Song of Solomon 5:10
New International Version
My beloved is radiant and ruddy, outstanding among ten thousand.

New Living Translation
My lover is dark and dazzling, better than ten thousand others!

English Standard Version
My beloved is radiant and ruddy, distinguished among ten thousand.

Berean Standard Bible
My beloved is dazzling and ruddy, outstanding among ten thousand.

King James Bible
My beloved is white and ruddy, the chiefest among ten thousand.

New King James Version
My beloved is white and ruddy, Chief among ten thousand.

New American Standard Bible
“My beloved is dazzling and reddish, Outstanding among ten thousand.

NASB 1995
“My beloved is dazzling and ruddy, Outstanding among ten thousand.

NASB 1977
“My beloved is dazzling and ruddy, Outstanding among ten thousand.

Legacy Standard Bible
“My beloved is dazzling and ruddy, Lifted up as a banner among ten thousand.

Amplified Bible
“My beloved is exquisitely handsome and ruddy, Outstanding among ten thousand.

Christian Standard Bible
My love is fit and strong, notable among ten thousand.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
My love is fit and strong, notable among ten thousand.

American Standard Version
My beloved is white and ruddy, The chiefest among ten thousand.

Contemporary English Version
He is handsome and healthy, the most outstanding among ten thousand.

English Revised Version
My beloved is white and ruddy, the chiefest among ten thousand.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
My beloved is dazzling yet ruddy. He stands out among 10,000 men.

Good News Translation
My lover is handsome and strong; he is one in ten thousand.

International Standard Version
My beloved is dazzling, with a dark and healthy complexion, outstanding among ten thousand.

Majority Standard Bible
My beloved is dazzling and ruddy, outstanding among ten thousand.

NET Bible
My beloved is dazzling and ruddy; he stands out in comparison to all other men.

New Heart English Bible
My beloved is radiant and tan. The best among ten thousand.

Webster's Bible Translation
My beloved is white and ruddy, the chief among ten thousand.

World English Bible
My beloved is white and ruddy. The best among ten thousand.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
My beloved [is] clear and ruddy, "" Conspicuous above a myriad!

Young's Literal Translation
My beloved is clear and ruddy, Conspicuous above a myriad!

Smith's Literal Translation
My beloved is white and ruddy, bearing the standard of ten thousand.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
My beloved is white and ruddy, chosen out of thousands.

Catholic Public Domain Version
Bride: My beloved is white and ruddy, elect among thousands.

New American Bible
My lover is radiant and ruddy; outstanding among thousands.

New Revised Standard Version
My beloved is all radiant and ruddy, distinguished among ten thousand.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
My beloved is white and ruddy, the chiefest among ten thousand.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
My beloved is white and blood red, and choice of ten thousand
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
My beloved is white and ruddy, Pre-eminent above ten thousand.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
My kinsman is white and ruddy, chosen out from myriads.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Bride and Her Beloved
9How is your beloved better than others, O most beautiful among women? How is your beloved better than another, that you charge us so? 10My beloved is dazzling and ruddy, outstanding among ten thousand. 11His head is purest gold; his hair is wavy and black as a raven.…

Cross References
Psalm 45:2
You are the most handsome of men; grace has anointed your lips; therefore God has blessed you forever.

Revelation 1:14-15
The hair of His head was white like wool, as white as snow, and His eyes were like a blazing fire. / His feet were like polished bronze refined in a furnace, and His voice was like the roar of many waters.

Isaiah 33:17
Your eyes will see the King in His beauty and behold a land that stretches afar.

Matthew 17:2
There He was transfigured before them. His face shone like the sun, and His clothes became as white as the light.

Daniel 7:9
As I continued to watch, thrones were set in place, and the Ancient of Days took His seat. His clothing was white as snow, and the hair of His head was like pure wool. His throne was flaming with fire, and its wheels were all ablaze.

Revelation 19:11-16
Then I saw heaven standing open, and there before me was a white horse. And its rider is called Faithful and True. With righteousness He judges and wages war. / He has eyes like blazing fire, and many royal crowns on His head. He has a name written on Him that only He Himself knows. / He is dressed in a robe dipped in blood, and His name is The Word of God. ...

Psalm 89:19
You once spoke in a vision; to Your godly ones You said, “I have bestowed help on a warrior; I have exalted one chosen from the people.

Colossians 1:15-18
The Son is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn over all creation. / For in Him all things were created, things in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or dominions or rulers or authorities. All things were created through Him and for Him. / He is before all things, and in Him all things hold together. ...

Isaiah 63:1
Who is this coming from Edom, from Bozrah with crimson-stained garments? Who is this robed in splendor, marching in the greatness of His strength? “It is I, proclaiming vindication, mighty to save.”

Hebrews 1:3
The Son is the radiance of God’s glory and the exact representation of His nature, upholding all things by His powerful word. After He had provided purification for sins, He sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high.

Psalm 27:4
One thing I have asked of the LORD; this is what I desire: to dwell in the house of the LORD all the days of my life, to gaze on the beauty of the LORD and seek Him in His temple.

John 1:14
The Word became flesh and made His dwelling among us. We have seen His glory, the glory of the one and only Son from the Father, full of grace and truth.

Ezekiel 1:26-28
Above the expanse over their heads was the likeness of a throne with the appearance of sapphire, and on the throne high above was a figure like that of a man. / From what seemed to be His waist up, I saw a gleam like amber, with what looked like fire within it all around. And from what seemed to be His waist down, I saw what looked like fire; and brilliant light surrounded Him. / The appearance of the brilliant light all around Him was like that of a rainbow in a cloud on a rainy day. This was the appearance of the likeness of the glory of the LORD. And when I saw it, I fell facedown and heard a voice speaking.

