Verse (Click for Chapter) New International Version A copy of the text of the edict was to be issued as law in every province and made known to the people of every nationality so that the Jews would be ready on that day to avenge themselves on their enemies. New Living Translation A copy of this decree was to be issued as law in every province and proclaimed to all peoples, so that the Jews would be ready to take revenge on their enemies on the appointed day. English Standard Version A copy of what was written was to be issued as a decree in every province, being publicly displayed to all peoples, and the Jews were to be ready on that day to take vengeance on their enemies. Berean Standard Bible A copy of the text of the edict was to be issued in every province and published to all the people, so that the Jews would be ready on that day to avenge themselves on their enemies. King James Bible The copy of the writing for a commandment to be given in every province was published unto all people, and that the Jews should be ready against that day to avenge themselves on their enemies. New King James Version A copy of the document was to be issued as a decree in every province and published for all people, so that the Jews would be ready on that day to avenge themselves on their enemies. New American Standard Bible A copy of the edict to be issued as law in each and every province was published to all the peoples, so that the Jews would be ready for this day to avenge themselves on their enemies. NASB 1995 A copy of the edict to be issued as law in each and every province was published to all the peoples, so that the Jews would be ready for this day to avenge themselves on their enemies. NASB 1977 A copy of the edict to be issued as law in each and every province, was published to all the peoples, so that the Jews should be ready for this day to avenge themselves on their enemies. Legacy Standard Bible A copy of that which was written down to be given as law in each and every province was revealed to all the peoples, so that the Jews would be ready for this day to avenge themselves on their enemies. Amplified Bible A copy of the edict was to be issued as a law in every province and as a proclamation to all peoples, so that the Jews would be ready on that day, to avenge themselves on their enemies. Christian Standard Bible A copy of the text, issued as law throughout every province, was distributed to all the peoples so the Jews could be ready to avenge themselves against their enemies on that day. Holman Christian Standard Bible A copy of the text, issued as law throughout every province, was distributed to all the peoples so the Jews could be ready to avenge themselves against their enemies on that day. American Standard Version A copy of the writing, that the decree should be given out in every province, was published unto all the peoples, and that the Jews should be ready against that day to avenge themselves on their enemies. English Revised Version A copy of the writing, that the decree should be given out in every province, was published unto all the peoples, and that the Jews should be ready against that day to avenge themselves on their enemies. GOD'S WORD® Translation The copy of the document was made public in a decree to every province for all people. On that day the Jews were to be ready to take revenge on their enemies. Good News Translation It was to be proclaimed as law and made known to everyone in every province, so that the Jews would be ready to take revenge on their enemies when that day came. International Standard Version A copy of the document was to be issued as law in each and every province and published for all people, indicating that the Jewish people were to be ready to take vengeance on their enemies on that day. Majority Standard Bible A copy of the text of the edict was to be issued in every province and published to all the people, so that the Jews would be ready on that day to avenge themselves on their enemies. NET Bible A copy of the edict was to be presented as law throughout each and every province and made known to all peoples, so that the Jews might be prepared on that day to avenge themselves from their enemies. New Heart English Bible A copy of the letter, that the decree should be given out in every province, was published to all the peoples, that the Jews should be ready for that day to avenge themselves on their enemies. Webster's Bible Translation The copy of the writing for a commandment, to be given in every province was published to all people, and that the Jews should be ready against that day to avenge themselves on their enemies. World English Bible A copy of the letter, that the decree should be given out in every province, was published to all the peoples, that the Jews should be ready for that day to avenge themselves on their enemies. Literal Translations Literal Standard Versiona copy of the writing to be made law in each and every province is revealed to all the peoples, and for the Jews being ready at this day to be avenged of their enemies. Young's Literal Translation a copy of the writing to be made law in every province and province is revealed to all the peoples, and for the Jews being ready at this day to be avenged of their enemies. Smith's Literal Translation The copy of the writing to be given an edict in every province and province, revealed to all the peoples, and for the Jews to be ready for this day to avenge themselves of their enemies. Catholic Translations Douay-Rheims BibleAnd this was the content of the letter, that it should be notified in all lands and peoples that were subject to the empire of king Assuerus, that the Jews were ready to be revenged of their enemies. Catholic Public Domain Version New American Bible A copy of the letter to be promulgated as law in each and every province was published among all the peoples, so that the Jews might be prepared on that day to avenge themselves on their enemies. New Revised Standard Version A copy of the writ was to be issued