Verse (Click for Chapter) New International Version But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he would not let the Israelites go. New Living Translation But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart again, so he refused to let the people go. English Standard Version But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he did not let the people of Israel go. Berean Standard Bible But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he would not let the Israelites go. King James Bible But the LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart, so that he would not let the children of Israel go. New King James Version But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he did not let the children of Israel go. New American Standard Bible But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he did not let the sons of Israel go. NASB 1995 But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he did not let the sons of Israel go. NASB 1977 But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he did not let the sons of Israel go. Legacy Standard Bible But Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart with strength, and he did not let the sons of Israel go. Amplified Bible But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart [so that it was even more resolved and obstinate], and he did not let the Israelites go. Christian Standard Bible But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he did not let the Israelites go. Holman Christian Standard Bible But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he did not let the Israelites go. American Standard Version But Jehovah hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he did not let the children of Israel go. Contemporary English Version but the LORD made the king so stubborn that he still refused to let the Israelites go. English Revised Version But the LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he did not let the children of Israel go. GOD'S WORD® Translation But the LORD made Pharaoh stubborn, so he did not let the Israelites go. Good News Translation But the LORD made the king stubborn, and he did not let the Israelites go. International Standard Version But the LORD made Pharaoh's heart stubborn and he would not let the Israelis go. Majority Standard Bible But the LORD hardened Pharaoh?s heart, and he would not let the Israelites go. NET Bible But the LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he did not release the Israelites. New Heart English Bible But the LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he did not let the children of Israel go. Webster's Bible Translation But the LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart, so that he would not let the children of Israel go. World English Bible But Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he didn’t let the children of Israel go. Literal Translations Literal Standard Versionand YHWH strengthens the heart of Pharaoh, and he has not sent the sons of Israel away. Young's Literal Translation and Jehovah strengtheneth the heart of Pharaoh, and he hath not sent the sons of Israel away. Smith's Literal Translation And Jehovah will bind fast the heart of Pharaoh, and he sent not forth the sons of Israel. Catholic Translations Douay-Rheims BibleAnd the Lord hardened Pharao's heart, neither did he let the children of Israel go. Catholic Public Domain Version And the Lord hardened the heart of Pharaoh; neither did he release the sons of Israel. New American Bible Yet the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he would not let the Israelites go. New Revised Standard Version But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he would not let the Israelites go. Translations from Aramaic Lamsa BibleBut the LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart so that he would not let the children of Israel go. Peshitta Holy Bible Translated And LORD JEHOVAH hardened the heart of Pharaoh and he did not send out the children of Israel. OT Translations JPS Tanakh 1917But the LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he did not let the children of Israel go. Brenton Septuagint Translation And the Lord hardened the heart of Pharao, and he did not send away the children of Israel. Additional Translations ... Audio Bible Context The Eighth Plague: Locusts…19And the LORD changed the wind to a very strong west wind that carried off the locusts and blew them into the Red Sea. Not a single locust remained anywhere in Egypt. 20But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he would not let the Israelites go. Cross References Romans 9:17-18 For the Scripture says to Pharaoh: “I raised you up for this very purpose, that I might display My power in you, and that My name might be proclaimed in all the earth.” / Therefore God has mercy on whom He wants to have mercy, and He hardens whom He wants to harden. Exodus 4:21 The LORD instructed Moses, “When you go back to Egypt, see that you perform before Pharaoh all the wonders that I have put within your power. But I will harden his heart so that he will not let the people go. Exodus 7:3 But I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, and though I will multiply My signs and wonders in the land of Egypt, Exodus 9:12 But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he would not listen to them, just as the LORD had said to Moses. Exodus 11:10 Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh, but the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart so that he