2 Thessalonians 2:4
New International Version
He will oppose and will exalt himself over everything that is called God or is worshiped, so that he sets himself up in God’s temple, proclaiming himself to be God.

New Living Translation
He will exalt himself and defy everything that people call god and every object of worship. He will even sit in the temple of God, claiming that he himself is God.

English Standard Version
who opposes and exalts himself against every so-called god or object of worship, so that he takes his seat in the temple of God, proclaiming himself to be God.

Berean Standard Bible
He will oppose and exalt himself above every so-called god or object of worship. So he will seat himself in the temple of God, proclaiming himself to be God.

Berean Literal Bible
the one opposing and exalting himself above every so-called god or object of worship--so as for him to sit down in the temple of God, setting forth that he himself is God.

King James Bible
Who opposeth and exalteth himself above all that is called God, or that is worshipped; so that he as God sitteth in the temple of God, shewing himself that he is God.

New King James Version
who opposes and exalts himself above all that is called God or that is worshiped, so that he sits as God in the temple of God, showing himself that he is God.

New American Standard Bible
who opposes and exalts himself above every so-called god or object of worship, so that he takes his seat in the temple of God, displaying himself as being God.

NASB 1995
who opposes and exalts himself above every so-called god or object of worship, so that he takes his seat in the temple of God, displaying himself as being God.

NASB 1977
who opposes and exalts himself above every so-called god or object of worship, so that he takes his seat in the temple of God, displaying himself as being God.

Legacy Standard Bible
who opposes and exalts himself above every so-called god or object of worship, so that he takes his seat in the sanctuary of God, exhibiting himself as being God.

Amplified Bible
who opposes and exalts himself [so proudly and so insolently] above every so-called god or object of worship, so that he [actually enters and] takes his seat in the temple of God, publicly proclaiming that he himself is God.

Christian Standard Bible
He opposes and exalts himself above every so-called god or object of worship, so that he sits in God’s temple, proclaiming that he himself is God.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
He opposes and exalts himself above every so-called god or object of worship, so that he sits in God’s sanctuary, publicizing that he himself is God.

American Standard Version
he that opposeth and exalteth himself against all that is called God or that is worshipped; so that he sitteth in the temple of God, setting himself forth as God.

Contemporary English Version
He will brag and oppose everything holy or sacred. He will even sit in God's temple and claim to be God.

English Revised Version
he that opposeth and exalteth himself against all that is called God or that is worshipped; so that he sitteth in the temple of God, setting himself forth as God.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
He opposes every so-called god or anything that is worshiped and places himself above them, sitting in God's temple and claiming to be God.

Good News Translation
He will oppose every so-called god or object of worship and will put himself above them all. He will even go in and sit down in God's Temple and claim to be God.

International Standard Version
He opposes and exalts himself above every so-called god and object of worship. As a result, he seats himself in the sanctuary of God and himself declares that he is God.

Majority Standard Bible
He will oppose and exalt himself above every so-called god or object of worship. So he will seat himself as God in the temple of God, proclaiming himself to be God.

NET Bible
He opposes and exalts himself above every so-called god or object of worship, and as a result he takes his seat in God's temple, displaying himself as God.

New Heart English Bible
he who opposes and exalts himself against all that is called God or that is worshiped; so that he sits in the temple of God, setting himself up as God.

Webster's Bible Translation
Who opposeth and exalteth himself above all that is called God, or that is worshiped; so that he as God sitteth in the temple of God, showing himself that he is God.

Weymouth New Testament
and exalts himself above, every so-called 'god' or object of worship, and goes the length of taking his seat in the very temple of God, giving it out that he himself is God.

World English Bible
He opposes and exalts himself against all that is called God or that is worshiped, so that he sits as God in the temple of God, setting himself up as God.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
who is opposing and is raising himself up above all called god or worshiped, so as for him to have sat down in the temple of God, proclaiming that he is God.

Berean Literal Bible
the one opposing and exalting himself above every so-called god or object of worship--so as for him to sit down in the temple of God, setting forth that he himself is God.

