an offering is a deliberate and conscious act of worship. The Hebrew root "qarab" means to bring near or to offer. This signifies the worshiper's desire to draw near to God, acknowledging His holiness and seeking His favor. The presentation of offerings was a central part of Israelite worship, emphasizing the importance of approaching God with reverence and intentionality.

one as an offering
The specification of "one" highlights the principle of giving a portion back to God from what He has provided. The Hebrew word "terumah" is often used for offerings, indicating something lifted up or set apart for God. This act of setting apart a portion for God is a reminder of His sovereignty and the need for His people to honor Him with their firstfruits. It reflects a heart of gratitude and obedience, recognizing that all blessings come from Him.

to the LORD
The phrase "to the LORD" underscores the direction and purpose of the offering. The Hebrew name used here is "Yahweh," the covenant name of God, emphasizing His personal relationship with His people. Offerings were not merely ritualistic but were acts of devotion to Yahweh, the one true God. This relationship is central to the covenant between God and Israel, where offerings serve as a means of maintaining fellowship and expressing loyalty to Him.

it belongs to the priest
The portion given to the priest signifies the provision for those who serve in the temple. The Hebrew word "kohen" refers to the priest, who acts as a mediator between God and the people. By providing for the priest, the community supports the spiritual leadership and ensures the continuation of worship and sacrificial practices. This reflects the principle of sustaining those who dedicate their lives to God's service, acknowledging their role in maintaining the spiritual health of the nation.

who sprinkles the blood
The act of sprinkling blood is a critical component of the sacrificial system. The Hebrew word "zarak" means to scatter or sprinkle, and it is a symbolic act of atonement and purification. Blood represents life, and its sprinkling on the altar signifies the cleansing of sin and the restoration of fellowship with God. This act points to the seriousness of sin and the necessity of atonement, foreshadowing the ultimate sacrifice of Christ, whose blood would be shed for the redemption of humanity.

of the peace offerings
The "peace offerings," or "shelamim" in Hebrew, are offerings that symbolize reconciliation and fellowship with God. These offerings express gratitude, fulfillment of vows, or voluntary acts of worship. The peace offering is unique in that it is shared between the altar, the priest, and the offerer, symbolizing communion with God and community. It highlights the holistic nature of worship, involving God, His servants, and His people in a harmonious relationship.

The meat of the sacrifice
This phrase refers to the physical portion of the offering, specifically the flesh of the animal that was sacrificed. In Hebrew, the word for "meat" is "בָּשָׂר" (basar), which can also mean "flesh." The peace offering, or "שְׁלָמִים" (shelamim), is a type of sacrifice that symbolizes fellowship and communion with God. It is a voluntary act of worship, expressing thanksgiving and fulfillment of vows. The peace offering is unique in that it is shared among the altar, the priests, and the offerer, symbolizing a communal meal with God.

of his peace offerings
The term "peace offerings" comes from the Hebrew "שְׁלָמִים" (shelamim), which is derived from "שָׁלוֹם" (shalom), meaning peace, wholeness, or completeness. This offering is a celebration of the covenant relationship between God and His people, emphasizing reconciliation and harmony. Historically, peace offerings were a way for the Israelites to express gratitude and maintain a right relationship with God, acknowledging His provision and blessings.

must be eaten on the day he offers it
This requirement underscores the immediacy and urgency of the act of worship. The Hebrew verb "אָכַל" (akal) means "to eat," and it signifies the consumption of the sacrifice as an integral part of the ritual. Eating the sacrifice on the same day it is offered highlights the importance of participating in the sacred meal while it is fresh, symbolizing the immediacy of God's presence and the need for prompt obedience and gratitude.

he must not leave any of it until morning
This command emphasizes the completeness and finality of the offering. The Hebrew word "לֹא" (lo) means "not," and "יַעֲזֹב" (ya'azov) means "to leave" or "to abandon." By not leaving any of the sacrifice until morning, the offerer demonstrates a full commitment to the act of worship and ensures that the offering remains pure and undefiled. This practice also reflects the transient nature of life and the need to rely on God's daily provision, as seen in the provision of manna in the wilderness.

But if the sacrifice he offers
The Hebrew word for "sacrifice" is "זֶבַח" (zevach), which refers to a slaughtered offering. In the context of Leviticus, sacrifices were central to the Israelites' worship and relationship with God. The act of offering a sacrifice was a tangible expression of devotion, repentance, or thanksgiving. The phrase "he offers" indicates personal involvement and responsibility in worship, emphasizing that each individual must actively participate in their spiritual life.

is a vow or a freewill offering
The term "vow" in Hebrew is "נֶדֶר" (neder), which signifies a solemn promise made to God, often in exchange for divine favor or intervention. A "freewill offering," or "נְדָבָה" (nedavah), is a voluntary act of worship, given out of gratitude rather than obligation. These offerings highlight the personal and voluntary nature of worship, encouraging believers to give from the heart rather than from compulsion. Historically, these offerings allowed the Israelites to express their devotion and gratitude in a personal and meaningful way.

it is to be eaten on the day he presents his sacrifice
The instruction to eat the sacrifice on the same day underscores the immediacy and freshness of the offering. In ancient times, this practice ensured that the meat was consumed while still fresh, reflecting a practical concern for health and hygiene. Spiritually, it symbolizes the immediacy of God's provision and the importance of responding promptly to His blessings. The act of eating the sacrifice also signifies communion with God, as sharing a meal is a deeply relational act.

but anything left over may be eaten on the next day
This allowance for leftovers to be consumed the following day reflects God's understanding of human needs and the practical aspects of life. It shows a balance between reverence for the sacred and the practicalities of daily living. Theologically, it suggests that God's provisions are sufficient and should be used wisely. Historically, this practice ensured that nothing was wasted, aligning with the broader biblical principle of stewardship.

