Ezra 4:17
New International Version
The king sent this reply: To Rehum the commanding officer, Shimshai the secretary and the rest of their associates living in Samaria and elsewhere in Trans-Euphrates: Greetings.

New Living Translation
Then King Artaxerxes sent this reply: “To Rehum the governor, Shimshai the court secretary, and their colleagues living in Samaria and throughout the province west of the Euphrates River. Greetings.

English Standard Version
The king sent an answer: “To Rehum the commander and Shimshai the scribe and the rest of their associates who live in Samaria and in the rest of the province Beyond the River, greeting. And now

Berean Standard Bible
Then the king sent this reply: To Rehum the commander, Shimshai the scribe, and the rest of your associates living in Samaria and elsewhere in the region west of the Euphrates: Greetings.

King James Bible
Then sent the king an answer unto Rehum the chancellor, and to Shimshai the scribe, and to the rest of their companions that dwell in Samaria, and unto the rest beyond the river, Peace, and at such a time.

New King James Version
The king sent an answer: To Rehum the commander, to Shimshai the scribe, to the rest of their companions who dwell in Samaria, and to the remainder beyond the River: Peace, and so forth.

New American Standard Bible
Then the king sent a response to Rehum the commander, Shimshai the scribe, and to the rest of their colleagues who live in Samaria and in the rest of the provinces beyond the Euphrates River: “Peace. And now,

NASB 1995
Then the king sent an answer to Rehum the commander, to Shimshai the scribe, and to the rest of their colleagues who live in Samaria and in the rest of the provinces beyond the River: “Peace. And now

NASB 1977
Then the king sent an answer to Rehum the commander, to Shimshai the scribe, and to the rest of their colleagues who live in Samaria and in the rest of the provinces beyond the River: “Peace. And now

Legacy Standard Bible
Then the king sent an edict to Rehum the commander, to Shimshai the scribe, and to the rest of their colleagues who live in Samaria and in the rest of the provinces beyond the River: “Peace. And now—

Amplified Bible
Then the king sent an answer to Rehum the [Persian] commander, to Shimshai the scribe, and to the rest of their colleagues who live in Samaria and in the rest of the provinces west of the River: “Peace (Greetings). And now,

Christian Standard Bible
The king sent a reply to his chief deputy Rehum, Shimshai the scribe, and the rest of their colleagues living in Samaria and elsewhere in the region west of the Euphrates River: Greetings.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
The king sent a reply to his chief deputy Rehum, Shimshai the scribe, and the rest of their colleagues living in Samaria and elsewhere in the region west of the Euphrates River: Greetings.

American Standard Version
Then sent the king an answer unto Rehum the chancellor, and to Shimshai the scribe, and to the rest of their companions that dwell in Samaria, and in the rest of the country beyond the River: Peace, and so forth.

Contemporary English Version
King Artaxerxes answered: Greetings to Governor Rehum, Secretary Shimshai, and to your advisors in Samaria and other parts of Western Province.

English Revised Version
Then sent the king an answer unto Rehum the chancellor, and to Shimshai the scribe, and to the rest of their companions that dwell in Samaria, and in the rest of the country beyond the river, Peace, and so forth.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Then the king sent this reply: To Rehum the commander, Shimshai the scribe, and the rest of their group living in Samaria, and to others west of the Euphrates River: I wish you peace and prosperity!

Good News Translation
The emperor sent this answer: "To Rehum, the governor, to Shimshai, secretary of the province, and to their associates who live in Samaria and in the rest of West-of-Euphrates, greetings.

International Standard Version
The king replied: To: Governor Rehum, Shimshai the scribe, and their colleagues living in Samaria, and the remainder living beyond the Euphrates River. Greetings:

Majority Standard Bible
Then the king sent this reply: To Rehum the commander, Shimshai the scribe, and the rest of your associates living in Samaria and elsewhere in the region west of the Euphrates: Greetings.

NET Bible
The king sent the following response: "To Rehum the commander, Shimshai the scribe, and the rest of their colleagues who live in Samaria and other parts of Trans-Euphrates: Greetings!