Young's Literal Translation
who is opposing and is raising himself up above all called God or worshipped, so that he in the sanctuary of God as God hath sat down, shewing himself off that he is God -- the day doth not come.

Smith's Literal Translation
Who being opposed and lifted up above all called God, or which is worshipped; so that he as God sits in the temple of God, showing himself that he is God.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Who opposeth, and is lifted up above all that is called God, or that is worshipped, so that he sitteth in the temple of God, shewing himself as if he were God.

Catholic Public Domain Version
who is an adversary to, and who is lifted up above, all that is called God or that is worshipped, so much so that he sits in the temple of God, presenting himself as if he were God.

New American Bible
who opposes and exalts himself above every so-called god and object of worship, so as to seat himself in the temple of God, claiming that he is a god—

New Revised Standard Version
He opposes and exalts himself above every so-called god or object of worship, so that he takes his seat in the temple of God, declaring himself to be God.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Who opposes and exalts himself above all that is called God or that is reverenced; so that even in the temple of God, he sits as a god, and shows himself, as though he were a god.

Aramaic Bible in Plain English
He who opposes and exalts himself against everything that is called God and religion, just as he will sit in the Temple of God, as God, and will show concerning himself as if he is God.
NT Translations
Anderson New Testament
who opposes and exalts himself above every one that is called God, or that is worshiped, so that he sits as God in the temple of God, openly showing himself that he is God.

Godbey New Testament
the one opposing and exalting himself above everything that is called God or divinity; so that he sits in the temple of God, showing himself off that he is God.

Haweis New Testament
who opposeth himself against, and exalteth himself above all that is called God, or is the object of adoration; so that he in the temple of God sitteth as God, exhibiting himself in public that he is God.

Mace New Testament
that adversary that exalts it self above the divine authority of majesty: that is seated in the temple of God, pretending to be it self divine.

Weymouth New Testament
and exalts himself above, every so-called 'god' or object of worship, and goes the length of taking his seat in the very temple of God, giving it out that he himself is God.

Worrell New Testament
he that opposes himself against, and exalts himself above, all that is called God, or that is worshiped; so that he sits in the temple of God, exhibiting himself as God.

Worsley New Testament
the son of perdition, who opposeth and exalteth himself above all that is called God, or the object of worship; so that he sits as God in the temple of God, shewing himself that he is God.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Man of Lawlessness
3Let no one deceive you in any way, for it will not come until the rebellion occurs and the man of lawlessness—the son of destruction—is revealed. 4He will oppose and exalt himself above every so-called god or object of worship. So he will seat himself in the temple of God, proclaiming himself to be God. 5Do you not remember that I told you these things while I was still with you?…

Cross References
Daniel 11:36
Then the king will do as he pleases and will exalt and magnify himself above every god, and he will speak monstrous things against the God of gods. He will be successful until the time of wrath is completed, for what has been decreed must be accomplished.

Revelation 13:6
And the beast opened its mouth to speak blasphemies against God and to slander His name and His tabernacle—those who dwell in heaven.

Matthew 24:15
So when you see standing in the holy place ‘the abomination of desolation,’ spoken of by the prophet Daniel (let the reader understand),

Daniel 7:25
He will speak out against the Most High and oppress the saints of the Most High, intending to change the appointed times and laws; and the saints will be given into his hand for a time, and times, and half a time.

Isaiah 14:13-14
You said in your heart: “I will ascend to the heavens; I will raise my throne above the stars of God. I will sit on the mount of assembly, in the far reaches of the north. / I will ascend above the tops of the clouds; I will make myself like the Most High.”

Ezekiel 28:2
“Son of man, tell the ruler of Tyre that this is what the Lord GOD says: Your heart is proud, and you have said, ‘I am a god; I sit in the seat of gods in the heart of the sea.’ Yet you are a man and not a god, though you have regarded your heart as that of a god.