But any meat of the sacrifice
This phrase refers to the portion of the peace offerings that were not consumed by the priests or the offerer. The Hebrew word for "sacrifice" is "זֶבַח" (zevach), which often denotes a communal meal shared in the presence of God. The peace offering was a voluntary act of worship, expressing thanksgiving and fellowship. It is significant that the meat of the sacrifice was considered holy, set apart for a specific purpose, and not to be treated as ordinary food.

remaining until the third day
The specification of "the third day" underscores the importance of timeliness and obedience in worship. In the ancient Near Eastern context, the third day often symbolized completeness or divine intervention. The restriction against eating the meat after this period highlights the need for purity and the avoidance of decay, which could symbolize corruption or sin. This commandment ensured that the offerings remained a pure and acceptable gift to God.

must be burned up
The directive to burn the leftover meat signifies the removal of what is no longer suitable for consumption or offering. The Hebrew word "שָׂרַף" (saraph) means to burn or consume with fire, often used in the context of purification or judgment. This act of burning served as a physical reminder of the holiness required in worship and the seriousness of maintaining God's standards. It also reflects the broader biblical theme of fire as a purifying agent, symbolizing God's presence and holiness. The burning of the meat was a final act of dedication, ensuring that nothing unclean or defiled remained from the offering.

If any of the meat
The Hebrew word for "meat" here is "בָּשָׂר" (basar), which refers to flesh or food. In the context of Levitical sacrifices, this term emphasizes the physical aspect of the offering, which was a tangible gift to God. The meat of the peace offering was considered holy and set apart for a specific purpose, symbolizing the fellowship between the offerer and God. This highlights the sacredness of the offerings and the importance of following divine instructions precisely.

of his peace offering
The term "peace offering" is translated from the Hebrew "שֶׁלֶם" (shelem), which is derived from the root "שָׁלוֹם" (shalom), meaning peace, wholeness, or completeness. The peace offering was a voluntary sacrifice expressing gratitude, thanksgiving, or fulfillment of a vow. It symbolized reconciliation and communion with God, reflecting the harmonious relationship between the divine and the human. This offering was unique in that it was shared among the altar, the priests, and the offerer, signifying communal fellowship.

is eaten on the third day
The specification of "the third day" underscores the importance of adhering to God's timing and instructions. In the ancient Near Eastern context, the third day was often associated with completion and divine intervention. Eating the meat beyond the prescribed time frame violated the sanctity of the offering, as it was no longer considered fresh or acceptable. This restriction teaches the principle of obedience and the need to respect God's boundaries.

it will not be accepted
The Hebrew word for "accepted" is "רָצוֹן" (ratson), meaning favor or approval. In the sacrificial system, acceptance by God was paramount, as it signified divine approval and blessing. The rejection of the offering due to disobedience serves as a solemn reminder that God desires not just the act of sacrifice but the heart and obedience behind it. This principle is echoed throughout Scripture, emphasizing that God values righteousness and sincerity over ritual.

It will not be credited to the one who offers it
The phrase "credited to" comes from the Hebrew "חָשַׁב" (chashav), meaning to reckon or account. In the context of offerings, this implies that the act of sacrifice would not be counted as righteousness or merit for the offerer. This highlights the futility of ritual without obedience and the importance of aligning one's actions with God's commands. It serves as a warning against superficial religiosity and underscores the need for genuine devotion.

it will be an abomination
The term "abomination" is translated from the Hebrew "תּוֹעֵבָה" (to'evah), which denotes something detestable or loathsome. In the biblical context, this word is often used to describe actions that are morally or ritually repugnant to God. The strong language underscores the seriousness of violating God's commands and the resulting spiritual defilement. It serves as a stark reminder of the holiness of God and the need for purity in worship.

and the one who eats of it shall bear his iniquity
The phrase "bear his iniquity" is derived from the Hebrew "נָשָׂא עָוֹן" (nasa avon), meaning to carry or endure the consequences of sin. This reflects the biblical principle of personal responsibility and accountability before God. The act of eating the meat beyond the prescribed time was not just a ritual infraction but a moral failing, requiring the individual to face the consequences of their disobedience. It emphasizes the gravity of sin and the need for repentance and atonement.

Meat that touches anything unclean
In the Hebrew text, the word for "meat" is "בָּשָׂר" (basar), which refers to flesh or food. The concept of "unclean" (טָמֵא, tamei) is central to Levitical law, signifying ritual impurity. This phrase underscores the importance of maintaining purity in worship and daily life. The Israelites were called to be a holy people, set apart for God, and this required strict adherence to purity laws. The idea of something clean becoming unclean through contact is a powerful metaphor for the corrupting influence of sin.

must not be eaten
The prohibition against eating unclean meat is a direct command, emphasizing obedience to God's laws. In the ancient Near Eastern context, dietary laws were not just about health but about covenant faithfulness. Eating is an intimate act, and consuming something unclean would defile the individual, making them unfit for worship. This reflects the broader biblical theme that what we consume, both physically and spiritually, affects our relationship with God.

it shall be burned up
The command to burn the unclean meat signifies complete destruction, ensuring that no part of it is consumed or used. Burning is a purifying act, symbolizing the removal of impurity from the community. This act of burning also serves as a reminder of the seriousness of sin and the need for atonement. In a broader theological sense, it points to the ultimate purification and judgment that God will bring upon sin.

As for other meat
This phrase introduces a contrast, indicating that not all meat is subject to the same restrictions. The distinction between clean and unclean is a recurring theme in Leviticus, highlighting God's order and the importance of discernment. It reminds believers that while some things are permissible, others are not, and wisdom is needed to navigate these choices.

anyone who is ceremonially clean
The term "ceremonially clean" refers to a state of ritual purity required for participation in worship and community life. In Hebrew, "clean" is "טָהוֹר" (tahor), which means pure or free from defilement. This state was achieved through various purification rites, underscoring the need for holiness in approaching God. For Christians, this points to the cleansing power of Christ's sacrifice, which makes us spiritually clean and able to enter God's presence.

may eat it
The permission to eat clean meat is a blessing, reflecting God's provision and care for His people. Eating in a state of purity is an act of fellowship with God, a theme that resonates throughout Scripture. It reminds believers of the importance of gratitude and reverence in receiving God's gifts. In the New Testament, this is echoed in the Lord's Supper, where believers partake in communion with Christ, the ultimate source of spiritual nourishment.

