Esther 9:29
New International Version
So Queen Esther, daughter of Abihail, along with Mordecai the Jew, wrote with full authority to confirm this second letter concerning Purim.

New Living Translation
Then Queen Esther, the daughter of Abihail, along with Mordecai the Jew, wrote another letter putting the queen’s full authority behind Mordecai’s letter to establish the Festival of Purim.

English Standard Version
Then Queen Esther, the daughter of Abihail, and Mordecai the Jew gave full written authority, confirming this second letter about Purim.

Berean Standard Bible
So Queen Esther daughter of Abihail, along with Mordecai the Jew, wrote with full authority to confirm this second letter concerning Purim.

King James Bible
Then Esther the queen, the daughter of Abihail, and Mordecai the Jew, wrote with all authority, to confirm this second letter of Purim.

New King James Version
Then Queen Esther, the daughter of Abihail, with Mordecai the Jew, wrote with full authority to confirm this second letter about Purim.

New American Standard Bible
Then Queen Esther, daughter of Abihail, with Mordecai the Jew, wrote with full authority to confirm this second letter about Purim.

NASB 1995
Then Queen Esther, daughter of Abihail, with Mordecai the Jew, wrote with full authority to confirm this second letter about Purim.

NASB 1977
Then Queen Esther, daughter of Abihail, with Mordecai the Jew, wrote with full authority to confirm this second letter about Purim.

Legacy Standard Bible
Then Queen Esther, daughter of Abihail, with Mordecai the Jew, wrote with full authority to establish this second letter about Purim.

Amplified Bible
Then Queen Esther, the daughter of Abihail, with Mordecai the Jew, wrote with full power and authority to confirm this second letter about Purim.

Christian Standard Bible
Queen Esther, daughter of Abihail, along with Mordecai the Jew, wrote this second letter with full authority to confirm the letter about Purim.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Queen Esther daughter of Abihail, along with Mordecai the Jew, wrote this second letter with full authority to confirm the letter about Purim.

American Standard Version
Then Esther the queen, the daughter of Abihail, and Mordecai the Jew, wrote with all authority to confirm this second letter of Purim.

Contemporary English Version
Queen Esther, daughter of Abihail, wanted to give full authority to Mordecai's letter about the Festival of Purim, and with his help she wrote a letter about the feast.

English Revised Version
Then Esther the queen, the daughter of Abihail, and Mordecai the Jew, wrote with all authority to confirm this second letter of Purim.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Abihail's daughter Queen Esther and Mordecai the Jew wrote with full authority in order to establish with this second letter the well-known celebration of Purim.

Good News Translation
Then Queen Esther, the daughter of Abihail, along with Mordecai, also wrote a letter, putting her full authority behind the letter about Purim, which Mordecai had written earlier.

International Standard Version
Queen Esther, the daughter of Abihail, and Mordecai the Jew wrote with full authority confirming this second letter about Purim.

Majority Standard Bible
So Queen Esther daughter of Abihail, along with Mordecai the Jew, wrote with full authority to confirm this second letter concerning Purim.

NET Bible
So Queen Esther, the daughter of Abihail, and Mordecai the Jew wrote with full authority to confirm this second letter about Purim.

New Heart English Bible
Then Esther the queen, the daughter of Abihail, and Mordecai the Jew, wrote with all authority to confirm this second letter of Purim.

Webster's Bible Translation
Then Esther the queen, the daughter of Abihail, and Mordecai the Jew, wrote with all authority, to confirm this second letter of Purim.

World English Bible
Then Esther the queen, the daughter of Abihail, and Mordecai the Jew wrote with all authority to confirm this second letter of Purim.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And Esther the queen, daughter of Abihail, writes, and Mordecai the Jew, with all might, to establish this second letter of Purim,

Young's Literal Translation
And Esther the queen, daughter of Abihail, writeth, and Mordecai the Jew, with all might, to establish this second letter of Purim,

Smith's Literal Translation
And Esther the queen, the daughter of Abihail, and Mordecai the Jew, will write with all power to set up the epistle of Purim, this second.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And Esther the queen, the daughter of Abihail, and Mardochai the Jew, wrote also a second epistle, that with all diligence this day should be established a festival for the time to come.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And Esther the queen, the daughter of Abihail, and Mordecai the Jew, also wrote a second letter, so that with all zealousness this day would be confirmed as customary for future generations.