New Heart English Bible
Then the king sent an answer to Rehum the chancellor, and to Shimshai the scribe, and to the rest of their companions who dwell in Samaria, and in the rest of the country beyond the River: Peace, and so forth.

Webster's Bible Translation
Then the king sent an answer to Rehum the chancellor, and to Shimshai the scribe, and to the rest of their companions that dwell in Samaria, and to the rest beyond the river, Peace, and at such a time.

World English Bible
Then the king sent an answer to Rehum the chancellor, and to Shimshai the scribe, and to the rest of their companions who live in Samaria, and in the rest of the country beyond the River: Peace.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
The king has sent an answer to Rehum counselor, and Shimshai scribe, and the rest of their companions who are dwelling in Samaria, and the rest beyond the river, “Peace, and at such a time:

Young's Literal Translation
An answer hath the king sent unto Rehum counsellor, and Shimshai scribe, and the rest of their companions who are dwelling in Samaria, and the rest beyond the river, 'Peace, and at such a time:

Smith's Literal Translation
And the king sent word to Rehum, lord of judgment, and to Shimshai the scribe, and the rest of their colleagues who dwelt in Shomeron, and the rest beyond the river, Peace and as now.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
The king sent word to Reum Beelteem and Samsai the scribe, and to the rest that were in their council, inhabitants of Samaria, and to the rest beyond the river, sending greeting and peace.

Catholic Public Domain Version
The king sent word to Rehum, the commander, and to Shimshai, the scribe, and to the rest who were in their council, to the inhabitants of Samaria, and to the others across the river, offering a greeting and peace.

New American Bible
The king sent this answer: “To Rehum, the governor, Shimshai, the scribe, and their fellow officials living in Samaria and elsewhere in the province West-of-Euphrates, greetings:

New Revised Standard Version
The king sent an answer: “To Rehum the royal deputy and Shimshai the scribe and the rest of their associates who live in Samaria and in the rest of the province Beyond the River, greeting. And now
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Then the king sent an answer: To Arkhom the chancellor and to Shimshai the scribe and to the rest of their companions who dwelt in Samaria and to the rest beyond the River, peace.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And the King sent an answer: “To Arkhum, Master of Tasting, and to Shemshi the Scribe and to the rest who were their equals dwelling in Samaria and the rest dwelling at the crossing of the river, peace!
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
Then sent the king an answer unto Rehum the commander, and to Shimshai the scribe, and to the rest of their companions that dwell in Samaria, and unto the rest beyond the River: 'Peace, and now

Brenton Septuagint Translation
Then the king sent to Reum the chancellor, and Sampsa the scribe, and the rest of their fellow-servants who dwelt in Samaria, and the rest beyond the river, saying, Peace; and he says,

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Decree of Artaxerxes
17Then the king sent this reply: To Rehum the commander, Shimshai the scribe, and the rest of your associates living in Samaria and elsewhere in the region west of the Euphrates: Greetings. 18The letter you sent us has been translated and read in my presence.…

Cross References
Nehemiah 2:19-20
But when Sanballat the Horonite, Tobiah the Ammonite official, and Geshem the Arab heard about this, they mocked us and ridiculed us, saying, “What is this you are doing? Are you rebelling against the king?” / So I answered them and said, “The God of heaven is the One who will grant us success. We, His servants, will start rebuilding, but you have no portion, right, or claim in Jerusalem.”

Nehemiah 4:1-3
Now when Sanballat heard that we were rebuilding the wall, he was furious and filled with indignation. He ridiculed the Jews / before his associates and the army of Samaria, saying, “What are these feeble Jews doing? Can they restore the wall by themselves? Will they offer sacrifices? Will they complete it in a day? Can they bring these burnt stones back to life from the mounds of rubble?” / Then Tobiah the Ammonite, who was beside him, said, “If even a fox were to climb up on what they are building, it would break down their wall of stones!”

