8121. shemesh

Berean Strong's Lexicon

shemesh: Sun

Original Word: שֶׁמֶשׁ
Part of Speech: Noun
Transliteration: shemesh
Pronunciation: SHEH-mesh
Phonetic Spelling: (sheh'-mesh)
Definition: Sun
Meaning: the sun, the east, a ray, a notched battlement

Word Origin: From an unused root meaning to be brilliant

Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: - G2246 (ἥλιος, hēlios): The Greek equivalent for "sun," used in the New Testament.

Usage: The Hebrew word "shemesh" primarily refers to the sun, the celestial body that provides light and warmth to the earth. It is used in the Bible to denote the physical sun in the sky, as well as metaphorically to represent brightness, glory, and the passage of time (e.g., "from sunrise to sunset"). The sun is often associated with God's creation and His provision for life on earth.

Cultural and Historical Background: In ancient Near Eastern cultures, the sun was often revered as a deity or a symbol of divine power. However, in the Hebrew Bible, while the sun is acknowledged for its importance and splendor, it is never deified. Instead, it is portrayed as part of God's creation, serving His purposes. The sun's regular cycle was crucial for agriculture, marking seasons and times for planting and harvest. The Israelites were instructed to worship the Creator rather than the creation, setting them apart from surrounding nations.

NAS Exhaustive Concordance

Word Origin
from an unused word
Definition
sun
NASB Translation
battlements (1), daylight (1), daylight* (1), east side* (2), east* (7), sun (109), sun's (1), sundown* (1), sunrise* (3), sunset* (6), west* (1).

Brown-Driver-Briggs

שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ₁₃₃ noun feminine^{Judges 19:14}

and masculine^{Genesis 19:23} (Albr^{ZAW xv (1895), 324}) sun; — absolute ׳שׁ Joshua 10:12 +, שָׁ֑מֶשׁ Judges 20:43 +; suffix שִׁמְשֵׁךְ Isaiah 60:20, שִׁמְשָׁךְ Jeremiah 15:9; plural suffix שִׁמְשֹׁתַ֫יִךְ Isaiah 54:12; —

1 sun, Genesis 37:9 (E; + moon, stars); marking time: as rising (verb זָרַת q. v.) Exodus 22:2 (E) + 8 t. + Malachi 3:20 (figurative צְדָקָה ׳שׁ, of reward of the faithful, with wings, i.e. rays ? Now GASm; or winged sun-disc [compare We] ?); verb יְצָא Genesis 19:23 (J), Isaiah 13:10; Judges 5:31 (simile of splendour; see יְצָא

1f); setting (verb בּוֺא) Genesis 15:17 (J), Amos 8:9 19t., + לָבוֺא ׳וַיְהִי הַשּׁ Genesis 15:12 (JE), יְדַע מְבוֺאוֺ ׳שׁ Psalm 104:19 (see בּוֺא 1i, מָבוֺא

2); as giving daylight Isaiah 60:9; hot 1 Samuel 11:9; Nehemiah 7:3; Exodus 16:21 (P), compare Isaiah 49:10; Jonah 4:8; Psalm 121:6; as ripening crops Deuteronomy 33:14 (poem), compare (figurative) Job 8:16, tanning the face Songs 1:6; standing still at Joshua's word Joshua 10:12.13 a (poem in J; "" יָרֵחַ), Joshua 10:13 b (J), compare Habakkuk 3:11 (+ יָרֵךְַ); casting shadow (on dial), ׳יָָֽרְדָה בְמַעֲלוֺת אָחָז בַּשּׁ Isaiah 38:8, ׳וַתָּשָׁב הַשּׁ Isaiah 38:8; set in sky by ׳י Jeremiah 31:25; Psalm 19:5; Psalm 74:16; Psalm 136:8, enduring Psalm 72:5; Psalm 72:17 (compare עִם 1g; [מָּנֶה]

11. 4 a (e), p. 817), also Psalm 89:37; personified, called to praise ׳י Psalm 148:3 (+ יָרֵךְַ); to be darkened by ׳יs judgment, Ezekiel 32:7; Joel 2:10; Joel 3:4; Joel 4:15 (compare Amos 8:9 above, Micah 3:6). 2

of direction: ׳מִמִּוְרַח הַשּׁ Numbers 21:11 (E) toward sun-rise, = East, compare Deuteronomy 4:41,47 16t. (see מִוְרָךְ p. 280); ׳מְבוֺא הַשּׁ Deuteronomy 11:30 3t. (see מָבוֺא 2, p. 99).

