Esther 10:2 And all of Mordecai's powerful and magnificent accomplishments, together with the full account of the greatness to which the king had raised him, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Media and Persia?

◄ Esther 10:2 ►

New International Version
And all his acts of power and might, together with a full account of the greatness of Mordecai, whom the king had promoted, are they not written in the book of the annals of the kings of Media and Persia?

New Living Translation
His great achievements and the full account of the greatness of Mordecai, whom the king had promoted, are recorded in The Book of the History of the Kings of Media and Persia.

English Standard Version
And all the acts of his power and might, and the full account of the high honor of Mordecai, to which the king advanced him, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the kings of Media and Persia?

Berean Standard Bible
And all of Mordecai’s powerful and magnificent accomplishments, together with the full account of the greatness to which the king had raised him, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Media and Persia?

King James Bible
And all the acts of his power and of his might, and the declaration of the greatness of Mordecai, whereunto the king advanced him, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Media and Persia?

New King James Version
Now all the acts of his power and his might, and the account of the greatness of Mordecai, to which the king advanced him, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Media and Persia?

New American Standard Bible
And every accomplishment of his authority and power, and the full account of the greatness of Mordecai with which the king honored him, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Media and Persia?

NASB 1995
And all the accomplishments of his authority and strength, and the full account of the greatness of Mordecai to which the king advanced him, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Media and Persia?

NASB 1977
And all the accomplishments of his authority and strength, and the full account of the greatness of Mordecai, to which the king advanced him, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Media and Persia?

Legacy Standard Bible
And the entire work of his authority and his might, and the full account of the greatness of Mordecai, whom the king had made so great, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Media and Persia?

Amplified Bible
And all the accomplishments of his authority and strength, and the full account of the greatness of Mordecai to which the king had raised him, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Media and Persia?

Christian Standard Bible
All of his powerful and magnificent accomplishments and the detailed account of Mordecai’s great rank with which the king had honored him, have they not been written in the Book of the Historical Events of the Kings of Media and Persia?

Holman Christian Standard Bible
All of his powerful and magnificent accomplishments and the detailed account of Mordecai’s great rank to which the king had honored him, have they not been written in the Historical Records of the Kings of Media and Persia?

American Standard Version
And all the acts of his power and of his might, and the full account of the greatness of Mordecai, whereunto the king advanced him, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Media and Persia?

Contemporary English Version
All the great and famous things that King Xerxes did are written in the record books of the kings of Media and Persia. These records also tell about the honors that the king gave to Mordecai.

English Revised Version
And all the acts of his power and of his might, and the full account of the greatness of Mordecai, whereunto the king advanced him, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Media and Persia?

GOD'S WORD® Translation
All his acts of power and might along with the whole account of the greatness of Mordecai, whom the king had promoted, are recorded in the history of the kings of the Medes and Persians.

Good News Translation
All the great and wonderful things he did, as well as the whole story of how he promoted Mordecai to high office, are recorded in the official records of the kings of Persia and Media.

International Standard Version
Now as to all the powerful and great deeds of Ahasuerus, along with an exact statement about the high position of Mordecai to which the king promoted him, these things are written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Media and Persia, are they not?

Majority Standard Bible
And all of Mordecai?s powerful and magnificent accomplishments, together with the full account of the greatness to which the king had raised him, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Media and Persia?

NET Bible
Now all the actions carried out under his authority and his great achievements, along with an exact statement concerning the greatness of Mordecai, whom the king promoted, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Media and Persia?

New Heart English Bible
All the acts of his power and of his might, and the full account of the greatness of Mordecai, to which the king advanced him, aren't they written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Media and Persia?

Webster's Bible Translation
And all the acts of his power and of his might, and the declaration of the greatness of Mordecai, to which the king advanced him, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Media and Persia?

World English Bible
Aren’t all the acts of his power and of his might, and the full account of the greatness of Mordecai, to which the king advanced him, written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Media and Persia?

Literal Translations

Literal Standard Version
and all the work of his strength, and his might, and the explanation of the greatness of Mordecai with which the king made him great, are they not written on the scroll of the Chronicles of Media and Persia?