Revelation 13:5-8
The beast was given a mouth to speak arrogant and blasphemous words, and authority to act for 42 months. / And the beast opened its mouth to speak blasphemies against God and to slander His name and His tabernacle—those who dwell in heaven. / Then the beast was permitted to wage war against the saints and to conquer them, and it was given authority over every tribe and people and tongue and nation. ...

1 John 2:18
Children, it is the last hour; and just as you have heard that the antichrist is coming, so now many antichrists have appeared. This is how we know it is the last hour.

Mark 13:14
So when you see the abomination of desolation standing where it should not be (let the reader understand), then let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains.

Daniel 8:11
It magnified itself, even to the Prince of the host; it removed His daily sacrifice and overthrew the place of His sanctuary.

Revelation 11:1-2
Then I was given a measuring rod like a staff and was told, “Go and measure the temple of God and the altar, and count the number of worshipers there. / But exclude the courtyard outside the temple. Do not measure it, because it has been given over to the nations, and they will trample the holy city for 42 months.

1 John 4:3
and every spirit that does not confess Jesus is not from God. This is the spirit of the antichrist, which you have heard is coming and which is already in the world at this time.

Daniel 9:27
And he will confirm a covenant with many for one week, but in the middle of the week he will put an end to sacrifice and offering. And on the wing of the temple will come the abomination that causes desolation, until the decreed destruction is poured out upon him.”

Matthew 24:24
For false Christs and false prophets will appear and perform great signs and wonders to deceive even the elect, if that were possible.

Revelation 19:20
But the beast was captured along with the false prophet, who on its behalf had performed signs deceiving those who had the mark of the beast and worshiped its image. Both the beast and the false prophet were thrown alive into the fiery lake of burning sulfur.


Treasury of Scripture

Who opposes and exalts himself above all that is called God, or that is worshipped; so that he as God sits in the temple of God, showing himself that he is God.

and exalteth.

Isaiah 14:13
For thou hast said in thine heart, I will ascend into heaven, I will exalt my throne above the stars of God: I will sit also upon the mount of the congregation, in the sides of the north:

Ezekiel 28:2,6,9
Son of man, say unto the prince of Tyrus, Thus saith the Lord GOD; Because thine heart is lifted up, and thou hast said, I am a God, I sit in the seat of God, in the midst of the seas; yet thou art a man, and not God, though thou set thine heart as the heart of God: …

Daniel 7:8,25
I considered the horns, and, behold, there came up among them another little horn, before whom there were three of the first horns plucked up by the roots: and, behold, in this horn were eyes like the eyes of man, and a mouth speaking great things…

called.

1 Corinthians 8:5
For though there be that are called gods, whether in heaven or in earth, (as there be gods many, and lords many,)

sitteth.

Daniel 8:12-14
And an host was given him against the daily sacrifice by reason of transgression, and it cast down the truth to the ground; and it practised, and prospered…

Daniel 11:45
And he shall plant the tabernacles of his palace between the seas in the glorious holy mountain; yet he shall come to his end, and none shall help him.

Revelation 13:6,7
And he opened his mouth in blasphemy against God, to blaspheme his name, and his tabernacle, and them that dwell in heaven…

Jump to Previous
Authority Exalt Exalteth Exalts Forth Forward Goes High Length Object Oppose Opposes Opposing Proclaiming Puts Putting Raising Sanctuary Sat Seat Sets Setting Shewing Showing Sits Sitteth So-Called Temple Worship Worshiped Worshipped
Jump to Next
Authority Exalt Exalteth Exalts Forth Forward Goes High Length Object Oppose Opposes Opposing Proclaiming Puts Putting Raising Sanctuary Sat Seat Sets Setting Shewing Showing Sits Sitteth So-Called Temple Worship Worshiped Worshipped
2 Thessalonians 2
1. Paul urges them to continue stedfast in the truth received;
3. shows that there shall be a departure from the faith,
9. and a discovery of Antichrist, before the day of the Lord comes;
15. repeats his exhortation to stand firm, and prays for them.