3

object of worship (usually + moon, stars, etc.) 2 Kings 23:5; Jeremiah 8:2; Ezekiel 8:16; Deuteronomy 4:19; horses given to ׳שׁ 2 Kings 23:11, ׳מַרְכְּבוֺת השּׁ 2 Kings 23:11. — See also ׳בֵּית שׁ p. 112:b.

4 other phrase:

a. ׳נֶגֶד חַשּׁ, i.e. openly, publicly, 2 Samuel 12:12; Numbers 25:4 (P), so ׳לְעֵינֵי חַשּׁ 2 Samuel 12:11.

b. figurative of living, ׳חָזָה שׁ Psalm 58:9, ׳רָאָה שׁ Exodus 6:5; Exodus 7:11; Exodus 11:7, opposed to ׳תֶּחְשַׁךְ הַשׁ Exodus 12:2.

c. ׳תַּחַת הַשּׁ, i. e. on the earth, Ecclesiastes 1:3 28t. Ecclesiastes (compare Greek ὐφ’ ἠλίῳ, Kue^{Ond. iii. 196}; Ein1. iii. 192).

5 pinnacle, as glittering, shining, plural Isaiah 54:12 thy pinnacles, battlements (of Zion), so perhaps singular אֱםהִים ׳וּמָנֵן י ׳שׁ Psalm 84:12 battlement and shield is ׳א ׳י (Gr Bae Du Buhl; most sun, and so Thes De Che SS; Hup-Now hesitates).

I. שׁמשׁ (√ of following; Biblical Hebrew שׁמשׁ, שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ).

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance

east sideward, sun rising, westward, window

From an unused root meaning to be brilliant; the sun; by implication, the east; figuratively, a ray, i.e. (arch.) A notched battlement -- + east side(-ward), sun ((rising)), + west(-ward), window. See also Beyth Shemesh.

see HEBREW Beyth Shemesh

Forms and Transliterations

בַּשֶּׁ֛מֶשׁ בשמש הַ֭שֶּׁמֶשׁ הַשֶּׁ֔מֶשׁ הַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁ הַשֶּׁ֗מֶשׁ הַשֶּׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ הַשֶּׁ֛מֶשׁ הַשֶּׁ֜מֶשׁ הַשֶּׁ֣מֶשׁ הַשֶּׁ֥מֶשׁ הַשֶּׁ֨מֶשׁ הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ֩ הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ֮ הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ׃ הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ השמש השמש׃ וְהַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁ וְהַשֶּׁ֣מֶשׁ וְלַשֶּׁ֣מֶשׁ ׀ וָשָֽׁמֶשׁ׃ וָשָׁ֑מֶשׁ והשמש ולשמש ושמש ושמש׃ כַשֶּׁ֣מֶשׁ כשמש לַ֝שֶּׁ֗מֶשׁ לַשֶּׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ לַשֶּׁ֤מֶשׁ לַשֶּׁ֨מֶשׁ לַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ׃ לשמש לשמש׃ מש שִׁמְשֵׁ֔ךְ שִׁמְשָׁ֛הּ שִׁמְשֹׁתַ֔יִךְ שֶׁ֖מֶשׁ שֶׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ שֶׁ֚מֶשׁ שֶׁ֜מֶשׁ שֶׁ֝֗מֶשׁ שֶׁ֣מֶשׁ שֶׁ֤מֶשׁ שֶׁ֥מֶשׁ שֶׁ֨מֶשׁ ׀ שֶׁמֶשׁ֮ שָֽׁמֶשׁ׃ שָׁ֑מֶשׁ שמש שמש׃ שמשה שמשך שמשתיך baš·še·meš bashShemesh baššemeš chashShemesh haš·šā·meš haš·še·meš hashShamesh hashShemesh haššāmeš haššemeš ḵaš·še·meš ḵaššemeš laš·šā·meš laš·še·meš lashShamesh lashShemesh laššāmeš laššemeš meš mesh šā·meš šāmeš še·meš šemeš Shamesh shemesh shimShah shimShech shimshoTayich šim·šāh šim·šêḵ šim·šō·ṯa·yiḵ šimšāh šimšêḵ šimšōṯayiḵ vaShamesh vehashShemesh velashShemesh wā·šā·meš wāšāmeš wə·haš·še·meš wə·laš·še·meš wəhaššemeš wəlaššemeš

