Psalm 38:19
New International Version
Many have become my enemies without cause; those who hate me without reason are numerous.

New Living Translation
I have many aggressive enemies; they hate me without reason.

English Standard Version
But my foes are vigorous, they are mighty, and many are those who hate me wrongfully.

Berean Standard Bible
Many are my enemies without cause, and many hate me without reason.

King James Bible
But mine enemies are lively, and they are strong: and they that hate me wrongfully are multiplied.

New King James Version
But my enemies are vigorous, and they are strong; And those who hate me wrongfully have multiplied.

New American Standard Bible
But my enemies are vigorous and strong, And those who wrongfully hate me are many.

NASB 1995
But my enemies are vigorous and strong, And many are those who hate me wrongfully.

NASB 1977
But my enemies are vigorous and strong; And many are those who hate me wrongfully.

Legacy Standard Bible
But my enemies are vigorous and strong, And those who wrongfully hate me abound.

Amplified Bible
But my [numerous] enemies are vigorous and strong, And those who hate me without cause are many.

Christian Standard Bible
But my enemies are vigorous and powerful; many hate me for no reason.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
But my enemies are vigorous and powerful; many hate me for no reason.

American Standard Version
But mine enemies are lively, and are strong; And they that hate me wrongfully are multiplied.

Contemporary English Version
Many deadly and powerful enemies hate me,

English Revised Version
But mine enemies are lively, and are strong: and they that hate me wrongfully are multiplied.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
My mortal enemies are growing stronger. Many hate me for no reason.

Good News Translation
My enemies are healthy and strong; there are many who hate me for no reason.

International Standard Version
But my enemies are alive and well; those who hate me for no reason are numerous.

Majority Standard Bible
Many are my enemies without cause, and many hate me without reason.

NET Bible
But those who are my enemies for no reason are numerous; those who hate me without cause outnumber me.

New Heart English Bible
But my enemies, for no reason, are many. Those who hate me wrongfully are numerous.

Webster's Bible Translation
But my enemies are lively, and they are strong: and they that hate me wrongfully are multiplied.

World English Bible
But my enemies are vigorous and many. Those who hate me without reason are numerous.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And my enemies [are] lively, "" They have been strong, and those hating me without cause, "" Have been multiplied.

Young's Literal Translation
And mine enemies are lively, They have been strong, and those hating me without cause, Have been multiplied.

Smith's Literal Translation
For I will announce mine iniquity: I shall be afraid for my sin.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
But my enemies live, and are stronger that I : and they hate me wrongfully are multiplied.

Catholic Public Domain Version
But my enemies live, and they have been stronger than me. And those who have wrongfully hated me have been multiplied.

New American Bible
My enemies live and grow strong, those who hate me grow numerous fraudulently,

New Revised Standard Version
Those who are my foes without cause are mighty, and many are those who hate me wrongfully.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
But mine enemies are strong and alert; and they that hate me wrongfully are multiplied.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
My enemies have been strengthened and have seen and my lying haters have increased.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
But mine enemies are strong in health; And they that hate me wrongfully are multiplied.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
But mine enemies live, and are mightier than I: and they that hate me unjustly are multiplied.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Do Not Rebuke Me in Your Anger
18Yes, I confess my iniquity; I am troubled by my sin. 19Many are my enemies without cause, and many hate me without reason. 20Those who repay my good with evil attack me for pursuing the good.…

Cross References
Psalm 35:19
Let not my enemies gloat over me without cause, nor those who hate me without reason wink in malice.

Psalm 41:9
Even my close friend whom I trusted, the one who shared my bread, has lifted up his heel against me.

Psalm 55:12-14
For it is not an enemy who insults me; that I could endure. It is not a foe who rises against me; from him I could hide. / But it is you, a man like myself, my companion and close friend. / We shared sweet fellowship together; we walked with the crowd into the house of God.

Psalm 69:4
Those who hate me without cause outnumber the hairs of my head; many are those who would destroy me—my enemies for no reason. Though I did not steal, I must repay.

Psalm 109:3-5
They surround me with hateful words and attack me without cause. / In return for my love they accuse me, but I am a man of prayer. / They repay me evil for good, and hatred for my love.

Proverbs 24:17-18
Do not gloat when your enemy falls, and do not let your heart rejoice when he stumbles, / or the LORD will see and disapprove, and turn His wrath away from him.

Micah 7:6
For a son dishonors his father, a daughter rises against her mother, and a daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law. A man’s enemies are the members of his own household.

Job 19:19
All my best friends despise me, and those I love have turned against me.

Jeremiah 18:18
Then some said, “Come, let us make plans against Jeremiah, for the law will never be lost to the priest, nor counsel to the wise, nor an oracle to the prophet. Come, let us denounce him and pay no heed to any of his words.”

Lamentations 3:52
Without cause my enemies hunted me like a bird.

Matthew 5:44
But I tell you, love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you,

Matthew 10:36
A man’s enemies will be the members of his own household.’

Matthew 26:59-60
Now the chief priests and the whole Sanhedrin were seeking false testimony against Jesus in order to put Him to death. / But they did not find any, though many false witnesses came forward. Finally two came forward

Mark 14:55-56
Now the chief priests and the whole Sanhedrin were seeking testimony against Jesus to put Him to death, but they did not find any. / For many bore false witness against Jesus, but their testimony was inconsistent.