Philippians 2:9-11
Therefore God exalted Him to the highest place and gave Him the name above all names, / that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth, / and every tongue confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.

Isaiah 9:6
For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given, and the government will be upon His shoulders. And He will be called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace.


Treasury of Scripture

My beloved is white and ruddy, the most chief among ten thousand.

beloved

Song of Solomon 2:1
I am the rose of Sharon, and the lily of the valleys.

Deuteronomy 32:31
For their rock is not as our Rock, even our enemies themselves being judges.

Psalm 45:17
I will make thy name to be remembered in all generations: therefore shall the people praise thee for ever and ever.

the chiefest or standard bearer

Isaiah 10:18
And shall consume the glory of his forest, and of his fruitful field, both soul and body: and they shall be as when a standardbearer fainteth.

Isaiah 59:19
So shall they fear the name of the LORD from the west, and his glory from the rising of the sun. When the enemy shall come in like a flood, the Spirit of the LORD shall lift up a standard against him.

Romans 9:5
Whose are the fathers, and of whom as concerning the flesh Christ came, who is over all, God blessed for ever. Amen.

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Beloved Best Chief Chiefest Clear Conspicuous Dazzling Distinguished Lover Myriad Outstanding Pre-Eminent Radiant Red Ruddy Ten Thousand White
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Beloved Best Chief Chiefest Clear Conspicuous Dazzling Distinguished Lover Myriad Outstanding Pre-Eminent Radiant Red Ruddy Ten Thousand White
Song of Solomon 5
1. Christ awakes the church with his calling
2. The church having a taste of Christ's love is sick of love
9. A description of Christ by his graces














My beloved
This phrase is a term of deep affection and intimacy, often used to describe a close and cherished relationship. In the Hebrew text, the word "beloved" is "דּוֹדִי" (dodi), which conveys a sense of deep love and friendship. In the context of the Song of Solomon, it reflects the profound love between the bride and her bridegroom, symbolizing the intimate relationship between Christ and His Church. This term invites believers to reflect on the personal and loving relationship they are called to have with Jesus, who is our ultimate "beloved."

is dazzling
The Hebrew word used here is "צַח" (tsach), which can be translated as "bright" or "radiant." This description emphasizes the purity and brilliance of the beloved, suggesting a sense of divine beauty and holiness. In a spiritual sense, it points to the glory and majesty of Christ, who is the light of the world. His dazzling nature draws believers to Him, illuminating their lives with His truth and grace.

and ruddy
The term "ruddy" comes from the Hebrew word "אָדוֹם" (adom), which means red or reddish. This description may refer to a healthy, vibrant complexion, symbolizing vitality and strength. Historically, "ruddy" was associated with youthfulness and vigor, qualities that are often attributed to King David, who was described similarly in 1 Samuel 16:12. In a Christological interpretation, it can also allude to the sacrificial love of Christ, whose blood was shed for the redemption of humanity.

outstanding among ten thousand
The phrase "outstanding among ten thousand" highlights the uniqueness and preeminence of the beloved. The Hebrew word "דָּגוּל" (dagul) means "distinguished" or "set apart." This superlative expression underscores the incomparable nature of the beloved, setting him above all others. In a spiritual context, it reflects the supremacy of Christ, who is exalted above all creation. He is the King of kings and Lord of lords, unmatched in His glory and worthiness. This phrase calls believers to recognize and honor the unparalleled position of Christ in their lives and in the universe.

(10) Chiefest.--Marg., a standard bearer; Heb. dag-l, participle of a word occurring in Psalm 20:5, where the Authorised Version gives "we will set up our banners."

Verse 10. - My beloved is white and ruddy, the chiefest among ten thousand. The mingling of colours in the countenance is a peculiar excellence. The word tsach, from the root tsahach (cf. Lamentations 4:7), means a bright, shining clearness; it is not the same as lavan, which would mean "dead white." So in Greek λαμπρὸς differs from λεῦκος. The red adhom, from the root dam, which means "to condense," is dark red (rouge puce), no doubt as betokening health and vigour. The pure, delicate white among the Caucasians denotes high rank, superior training, hereditary nobility, as among ourselves the "aristocratic paleness" (cf. Hom., 'I1,' 4:141, "ivory with purple;" Virg., 'AEn.,' 12:65; Ovid, 'Am.,' 2; ' Eleg.,' 5:39; Hor., Od., 1:13, etc.; Tibull., 'Eleg.,' ext. 4, etc.). The chiefest, that is, the distinguished one, the chosen (so the Greek versions, Syriac, Jerome, Luther). The LXX. has ἐκλελοξισμένος, e cohorte selectus. Another rendering is "bannered," furnished with a banner or pennon (דֶּגֶל) hence the word דָּגוּל as a past participle (so the Venetian σεσημαιωμένος). The numeral (revava) "ten thousand" is simply used to represent an innumerable multitude; "myriad" is so used among ourselves (cf. Ezekiel 16:7).

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
My beloved
דּוֹדִ֥י (dō·w·ḏî)
Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular
Strong's 1730: To love, a love-token, lover, friend, an uncle

is dazzling
צַח֙ (ṣaḥ)
Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 6703: Dazzling, sunny, bright, evident

and ruddy,
וְאָד֔וֹם (wə·’ā·ḏō·wm)
Conjunctive waw | Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 122: Rosy

outstanding
דָּג֖וּל (dā·ḡūl)
Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine singular
Strong's 1713: To flaunt, raise a, flag, to be conspicuous

among ten thousand.
מֵרְבָבָֽה׃ (mê·rə·ḇā·ḇāh)
Preposition-m | Number - feminine singular
Strong's 7233: Multitude, myriad, ten thousand


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OT Poetry: Song of Solomon 5:10 My beloved is white and ruddy (Song Songs SS So Can)
Song of Solomon 5:9
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