as a decree in every province and published to all peoples, and the Jews were to be ready on that day to take revenge on their enemies. Translations from Aramaic Lamsa BibleThe copy of the writing was is sued in every province and it was decreed to all peoples that the Jews should be ready on that day to avenge themselves upon their enemies. Peshitta Holy Bible Translated And a copy of the writing was given to every town and he commanded all the peoples that the Jews would be prepared for this day to avenge themselves of their enemies. OT Translations JPS Tanakh 1917The copy of the writing, to be given out for a decree in every province, was to be published unto all the peoples, and that the Jews should be ready against that day to avenge themselves on their enemies. Brenton Septuagint Translation And let the copies be posted in conspicuous places throughout the kingdom, and let all the Jews be ready against this day, to fight against their enemies. Additional Translations ... Audio Bible Context The Decree of Xerxes…12The single day appointed throughout all the provinces of King Xerxes was the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, the month of Adar. 13A copy of the text of the edict was to be issued in every province and published to all the people, so that the Jews would be ready on that day to avenge themselves on their enemies. 14The couriers rode out in haste on their royal horses, pressed on by the command of the king. And the edict was also issued in the citadel of Susa.… Cross References Esther 3:13 And the letters were sent by couriers to each of the royal provinces with the order to destroy, kill, and annihilate all the Jews—young and old, women and children—and to plunder their possessions on a single day, the thirteenth day of Adar, the twelfth month. Esther 9:1-2 On the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, the month of Adar, the king’s command and edict were to be executed. On this day the enemies of the Jews had hoped to overpower them, but their plan was overturned and the Jews overpowered those who hated them. / In each of the provinces of King Xerxes, the Jews assembled in their cities to attack those who sought to harm them. No man could withstand them, because the fear of them had fallen upon all peoples. Daniel 6:8-9 Therefore, O king, establish the decree and sign the document so that it cannot be changed—in accordance with the law of the Medes and Persians, which cannot be repealed.” / Therefore King Darius signed the written decree. Daniel 6:15 Then the men approached the king together and said to him, “Remember, O king, that by the law of the Medes and Persians no decree or ordinance established by the king can be changed.” Ezra 7:14 You are sent by the king and his seven counselors to evaluate Judah and Jerusalem according to the Law of your God, which is in your hand. Nehemiah 2:8 And may I have a letter to Asaph, keeper of the king’s forest, so that he will give me timber to make beams for the gates of the citadel to the temple, for the city wall, and for the house I will occupy.” And because the gracious hand of my God was upon me, the king granted my requests. 2 Chronicles 30:1 Then Hezekiah sent word throughout all Israel and Judah, and he also wrote letters to Ephraim and Manasseh inviting them to come to the house of the LORD in Jerusalem to keep the Passover of the LORD, the God of Israel. 2 Chronicles 30:6 At the command of the king, the couriers went throughout Israel and Judah with letters from the king and his officials, which read: “Children of Israel, return to the LORD, the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, so that He may return to those of you who remain, who have escaped the grasp of the kings of Assyria. 2 Kings 10:1 Now Ahab had seventy sons in Samaria. So Jehu wrote letters and sent them to Samaria to the officials of Jezreel, to the elders, and to the guardians of the sons of Ahab, saying: 2 Kings 10:6 Then Jehu wrote them a second letter and said: “If you are on my side, and if you will obey me, then bring the heads of your master’s sons to me at Jezreel by this time tomorrow.” Now the sons of the king, seventy in all, were being brought up by the leading men of the city. Acts 23:23-24 Then he called two of his centurions and said, “Prepare two hundred soldiers, seventy horsemen, and two hundred spearmen to go to Caesarea in the third hour of the night. / Provide mounts for Paul to take him safely to Governor Felix.” Acts 15:23-29 and sent them with this letter: The apostles and the elders, your brothers, To the brothers among the Gentiles in Antioch, Syria, and Cilicia: Greetings. / It has come to our attention that some went out from us without our authorization and unsettled you, troubling your minds by what they said. / So we all agreed to choose men to send to you along with our beloved Barnabas and Paul, ... Acts 9:1-2 Meanwhile, Saul was still breathing out murderous threats against the disciples of the Lord. He approached the high priest / and requested letters to the synagogues in Damascus, so that if he found any men or women belonging to the Way, he could bring them as prisoners to Jerusalem. Acts 8:1-4 And Saul was there, giving approval to Stephen’s death. On that day a great persecution broke out against the church in Jerusalem, and all except the apostles were scattered throughout Judea and Samaria. / God-fearing men buried Stephen and mourned deeply over him. / But Saul began to destroy the church. Going from house to house, he dragged off men and women and put them in prison. ... Acts 4:17-18 But to keep this message from spreading any further among the people, we must warn them not to speak to anyone in this name.” / Then they called them in again and commanded them not to speak or teach at all in the name of Jesus. Treasury of Scripture The copy of the writing for a commandment to be given in every province was published to all people, and that the Jews should be ready against that day to avenge themselves on their