Nehemiah 6:5-9
The fifth time, Sanballat sent me this same message by his young servant, who had in his hand an unsealed letter / that read: “It is reported among the nations—and Geshem agrees—that you and the Jews are plotting to revolt, and this is why you are building the wall. According to these reports, you are to become their king, / and you have even appointed prophets in Jerusalem to proclaim on your behalf: ‘There is a king in Judah.’ Soon these rumors will reach the ears of the king. So come, let us confer together.” ...

Daniel 6:4-9
Thus the administrators and satraps sought a charge against Daniel concerning the kingdom, but they could find no charge or corruption, because he was trustworthy, and no negligence or corruption was found in him. / Finally these men said, “We will never find any charge against this Daniel unless we find something against him concerning the law of his God.” / So the administrators and satraps went together to the king and said, “O King Darius, may you live forever! ...

Esther 3:8-11
Then Haman informed King Xerxes, “There is a certain people scattered and dispersed among the peoples of every province of your kingdom. Their laws are different from everyone else’s, and they do not obey the king’s laws. So it is not in the king’s best interest to tolerate them. / If it pleases the king, let a decree be issued to destroy them, and I will deposit ten thousand talents of silver into the royal treasury to pay those who carry it out.” / So the king removed the signet ring from his finger and gave it to Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of the Jews. ...

2 Kings 17:24-33
Then the king of Assyria brought people from Babylon, Cuthah, Avva, Hamath, and Sepharvaim and settled them in the towns of Samaria to replace the Israelites. They took possession of Samaria and lived in its towns. / Now when the settlers first lived there, they did not worship the LORD, so He sent lions among them, which killed some of them. / So they spoke to the king of Assyria, saying, “The peoples that you have removed and placed in the cities of Samaria do not know the requirements of the God of the land. Because of this, He has sent lions among them, which are indeed killing them off.” ...

2 Kings 19:9-13
Now Sennacherib had been warned about Tirhakah king of Cush: “Look, he has set out to fight against you.” So Sennacherib again sent messengers to Hezekiah, saying, / “Give this message to Hezekiah king of Judah: ‘Do not let your God, in whom you trust, deceive you by saying that Jerusalem will not be delivered into the hand of the king of Assyria. / Surely you have heard what the kings of Assyria have done to all the other countries, devoting them to destruction. Will you then be spared? ...

2 Chronicles 32:17-19
He also wrote letters mocking the LORD, the God of Israel, and saying against Him: “Just as the gods of the nations did not deliver their people from my hand, so the God of Hezekiah will not deliver His people from my hand.” / Then the Assyrians called out loudly in Hebrew to the people of Jerusalem who were on the wall, to frighten and terrify them in order to capture the city. / They spoke against the God of Jerusalem as they had spoken against the gods of the peoples of the earth—the work of human hands.

Jeremiah 29:1-9
This is the text of the letter that Jeremiah the prophet sent from Jerusalem to the surviving elders among the exiles and to the priests, the prophets, and all the others Nebuchadnezzar had carried into exile from Jerusalem to Babylon. / (This was after King Jeconiah, the queen mother, the court officials, the officials of Judah and Jerusalem, the craftsmen, and the metalsmiths had been exiled from Jerusalem.) / The letter was entrusted to Elasah son of Shaphan and Gemariah son of Hilkiah, whom Zedekiah king of Judah sent to King Nebuchadnezzar in Babylon. It stated: ...

Acts 4:18-21
Then they called them in again and commanded them not to speak or teach at all in the name of Jesus. / But Peter and John replied, “Judge for yourselves whether it is right in God’s sight to listen to you rather than God. / For we cannot stop speaking about what we have seen and heard.” ...

Acts 5:27-29
They brought them in and made them stand before the Sanhedrin, where the high priest interrogated them. / “We gave you strict orders not to teach in this name,” he said. “Yet you have filled Jerusalem with your teaching and are determined to make us responsible for this man’s blood.” / But Peter and the other apostles replied, “We must obey God rather than men.

Acts 24:1-9
Five days later the high priest Ananias came down with some elders and a lawyer named Tertullus, who presented to the governor their case against Paul. / When Paul had been called in, Tertullus opened the prosecution: “Because of you, we have enjoyed a lasting peace, and your foresight has brought improvements to this nation. / In every way and everywhere, most excellent Felix, we acknowledge this with all gratitude. ...