But if anyone
This phrase introduces a conditional statement, emphasizing personal responsibility and accountability. In the Hebrew text, the word for "anyone" is "נֶפֶשׁ" (nephesh), often translated as "soul" or "person," indicating the individual nature of the command. It underscores that the law applies universally to all members of the community, without exception.

eats the meat
The act of eating here is significant, as it involves partaking in something sacred. The Hebrew verb "אָכַל" (akal) is used, which means to consume or devour. This action is not merely physical but carries spiritual implications, as eating the meat of the peace offering is an act of communion with God.

of the peace offering
The peace offering, or "שֶׁלֶם" (shelem), is a sacrifice of fellowship, symbolizing reconciliation and thanksgiving. It is one of the offerings that allowed the offerer to eat a portion, signifying a shared meal with God. This offering highlights the importance of maintaining purity when engaging in acts of worship and fellowship with the divine.

that belongs to the LORD
This phrase emphasizes the sacredness of the offering. The Hebrew word "לַיהוָה" (laYHWH) indicates possession, reminding the Israelites that the offerings are dedicated to God. It underscores the holiness of the sacrificial system and the need to approach it with reverence and purity.

while he is unclean
The state of being "unclean" is central to the Levitical laws. The Hebrew word "טָמֵא" (tamei) refers to ritual impurity, which could result from various causes, such as contact with a corpse or certain diseases. This impurity disqualified individuals from participating in sacred activities, highlighting the need for holiness and separation from sin.

that person must be cut off
The consequence of eating the peace offering while unclean is severe. The phrase "נִכְרְתָה הַנֶּפֶשׁ" (nikretah hanefesh) means "that soul shall be cut off." This could imply excommunication or even death, reflecting the seriousness of maintaining purity in worship. It serves as a stern warning to uphold the sanctity of God's commands.

from his people
The phrase "מֵעַמָּיו" (me'ammav) indicates separation from the community. This consequence underscores the communal nature of Israel's covenant with God, where individual actions affect the entire community. It highlights the importance of communal holiness and the impact of personal sin on the collective body of believers.

If anyone touches anything unclean
The phrase "touches anything unclean" refers to the act of coming into contact with something that is ritually impure according to the Mosaic Law. The Hebrew word for "unclean" is "טָמֵא" (tamei), which signifies a state of impurity that separates an individual from the holiness required to approach God. This concept underscores the importance of purity in maintaining a relationship with God and the community. In a broader sense, it serves as a reminder of the pervasive nature of sin and the need for vigilance in one's spiritual life.

whether human uncleanness
"Human uncleanness" includes various conditions outlined in Levitical law, such as skin diseases, bodily discharges, or contact with a corpse. These conditions, while often natural and unavoidable, symbolize the fallen state of humanity and the need for divine intervention and cleansing. The emphasis on human uncleanness highlights the inherent imperfection of mankind and the necessity of God's grace for restoration and sanctification.

or an unclean animal
The mention of "an unclean animal" refers to animals that were deemed impure for consumption or contact, as detailed in Leviticus 11. The distinction between clean and unclean animals served to set the Israelites apart from other nations and to instill a sense of discipline and obedience. This separation also foreshadows the ultimate separation between sin and holiness, pointing to the need for discernment in the believer's life.

or any unclean creature that moves along the ground
This phrase expands the scope of uncleanness to include "any unclean creature that moves along the ground," such as reptiles and insects. The Hebrew term "שֶׁרֶץ" (sheretz) encompasses a variety of small creatures that were considered impure. This comprehensive view of uncleanness serves as a metaphor for the pervasive nature of sin, which can infiltrate every aspect of life if not guarded against.

and then eats any of the meat of the peace offering belonging to the LORD
The "peace offering" was a voluntary sacrifice made to express gratitude and fellowship with God. Eating the meat of this offering while in a state of uncleanness was a serious violation, as it desecrated what was holy and dedicated to the LORD. This act symbolizes the importance of approaching God with reverence and purity, recognizing the sacredness of what is offered to Him.

that person must be cut off from his people
The consequence of being "cut off from his people" indicates a severe penalty, often interpreted as excommunication or even death. This underscores the gravity of defiling what is holy and the necessity of maintaining communal purity. It serves as a sobering reminder of the consequences of sin and the importance of living in accordance with God's commandments. In a spiritual sense, it calls believers to a life of holiness, set apart for God's purposes.

Then the LORD
The phrase "Then the LORD" signifies a direct communication from God, emphasizing His authority and the divine origin of the instructions that follow. In Hebrew, "LORD" is represented by the tetragrammaton YHWH, which is the sacred and personal name of God. This name is deeply rooted in the covenant relationship between God and Israel, highlighting His eternal presence and faithfulness. The use of "LORD" here underscores the importance and solemnity of the message being conveyed.

said
The word "said" in Hebrew is "אָמַר" (amar), which is often used in the context of divine revelation. This indicates that what follows is not merely a suggestion but a command from God. The act of speaking by God is a powerful reminder of His active involvement in the lives of His people. It reflects the biblical theme that God is not distant but communicates His will and guidance to His chosen leaders and, through them, to His people.

to Moses
Moses is the central human figure in the Pentateuch, serving as the mediator between God and the Israelites. His role as a prophet and leader is crucial, as he is the one through whom God delivers His laws and instructions. Historically, Moses is seen as the lawgiver, and his unique relationship with God is characterized by direct communication, as seen in this verse. The mention of Moses here reinforces his authority and the trust placed in him by God to faithfully transmit His commands to the people.

You are not to eat
This phrase is a direct command from God, emphasizing the importance of obedience to His laws. In Hebrew, the word for "eat" is "אָכַל" (akal), which means to consume or devour. The prohibition against eating certain parts of sacrificial animals underscores the need for holiness and separation from practices that might defile the Israelites. It reflects a broader principle of self-control and dedication to God's instructions, reminding believers of the importance of adhering to divine commands.

any of the fat
The Hebrew word for "fat" is "חֵלֶב" (chelev), which refers to the choicest or best part of the animal. In ancient Israel, fat was considered a luxury and a symbol of abundance. By prohibiting the consumption of fat, God was setting apart the best portions for Himself, as they were to be offered on the altar. This act of setting aside the best for God is a call to prioritize Him in all aspects of life, encouraging believers to offer their best in service and worship.

of an ox, a sheep, or a goat
These animals were commonly used in sacrificial offerings and were central to the agrarian lifestyle of the Israelites. The specific mention of these animals highlights their significance in the sacrificial system and the daily life of the community. Each animal had its own role and symbolism in the sacrificial rites, representing different aspects of atonement and fellowship with God. The prohibition against eating their fat serves as a reminder of the sacredness of the sacrificial system and the need to honor God's provisions and instructions.

