Psalm 109:3
New International Version
With words of hatred they surround me; they attack me without cause.

New Living Translation
They surround me with hateful words and fight against me for no reason.

English Standard Version
They encircle me with words of hate, and attack me without cause.

Berean Standard Bible
They surround me with hateful words and attack me without cause.

King James Bible
They compassed me about also with words of hatred; and fought against me without a cause.

New King James Version
They have also surrounded me with words of hatred, And fought against me without a cause.

New American Standard Bible
They have also surrounded me with words of hatred, And have fought against me without cause.

NASB 1995
They have also surrounded me with words of hatred, And fought against me without cause.

NASB 1977
They have also surrounded me with words of hatred, And fought against me without cause.

Legacy Standard Bible
They have also surrounded me with words of hatred, And fought against me without cause.

Amplified Bible
They have also surrounded me with words of hatred, And have fought against me without a cause.

Christian Standard Bible
They surround me with hateful words and attack me without cause.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
They surround me with hateful words and attack me without cause.

American Standard Version
They have compassed me about also with words of hatred, And fought against me without a cause.

Contemporary English Version
and hateful things are said for no reason.

English Revised Version
They compassed me about also with words of hatred, and fought against me without a cause.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
They surround me with hateful words. They fight against me for no reason.

Good News Translation
and they say evil things about me, attacking me for no reason.

International Standard Version
They surround me with hate-filled words, attacking me for no reason.

Majority Standard Bible
They surround me with hateful words and attack me without cause.

NET Bible
They surround me and say hateful things; they attack me for no reason.

New Heart English Bible
They have also surrounded me with words of hatred, and fought against me without a cause.

Webster's Bible Translation
They encompassed me also with words of hatred; and fought against me without a cause.

World English Bible
They have also surrounded me with words of hatred, and fought against me without a cause.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
They have surrounded me about, "" And they fight me without cause.

Young's Literal Translation
They have compassed me about, And they fight me without cause.

Smith's Literal Translation
And with words of hatred they surrounded me, and they will war with me gratuitously.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
They have spoken against with deceitful tongues; and they have compassed me about with words of hatred; and have fought against me without cause.

Catholic Public Domain Version
They have spoken against me with deceitful tongues, and they have surrounded me with hateful words, and they fought against me over nothing.

New American Bible
with hateful words they surround me, attacking me without cause.

New Revised Standard Version
They beset me with words of hate, and attack me without cause.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
They have spoken against me with a lying tongue and with a hateful voice, and have fought against me without a cause.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
With the voice of hatred they have contended with me for nothing.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
They compassed me about also with words of hatred, And fought against me without a cause.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And they have compassed me with words of hatred; and fought against me without a cause.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Song of the Slandered
2For wicked and deceitful mouths open against me; they speak against me with lying tongues. 3They surround me with hateful words and attack me without cause. 4In return for my love they accuse me, but I am a man of prayer.…

Cross References
Matthew 5:11
Blessed are you when people insult you, persecute you, and falsely say all kinds of evil against you because of Me.

John 15:18-20
If the world hates you, understand that it hated Me first. / If you were of the world, it would love you as its own. Instead, the world hates you, because you are not of the world, but I have chosen you out of the world. / Remember the word that I spoke to you: ‘No servant is greater than his master.’ If they persecuted Me, they will persecute you as well; if they kept My word, they will keep yours as well.

Luke 6:22
Blessed are you when people hate you, and when they exclude you and insult you and reject your name as evil because of the Son of Man.

1 Peter 3:16
keeping a clear conscience, so that those who slander you may be put to shame by your good behavior in Christ.

Romans 12:14
Bless those who persecute you. Bless and do not curse.

Matthew 10:22
You will be hated by everyone because of My name, but the one who perseveres to the end will be saved.

John 7:7
The world cannot hate you, but it hates Me, because I testify that its works are evil.

2 Timothy 3:12
Indeed, all who desire to live godly lives in Christ Jesus will be persecuted,

Acts 7:52
Which of the prophets did your fathers fail to persecute? They even killed those who foretold the coming of the Righteous One. And now you are His betrayers and murderers—

1 John 3:13
So do not be surprised, brothers, if the world hates you.

Jeremiah 18:18
Then some said, “Come, let us make plans against Jeremiah, for the law will never be lost to the priest, nor counsel to the wise, nor an oracle to the prophet. Come, let us denounce him and pay no heed to any of his words.”

Psalm 35:11
Hostile witnesses come forward; they make charges I know nothing about.

Psalm 38:19-20
Many are my enemies without cause, and many hate me without reason. / Those who repay my good with evil attack me for pursuing the good.