Acts 25:7-12
When Paul arrived, the Jews who had come down from Jerusalem stood around him, bringing many serious charges that they could not prove. / Then Paul made his defense: “I have committed no offense against the law of the Jews or against the temple or against Caesar.” / But Festus, wishing to do the Jews a favor, said to Paul, “Are you willing to go up to Jerusalem to stand trial before me on these charges?” ...

Romans 13:1-7
Everyone must submit himself to the governing authorities, for there is no authority except that which is from God. The authorities that exist have been appointed by God. / Consequently, whoever resists authority is opposing what God has set in place, and those who do so will bring judgment on themselves. / For rulers are not a terror to good conduct, but to bad. Do you want to be unafraid of the one in authority? Then do what is right, and you will have his approval. ...

1 Peter 2:13-17
Submit yourselves for the Lord’s sake to every human institution, whether to the king as the supreme authority, / or to governors as those sent by him to punish those who do wrong and to praise those who do right. / For it is God’s will that by doing good you should silence the ignorance of foolish men. ...


Treasury of Scripture

Then sent the king an answer to Rehum the chancellor, and to Shimshai the scribe, and to the rest of their companions that dwell in Samaria, and to the rest beyond the river, Peace, and at such a time.

companions.

Ezra 4:7,9
And in the days of Artaxerxes wrote Bishlam, Mithredath, Tabeel, and the rest of their companions, unto Artaxerxes king of Persia; and the writing of the letter was written in the Syrian tongue, and interpreted in the Syrian tongue…

Peace

Ezra 5:7
They sent a letter unto him, wherein was written thus; Unto Darius the king, all peace.

Ezra 7:12
Artaxerxes, king of kings, unto Ezra the priest, a scribe of the law of the God of heaven, perfect peace, and at such a time.

Luke 10:5
And into whatsoever house ye enter, first say, Peace be to this house.

at such a time

Ezra 4:10,11
And the rest of the nations whom the great and noble Asnappar brought over, and set in the cities of Samaria, and the rest that are on this side the river, and at such a time…

Jump to Previous
Associates Chancellor Chief Colleagues Commander Commanding Companions Counsellor Country Dwell Dwelling Elsewhere Forth Friends Greeting Greetings Live Officer Peace Places Province Provinces Rehum Rest River Ruler Samaria Sama'ria Scribe Secretary Shimshai Shim'shai Time Trans-Euphrates
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Associates Chancellor Chief Colleagues Commander Commanding Companions Counsellor Country Dwell Dwelling Elsewhere Forth Friends Greeting Greetings Live Officer Peace Places Province Provinces Rehum Rest River Ruler Samaria Sama'ria Scribe Secretary Shimshai Shim'shai Time Trans-Euphrates
Ezra 4
1. The adversaries, being not accepted in the building of the temple with the Jews,
4. endeavor to hinder it
7. Their letter to Artaxerxes
17. The answer and decree of Artaxerxes
23. The building is hindered














The king sent this reply
This phrase indicates the authority and the formal nature of the communication. The king, likely Artaxerxes I of Persia, is responding to a letter sent by adversaries of the Jews. The Persian Empire was vast, and the king's word was law, reflecting the centralized power and the bureaucratic system that allowed for such correspondence. The Hebrew root for "sent" (שָׁלַח, shalach) often implies a mission or purpose, suggesting the king's response was deliberate and considered.

To Rehum the commander
Rehum is identified as a commander, indicating a position of military or administrative authority. His role suggests he was responsible for maintaining order and implementing the king's decrees in the region. The historical context reveals that local leaders often had significant influence and could sway the king's decisions by their reports. The name Rehum itself, meaning "compassionate" in Hebrew, is somewhat ironic given his opposition to the rebuilding efforts.