The fat of an animal
In the Hebrew text, the word for "fat" is "חֵלֶב" (chelev), which refers to the choicest or best part of the animal. In ancient Israelite culture, fat was considered a symbol of abundance and blessing. However, in the context of sacrificial laws, it was reserved for God, symbolizing the offering of the best to the Creator. This reflects the principle that God deserves the first and finest of what we have, a theme that resonates throughout the Old Testament.

found dead or torn by wild beasts
The Hebrew words "נְבֵלָה" (nevelah) for "found dead" and "טְרֵפָה" (trefah) for "torn" indicate animals that have died naturally or been killed by predators. Such animals were considered unclean according to Levitical law. This distinction underscores the importance of purity and holiness in the daily lives of the Israelites, as they were called to be set apart from the surrounding nations. The prohibition against consuming these animals served as a constant reminder of their covenant relationship with God and the call to live according to His standards.

may be used for any other purpose
This phrase indicates a practical allowance within the law. While the fat of such animals was not to be consumed, it could be used for other purposes, such as making soap or oil for lamps. This reflects a balance between maintaining ritual purity and practical living. It shows that while God’s laws were strict, they were also considerate of the daily needs of His people.

but you must not eat it
The prohibition against eating the fat of animals that died naturally or were torn by beasts is a reiteration of the call to holiness. Eating such fat would defile the individual, making them unclean. This commandment emphasizes the importance of obedience and the need to respect the boundaries set by God. It serves as a reminder that the Israelites were to be distinct in their dietary practices, reflecting their unique identity as God’s chosen people.

If anyone eats
The phrase "If anyone eats" introduces a conditional statement, emphasizing personal responsibility and choice. In Hebrew, the word for "eats" is "אָכַל" (akal), which implies consumption or taking in. This highlights the act of eating as a deliberate action, suggesting that individuals are accountable for their dietary choices, especially in the context of sacred offerings.

the fat of an animal
The "fat of an animal" refers to the choicest parts, often considered the best portion. In Hebrew, "חֵלֶב" (chelev) is used for "fat," which was reserved for God in sacrificial offerings. This prohibition underscores the principle of giving God the best, a theme that runs throughout the sacrificial system, symbolizing devotion and reverence.

from which an offering made by fire to the LORD may be presented
This phrase specifies the type of animal, linking it to sacrificial practices. The Hebrew word for "offering" is "קָרְבָּן" (korban), meaning something brought near or presented. The "offering made by fire" signifies a burnt offering, a central element of worship in ancient Israel, symbolizing atonement and dedication to God.

the one who eats it
This phrase reiterates personal accountability. The individual who consumes the fat is directly addressed, emphasizing the seriousness of the act. It serves as a reminder that actions have consequences, particularly when they violate divine commandments.

must be cut off from his people
The consequence of being "cut off" is severe, indicating exclusion from the community. In Hebrew, "כָּרַת" (karat) means to cut or sever, suggesting a form of excommunication or divine judgment. This underscores the holiness required in the community of Israel and the importance of obedience to God's laws.

You must not eat
This command is a direct imperative, emphasizing the seriousness of the prohibition. The Hebrew root for "eat" is "אָכַל" (akal), which means to consume or devour. In the ancient Near Eastern context, eating was not merely a physical act but a spiritual one, often associated with covenantal relationships. The prohibition against eating blood underscores the sanctity of life, as blood symbolizes life itself (Leviticus 17:11). This command reflects God's desire for His people to respect the life He has created and to maintain purity in their dietary practices.

the blood
The Hebrew word for "blood" is "דָּם" (dam). Blood is a powerful symbol throughout the Bible, representing life and atonement. In Levitical law, blood was used in sacrificial rituals to atone for sin, signifying its sacredness. The prohibition against consuming blood is a reminder of its role in the sacrificial system and the ultimate sacrifice of Christ, whose blood was shed for the remission of sins (Hebrews 9:22). This commandment foreshadows the New Covenant, where believers are cleansed by the blood of Jesus, highlighting the continuity of God's redemptive plan.

of any bird or animal
This phrase extends the prohibition to all creatures, emphasizing the universality of the command. The Hebrew words for "bird" (עוֹף, oph) and "animal" (בְּהֵמָה, behemah) encompass all living creatures that the Israelites might consume. This comprehensive scope indicates that the sanctity of blood applies to all life forms, reinforcing the idea that life is a divine gift. Historically, this command set the Israelites apart from surrounding nations, many of whom consumed blood in their rituals, thus maintaining their distinct identity as God's chosen people.

in any of your dwellings
The term "dwellings" (מוֹשָׁב, moshav) refers to the places where the Israelites lived, whether in tents during their wilderness journey or in permanent homes in the Promised Land. This phrase indicates that the command is not limited to the tabernacle or temple but applies to everyday life. It underscores the principle that holiness is not confined to religious rituals but is to be a constant aspect of the believer's life. By adhering to this command in their homes, the Israelites were reminded of God's presence and their covenant relationship with Him, fostering a lifestyle of obedience and reverence.

If anyone
This phrase establishes a universal principle applicable to all members of the Israelite community. The Hebrew word used here, "נֶפֶשׁ" (nephesh), often translated as "soul" or "person," emphasizes the individual responsibility and accountability before God. It underscores the personal nature of the covenant relationship between God and His people, where each person is called to adhere to divine commandments.

eats blood
The consumption of blood is strictly prohibited in the Mosaic Law. The Hebrew word for blood, "דָּם" (dam), is significant throughout Scripture, symbolizing life itself (Leviticus 17:11). In ancient Near Eastern cultures, blood was often associated with life force and was used in various rituals. However, God’s command to abstain from eating blood sets the Israelites apart, emphasizing the sanctity of life and the importance of obedience to God's laws. This prohibition also foreshadows the ultimate sacrifice of Christ, whose blood would be shed for the atonement of sins.

that person
The phrase reiterates the individual accountability mentioned earlier. It highlights that the consequences of disobedience are personal and direct. In the community-oriented culture of ancient Israel, individual actions had communal implications, yet each person was responsible for their own adherence to God's commands.

must be cut off
The Hebrew term "כָּרַת" (karat) is used here, which can mean to be cut off or to be excommunicated. This severe consequence reflects the seriousness of the offense. Being "cut off" could imply a range of outcomes, from social ostracism to divine judgment. It serves as a deterrent against disobedience and underscores the holiness required of God’s people. The phrase also points to the spiritual separation from God that sin causes, a theme that runs throughout Scripture.

from his people
This phrase indicates the communal aspect of the covenant. The Israelites were not just individuals but a collective chosen by God to be a holy nation. Being cut off from the people meant losing one's place in the covenant community, which was both a social and spiritual loss. It serves as a reminder of the importance of community in the life of faith and the collective responsibility to uphold God’s laws. This communal identity is echoed in the New Testament, where believers are called to be the body of Christ, living in unity and holiness.