Luke 6:27-28
But to those of you who will listen, I say: Love your enemies, do good to those who hate you, / bless those who curse you, pray for those who mistreat you.


Treasury of Scripture

But my enemies are lively, and they are strong: and they that hate me wrongfully are multiplied.

But

Psalm 3:1
A Psalm of David, when he fled from Absalom his son. LORD, how are they increased that trouble me! many are they that rise up against me.

Psalm 25:19
Consider mine enemies; for they are many; and they hate me with cruel hatred.

Psalm 56:1,2
To the chief Musician upon Jonathelemrechokim, Michtam of David, when the Philistines took him in Gath. Be merciful unto me, O God: for man would swallow me up; he fighting daily oppresseth me…

are lively [heb.

Psalm 35:19
Let not them that are mine enemies wrongfully rejoice over me: neither let them wink with the eye that hate me without a cause.

Psalm 79:5
How long, LORD? wilt thou be angry for ever? shall thy jealousy burn like fire?

they that

Psalm 35:19
Let not them that are mine enemies wrongfully rejoice over me: neither let them wink with the eye that hate me without a cause.

Psalm 69:4
They that hate me without a cause are more than the hairs of mine head: they that would destroy me, being mine enemies wrongfully, are mighty: then I restored that which I took not away.

Matthew 10:22
And ye shall be hated of all men for my name's sake: but he that endureth to the end shall be saved.

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Cause Enemies Falsely Foes Hate Health Increased Lively Mighty Multiplied Numbers Numerous Reason Strong Vigorous Wrongfully
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Cause Enemies Falsely Foes Hate Health Increased Lively Mighty Multiplied Numbers Numerous Reason Strong Vigorous Wrongfully
Psalm 38
1. David moves God to take compassion on his pitiful case














Many are my enemies
The phrase "many are my enemies" reflects the overwhelming sense of opposition that David, the psalmist, feels. In the Hebrew text, the word for "many" is "רַבִּים" (rabbim), which conveys a sense of abundance or multitude. This suggests that David is not facing a small or isolated group of adversaries but rather a significant and daunting number. Historically, David faced numerous enemies throughout his life, from King Saul to foreign nations. This phrase can also be seen as a foreshadowing of the spiritual battles that believers face, reminding us that opposition is a common experience for those who follow God.

without cause
The Hebrew term "חִנָּם" (chinnam) is used here, meaning "without cause" or "for no reason." This indicates that the enmity David experiences is unjustified and unwarranted. In a broader scriptural context, this reflects the reality that the righteous often suffer persecution not because of wrongdoing but because of their commitment to God. Jesus Himself spoke of this in John 15:25, where He said, "They hated Me without reason," echoing the sentiment of this psalm and highlighting the unjust nature of such hatred.

and many hate me
The repetition of "many" emphasizes the extent of the animosity David faces. The Hebrew word for "hate" is "שֹׂנְאַי" (sone'ai), which conveys a deep-seated enmity or hostility. This is not a mere dislike but an intense aversion. In the biblical narrative, hatred often arises from jealousy, fear, or misunderstanding. For believers, this serves as a reminder that following God's path may lead to being misunderstood or opposed by the world.

without reason
The phrase "without reason" reiterates the unjust nature of the hatred David experiences. The Hebrew word "לֹא" (lo) means "not" or "without," reinforcing the idea that there is no legitimate basis for the hostility he faces. This mirrors the experience of many biblical figures who were persecuted for their faithfulness to God. It also points to the ultimate example of Christ, who was hated and crucified despite His sinlessness. For Christians, this verse serves as an encouragement to endure unjust suffering with grace, trusting in God's justice and vindication.

(19) But mine enemies are lively.--See margin. But the parallelism and a comparison with Psalm 35:19 lead to the suspicion that the true reading is "without cause."

Verse 19. - But mine enemies are lively, and they are strong. The psalmist goes back to the thought of his enemies, to whom he has made no answer, and whom he has not ventured to rebuke (vers. 13, 14). He remembers that they are full of life and strength; he calls to mind the fact that they are many in number; he puts on record the cause of their enmity, which is not his sin, but his earnest endeavour to forsake his sin and follow after righteousness (ver. 20); and then, in conclusion, he makes a direct appeal to God for aid against them - first negatively (ver. 21), and then positively in the final outburst, "Make haste to help me, O Lord my Salvation" (ver. 22). And they that hate me wrongfully are multiplied. This suits well the time of Absalom's conspiracy, when day by day more and more of the people forsook David and joined the party of his son. (2 Samuel 15:12, 13).

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Many are my enemies
וְֽ֭אֹיְבַי (wə·’ō·yə·ḇay)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct | first person common singular
Strong's 341: Hating, an adversary

without cause,
חַיִּ֣ים (ḥay·yîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 2416: Alive, raw, fresh, strong, life

and many
וְרַבּ֖וּ (wə·rab·bū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 7231: To cast together, increase, in number, to multiply by the myriad

hate me
שֹׂנְאַ֣י (śō·nə·’ay)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct | first person common singular
Strong's 8130: To hate

without reason.
שָֽׁקֶר׃ (šā·qer)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 8267: Deception, disappointment, falsehood


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OT Poetry: Psalm 38:19 But my enemies are vigorous and many (Psalm Ps Psa.)
Psalm 38:18
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