New American Bible
Queen Esther, daughter of Abihail, and Mordecai the Jew, wrote to confirm with full authority this second letter about Purim,

New Revised Standard Version
Queen Esther daughter of Abihail, along with the Jew Mordecai, gave full written authority, confirming this second letter about Purim.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Then Esther the queen, the daughter of Abihail, and Mordecai the Jew wrote with all authority to confirm this letter of Porayey.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And Esthir the queen, daughter of Abikhel and Murdacai the Jews, wrote all the truths that would confirm this letter of Puraya.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
Then Esther the queen, the daughter of Abihail, and Mordecai the Jew, wrote down all the acts of power, to confirm this second letter of Purim.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And queen Esther, the daughter of Aminadab, and Mardochaeus the Jew, wrote all that they had done, and the confirmation of the letter of Phrurae.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Feast of Purim Instituted
28These days should be remembered and celebrated by every generation, family, province, and city, so that these days of Purim should not fail to be observed among the Jews, nor should the memory of them fade from their descendants. 29So Queen Esther daughter of Abihail, along with Mordecai the Jew, wrote with full authority to confirm this second letter concerning Purim. 30And Mordecai sent letters with words of peace and truth to all the Jews in the 127 provinces of the kingdom of Xerxes,…

Cross References
Esther 8:8
Now you may write in the king’s name as you please regarding the Jews, and seal it with the royal signet ring. For a decree that is written in the name of the king and sealed with the royal signet ring cannot be revoked.”

Esther 3:12
On the thirteenth day of the first month, the royal scribes were summoned and the order was written exactly as Haman commanded the royal satraps, the governors of each province, and the officials of each people, in the script of each province and the language of every people. It was written in the name of King Xerxes and sealed with the royal signet ring.

Esther 2:22
When Mordecai learned of the plot, he reported it to Queen Esther, and she informed the king on Mordecai’s behalf.

Esther 4:8
Mordecai also gave Hathach a copy of the written decree issued in Susa for the destruction of the Jews, to show and explain to Esther, urging her to approach the king, implore his favor, and plead before him for her people.

Esther 5:5
“Hurry,” commanded the king, “and bring Haman, so we can do as Esther has requested.” So the king and Haman went to the banquet that Esther had prepared.

Esther 7:5
Then King Xerxes spoke up and asked Queen Esther, “Who is this, and where is the one who would devise such a scheme?”

Esther 8:10
Mordecai wrote in the name of King Xerxes and sealed it with the royal signet ring. He sent the documents by mounted couriers riding on swift horses bred from the royal mares.

Esther 8:17
In every province and every city, wherever the king’s edict and decree reached, there was joy and gladness among the Jews, with feasting and celebrating. And many of the people of the land themselves became Jews, because the fear of the Jews had fallen upon them.

Esther 9:20-22
Mordecai recorded these events and sent letters to all the Jews in all the provinces of King Xerxes, both near and far, / to establish among them an annual celebration on the fourteenth and fifteenth days of the month of Adar / as the days on which the Jews gained rest from their enemies and the month in which their sorrow turned to joy and their mourning into a holiday. He wrote that these were to be days of feasting and joy, of sending gifts to one another and to the poor.

Esther 10:3
For Mordecai the Jew was second only to King Xerxes, preeminent among the Jews and highly favored by his many kinsmen, seeking the good of his people and speaking peace to all his countrymen.

Nehemiah 9:38
In view of all this, we make a binding agreement, putting it in writing and sealing it with the names of our leaders, Levites, and priests.”

Daniel 6:8
Therefore, O king, establish the decree and sign the document so that it cannot be changed—in accordance with the law of the Medes and Persians, which cannot be repealed.”

Daniel 6:15
Then the men approached the king together and said to him, “Remember, O king, that by the law of the Medes and Persians no decree or ordinance established by the king can be changed.”

2 Chronicles 30:1
Then Hezekiah sent word throughout all Israel and Judah, and he also wrote letters to Ephraim and Manasseh inviting them to come to the house of the LORD in Jerusalem to keep the Passover of the LORD, the God of Israel.

2 Chronicles 30:6
At the command of the king, the couriers went throughout Israel and Judah with letters from the king and his officials, which read: “Children of Israel, return to the LORD, the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, so that He may return to those of you who remain, who have escaped the grasp of the kings of Assyria.


Treasury of Scripture

Then Esther the queen, the daughter of Abihail, and Mordecai the Jew, wrote with all authority, to confirm this second letter of Purim.

remembered.

Exodus 12:17
And ye shall observe the feast of unleavened bread; for in this selfsame day have I brought your armies out of the land of Egypt: therefore shall ye observe this day in your generations by an ordinance for ever.

Psalm 78:5-7
For he established a testimony in Jacob, and appointed a law in Israel, which he commanded our fathers, that they should make them known to their children: …

Psalm 103:2
Bless the LORD, O my soul, and forget not all his benefits:

fail.

Exodus 13:8,9
And thou shalt shew thy son in that day, saying, This is done because of that which the LORD did unto me when I came forth out of Egypt…

Joshua 4:7
Then ye shall answer them, That the waters of Jordan were cut off before the ark of the covenant of the LORD; when it passed over Jordan, the waters of Jordan were cut off: and these stones shall be for a memorial unto the children of Israel for ever.

Zechariah 6:14
And the crowns shall be to Helem, and to Tobijah, and to Jedaiah, and to Hen the son of Zephaniah, for a memorial in the temple of the LORD.

perish from their seed.