Shimshai the scribe
Shimshai, as a scribe, held an important bureaucratic role, responsible for recording and communicating official documents. Scribes were educated and literate, often serving as advisors. The Hebrew root for "scribe" (סוֹפֵר, sopher) implies someone who counts or records, highlighting the meticulous nature of his work. His involvement underscores the organized opposition to the Jewish efforts.

and the rest of their associates
This phrase indicates a collective effort against the Jews, involving multiple parties. The term "associates" suggests a coalition or alliance, reflecting the political dynamics of the time. These individuals were likely local leaders or influential figures who felt threatened by the rebuilding of Jerusalem and sought to maintain their power.

living in Samaria
Samaria was a significant region in the Persian Empire, often at odds with Judah. The Samaritans, a mixed population resulting from Assyrian resettlement policies, had a contentious relationship with the Jews. This historical animosity is crucial to understanding the opposition to the rebuilding of the temple and Jerusalem's walls.

and elsewhere in the region west of the Euphrates
This phrase expands the scope of the opposition, indicating that it was not limited to Samaria but included other areas under Persian control. The "region west of the Euphrates" was a vast area known as "Beyond the River," a Persian administrative district. This highlights the widespread nature of the resistance and the strategic importance of the region.

Greetings
The use of "greetings" (שָׁלוֹם, shalom in Hebrew) is a formal salutation, common in ancient correspondence. It conveys a sense of peace and goodwill, though in this context, it is somewhat perfunctory given the adversarial nature of the communication. The word "shalom" carries deep connotations of wholeness and harmony, which contrasts with the underlying conflict in the narrative.

(17) Peace, and at such a time.--Salutation, and so forth. The account of the reply and the beginning of it are strangely blended, as before.

Verse 17. - Then sent the king an answer. The complaint made was of such importance that an answer was returned without delay. It was addressed both to Rehum and Shimshai, since they were independent authorities.. Peace, and at such a time. "Peace" (sheldm) is the ordinary Oriental salutation. The other word, uk'eth, is taken by our translators to refer to the date; but it really means, like uk'eneth (ver. 10), "and so forth," or "et cetera."

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
[Then] the king
מַלְכָּ֗א (mal·kā)
Noun - masculine singular determinate
Strong's 4430: A king

sent
שְׁלַ֣ח (šə·laḥ)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 7972: To send away, for, out

this reply:
פִּתְגָמָ֞א (piṯ·ḡā·mā)
Noun - masculine singular determinate
Strong's 6600: A word, answer, letter, decree

To
עַל־ (‘al-)
Preposition
Strong's 5922: Above, over, upon, against

Rehum
רְח֤וּם (rə·ḥūm)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 7348: Rehum -- 'compassion', the name of several Israelites

the commander,
בְּעֵל־ (bə·‘êl-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 1169: A master, a husband

Shimshai
וְשִׁמְשַׁ֣י (wə·šim·šay)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 8124: Shimshai -- a scribe who opposed Israel

the scribe,
סָֽפְרָ֔א (sā·p̄ə·rā)
Noun - masculine singular determinate
Strong's 5613: A secretary, scribe

and the rest
וּשְׁאָר֙ (ū·šə·’ār)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 7606: Rest, remainder

of your associates
כְּנָוָ֣תְה֔וֹן (kə·nā·wā·ṯə·hō·wn)
Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural
Strong's 3675: An associate

living
יָתְבִ֖ין (yā·ṯə·ḇîn)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural
Strong's 3488: To sit, dwell

in Samaria
בְּשָֽׁמְרָ֑יִן (bə·šā·mə·rā·yin)
Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 8115: Samaria -- capital of northern kingdom of Israel

and elsewhere
וּשְׁאָ֧ר (ū·šə·’ār)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 7606: Rest, remainder

in the region west
עֲבַֽר־ (‘ă·ḇar-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 5675: A region across, on the opposite side

of the Euphrates:
נַהֲרָ֛ה (na·hă·rāh)
Noun - masculine singular determinate
Strong's 5103: A river, the Euphrates

Greetings.
שְׁלָ֖ם (šə·lām)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 8001: Welfare, prosperity


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OT History: Ezra 4:17 Then sent the king an answer (Ezr. Ez)
Ezra 4:16
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