Young's Literal Translation
and all the work of his strength, and his might, and the explanation of the greatness of Mordecai with which the king made him great, are they not written on the book of the Chronicles of Media and Persia?

Smith's Literal Translation
And all the work of his power and his strength, and the exposition of the greatness of Mordecai which the king magnified him, are they not written upon the book of the words of the days to the kings of Media and Persia?

Catholic Translations

Douay-Rheims Bible
And his strength and his empire, and the dignity and greatness wherewith he exalted Mardochai, are written in the books of the Medes, and of the Persians:

Catholic Public Domain Version
And his strength and his authority, and the dignity and supremacy with which he exalted Mordecai, have been written in the books of the Medes and the Persians,

New American Bible
All the acts of his power and valor, as well as a detailed account of the greatness of Mordecai, whom the king promoted, are recorded in the chronicles of the kings of Media and Persia.

New Revised Standard Version
All the acts of his power and might, and the full account of the high honor of Mordecai, to which the king advanced him, are they not written in the annals of the kings of Media and Persia?

Translations from Aramaic

Lamsa Bible
And all the acts of his power and of his might and the glory of the greatness of Mordecai unto which the king promoted him, behold, they are written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Media and Persia.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And all the acts of his strength and his heroism and the glory of the greatness of Murdacai with which the King promoted him, behold, it is written in the scroll of the Words of Days of the Kings of Media and Persia.

OT Translations

JPS Tanakh 1917
And all the acts of his power and of his might, and the full account of the greatness of Mordecai, how the king advanced him, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Media and Persia?

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And as for his strength and valour, and the wealth and glory of his kingdom, behold, they are written in the book of the Persians and Medes, for a memorial.

Additional Translations ...

Audio Bible

Context

Tribute to Xerxes and Mordecai
1Now King Xerxes imposed tribute throughout the land, even to its farthest shores. 2And all of Mordecai’s powerful and magnificent accomplishments, together with the full account of the greatness to which the king had raised him, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Media and Persia? 3For Mordecai the Jew was second only to King Xerxes, preeminent among the Jews and highly favored by his many kinsmen, seeking the good of his people and speaking peace to all his countrymen.…

Berean Standard Bible · Download

Cross References

Esther 2:23
After the report had been investigated and verified, both officials were hanged on the gallows. And all this was recorded in the Book of the Chronicles in the presence of the king.

Esther 6:1-3
That night sleep escaped the king; so he ordered the Book of Records, the Chronicles, to be brought in and read to him. / And there it was found recorded that Mordecai had exposed Bigthana and Teresh, two of the eunuchs who guarded the king’s entrance, when they had conspired to assassinate King Xerxes. / The king inquired, “What honor or dignity has been bestowed on Mordecai for this act?” “Nothing has been done for him,” replied the king’s attendants.

Esther 9:20-22
Mordecai recorded these events and sent letters to all the Jews in all the provinces of King Xerxes, both near and far, / to establish among them an annual celebration on the fourteenth and fifteenth days of the month of Adar / as the days on which the Jews gained rest from their enemies and the month in which their sorrow turned to joy and their mourning into a holiday. He wrote that these were to be days of feasting and joy, of sending gifts to one another and to the poor.

Esther 8:15
Mordecai went out from the presence of the king in royal garments of blue and white, with a large gold crown and a purple robe of fine linen. And the city of Susa shouted and rejoiced.

Esther 3:1
After these events, King Xerxes honored Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, elevating him to a position above all the princes who were with him.

Esther 5:11
Haman recounted to them his glorious wealth, his many sons, and all the ways the king had honored and promoted him over the other officials and servants.

Esther 9:4
For Mordecai exercised great power in the palace, and his fame spread throughout the provinces as he became more and more powerful.

1 Kings 11:41
As for the rest of the acts of Solomon—all that he did, as well as his wisdom—are they not written in the Book of the Acts of Solomon?

1 Kings 14:19
As for the rest of the acts of Jeroboam, how he waged war and how he reigned, they are indeed written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Israel.

1 Kings 14:29
As for the rest of the acts of Rehoboam, along with all that he did, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Judah?