would not let the Israelites go out of his land. Exodus 14:4 And I will harden Pharaoh’s heart so that he will pursue them. But I will gain honor by means of Pharaoh and all his army, and the Egyptians will know that I am the LORD.” So this is what the Israelites did. Exodus 14:8 And the LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt so that he pursued the Israelites, who were marching out defiantly. Deuteronomy 2:30 But Sihon king of Heshbon would not let us pass through, for the LORD your God had made his spirit stubborn and his heart obstinate, that He might deliver him into your hand, as is the case this day. Joshua 11:20 For it was of the LORD to harden their hearts to engage Israel in battle, so that they would be set apart for destruction and would receive no mercy, being annihilated as the LORD had commanded Moses. Isaiah 63:17 Why, O LORD, do You make us stray from Your ways and harden our hearts from fearing You? Return, for the sake of Your servants, the tribes of Your heritage. 1 Samuel 6:6 Why harden your hearts as the Egyptians and Pharaoh hardened theirs? When He afflicted them, did they not send the people out so they could go on their way? Proverbs 21:1 The king’s heart is a waterway in the hand of the LORD; He directs it where He pleases. John 12:40 “He has blinded their eyes and hardened their hearts, so that they cannot see with their eyes, and understand with their hearts, and turn, and I would heal them.” 2 Thessalonians 2:11-12 For this reason God will send them a powerful delusion so that they believe the lie, / in order that judgment may come upon all who have disbelieved the truth and delighted in wickedness. Mark 6:52 for they had not understood about the loaves, but their hearts had been hardened. Treasury of Scripture But the LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart, so that he would not let the children of Israel go. Exodus 4:21 And the LORD said unto Moses, When thou goest to return into Egypt, see that thou do all those wonders before Pharaoh, which I have put in thine hand: but I will harden his heart, that he shall not let the people go. Exodus 7:13,14 And he hardened Pharaoh's heart, that he hearkened not unto them; as the LORD had said… Exodus 9:12 And the LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh, and he hearkened not unto them; as the LORD had spoken unto Moses. Jump to Previous Children Hard Hardened Heart Israel Israelites Pharaoh Pharaoh's Strengtheneth StubbornJump to Next Children Hard Hardened Heart Israel Israelites Pharaoh Pharaoh's Strengtheneth StubbornExodus 10 1. God threatens to send locusts7. Pharaoh, moved by his servants, inclines to let the Israelites go 12. The plague of the locusts 16. Pharaoh entreats Moses 21. The plague of darkness 24. Pharaoh again entreats Moses, but yet is hardened But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart This phrase indicates divine intervention in Pharaoh's decision-making process. In the context of the plagues, it shows God's sovereignty and His purpose to demonstrate His power and glory (Exodus 9:16). The hardening of Pharaoh's heart is a recurring theme in Exodus, emphasizing the tension between divine will and human agency. It also serves as a warning against pride and resistance to God's commands. Theologically, it raises questions about free will and predestination, which are explored in other scriptures such as Romans 9:17-18. This hardening is not arbitrary but part of God's plan to deliver Israel and establish His covenant with them. and he would not let the Israelites go Persons / Places / Events 1. The LORD (Yahweh)The covenant God of Israel, who demonstrates His power and sovereignty over Egypt and its gods through the plagues. 2. Pharaoh The ruler of Egypt, whose heart is hardened by the LORD, leading him to refuse the release of the Israelites. 3. The Israelites The descendants of Jacob, enslaved in Egypt, whom God intends to deliver through Moses. 4. Egypt The land where the Israelites are enslaved, and the setting for the plagues that demonstrate God's power. 5. The Plagues A series of divine judgments on Egypt, designed to compel Pharaoh to release the Israelites. Teaching Points God's SovereigntyGod's control over the hearts of rulers demonstrates His ultimate authority over human affairs. Believers can trust in God's sovereign plan, even when circumstances seem dire. Human Responsibility While God hardened Pharaoh's heart, Pharaoh also repeatedly chose to resist God. This duality highlights the mystery of divine sovereignty and human responsibility. The Danger of a Hardened Heart A hardened heart leads to spiritual blindness and resistance to God's will. Believers should guard against hardening their hearts by remaining open and responsive to God's Word. God's Purpose in Judgment The plagues were not only judgments but also revelations of God's power and glory. God's actions in history serve to reveal His character and purposes. Deliverance and Redemption The account of the Exodus foreshadows the ultimate deliverance and redemption found in Christ. Believers can find hope in God's power to save and deliver.(20) The Lord hardened Pharaoh's heart.--Comp. above, Exodus 9:12. Verse 20. - But the Lord hardened Pharaoh's heart. The word used here is the intensive one, khazoq, instead of the milder kabod of ver. 1. Pharaoh's prolonged obstinacy and impenitence was receiving aggravation by the working of the just laws of God. (See the comment on Exodus 4:21.) CHAPTER 10:21-29 |
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