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Abihail Ab'ihail Acts Authority Confirm Confirming Daughter Establish Esther Force Full Jew Letter Mordecai Mor'decai Power Purim Queen Second Writeth Written Wrote
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Abihail Ab'ihail Acts Authority Confirm Confirming Daughter Establish Esther Force Full Jew Letter Mordecai Mor'decai Power Purim Queen Second Writeth Written Wrote
Esther 9
1. The Jews slay their enemies, with the ten sons of Haman.
12. Xerxes, at the request of Esther,
14. grants another day of slaughter, and Haman's sons to be hanged.
20. The two days of Purim are instituted.














Then Queen Esther
The mention of "Queen Esther" highlights her elevated status and authority within the Persian Empire. Esther, originally a Jewish orphan named Hadassah, rose to prominence as queen, which is a testament to God's providence and the fulfillment of His plans through unexpected means. Her position as queen is crucial, as it allows her to influence the king and protect her people. The Hebrew root for "Esther" is related to the word "hidden," which is fitting given the hidden nature of God's work throughout the book.

daughter of Abihail
This phrase serves to remind readers of Esther's Jewish heritage and lineage. "Abihail" means "my father is might" in Hebrew, which underscores the strength and faith of Esther's family background. It is a subtle reminder of the divine strength and support that undergirds Esther's actions and decisions.

along with Mordecai the Jew
Mordecai's identification as "the Jew" emphasizes his role as a representative of the Jewish people. His partnership with Esther in this endeavor highlights the unity and collaboration necessary for the survival and success of their people. Historically, Mordecai's rise to power as second in command to the king is a remarkable reversal of fortune, showcasing God's ability to elevate the humble and faithful.

wrote with full authority
The phrase "with full authority" indicates the legal and binding nature of the decree. In the Persian Empire, once a decree was written and sealed with the king's signet ring, it could not be revoked. This underscores the seriousness and permanence of the actions taken by Esther and Mordecai. The authority they wield is not just political but divinely orchestrated, as God works through them to ensure the safety of His people.

to confirm this second letter about Purim
The "second letter" refers to the additional communication needed to establish the celebration of Purim as an enduring festival. Purim commemorates the deliverance of the Jews from Haman's plot to annihilate them. The historical context of Purim is significant, as it marks a time of great joy and relief for the Jewish people, transforming a period of mourning into one of celebration. The establishment of Purim as a perpetual observance serves as a reminder of God's faithfulness and deliverance, encouraging future generations to remember and celebrate His providence and protection.

(29) This second letter.--It seems to us that the first letter must be that extracted from the king by Esther (Esther 8:8), and consequently this "second letter "is Mordecai's (Esther 9:20), which is now confirmed in a more authoritative way.

Verse 29. - Then Esther the queen, the daughter of Abihail,... wrote. The unusual designation of Esther as "daughter of Abihail" can only be accounted for by her having so designated herself in the letter. With all authority. Rather, "with all earnestness," or "impressiveness." Literally, the word used means "strength." To confirm this second letter of Purina. The first letter is the one which is mentioned in vers. 20 and 26. That letter having elicited the favourable reply contained in vers. 26-28, a "second letter of Purina" was now issued, "confirming" and establishing the observance. It went forth not as an edict, or in the king's name, but as a letter, and in the names of Esther and Mordecai.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
So Queen
הַמַּלְכָּ֧ה (ham·mal·kāh)
Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 4436: Queen -- a queen

Esther
אֶסְתֵּ֨ר (’es·têr)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 635: Esther -- 'star', Ahasuerus' queen who delivered Israel

daughter
בַת־ (ḇaṯ-)
Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 1323: A daughter

of Abihail,
אֲבִיחַ֛יִל (’ă·ḇî·ḥa·yil)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 32: Abihail -- 'my father is might', an Israelite name

along with Mordecai
וּמָרְדֳּכַ֥י (ū·mā·rə·do·ḵay)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 4782: Mordecai -- a companion of Zerubbabel, also a cousin of Esther

the Jew,
הַיְּהוּדִ֖י (hay·yə·hū·ḏî)
Article | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3064: Jews -- Jewish

wrote
וַ֠תִּכְתֹּב (wat·tiḵ·tōḇ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 3789: To grave, to write

with full
כָּל־ (kāl-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

authority
תֹּ֑קֶף (tō·qep̄)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 8633: Power, strength, energy

to confirm
לְקַיֵּ֗ם (lə·qay·yêm)
Preposition-l | Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct
Strong's 6965: To arise, stand up, stand

this
הַזֹּ֖את (haz·zōṯ)
Article | Pronoun - feminine singular
Strong's 2063: Hereby in it, likewise, the one other, same, she, so much, such deed, that,

second
הַשֵּׁנִֽית׃ (haš·šê·nîṯ)
Article | Number - ordinal feminine singular
Strong's 8145: Second (an ordinal number)

letter
אִגֶּ֧רֶת (’ig·ge·reṯ)
Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 107: An epistle

concerning Purim.
הַפּוּרִ֛ים (hap·pū·rîm)
Article | Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 6332: a lot', a Jewish feast


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OT History: Esther 9:29 Then Esther the queen the daughter (Est Esth. Es)
Esther 9:28
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