He will oppose
The Greek word for "oppose" is "ἀντίκειμαι" (antikeimai), which means to be set against or to resist. This word paints a picture of active resistance and hostility. In the context of the end times, this opposition is not passive but a deliberate and aggressive stance against God and His divine order. Historically, this reflects the spirit of antichrist, which has been present throughout history, manifesting in various forms of rebellion against God's authority.

and exalt himself
The phrase "exalt himself" comes from the Greek "ὑπεραίρω" (hyperairō), meaning to lift oneself up or to become haughty. This self-exaltation is a hallmark of pride, reminiscent of Lucifer's fall from grace as described in Isaiah 14:13-14. The act of self-exaltation is a direct challenge to God's sovereignty, as it seeks to place oneself above the divine order established by God.

above every so-called god
The term "so-called god" uses the Greek "λεγόμενος" (legomenos), indicating something that is named or reputed but not necessarily real. This phrase underscores the futility and falsehood of idols and false deities that people worship. Historically, this reflects the myriad of gods worshiped in the Greco-Roman world, which were powerless compared to the one true God.

or object of worship
The Greek word "σέβασμα" (sebasma) refers to anything that is venerated or revered. This includes idols, temples, and any physical representation of deity. The historical context here is the widespread idolatry in ancient cultures, where objects were often imbued with divine significance. The verse highlights the antichrist's ambition to surpass all forms of worship, whether they are legitimate or false.

So he will seat himself
The act of seating oneself, "καθίζω" (kathizō), implies taking a position of authority or rulership. In ancient times, to be seated was to be enthroned, symbolizing power and control. This imagery is significant as it suggests the antichrist's attempt to usurp God's rightful place, echoing the ultimate rebellion against divine authority.

in the temple of God
The "temple of God" refers to the sacred place where God's presence dwells. In the Jewish context, this would be the temple in Jerusalem, the center of worship and sacrifice. Theologically, this phrase can also be understood as the church, the body of believers, where God's Spirit resides. The antichrist's intrusion into this sacred space is a profound act of desecration and blasphemy.

proclaiming himself to be God
The Greek "ἀποδεικνύω" (apodeiknymi) means to declare or demonstrate. This proclamation is not just a verbal claim but an assertion of identity and authority. Historically, this mirrors the actions of figures like Antiochus Epiphanes and Roman emperors who demanded divine honors. Theologically, it represents the ultimate deception, where the antichrist seeks to replace God in the hearts and minds of people.

(4) Who opposeth and exalteth himself.--The original continues a quasi-substantival form:--"the opposer and exalter of himself"--well-known descriptions (doubtless) of the Antichrist; several of the details are drawn directly from the description of Antiochus in Daniel 11. Being merely descriptive epithets, we are not at liberty to press the present tense, and say that the Man of Sin was already thus acting at the time St. Paul wrote. The word for "the opposer," or "adversary," is a pretty close rendering of the name "Satan," and passed, in ecclesiastical Greek into a synonym for it. The acts here attributed to the Man of Sin are peculiarly Satanic. (Comp. Isaiah 14:12-14; 2Timothy 3:6.) Of course, however, we must not confound Satan himself with his human minister.

Above all that is called God.--The translation here is not quite exact. The word "above" in the original is compounded with "exalteth"; it should be, and super-exalteth, or exhalteth himself above measure (2Corinthians 12:7, where the same compound is used) against every God so called. Probably the clause "against every God" is to be taken only with "super-exalteth "; the description "who opposeth" stands absolutely: it is one characteristic of the Man of Sin to be always in opposition, and to have concord with no one. "Every God so called" includes the false gods with the true God (comp. 1Corinthians 8:5): true or false, it matters not to jealous Antichrist, who would have nothing worshipped but himself. This explains the addition of the little clause, "or that is worshipped." Many things received religious homage from men without being called gods; and the original word (sebasma) may perhaps be designed to hint at one such worship, viz., the worship of the Augustus (Sebastos). It would be far-fetched, however, to see in this a direct prophecy of conflict between Antichrist and the Civil Power; although it must be admitted that even the word "gods" is sometimes used of secular rulers (e.g., Psalm 82:1-6; John 10:34), in which sense some take it here. . . .