enemies. published. Judges 16:28 And Samson called unto the LORD, and said, O Lord GOD, remember me, I pray thee, and strengthen me, I pray thee, only this once, O God, that I may be at once avenged of the Philistines for my two eyes. Psalm 37:14,15 The wicked have drawn out the sword, and have bent their bow, to cast down the poor and needy, and to slay such as be of upright conversation… Psalm 68:23 That thy foot may be dipped in the blood of thine enemies, and the tongue of thy dogs in the same. Jump to Previous Avenge Avenged Commandment Copy Decree Division Edict Enemies Given Haters Issued Jews Letter Order Peoples Proclamation Province Public Published Punishment Ready Revealed Text Themselves WritingJump to Next Avenge Avenged Commandment Copy Decree Division Edict Enemies Given Haters Issued Jews Letter Order Peoples Proclamation Province Public Published Punishment Ready Revealed Text Themselves WritingEsther 8 1. Mordecai is advanced.3. Esther makes suit to reverse Haman's letters. 7. Xerxes grants to the Jews to defend themselves. 15. Mordecai's honor, and the Jews' joy. A copy of the text of the edict was to be issued in every province This phrase highlights the vastness of the Persian Empire, which stretched from India to Ethiopia, encompassing 127 provinces (Esther 1:1). The administrative efficiency of the empire allowed for rapid communication across these regions. The use of written edicts was a common practice in ancient empires to ensure that laws and decrees were uniformly understood and enforced. This reflects the historical context of the Persian Empire's governance, where communication was key to maintaining control over such a large and diverse territory. and published to all the people so that the Jews would be ready on that day to avenge themselves on their enemies Persons / Places / Events 1. EstherThe Jewish queen of Persia who played a crucial role in saving her people from destruction. 2. Mordecai Esther's cousin and guardian, who was instrumental in the plan to protect the Jews. 3. King Ahasuerus (Xerxes I) The Persian king who issued the edict allowing the Jews to defend themselves. 4. Haman The antagonist who initially plotted to destroy the Jews, leading to the need for this edict. 5. Susa The capital of the Persian Empire, where the events of Esther primarily take place. 6. The Jews The people who were under threat of annihilation and were given the right to defend themselves. Teaching Points Divine Providence and Human ResponsibilityGod's providence is evident in the timing and circumstances that allowed the Jews to defend themselves. Believers should trust in God's timing while also taking responsible actions. The Power of Righteous Leadership Esther and Mordecai's leadership exemplifies how righteous leaders can influence and protect their communities. Christians are called to lead with integrity and courage. The Importance of Community Preparedness The edict required the Jews to be ready to defend themselves. Similarly, the Christian community should be prepared to stand firm in faith and support one another in times of trial. Justice and Mercy While the Jews were given the right to avenge themselves, the broader biblical account calls for justice tempered with mercy. Christians are encouraged to seek justice while showing mercy and love.(13) To avenge themselves on their enemies.--The Hebrew word used here "does not necessarily signify a violent emotion of a resentful spirit, but a steady resolve to defend the right; it is used of the Almighty Himself, rescuing the oppressed, defending the right, and punishing the assailant and the oppressor" (Wordsworth).Verse 13. - This verse reproduces ver. 14 of ch. 3, with a slight modification of the last clause. It is probable that a copy of the decree was originally inserted at the end of the verse. Parallel Commentaries ... Hebrew A copyפַּתְשֶׁ֣גֶן (paṯ·še·ḡen) Noun - masculine singular construct Strong's 6572: A transcript of the text, הַכְּתָ֗ב (hak·kə·ṯāḇ) Article | Noun - masculine singular Strong's 3791: Something written, a writing, record, book issued לְהִנָּ֤תֵֽן (lə·hin·nā·ṯên) Preposition-l | Verb - Nifal - Infinitive construct Strong's 5414: To give, put, set as law דָּת֙ (dāṯ) Noun - feminine singular Strong's 1881: A royal edict, statute throughout every בְּכָל־ (bə·ḵāl) Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every province, מְדִינָ֣ה (mə·ḏî·nāh) Noun - feminine singular Strong's 4082: A judgeship, jurisdiction, a district, a region was distributed גָּל֖וּי (gā·lui) Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine singular Strong's 1540: To denude, to exile, to reveal to all לְכָל־ (lə·ḵāl) Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every the peoples, הָעַמִּ֑ים (hā·‘am·mîm) Article | Noun - masculine plural Strong's 5971: A people, a tribe, troops, attendants, a flock so that the Jews הַיְּהוּדִ֤ים (hay·yə·hū·ḏîm) Article | Noun - proper - masculine plural Strong's 3064: Jews -- Jewish would be וְלִהְי֨וֹת (wə·lih·yō·wṯ) Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct Strong's 1961: To fall out, come to pass, become, be prepared עֲתִידִים֙ (‘ă·ṯî·ḏîm) Adjective - masculine plural Strong's 6259: Prepared on that הַזֶּ֔ה (haz·zeh) Article | Pronoun - masculine singular Strong's 2088: This, that day לַיּ֣וֹם (lay·yō·wm) Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singular Strong's 3117: A day to avenge themselves לְהִנָּקֵ֖ם (lə·hin·nā·qêm) Preposition-l | Verb - Nifal - Infinitive construct Strong's 5358: To grudge, avenge, punish on their enemies. מֵאֹיְבֵיהֶֽם׃ (mê·’ō·yə·ḇê·hem) Preposition-m | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural Strong's 341: Hating, an adversary Links Esther 8:13 NIVEsther 8:13 NLT Esther 8:13 ESV Esther 8:13 NASB Esther 8:13 KJV Esther 8:13 BibleApps.com Esther 8:13 Biblia Paralela Esther 8:13 Chinese Bible Esther 8:13 French Bible Esther 8:13 Catholic Bible OT History: Esther 8:13 A copy of the letter that (Est Esth. 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