Englishman's Concordance

Genesis 15:12
HEB: וַיְהִ֤י הַשֶּׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ לָב֔וֹא וְתַרְדֵּמָ֖ה
NAS: Now when the sun was going
KJV: And when the sun was going down,
INT: become the sun was going A deep

Genesis 15:17
HEB: וַיְהִ֤י הַשֶּׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ בָּ֔אָה וַעֲלָטָ֖ה
NAS: It came about when the sun had set,
KJV: And it came to pass, that, when the sun went down,
INT: came the sun had set very

Genesis 19:23
HEB: הַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁ יָצָ֣א עַל־
NAS: The sun had risen over
KJV: The sun was risen upon the earth
INT: the sun had risen over

Genesis 28:11
HEB: כִּי־ בָ֣א הַשֶּׁ֔מֶשׁ וַיִּקַּח֙ מֵאַבְנֵ֣י
NAS: because the sun had set;
KJV: and tarried there all night, because the sun was set;
INT: because had set the sun took of the stones

Genesis 32:31
HEB: וַיִּֽזְרַֽח־ ל֣וֹ הַשֶּׁ֔מֶשׁ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר עָבַ֖ר
NAS: Now the sun rose upon him just
KJV: Penuel the sun rose
INT: rose now the sun he crossed

Genesis 37:9
HEB: ע֔וֹד וְהִנֵּ֧ה הַשֶּׁ֣מֶשׁ וְהַיָּרֵ֗חַ וְאַחַ֤ד
NAS: and behold, the sun and the moon
KJV: a dream more; and, behold, the sun and the moon
INT: still and behold the sun and the moon a

Exodus 16:21
HEB: אָכְל֑וֹ וְחַ֥ם הַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁ וְנָמָֽס׃
NAS: as he should eat; but when the sun grew hot,
KJV: to his eating: and when the sun waxed hot,
INT: to his eating grew the sun melt

Exodus 17:12
HEB: עַד־ בֹּ֥א הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ׃
NAS: were steady until the sun set.
KJV: until the going down of the sun.
INT: until set the sun

Exodus 22:3
HEB: אִם־ זָרְחָ֥ה הַשֶּׁ֛מֶשׁ עָלָ֖יו דָּמִ֣ים
NAS: [But] if the sun has risen
KJV: If the sun be risen
INT: if has risen the sun on will be bloodguiltiness

Exodus 22:26
HEB: עַד־ בֹּ֥א הַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁ תְּשִׁיבֶ֥נּוּ לֽוֹ׃
NAS: it to him before the sun sets,
KJV: it unto him by that the sun goeth down:
INT: before sets the sun return

Leviticus 22:7
HEB: וּבָ֥א הַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁ וְטָהֵ֑ר וְאַחַר֙
NAS: But when the sun sets,
KJV: And when the sun is down,
INT: sets the sun will be clean and afterward

Numbers 21:11
HEB: מוֹאָ֔ב מִמִּזְרַ֖ח הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ׃
INT: Moab east side east side

Numbers 25:4
HEB: לַיהוָ֖ה נֶ֣גֶד הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ וְיָשֹׁ֛ב חֲר֥וֹן
NAS: them in broad daylight before the LORD,
KJV: the LORD against the sun, that the fierce
INT: the LORD broad daylight may turn the fierce