Psalm 56:5
All day long they twist my words; all their thoughts are on my demise.

Psalm 64:3
who sharpen their tongues like swords and aim their bitter words like arrows,


Treasury of Scripture

They compassed me about also with words of hatred; and fought against me without a cause.

compassed

Psalm 17:11
They have now compassed us in our steps: they have set their eyes bowing down to the earth;

Psalm 22:12
Many bulls have compassed me: strong bulls of Bashan have beset me round.

Psalm 88:17
They came round about me daily like water; they compassed me about together.

fought

Psalm 35:7,20
For without cause have they hid for me their net in a pit, which without cause they have digged for my soul…

Psalm 59:3,4
For, lo, they lie in wait for my soul: the mighty are gathered against me; not for my transgression, nor for my sin, O LORD…

Psalm 69:4
They that hate me without a cause are more than the hairs of mine head: they that would destroy me, being mine enemies wrongfully, are mighty: then I restored that which I took not away.

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Attack Beset Cause Compassed Encompassed Fight Fought Hate Hatred Round Surround Surrounded War Words
Psalm 109
1. David complains of his slanderous enemies
16. He shows their sin
21. Complaining of his own misery, he prays for help
29. He promises thankfulness














They surround me
The phrase "They surround me" evokes an image of being encircled by adversaries, suggesting a sense of entrapment and vulnerability. In the Hebrew text, the word used here is "סָבַב" (sabab), which means to encircle or encompass. This imagery is often used in the Psalms to describe a situation where the psalmist feels overwhelmed by enemies or troubles. Historically, this reflects the frequent conflicts faced by David, the attributed author of this psalm, who often found himself besieged by foes. Spiritually, it can symbolize the believer's experience of feeling beset by spiritual or emotional challenges.

with hateful words
The phrase "with hateful words" indicates the nature of the attack—verbal rather than physical. The Hebrew word for "hateful" is "שֶׂנְאָה" (sin'ah), which denotes intense hostility or enmity. Words have the power to wound deeply, and this phrase highlights the malicious intent behind the speech directed at the psalmist. In a broader biblical context, this reflects the destructive power of the tongue, as seen in James 3:6, which describes the tongue as a fire. Theologically, it underscores the reality of spiritual warfare, where believers may face slander and false accusations.

and attack me
The phrase "and attack me" conveys a sense of aggression and hostility. The Hebrew verb "לָחַם" (lacham) is often used in the context of battle or warfare, suggesting a deliberate and forceful assault. This reflects the psalmist's experience of being under siege, not just physically but also emotionally and spiritually. Historically, David faced numerous attacks from both external enemies and internal betrayal, which this phrase encapsulates. For the believer, it serves as a reminder of the spiritual battles faced in life, where one must rely on God's strength and protection.

without cause
The phrase "without cause" emphasizes the unjust nature of the attacks. The Hebrew word "חִנָּם" (chinnam) means gratuitously or without reason. This highlights the innocence of the psalmist and the baselessness of the accusations against him. In the biblical narrative, David often faced unwarranted hostility, as seen in his conflicts with Saul. This phrase reassures believers that God is aware of their innocence and the injustices they face. It encourages trust in God's ultimate justice and vindication, as He is a righteous judge who sees the truth of every situation.

Verse 3. - They compassed me about also with words of hatred. The hatred of the wicked for the good is a plain fact of history, and quite indisputable. "Words of hatred" are less patent, since they are often restrained from prudential considerations. But sometimes free vent is given to them (see 2 Samuel 16:5-8). And fought against me without a cause (comp. Psalm 35:7, 19; Psalm 69:4; Psalm 119:161). Saul's hatred towards David was markedly of this character - un-provoked by either act or word from its object.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
They surround
סְבָב֑וּנִי (sə·ḇā·ḇū·nî)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural | first person common singular
Strong's 5437: To turn about, go around, surround

me with hateful
שִׂנְאָ֣ה (śin·’āh)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 8135: Hating, hatred

words
וְדִבְרֵ֣י (wə·ḏiḇ·rê)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 1697: A word, a matter, thing, a cause

and attack
וַיִּֽלָּחֲמ֥וּנִי (way·yil·lā·ḥă·mū·nî)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural | first person common singular
Strong's 3898: To feed on, to consume, to battle

me without cause.
חִנָּֽם׃ (ḥin·nām)
Adverb
Strong's 2600: Gratis, devoid of cost, reason, advantage


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OT Poetry: Psalm 109:3 They have also surrounded me with words (Psalm Ps Psa.)
Psalm 109:2
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