2 Chronicles 9:29
As for the rest of the acts of Solomon, from beginning to end, are they not written in the Records of Nathan the Prophet, in the Prophecy of Ahijah the Shilonite, and in the Visions of Iddo the Seer concerning Jeroboam son of Nebat?

2 Chronicles 16:11
Now the acts of Asa, from beginning to end, are indeed written in the Book of the Kings of Judah and Israel.

2 Chronicles 20:34
As for the rest of the acts of Jehoshaphat, from beginning to end, they are indeed written in the Chronicles of Jehu son of Hanani, which are recorded in the Book of the Kings of Israel.

2 Chronicles 27:7
As for the rest of the acts of Jotham, along with all his wars and his ways, they are indeed written in the Book of the Kings of Israel and Judah.

2 Chronicles 32:32
As for the rest of the acts of Hezekiah and his deeds of loving devotion, they are indeed written in the vision of the prophet Isaiah son of Amoz in the Book of the Kings of Judah and Israel.

Treasury of Scripture

And all the acts of his power and of his might, and the declaration of the greatness of Mordecai, whereunto the king advanced him, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Media and Persia?

all the acts.

1 Kings 11:41
And the rest of the acts of Solomon, and all that he did, and his wisdom, are they not written in the book of the acts of Solomon?

1 Kings 22:39
Now the rest of the acts of Ahab, and all that he did, and the ivory house which he made, and all the cities that he built, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel?

advanced him.

Esther 8:15
And Mordecai went out from the presence of the king in royal apparel of blue and white, and with a great crown of gold, and with a garment of fine linen and purple: and the city of Shushan rejoiced and was glad.

Esther 9:4
For Mordecai was great in the king's house, and his fame went out throughout all the provinces: for this man Mordecai waxed greater and greater.

Psalm 18:35
Thou hast also given me the shield of thy salvation: and thy right hand hath holden me up, and thy gentleness hath made me great.

in the book.

Esther 2:23
And when inquisition was made of the matter, it was found out; therefore they were both hanged on a tree: and it was written in the book of the chronicles before the king.

Esther 6:1
On that night could not the king sleep, and he commanded to bring the book of records of the chronicles; and they were read before the king.

1 Kings 14:19
And the rest of the acts of Jeroboam, how he warred, and how he reigned, behold, they are written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel.

Media.

Persia.

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Account Acts Advanced Annals Authority Book Chronicles Declaration Explanation Full Great Greatness High History Honor Kings Media Mordecai Mor'decai Persia Power Raised Recorded Story Strength Together Whereunto Work Written

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Esther 10

1. Xerxes' greatness.
3. Mordecai's advancement.

Berean Study Bible

And all the acts of his authority and might
This phrase highlights the comprehensive nature of King Ahasuerus's reign, emphasizing both his "authority" and "might." The Hebrew word for "authority" (שָׁלְטָן, sholtan) conveys a sense of dominion and governance, reflecting the king's power to rule and make decisions. "Might" (גְּבוּרָה, geburah) refers to strength and valor, often associated with military prowess and the ability to enforce one's will. Historically, the Persian Empire was known for its vast expanse and military strength, which allowed it to maintain control over a diverse and widespread population. This phrase sets the stage for understanding the context in which Mordecai's rise to prominence occurs, underlining the significance of his achievements within such a powerful empire.

along with the full account of the greatness of Mordecai
The "full account" suggests a detailed and comprehensive record, indicating that Mordecai's deeds were significant enough to be meticulously documented. The "greatness of Mordecai" (מָרְדֳּכַי, Mordekhai) is a testament to his character and accomplishments. In the Hebrew context, "greatness" (גְּדוּלָּה, gedulah) implies not only prominence and influence but also moral and spiritual stature. Mordecai's greatness is not merely in his political position but also in his faithfulness to God and his people. This aligns with the broader biblical narrative where true greatness is often associated with righteousness and service to others.

whom the king had promoted
This phrase underscores the divine providence at work in Mordecai's life. The promotion by the king (מֶלֶךְ, melek) is a pivotal moment, reflecting the biblical theme of God elevating the humble and faithful. The Hebrew root for "promoted" (גָּדַל, gadal) means to make great or to magnify, suggesting that Mordecai's rise was not just a matter of human decision but part of a divine plan. In the historical context of the Persian Empire, such a promotion would have been rare for a Jew, highlighting the extraordinary nature of Mordecai's ascent and the favor he found in the eyes of the king.

