Genesis 43:33
New International Version
The men had been seated before him in the order of their ages, from the firstborn to the youngest; and they looked at each other in astonishment.

New Living Translation
Joseph told each of his brothers where to sit, and to their amazement, he seated them according to age, from oldest to youngest.

English Standard Version
And they sat before him, the firstborn according to his birthright and the youngest according to his youth. And the men looked at one another in amazement.

Berean Standard Bible
They were seated before Joseph in order by age, from the firstborn to the youngest, and the men looked at one another in astonishment.

King James Bible
And they sat before him, the firstborn according to his birthright, and the youngest according to his youth: and the men marvelled one at another.

New King James Version
And they sat before him, the firstborn according to his birthright and the youngest according to his youth; and the men looked in astonishment at one another.

New American Standard Bible
Now they were seated before him, from the firstborn according to his birthright to the youngest according to his youth, and the men looked at one another in astonishment.

NASB 1995
Now they were seated before him, the firstborn according to his birthright and the youngest according to his youth, and the men looked at one another in astonishment.

NASB 1977
Now they were seated before him, the first-born according to his birthright and the youngest according to his youth, and the men looked at one another in astonishment.

Legacy Standard Bible
And they were seated before him, the firstborn according to his birthright and the youngest according to his youth, and the men looked at one another in astonishment.

Amplified Bible
Now Joseph’s brothers were seated [by the steward] before him [in the order of their birth]—the firstborn according to his birthright and the youngest according to his youth; and the men looked at one another in astonishment [because so much was known about them].

Christian Standard Bible
They were seated before him in order by age, from the firstborn to the youngest. The men looked at each other in astonishment.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
They were seated before him in order by age, from the firstborn to the youngest. The men looked at each other in astonishment.

American Standard Version
And they sat before him, the first-born according to his birthright, and the youngest according to his youth: and the men marvelled one with another.

Contemporary English Version
To the surprise of Joseph's brothers, they were seated in front of him according to their ages, from the oldest to the youngest.

English Revised Version
And they sat before him, the firstborn according to his birthright, and the youngest according to his youth: and the men marveled one with another.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
The brothers were seated facing him according to their ages-from the oldest to the youngest. They looked at each other in amazement.

Good News Translation
The brothers had been seated at the table, facing Joseph, in the order of their age from the oldest to the youngest. When they saw how they had been seated, they looked at one another in amazement.

International Standard Version
Meanwhile, the brothers were seated in front of Joseph in birth order, from firstborn to youngest. The men stared at one another in astonishment.

Majority Standard Bible
They were seated before Joseph in order by age, from the firstborn to the youngest, and the men looked at one another in astonishment.

NET Bible
They sat before him, arranged by order of birth, beginning with the firstborn and ending with the youngest. The men looked at each other in astonishment.

New Heart English Bible
And they sat before him, the firstborn according to his birthright, and the youngest according to his youth, and the men looked at each other with amazement.

Webster's Bible Translation
And they sat before him, the first-born according to his birth-right, and the youngest according to his youth: and the men wondered one at another.

World English Bible
They sat before him, the firstborn according to his birthright, and the youngest according to his youth, and the men marveled with one another.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And they sit before him, the firstborn according to his birthright, and the young one according to his youth, and the men wonder one at another;

Young's Literal Translation
And they sit before him, the first-born according to his birthright, and the young one according to his youth, and the men wonder one at another;

Smith's Literal Translation
And they will set before him, the first-born, according to his seniority, and the small according to his minority: and the men will wonder each at his friend.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
They sat before him, the firstborn according to his birthright, and the youngest according to his age. And they wondered very much:

Catholic Public Domain Version
they sat before him, the firstborn according to his birthright, and the youngest according to his state of life. And they wondered exceedingly,

New American Bible
When they were seated before him according to their age, from the oldest to the youngest, they looked at one another in amazement;

New Revised Standard Version
When they were seated before him, the firstborn according to his birthright and the youngest according to his youth, the men looked at one another in amazement.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And they sat before him, the first-born according to his birthright, and the youngest according to his youth; and the men looked at one another and marveled.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And they were seated before him, the elder according to his age, and the younger according to his youth; and the men marveled, each man with his fellow.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And they sat before him, the firstborn according to his birthright, and the youngest according to his youth; and the men marvelled one with another.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And they sat before him, the first-born according to his seniority, and the younger according to his youth; and the men looked with amazement every one at his brother.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Joseph's Hospitality to His Brothers
32They separately served Joseph, his brothers, and the Egyptians. They ate separately because the Egyptians would not eat with the Hebrews, since that was detestable to them. 33They were seated before Joseph in order by age, from the firstborn to the youngest, and the men looked at one another in astonishment. 34When the portions were served to them from Joseph’s table, Benjamin’s portion was five times larger than any of the others. So they feasted and drank freely with Joseph.…

Cross References
Genesis 37:3-4
Now Israel loved Joseph more than his other sons, because Joseph had been born to him in his old age; so he made him a robe of many colors. / When Joseph’s brothers saw that their father loved him more than any of them, they hated him and could not speak a kind word to him.