Then the LORD
The phrase "Then the LORD" signifies a direct communication from God, emphasizing His authority and the divine origin of the instructions that follow. In Hebrew, "LORD" is represented by the tetragrammaton YHWH, which is considered the most sacred name of God, highlighting His eternal and unchanging nature. This introduction underscores the importance of the message and the need for obedience to God's commands. Historically, this reflects the theocratic nature of Israelite society, where God was seen as the ultimate ruler and lawgiver.

said
The word "said" in Hebrew is "אָמַר" (amar), which is often used in the context of divine revelation. This indicates not just a casual conversation but a formal declaration or command. The use of "said" here implies that what follows is not merely advice but a directive that carries the weight of divine authority. In the broader scriptural context, God's spoken word is powerful and creative, as seen in Genesis where God speaks the world into existence.

to Moses
Moses is a central figure in the Old Testament, serving as the mediator between God and the Israelites. His role as a prophet and leader is crucial, as he is chosen by God to deliver His laws and guide His people. The mention of Moses here reinforces his authority and the trust placed in him by God. Historically, Moses is seen as a type of Christ, a foreshadowing of the ultimate mediator between God and humanity. This connection is significant in understanding the continuity of God's plan throughout the Bible.

Speak to the Israelites
This phrase underscores the direct communication between God and His chosen people, the Israelites. The Hebrew root for "speak" is "דבר" (dabar), which implies not just casual conversation but a formal declaration or command. This highlights the importance of the message being delivered. Historically, the Israelites were a covenant community, and God's instructions were central to their identity and relationship with Him. This phrase sets the stage for a divine directive that is meant to guide the community in their worship practices.

and say
The repetition of communication terms emphasizes the seriousness and clarity with which God wants His instructions conveyed. The Hebrew word "אמר" (amar) is used here, which often denotes a more personal or intimate form of speaking. This suggests that while the message is authoritative, it is also meant to be understood and internalized by the people, reflecting God's desire for a personal relationship with His followers.

Anyone who brings
This phrase is inclusive, indicating that the instructions apply to every individual within the community. The Hebrew word "איש" (ish) for "anyone" can mean man or person, emphasizing that the act of bringing a sacrifice is a personal responsibility and privilege. It reflects the communal and individual aspects of worship, where each person is accountable to God.

a fellowship sacrifice
The term "fellowship sacrifice" is translated from the Hebrew "זבח שלמים" (zevach shelamim), which can also be rendered as "peace offering." This type of sacrifice was unique in that it symbolized peace and communion with God. It was a voluntary act of worship, expressing gratitude, fulfillment of a vow, or spontaneous devotion. Historically, it was a shared meal, symbolizing fellowship not only with God but also with the community, as parts of the sacrifice were eaten by the offerer and their family.

to the LORD
This phrase signifies the ultimate recipient of the sacrifice, which is God Himself. The Hebrew "יהוה" (YHWH) is the sacred name of God, often rendered as "LORD" in English translations. It emphasizes the covenant relationship between God and Israel, where sacrifices were acts of worship and obedience to the one true God. This highlights the theocentric nature of Israelite worship, where all acts of devotion are directed towards God.

is to bring part of it
This instruction indicates that not the entire sacrifice was to be consumed on the altar. The Hebrew "קרב" (qarab) means to bring near or present, suggesting an offering that is intentionally set apart for God. This reflects the principle of giving God the first and best portion, a practice that acknowledges His sovereignty and provision.

as their sacrifice
The phrase "as their sacrifice" personalizes the act of offering. The Hebrew "קרבן" (korban) refers to something brought near to God, signifying dedication and consecration. This personal aspect of sacrifice underscores the individual's devotion and commitment to God, making the act of offering not just a ritual, but a heartfelt expression of faith.

to the LORD
Reiterating the recipient of the sacrifice, this phrase reinforces the focus of worship. The repetition of "to the LORD" in the verse serves as a reminder that all acts of worship and sacrifice are ultimately for God's glory and honor. It calls the worshiper to a posture of reverence and submission, recognizing God's holiness and authority.

With his own hands
This phrase emphasizes personal responsibility and involvement in the act of worship. In the Hebrew context, the use of one's own hands signifies a direct and personal connection to the offering, symbolizing sincerity and devotion. The act of bringing the offering personally underscores the importance of individual participation in worship and the personal relationship between the worshiper and God.

he is to bring
The Hebrew verb used here, "qarab," means to approach or bring near. This action is not merely a physical movement but a spiritual act of drawing near to God. It reflects the worshiper's desire to come into God's presence, acknowledging His holiness and seeking His favor.

the offerings made by fire
These offerings, known as "ishsheh" in Hebrew, were sacrifices consumed by fire on the altar. The fire symbolizes God's presence and His consuming holiness. The offerings made by fire were a means of atonement and communion with God, representing the worshiper's dedication and the purification of sin.

to the LORD
The term "LORD" here is the tetragrammaton YHWH, the sacred and personal name of God revealed to Moses. It signifies the covenant relationship between God and Israel. Bringing offerings to the LORD is an act of obedience and reverence, acknowledging His sovereignty and grace.