Deuteronomy 4:19
HEB: וְֽ֠רָאִיתָ אֶת־ הַשֶּׁ֨מֶשׁ וְאֶת־ הַיָּרֵ֜חַ
NAS: and see the sun and the moon
KJV: and when thou seest the sun, and the moon,
INT: to heaven and see the sun and the moon and the stars

Deuteronomy 4:41
HEB: הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן מִזְרְחָ֖ה שָֽׁמֶשׁ׃
INT: the Jordan east side east side

Deuteronomy 4:47
HEB: הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן מִזְרַ֖ח שָֽׁמֶשׁ׃
INT: the Jordan east side east side

Deuteronomy 11:30
HEB: דֶּ֚רֶךְ מְב֣וֹא הַשֶּׁ֔מֶשׁ בְּאֶ֙רֶץ֙ הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֔י
NAS: of the way toward the sunset, in the land
KJV: the way where the sun goeth down,
INT: of the way down the sun the land of the Canaanites

Deuteronomy 16:6
HEB: בָּעָ֑רֶב כְּב֣וֹא הַשֶּׁ֔מֶשׁ מוֹעֵ֖ד צֵֽאתְךָ֥
NAS: in the evening at sunset, at the time
KJV: at the going down of the sun, at the season
INT: the evening down of the sun the time you came

Deuteronomy 17:3
HEB: וַיִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ לָהֶ֑ם וְלַשֶּׁ֣מֶשׁ ׀ א֣וֹ לַיָּרֵ֗חַ
NAS: and worshiped them, or the sun or
KJV: and worshipped them, either the sun, or moon,
INT: other and worshiped the sun or the moon

Deuteronomy 23:11
HEB: בַּמָּ֑יִם וּכְבֹ֣א הַשֶּׁ֔מֶשׁ יָבֹ֖א אֶל־
NAS: himself with water, and at sundown he may reenter
KJV: [himself] with water: and when the sun is down,
INT: water is down the sun shall come about

Deuteronomy 24:13
HEB: הַעֲבוֹט֙ כְּבֹ֣א הַשֶּׁ֔מֶשׁ וְשָׁכַ֥ב בְּשַׂלְמָת֖וֹ
NAS: When the sun goes
KJV: again when the sun goeth down,
INT: the pledge goes the sun may sleep his cloak

Deuteronomy 24:15
HEB: תָב֧וֹא עָלָ֣יו הַשֶּׁ֗מֶשׁ כִּ֤י עָנִי֙
NAS: on his day before the sun sets,
KJV: [him] his hire, neither shall the sun go down
INT: sets against the sun for is poor

Deuteronomy 33:14
HEB: וּמִמֶּ֖גֶד תְּבוּאֹ֣ת שָׁ֑מֶשׁ וּמִמֶּ֖גֶד גֶּ֥רֶשׁ
NAS: yield of the sun, And with the choice
KJV: fruits [brought forth] by the sun, and for the precious things
INT: the choice yield of the sun the choice produce

Joshua 1:4
HEB: הַגָּד֖וֹל מְב֣וֹא הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ יִֽהְיֶ֖ה גְּבוּלְכֶֽם׃
NAS: toward the setting of the sun will be your territory.
KJV: toward the going down of the sun, shall be your coast.
INT: as the Great the setting of the sun become will be your territory

Joshua 1:15
HEB: הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן מִזְרַ֥ח הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ׃
INT: the Jordan east side east side

134 Occurrences

Strong's Hebrew 8121
134 Occurrences

baš·še·meš — 1 Occ.
ḵaš·še·meš — 1 Occ.
haš·šā·meš — 39 Occ.
haš·še·meš — 52 Occ.
laš·šā·meš — 1 Occ.
laš·še·meš — 4 Occ.
meš — 4 Occ.
šā·meš — 8 Occ.
še·meš — 16 Occ.
šim·šāh — 1 Occ.
šim·šêḵ — 1 Occ.
šim·šō·ṯa·yiḵ — 1 Occ.
wā·šā·meš — 2 Occ.
wə·haš·še·meš — 2 Occ.
wə·laš·še·meš — 1 Occ.