Exodus 9:12
New International Version
But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart and he would not listen to Moses and Aaron, just as the LORD had said to Moses.

New Living Translation
But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and just as the LORD had predicted to Moses, Pharaoh refused to listen.

English Standard Version
But the LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh, and he did not listen to them, as the LORD had spoken to Moses.

Berean Standard Bible
But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he would not listen to them, just as the LORD had said to Moses.

King James Bible
And the LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh, and he hearkened not unto them; as the LORD had spoken unto Moses.

New King James Version
But the LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh; and he did not heed them, just as the LORD had spoken to Moses.

New American Standard Bible
But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he did not listen to them, just as the LORD had spoken to Moses.

NASB 1995
And the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he did not listen to them, just as the LORD had spoken to Moses.

NASB 1977
And the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he did not listen to them, just as the LORD had spoken to Moses.

Legacy Standard Bible
And Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart with strength, and he did not listen to them, just as Yahweh had spoken to Moses.

Amplified Bible
But the LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh, and he did not listen or pay attention to them, just as the LORD had told Moses.

Christian Standard Bible
But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart and he did not listen to them, as the LORD had told Moses.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart and he did not listen to them, as the LORD had told Moses.

American Standard Version
And Jehovah hardened the heart of Pharaoh, and he hearkened not unto them, as Jehovah had spoken unto Moses.

Contemporary English Version
Everything happened just as the LORD had told Moses--he made the king too stubborn to listen to Moses and Aaron.

English Revised Version
And the LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh, and he hearkened not unto them; as the LORD had spoken unto Moses.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
But the LORD made Pharaoh stubborn, so he wouldn't listen to Moses and Aaron, as the LORD had predicted to Moses.

Good News Translation
But the LORD made the king stubborn and, just as the LORD had said, the king would not listen to Moses and Aaron.

International Standard Version
The LORD made Pharaoh's heart stubborn so that he would not listen to them, just as the LORD had told Moses.

Majority Standard Bible
But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he would not listen to them, just as the LORD had said to Moses.

NET Bible
But the LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he did not listen to them, just as the LORD had predicted to Moses.

New Heart English Bible
The LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh, and he did not listen to them, as the LORD had spoken to Moses.

Webster's Bible Translation
And the LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh, and he hearkened not to them; as the LORD had spoke to Moses.

World English Bible
Yahweh hardened the heart of Pharaoh, and he didn’t listen to them, as Yahweh had spoken to Moses.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And YHWH strengthens the heart of Pharaoh, and he has not listened to them, as YHWH has spoken to Moses.

Young's Literal Translation
And Jehovah strengtheneth the heart of Pharaoh, and he hath not hearkened unto them, as Jehovah hath spoken unto Moses.

Smith's Literal Translation
And Jehovah will bind fast the heart of Pharaoh, and he heard not to them: as Jehovah spake to Moses.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And the Lord hardened Pharao's heart, and he hearkened not unto them, as the Lord had spoken to Moses.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And the Lord hardened the heart of Pharaoh, and he did not listen to them, just as the Lord said to Moses.

New American Bible
But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he would not listen to them, just as the LORD had said to Moses.

New Revised Standard Version
But the LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh, and he would not listen to them, just as the LORD had spoken to Moses.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And the LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh and he did not listen to them, as the LORD had said to Moses.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And LORD JEHOVAH hardened the heart of Pharaoh and he did not listen to them, as LORD JEHOVAH had said to Moshe.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And the LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh, and he hearkened not unto them; as the LORD had spoken unto Moses.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And the Lord hardened Pharao's heart, and he hearkened not to them, as the Lord appointed.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Sixth Plague: Boils
11The magicians could not stand before Moses, because the boils had broken out on them and on all the Egyptians. 12But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he would not listen to them, just as the LORD had said to Moses.

Cross References
Romans 9:17-18
For the Scripture says to Pharaoh: “I raised you up for this very purpose, that I might display My power in you, and that My name might be proclaimed in all the earth.” / Therefore God has mercy on whom He wants to have mercy, and He hardens whom He wants to harden.

Exodus 4:21
The LORD instructed Moses, “When you go back to Egypt, see that you perform before Pharaoh all the wonders that I have put within your power. But I will harden his heart so that he will not let the people go.

Exodus 7:3
But I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, and though I will multiply My signs and wonders in the land of Egypt,

Exodus 10:1
Then the LORD said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh, for I have hardened his heart and the hearts of his officials, that I may perform these miraculous signs of Mine among them,

Exodus 11:10
Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh, but the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart so that he would not let the Israelites go out of his land.

Exodus 14:4
And I will harden Pharaoh’s heart so that he will pursue them. But I will gain honor by means of Pharaoh and all his army, and the Egyptians will know that I am the LORD.” So this is what the Israelites did.

Exodus 14:17
And I will harden the hearts of the Egyptians so that they will go in after them. Then I will gain honor by means of Pharaoh and all his army and chariots and horsemen.

Deuteronomy 2:30
But Sihon king of Heshbon would not let us pass through, for the LORD your God had made his spirit stubborn and his heart obstinate, that He might deliver him into your hand, as is the case this day.

Joshua 11:20
For it was of the LORD to harden their hearts to engage Israel in battle, so that they would be set apart for destruction and would receive no mercy, being annihilated as the LORD had commanded Moses.

Isaiah 6:9-10
And He replied: “Go and tell this people, ‘Be ever hearing, but never understanding; be ever seeing, but never perceiving.’ / Make the hearts of this people calloused; deafen their ears and close their eyes. Otherwise they might see with their eyes, hear with their ears, understand with their hearts, and turn and be healed.”

Isaiah 63:17
Why, O LORD, do You make us stray from Your ways and harden our hearts from fearing You? Return, for the sake of Your servants, the tribes of Your heritage.