He shall bring the fat
In ancient Israelite sacrificial practices, the fat was considered the best part of the animal, symbolizing richness and abundance. Offering the fat to God signifies giving Him the best of what one has, an act of honor and respect. It reflects the principle of offering God the first and finest of our resources.

together with the breast
The breast of the sacrificial animal was significant as it was part of the peace offering, symbolizing fellowship and thanksgiving. The breast was given to the priests, representing God's provision for those who serve Him. This act highlights the communal aspect of worship, where the blessings of God are shared among His people.

that the breast may be waved
The wave offering, or "tenufah" in Hebrew, involved a ritualistic movement of the offering before the LORD. This act symbolized presenting the offering to God and then receiving it back as a gift from Him. It signifies the acknowledgment of God's provision and the worshiper's gratitude.

as a wave offering before the LORD
The wave offering was a unique ritual that demonstrated the worshiper's acknowledgment of God's sovereignty and generosity. By waving the offering before the LORD, the worshiper expressed submission and gratitude, recognizing that all blessings come from Him. This act of worship was a reminder of the covenant relationship and the continual need for God's presence and favor in the life of His people.

The priest
The Hebrew word for "priest" is "kohen," which signifies one who is set apart for sacred duties. In the context of Leviticus, the priesthood is a divinely appointed role, representing the people before God and God to the people. The priest's duties were not only ritualistic but also deeply spiritual, serving as mediators of God's covenant. This highlights the importance of spiritual leadership and the responsibility of those who serve in such capacities to maintain holiness and dedication to God's service.

shall burn
The act of burning, from the Hebrew "qatar," implies a complete offering to God, symbolizing the transformation of the physical into the spiritual. Burning the fat on the altar was an act of worship and obedience, signifying the offering of the best parts to God. This act reminds believers of the need to offer their best to God, not just in material terms but in devotion and service.

the fat
In ancient Israelite culture, fat was considered the best part of the animal, symbolizing richness and abundance. The Hebrew word "cheleb" refers to this choice portion. By commanding that the fat be burned, God was instructing the Israelites to offer the best to Him, acknowledging His provision and sovereignty. This serves as a reminder to prioritize God in our lives, offering Him the first and best of our resources and efforts.

on the altar
The altar, or "mizbeach" in Hebrew, was a sacred place of sacrifice and worship. It was the meeting point between God and man, where offerings were made to atone for sin and express devotion. The altar's significance in the Israelite community underscores the centrality of worship and sacrifice in maintaining a relationship with God. It calls believers to approach God with reverence and sincerity, recognizing the altar as a place of transformation and communion.

but the breast
The breast, or "chazeh" in Hebrew, was a portion of the peace offering given to the priests. It symbolizes sustenance and provision for those who serve in God's house. This allocation reflects God's care for His servants, ensuring they are provided for as they dedicate their lives to His service. It also illustrates the principle of sharing and community support within the body of believers.

belongs to Aaron and his sons
Aaron and his sons, the appointed priestly family, were given specific portions of the offerings as their inheritance. This provision underscores the principle of divine appointment and the special role of the priesthood in Israel. It highlights the importance of supporting those who minister in spiritual capacities, recognizing their dedication and service to God and His people. This phrase also points to the continuity of God's covenant through the generations, as the priestly duties and blessings were passed down within the family of Aaron.

And you are to give
This phrase indicates a commandment, a directive from God to the Israelites. The Hebrew root word for "give" is "נָתַן" (natan), which means to bestow or grant. This act of giving is not merely a transaction but a sacred duty, reflecting the Israelites' obedience and reverence towards God. It underscores the principle of offering back to God a portion of what He has provided, acknowledging His sovereignty and provision.

the right thigh
The "right thigh" is significant in the context of ancient Israelite sacrificial practices. The Hebrew term for "thigh" is "שׁוֹק" (shoq), which refers to the leg or the upper part of the leg. The right side was traditionally considered the side of strength and favor. By designating the right thigh, God was instructing the Israelites to offer a portion of value and significance, symbolizing strength and honor, to the priesthood.

to the priest
The priest, or "כֹּהֵן" (kohen) in Hebrew, served as a mediator between God and the people. This role was divinely appointed, and the priests were responsible for performing the sacrifices and maintaining the sanctity of the tabernacle. By giving the right thigh to the priest, the Israelites were supporting the priestly ministry, ensuring that those who served God full-time were provided for, thus maintaining the spiritual health of the community.

as a contribution
The word "contribution" comes from the Hebrew "תְּרוּמָה" (terumah), which means an offering or a gift. This was not just any gift but a sacred portion set apart for God’s service. The act of contributing was an expression of gratitude and worship, acknowledging God’s blessings and the role of the priesthood in facilitating the people's relationship with God.

from your peace offering
The "peace offering," or "שֶׁלֶם" (shelem) in Hebrew, was a type of sacrifice that symbolized fellowship and communion with God. It was an offering of thanksgiving, often shared between the altar, the priests, and the offerer. By giving a portion of the peace offering to the priest, the Israelites were participating in a communal act of worship, celebrating the peace and reconciliation they had with God. This offering was a reminder of the covenant relationship between God and His people, emphasizing harmony, gratitude, and shared blessings.

The son of Aaron
This phrase refers to the descendants of Aaron, the brother of Moses, who was appointed by God as the first high priest of Israel. The Aaronic priesthood was established to serve as mediators between God and the Israelites, performing sacrifices and rituals as prescribed in the Law. The Hebrew root for "son" (בֵּן, ben) signifies not only a biological descendant but also a member of a particular group or order, emphasizing the hereditary nature of the priesthood. This lineage underscores the continuity and faithfulness of God's covenant with Israel, as the priesthood was a perpetual institution meant to guide the people in worship and holiness.

who presents the blood and the fat
In the sacrificial system, the priest's role was to present the blood and fat of the offerings to God. The Hebrew word for "presents" (קָרַב, qarab) means to bring near or to offer, indicating the priest's duty to mediate between the people and God. Blood, representing life, was a crucial element in atonement rituals, symbolizing purification and reconciliation with God. The fat, considered the best part of the animal, was offered as a pleasing aroma to the Lord. This act of presenting the blood and fat highlights the priest's responsibility to ensure that the offerings were made in accordance with divine instructions, maintaining the sanctity and order of worship.

of the peace offering
The peace offering, or "shelamim" (שְׁלָמִים) in Hebrew, was a voluntary sacrifice expressing thanksgiving, fulfillment of a vow, or freewill devotion to God. It symbolized fellowship and communion with the Lord, as part of the offering was consumed by the worshiper, part by the priest, and part burned on the altar. This offering reflects the relational aspect of worship, where the worshiper acknowledges God's provision and seeks to maintain a harmonious relationship with Him. The peace offering serves as a reminder of the peace and reconciliation that God desires with His people, ultimately fulfilled in the New Testament through Jesus Christ, the Prince of Peace.