are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the kings of Media and Persia?
This rhetorical question emphasizes the authenticity and historical veracity of the events described. The "Book of the Chronicles" (סֵפֶר דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים, sefer divrei hayamim) was a record of significant events and acts of the kings, akin to royal annals. The mention of "Media and Persia" (מָדַי וּפָרַס, Madai uParas) situates the narrative within a specific historical and geopolitical context, underscoring the vastness and diversity of the empire. This reference serves to remind readers of the enduring impact of Mordecai's actions, as they were deemed worthy of inclusion in the official records of one of history's greatest empires. It also reflects the biblical theme of God's people being remembered and honored in the annals of history, affirming the lasting legacy of faithfulness and courage.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(2) Power.--The same word as that translated authority in Esther 9:29.

Pulpit Commentary

Verse 2. - All the acts of his power and of his might. These are unknown to us. After the failure of the Grecian expedition Xerxes attempted nothing further on that side of his empire, and the Greeks consequently record nothing more concerning him. He may have made expeditions in other directions. But the chief evidences that we have of his activity point to his having sought to gratify his ambition and give vent to his grand ideas by erecting magnificent buildings. The book of the chronicles. See Esther 2:23; Esther 6:1; Esther 9:32. The kings of Media and Persia. It is indicative of the intimate connection of the two Iranian empires that one "book" contained the records of both. The fact of the connection is fully established by profane history. Its exact nature is not perhaps even yet fully understood. "Media" seems to be placed before "Persia" in this place on chronological grounds, because the Median history preceded the Persian history, and was therefore recorded first in the "book."

Parallel Commentaries ...

Hebrew

And all
וְכָל־ (wə·ḵāl)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

of Mordecai's
מָרְדֳּכַ֔י (mā·rə·do·ḵay)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 4782: Mordecai -- a companion of Zerubbabel, also a cousin of Esther

powerful
תָקְפּוֹ֙ (ṯā·qə·pōw)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 8633: Power, strength, energy

and magnificent
וּגְב֣וּרָת֔וֹ (ū·ḡə·ḇū·rā·ṯōw)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 1369: Force, valor, victory

accomplishments,
מַעֲשֵׂ֤ה (ma·‘ă·śêh)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 4639: An action, a transaction, activity, a product, property

together with the full account
וּפָרָשַׁת֙ (ū·p̄ā·rā·šaṯ)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 6575: Exact statement

of the greatness
גְּדֻלַּ֣ת (gə·ḏul·laṯ)
Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 1420: Greatness, mighty acts

to which
אֲשֶׁ֥ר (’ă·šer)
Pronoun - relative
Strong's 834: Who, which, what, that, when, where, how, because, in order that

the king
הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ (ham·me·leḵ)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 4428: A king

had raised him,
גִּדְּל֖וֹ (gid·də·lōw)
Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular
Strong's 1431: To grow up, become great

are they
הֵ֣ם (hêm)
Pronoun - third person masculine plural
Strong's 1992: They

not
הֲלוֹא־ (hă·lō·w-)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

written
כְּתוּבִ֗ים (kə·ṯū·ḇîm)
Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine plural
Strong's 3789: To grave, to write

in
עַל־ (‘al-)
Preposition
Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against

the Book
סֵ֙פֶר֙ (sê·p̄er)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 5612: A missive, document, writing, book

of the Chronicles
דִּבְרֵ֣י (diḇ·rê)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 1697: A word, a matter, thing, a cause

of the Kings
לְמַלְכֵ֖י (lə·mal·ḵê)
Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 4428: A king

of Media
מָדַ֥י (mā·ḏay)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 4074: Media -- a son of Japheth, also his descendants and their land

and Persia?
וּפָרָֽס׃ (ū·p̄ā·rās)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 6539: Persia -- a country in west Asia which conquered Babylon

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OT History: Esther 10:2 All the acts of his power (Est Esth. Es)