John 12:40
“He has blinded their eyes and hardened their hearts, so that they cannot see with their eyes, and understand with their hearts, and turn, and I would heal them.”

Mark 4:11-12
He replied, “The mystery of the kingdom of God has been given to you, but to those on the outside everything is expressed in parables, / so that, ‘they may be ever seeing but never perceiving, and ever hearing but never understanding; otherwise they might turn and be forgiven.’”

Matthew 13:14-15
In them the prophecy of Isaiah is fulfilled: ‘You will be ever hearing but never understanding; you will be ever seeing but never perceiving. / For this people’s heart has grown callous; they hardly hear with their ears, and they have closed their eyes. Otherwise they might see with their eyes, hear with their ears, understand with their hearts, and turn, and I would heal them.’

2 Thessalonians 2:11-12
For this reason God will send them a powerful delusion so that they believe the lie, / in order that judgment may come upon all who have disbelieved the truth and delighted in wickedness.


Treasury of Scripture

And the LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh, and he listened not to them; as the LORD had spoken to Moses.

Exodus 4:21
And the LORD said unto Moses, When thou goest to return into Egypt, see that thou do all those wonders before Pharaoh, which I have put in thine hand: but I will harden his heart, that he shall not let the people go.

Exodus 7:13,14
And he hardened Pharaoh's heart, that he hearkened not unto them; as the LORD had said…

Psalm 81:11,12
But my people would not hearken to my voice; and Israel would none of me…

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Aaron Ear Hard Hardened Hearken Hearkened Heart Moses Pharaoh Pharaoh's Strengtheneth Stubborn
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Aaron Ear Hard Hardened Hearken Hearkened Heart Moses Pharaoh Pharaoh's Strengtheneth Stubborn
Exodus 9
1. The plague on livestock
8. The plague of boils
13. The message of Moses about the hail,
22. The plague of hail
27. Pharaoh pleads with Moses, but yet is hardened














But the LORD
This phrase emphasizes the sovereignty and active role of God in the unfolding events. The Hebrew word for "LORD" here is "YHWH," the sacred and personal name of God, which signifies His eternal presence and covenant faithfulness. This highlights that the actions taken are not random but are part of God's divine plan and purpose.

hardened
The Hebrew word used here is "chazaq," which means to strengthen, make firm, or harden. In the context of Pharaoh's heart, it suggests a divine strengthening of Pharaoh's resolve against letting the Israelites go. This hardening is not merely a passive allowance but an active reinforcement of Pharaoh's existing disposition, demonstrating God's control over human affairs to fulfill His purposes.

Pharaoh’s heart
The heart in Hebrew thought is the center of one's emotions, will, and intellect. Pharaoh's heart being hardened indicates a deep-seated resistance to God's commands. This phrase underscores the spiritual battle between God's will and human obstinacy, illustrating the profound impact of divine intervention on human decisions.

and he did not listen to them
This phrase reflects Pharaoh's continued disobedience and refusal to heed the warnings and commands delivered by Moses and Aaron. The act of not listening is a recurring theme in the Exodus narrative, symbolizing the spiritual deafness and rebellion against God's authority. It serves as a cautionary tale about the consequences of ignoring divine instruction.

just as the LORD had told Moses
This phrase reaffirms the fulfillment of God's word and His omniscience. It points back to earlier revelations where God informed Moses that Pharaoh's heart would be hardened (Exodus 4:21). This consistency between God's foretelling and the unfolding events underscores the reliability and truth of God's word, encouraging believers to trust in His promises and timing.

(12) The Lord hardened the heart of Pharaoh.--The judicial punitive hardening of Pharaoh's heart by God Himself now began. As with the heathen in later times, "because they did not like to retain God in their knowledge. God gave them over to a reprobate mind" (Romans 1:28), so now with Pharaoh: because he had twice hardened himself--i.e., resisted an impression made upon him, and crushed his inclination to yield to it (Exodus 8:15; Exodus 8:32), God hardened him. (See the comment on Exodus 4:21.)

Verse 12. - And the Lord hardened Pharaoh's heart. Up to this time the hardening of Pharaoh's heart has been ascribed to himself, or expressed indefinitely as a process that was continually going on - now for the first time it is positively stated that God hardened his heart, as he had threatened that he would (Exodus 4:21). On the general law of God's dealings with wicked men, see the comment on the above passage

CHAPTER 9:13-26

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
But the LORD
יְהוָה֙ (Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068: LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel

hardened
וַיְחַזֵּ֤ק (way·ḥaz·zêq)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 2388: To fasten upon, to seize, be strong, obstinate, to bind, restrain, conquer

Pharaoh’s
פַּרְעֹ֔ה (par·‘ōh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 6547: Pharaoh -- a title of Egypt kings

heart,
לֵ֣ב (lêḇ)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3820: The heart, the feelings, the will, the intellect, centre

and he would not
וְלֹ֥א (wə·lō)
Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

listen
שָׁמַ֖ע (šā·ma‘)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 8085: To hear intelligently

to them,
אֲלֵהֶ֑ם (’ă·lê·hem)
Preposition | third person masculine plural
Strong's 413: Near, with, among, to

just as
כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר (ka·’ă·šer)
Preposition-k | Pronoun - relative
Strong's 834: Who, which, what, that, when, where, how, because, in order that

the LORD
יְהוָ֖ה (Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068: LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel

had told
דִּבֶּ֥ר (dib·ber)
Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1696: To arrange, to speak, to subdue

Moses.
מֹשֶֽׁה׃ (mō·šeh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 4872: Moses -- a great Israelite leader, prophet and lawgiver


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OT Law: Exodus 9:12 Yahweh hardened the heart of Pharaoh (Exo. Ex)
Exodus 9:11
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