shall have the right thigh as his portion
The right thigh, or "shoq" (שׁוֹק) in Hebrew, was designated as the priest's portion from the peace offering. This allocation was a provision for the priests, who relied on the offerings for their sustenance, as they had no inheritance of land like the other tribes of Israel. The right thigh, being a choice cut, signifies the honor and respect accorded to the priestly service. This portion underscores the principle that those who serve in the ministry are worthy of support and provision, a concept echoed in the New Testament where Paul speaks of the rights of those who preach the gospel to receive their living from it (1 Corinthians 9:13-14). The allocation of the right thigh also symbolizes the sharing of God's blessings with those who dedicate their lives to His service, reinforcing the communal and supportive nature of the faith community.

For I have taken
The phrase signifies God's sovereign authority and divine prerogative in establishing the laws and rituals for His people. The Hebrew root "לקח" (laqach) implies a deliberate and purposeful action, emphasizing God's intentionality in setting apart specific portions for the priests. This reflects the broader biblical theme of God's provision and care for those who serve Him.

the breast of the wave offering
The "breast" (Hebrew: "חזה" - chazeh) was a significant part of the sacrificial animal, symbolizing strength and vitality. The "wave offering" (Hebrew: "תנופה" - tenufah) involved a ritualistic motion of presenting the offering before the Lord, signifying dedication and consecration. This act of waving was a physical demonstration of offering something to God and then receiving it back for a holy purpose, illustrating the reciprocal relationship between God and His people.

and the right thigh
The "right thigh" (Hebrew: "שוק" - shoq) was considered a choice portion, symbolizing honor and strength. In ancient Near Eastern culture, the right side often represented power and authority. By designating the right thigh for the priests, God was ensuring that those who ministered before Him were honored and sustained, reflecting His justice and provision.

from the Israelites
This phrase underscores the communal aspect of the offerings. The Israelites, as a covenant community, were collectively responsible for supporting the priesthood. This communal responsibility highlights the interconnectedness of worship, service, and community life in Israel, reminding believers today of the importance of supporting those who minister in spiritual matters.

out of their fellowship offerings
The "fellowship offerings" (Hebrew: "שלמים" - shelamim) were sacrifices that symbolized peace and communion with God. These offerings were unique in that they were shared between the altar, the priests, and the offerer, representing a harmonious relationship with God. This sharing aspect points to the New Testament concept of koinonia, or fellowship, within the body of Christ.

and I have given them to Aaron the priest and to his sons
This allocation to Aaron and his sons signifies the establishment of the priestly lineage and their role in mediating between God and the people. The priesthood was a divine institution, and this provision ensured that the priests could focus on their sacred duties without concern for their material needs, illustrating God's care for those who serve Him.

as a perpetual portion
The term "perpetual" (Hebrew: "חוק עולם" - choq olam) indicates an everlasting ordinance, signifying the enduring nature of God's covenant with the priesthood. This perpetual provision underscores the unchanging nature of God's promises and His faithfulness to His covenant people.

from the Israelites
Reiterating the source of the provision, this phrase emphasizes the role of the community in sustaining the priesthood. It serves as a reminder of the mutual responsibilities within the covenant community, where the spiritual and material support of God's servants is a shared duty.

This is the portion
The phrase "This is the portion" signifies a specific allocation or share designated for a particular purpose. In the Hebrew context, the word "portion" (חֵלֶק, chelek) often denotes an inheritance or a rightful share. This reflects the divine provision and the sacred duty bestowed upon the priestly line. It underscores the idea that God provides for those who serve Him, ensuring that their needs are met through the offerings of the people.

of the offerings for the LORD made by fire
The "offerings for the LORD made by fire" refers to the sacrificial system established by God for the Israelites. The Hebrew word for offerings, קָרְבָּן (korban), implies something brought near or presented. These offerings were a means of worship and atonement, symbolizing the people's devotion and obedience to God. The fire represents purification and the divine presence, as sacrifices were consumed on the altar, transforming the physical into a spiritual act of worship.

that was allotted to Aaron and his sons
The phrase "that was allotted to Aaron and his sons" highlights the divine appointment and provision for the priestly family. Aaron, the first high priest, and his descendants were chosen by God to serve in the tabernacle, a role that required dedication and holiness. The Hebrew root for "allotted" (נָתַן, natan) means to give or bestow, indicating that this portion was a gift from God, ensuring the priests could focus on their sacred duties without concern for their sustenance.

on the day they were presented
"On the day they were presented" refers to the consecration of Aaron and his sons into the priesthood. This was a significant event, marked by rituals and sacrifices, symbolizing their sanctification and readiness to serve. The Hebrew word for "presented" (מִלּוּא, millu) can also mean to fill or fulfill, suggesting that their presentation was the fulfillment of God's command and the beginning of their lifelong service.

to serve the LORD as priests
The phrase "to serve the LORD as priests" encapsulates the primary role and responsibility of Aaron and his sons. The Hebrew word for "serve" (שָׁרַת, sharath) implies ministering or attending to duties with devotion. As priests, they acted as mediators between God and the people, performing sacrifices, teaching the law, and maintaining the sanctity of the tabernacle. This service was not just a duty but a calling, reflecting a life dedicated to worship and obedience to God.