Genesis 37:23-24
So when Joseph came to his brothers, they stripped him of his robe—the robe of many colors he was wearing— / and they took him and threw him into the pit. Now the pit was empty, with no water in it.

Genesis 42:6-7
Now Joseph was the ruler of the land; he was the one who sold grain to all its people. So when his brothers arrived, they bowed down before him with their faces to the ground. / And when Joseph saw his brothers, he recognized them, but he treated them as strangers and spoke harshly to them. “Where have you come from?” he asked. “From the land of Canaan,” they replied. “We are here to buy food.”

Genesis 44:12-13
The steward searched, beginning with the oldest and ending with the youngest—and the cup was found in Benjamin’s sack. / Then they all tore their clothes, loaded their donkeys, and returned to the city.

Genesis 45:1-3
Then Joseph could no longer control himself before all his attendants, and he cried out, “Send everyone away from me!” So none of them were with Joseph when he made himself known to his brothers. / But he wept so loudly that the Egyptians heard him, and Pharaoh’s household soon heard of it. / Joseph said to his brothers, “I am Joseph! Is my father still alive?” But they were unable to answer him, because they were terrified in his presence.

Genesis 50:15-21
When Joseph’s brothers saw that their father was dead, they said, “What if Joseph bears a grudge? Then he will surely repay us for all the evil that we did to him.” / So they sent word to Joseph, saying, “Before he died, your father commanded, / ‘This is what you are to say to Joseph: I beg you, please forgive the transgression and sin of your brothers, for they did you wrong.’ So now, Joseph, please forgive the transgression of the servants of the God of your father.” When their message came to him, Joseph wept. ...

Exodus 1:8-10
Then a new king, who did not know Joseph, came to power in Egypt. / “Look,” he said to his people, “the Israelites have become too numerous and too powerful for us. / Come, let us deal shrewdly with them, or they will increase even more; and if a war breaks out, they may join our enemies, fight against us, and leave the country.”

1 Samuel 16:11-13
And Samuel asked him, “Are these all the sons you have?” “There is still the youngest,” Jesse replied, “but he is tending the sheep.” “Send for him,” Samuel replied. “For we will not sit down to eat until he arrives.” / So Jesse sent for his youngest son and brought him in. He was ruddy, with beautiful eyes and a handsome appearance. And the LORD said, “Rise and anoint him, for he is the one.” / So Samuel took the horn of oil and anointed him in the presence of his brothers, and the Spirit of the LORD rushed upon David from that day forward. Then Samuel set out and went to Ramah.

1 Samuel 17:13-14
The three older sons of Jesse had followed Saul into battle: The firstborn was Eliab, the second was Abinadab, and the third was Shammah. / And David was the youngest. The three oldest had followed Saul,

1 Kings 2:19
So Bathsheba went to King Solomon to speak to him for Adonijah. The king stood up to greet her, bowed to her, and sat down on his throne. Then the king had a throne brought for his mother, who sat down at his right hand.

Psalm 105:16-22
He called down famine on the land and cut off all their supplies of food. / He sent a man before them—Joseph, sold as a slave. / They bruised his feet with shackles and placed his neck in irons, ...

Acts 7:9-10
Because the patriarchs were jealous of Joseph, they sold him as a slave into Egypt. But God was with him / and rescued him from all his troubles. He granted Joseph favor and wisdom in the sight of Pharaoh king of Egypt, who appointed him ruler over Egypt and all his household.

Romans 8:28
And we know that God works all things together for the good of those who love Him, who are called according to His purpose.

Romans 9:10-13
Not only that, but Rebecca’s children were conceived by one man, our father Isaac. / Yet before the twins were born or had done anything good or bad, in order that God’s plan of election might stand, / not by works but by Him who calls, she was told, “The older will serve the younger.” ...

1 Corinthians 1:27-29
But God chose the foolish things of the world to shame the wise; God chose the weak things of the world to shame the strong. / He chose the lowly and despised things of the world, and the things that are not, to nullify the things that are, / so that no one may boast in His presence.


Treasury of Scripture

And they sat before him, the firstborn according to his birthright, and the youngest according to his youth: and the men marveled one at another.