On the day they were anointed
The phrase "on the day they were anointed" refers to the specific time when the priests were consecrated for their sacred duties. The Hebrew word for "anointed" is "mashach," which means to smear or consecrate with oil. This act of anointing was a significant ritual in ancient Israel, symbolizing the setting apart of individuals for divine service. It marked the beginning of their holy responsibilities and was a public declaration of their role as mediators between God and the people. The anointing oil itself was a special blend, as described in Exodus 30:22-25, signifying the Holy Spirit's empowerment and presence.

the LORD commanded
This phrase underscores the divine authority behind the instructions given. The Hebrew word for "commanded" is "tsavah," which implies a direct order or charge. It highlights that the instructions were not merely suggestions but were mandates from God Himself. This divine commandment reflects the covenant relationship between God and Israel, where obedience to His statutes was a demonstration of faith and reverence. It also emphasizes the importance of following God's directives precisely, as they were integral to maintaining holiness and order within the community.

that this be given to them by the Israelites
Here, "that this be given to them" refers to the portions of the sacrifices allocated to the priests. The Israelites were instructed to provide these portions as a means of supporting the priestly class, who had no inheritance of land like the other tribes. This provision was a practical expression of the community's responsibility to sustain those who ministered before the Lord. It also served as a reminder of the interconnectedness of the community, where each member had a role in upholding the spiritual and physical well-being of the nation.

it is their perpetual share
The term "perpetual share" indicates that this provision was not temporary but was to be a lasting ordinance. The Hebrew word for "perpetual" is "olam," which can mean eternal or everlasting. This underscores the enduring nature of God's covenant with the priesthood and the ongoing need for their service in the tabernacle and later the temple. It reflects the timeless principle that those who serve in spiritual capacities should be supported by the community they serve.

throughout their generations
This phrase emphasizes the continuity of the priestly provision across successive generations. It highlights the enduring nature of God's commandments and the importance of passing down these statutes from one generation to the next. The Hebrew word for "generations" is "dor," which signifies a cycle or age. This continuity ensured that the priestly line would be sustained, allowing for the consistent worship and service to God. It also serves as a reminder of the faithfulness required by each generation to uphold God's laws and maintain the spiritual heritage entrusted to them.

This is the law
The phrase "This is the law" signifies a divine mandate, a set of instructions given by God to the Israelites. The Hebrew word for "law" is "torah," which means instruction or teaching. It underscores the importance of these offerings as not merely ritualistic practices but as divinely ordained acts of worship and obedience. The law serves as a guide for the Israelites to maintain a covenant relationship with God, emphasizing holiness and purity.

of the burnt offering
The "burnt offering" (Hebrew: "olah") is one of the oldest and most significant offerings, symbolizing complete surrender to God. The entire animal was consumed by fire, representing total dedication and atonement for sin. Archaeological findings, such as altars and sacrificial remains, corroborate the practice of burnt offerings in ancient Near Eastern cultures, highlighting its importance in Israelite worship.

the grain offering
The "grain offering" (Hebrew: "minchah") was a tribute to God, often consisting of fine flour, oil, and frankincense. It symbolizes the fruits of human labor and the acknowledgment of God's provision. Historically, grain offerings were a common practice in agrarian societies, reflecting gratitude and dependence on divine sustenance.

the sin offering
The "sin offering" (Hebrew: "chatat") was instituted for atonement of unintentional sins. It highlights the seriousness of sin and the need for purification. The offering served as a reminder of the holiness of God and the necessity of repentance and forgiveness. Scripturally, it points forward to the ultimate sacrifice of Christ, who atones for the sins of humanity.

the guilt offering
The "guilt offering" (Hebrew: "asham") was required for specific transgressions, particularly those involving restitution. It emphasizes the need for reconciliation and making amends. This offering teaches the importance of accountability and the restoration of relationships, both with God and with others.

the ordination offering
The "ordination offering" (Hebrew: "millu'im") was part of the consecration of priests. It signifies the setting apart of individuals for holy service. The ordination offering underscores the sacredness of the priestly role and the need for purity and dedication in serving God. Historically, this practice established the priesthood as mediators between God and the people.

and the peace offering
The "peace offering" (Hebrew: "shelem") was a voluntary act of worship, expressing thanksgiving and fellowship with God. It often included a communal meal, symbolizing harmony and communion. The peace offering reflects the joy and gratitude of a reconciled relationship with God, pointing to the ultimate peace found in Christ.

which the LORD gave Moses
This phrase underscores the divine origin of the laws and instructions given in Leviticus. The Hebrew word for "LORD" is "YHWH," the sacred and personal name of God, emphasizing His covenant relationship with Israel. The giving of the law to Moses signifies a direct communication from God, highlighting Moses' role as a mediator between God and His people. This divine transmission underscores the authority and sacredness of the instructions, reminding believers of the importance of obedience to God's commands.

on Mount Sinai
Mount Sinai is a significant location in biblical history, where God revealed Himself to Moses and the Israelites. It is a place of divine encounter and covenant-making. The mountain symbolizes God's holiness and the awe-inspiring nature of His presence. Historically, Mount Sinai is identified with Jebel Musa in the Sinai Peninsula, though its exact location remains debated. The mention of Mount Sinai serves as a reminder of the foundational moment when God established His covenant with Israel, setting them apart as His chosen people.

on the day He commanded
This phrase indicates a specific time when God issued His commands, emphasizing the immediacy and urgency of His instructions. The Hebrew word for "commanded" is "tsavah," which conveys the idea of giving orders or directives with authority. It reflects God's sovereign right to direct the lives of His people and their responsibility to respond in obedience. The timing of God's command underscores His active involvement in the lives of the Israelites, guiding them according to His divine will.

the Israelites to present their offerings
The Israelites, or "Bnei Yisrael" in Hebrew, are the descendants of Jacob, chosen by God to be His covenant people. The act of presenting offerings is central to their worship and relationship with God. Offerings, or "korbanot," were a means of expressing devotion, seeking atonement, and maintaining fellowship with God. This phrase highlights the communal and individual responsibility of the Israelites to honor God through sacrificial worship, reflecting their commitment to the covenant relationship.

to the LORD
This phrase reiterates the focus of the offerings: they are directed to "YHWH," the covenant God of Israel. The offerings are not merely ritualistic acts but expressions of worship and reverence to the one true God. This underscores the monotheistic faith of Israel and their exclusive devotion to the LORD, distinguishing them from the surrounding polytheistic cultures. The phrase calls believers to a wholehearted dedication to God, recognizing Him as the ultimate recipient of their worship and service.

in the Wilderness of Sinai
The Wilderness of Sinai represents the transitional period of Israel's journey from slavery in Egypt to the Promised Land. It is a place of testing, revelation, and transformation. The wilderness experience is symbolic of the believer's journey of faith, marked by dependence on God and preparation for future promises. The mention of the wilderness context emphasizes God's provision and guidance during times of uncertainty and challenge, encouraging believers to trust in His faithfulness throughout their spiritual journey.