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Ages Amazement Astonishment Birthright Birth-Right Firstborn First-Born Marveled Marvelled Oldest Order Sat Seated Seats Wonder Wondered Youngest Youth
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Ages Amazement Astonishment Birthright Birth-Right Firstborn First-Born Marveled Marvelled Oldest Order Sat Seated Seats Wonder Wondered Youngest Youth
Genesis 43
1. Jacob is persuaded to send Benjamin.
15. Joseph entertains his brothers.
19. They discover their fears to the steward.
26. Joseph makes them a feast.














They were seated before him
This phrase sets the scene of a formal dining arrangement, which was customary in ancient Near Eastern cultures. The act of seating implies a position of authority and hospitality. Joseph, as the governor of Egypt, exercises his authority by arranging the seating. The Hebrew root for "seated" (יָשַׁב, yashab) often conveys a sense of dwelling or abiding, suggesting a moment of significance and permanence in this encounter. This seating arrangement foreshadows the revelation of Joseph's identity and the restoration of familial relationships.

in order by age
The phrase highlights the meticulous arrangement by Joseph, who places his brothers according to their birth order. This detail is significant because it demonstrates Joseph's intimate knowledge of his family, which his brothers are unaware of at this point. The Hebrew word for "order" (בְּכוֹרָה, bekorah) emphasizes the importance of birthright and hierarchy in ancient cultures. This arrangement not only surprises the brothers but also subtly hints at Joseph's true identity and his understanding of God's providential plan.

from the firstborn to the youngest
This phrase underscores the traditional importance of birth order in Hebrew culture, where the firstborn (בְּכוֹר, bekor) held a special status and often received a double portion of the inheritance. The mention of "youngest" (קָטָן, qatan) refers to Benjamin, who holds a special place in Joseph's heart as his only full brother. This careful ordering by Joseph is a deliberate act that reflects the divine order and purpose, reminding us of God's sovereignty in orchestrating events according to His will.

and the men looked at one another in astonishment
The brothers' reaction of "astonishment" (תַּמָּה, tamah) reveals their bewilderment and growing sense of unease. This moment of surprise is pivotal, as it marks the beginning of their realization that something extraordinary is unfolding. The Hebrew root conveys a sense of wonder and amazement, often associated with divine intervention. This astonishment is a precursor to the eventual revelation of Joseph's identity and serves as a reminder of how God's plans often surpass human understanding, leading to awe and reverence.

(33) They sat.--The Egyptians are always represented on the monuments as sitting at their meals. For the Hebrew custom see Note on Genesis 27:19. The brethren, on finding themselves placed according to their age, must have supposed that Joseph possessed powers of divination, especially as the giving of due precedence was and is looked upon in the East as a matter of high importance.

Verse 33. - And they sat before him, - that the Egyptians sat at meals is in exact accordance With the representations on the monuments, in which they are never exhibited as reposing on couches, but always as seated round a circular table resembling the mono-podium of the Romans (vide Wilkinson, 'Ancient Egyptians,' vol. 2. pp. 40, 41, with Dr. Bitch's note; Hengetenberg's 'Egypt and the Books of Moses,' Genesis 1. p. 38) - the firstborn according to his birthright, and the youngest according to his youth: and the men marveled one at another - probably thinking that Joseph must have been supernaturally enlightened to discover so exactly the ages of strangers.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
They were seated
וַיֵּשְׁב֣וּ (way·yê·šə·ḇū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 3427: To sit down, to dwell, to remain, to settle, to marry

before him
לְפָנָ֔יו (lə·p̄ā·nāw)
Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 6440: The face

in order by age,
כִּבְכֹ֣רָת֔וֹ (kiḇ·ḵō·rā·ṯōw)
Preposition-k | Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 1062: The firstling of man, beast, primogeniture

from the firstborn
הַבְּכֹר֙ (hab·bə·ḵōr)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 1060: Firstborn, chief

to the youngest,
וְהַצָּעִ֖יר (wə·haṣ·ṣā·‘îr)
Conjunctive waw, Article | Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 6810: Little, insignificant, young

and the men
הָאֲנָשִׁ֖ים (hā·’ă·nā·šîm)
Article | Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 376: A man as an individual, a male person

looked at
אֶל־ (’el-)
Preposition
Strong's 413: Near, with, among, to

each
אִ֥ישׁ (’îš)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 376: A man as an individual, a male person

other
רֵעֵֽהוּ׃ (rê·‘ê·hū)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 7453: Friend, companion, fellow

in astonishment.
וַיִּתְמְה֥וּ (way·yiṯ·mə·hū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 8539: To be astounded or dumbfounded


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OT Law: Genesis 43:33 They sat before him the firstborn according (Gen. Ge Gn)
Genesis 43:32
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