Verse 4. - Who opposeth; or, the opposer, taken substantively. The object of opposition is not so much believers, as Christ; he is antichrist, the opponent of Christ. And yet antichrist is not Satan, the great adversary (1 Peter 5:8; Revelation 12:10), for he is expressly distinguished from him (2 Thessalonians 2:9), but the instrument of Satan. As Satan entered into the heart of Judas Iscariot, the son of perdition, so does he take possession of the man of sin. And exalteth himself above; or rather, against, in a hostile manner. All that is called God; not only against all the false gods of the heathen, but also against the true God (comp. Daniel 7:25; Daniel 11:36). Or that is worshipped; that is an object of worship. The same word that is used in Acts 17:23, "As I passed by and beheld your devotions" - the objects of your worship. So that he as God. The words "as God" are to be omitted, as not found in the best manuscripts. Sitteth in the temple of God. According to some, the temple of Jerusalem (De Wette, Lunemann, Eadie), either as it then existed or as restored according to the prophecy of Ezekiel But it appears more correct to refer the expression metaphorically to the Christian Church. It is a favourite metaphor of Paul to compare believers in particular, or the Church in general, to the temple of God (comp. 1 Corinthians 3:17; 1 Corinthians 6:19; Ephesians 2:20-22). Showing - exhibiting - himself that he is God. His sitting in the temple of God was an assertion of his divinity; he claimed to be regarded and worshipped as God. This was the crowning act of his impiety; not only, like the Roman emperors, he demanded to be worshipped as one of many gods, but he claimed to himself the prerogative of the Godhead, not only to the exclusion of the false gods of heathenism, but even of the tree God.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Greek
[He]
(ho)
Article - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

will oppose
ἀντικείμενος (antikeimenos)
Verb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 480: To resist, oppose, withstand, lie opposite to. From anti and keimai; to lie opposite, i.e. Be adverse to.

and
καὶ (kai)
Conjunction
Strong's 2532: And, even, also, namely.

exalt himself
ὑπεραιρόμενος (hyperairomenos)
Verb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 5229: Lit: To raise beyond, uplift; mid: To lift myself up, exalt myself, be arrogant.

above
ἐπὶ (epi)
Preposition
Strong's 1909: On, to, against, on the basis of, at.

every
πάντα (panta)
Adjective - Accusative Masculine Singular
Strong's 3956: All, the whole, every kind of. Including all the forms of declension; apparently a primary word; all, any, every, the whole.

so-called
λεγόμενον (legomenon)
Verb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Accusative Masculine Singular
Strong's 3004: (a) I say, speak; I mean, mention, tell, (b) I call, name, especially in the pass., (c) I tell, command.

god
Θεὸν (Theon)
Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular
Strong's 2316: A deity, especially the supreme Divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very.

or
(ē)
Conjunction
Strong's 2228: Or, than. A primary particle of distinction between two connected terms; disjunctive, or; comparative, than.

object of worship.
σέβασμα (sebasma)
Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular
Strong's 4574: An object of worship or veneration. From sebazomai; something adored, i.e. An object of worship.

So
ὥστε (hōste)
Conjunction
Strong's 5620: So that, therefore, so then, so as to. From hos and te; so too, i.e. Thus therefore.

he
αὐτὸν (auton)
Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 846: He, she, it, they, them, same. From the particle au; the reflexive pronoun self, used of the third person, and of the other persons.

will seat himself
καθίσαι (kathisai)
Verb - Aorist Infinitive Active
Strong's 2523: Another form for kathezomai; to seat down, i.e. Set; intransitively, to sit; figuratively, to settle.

in
εἰς (eis)
Preposition
Strong's 1519: A primary preposition; to or into, of place, time, or purpose; also in adverbial phrases.

the
τὸν (ton)
Article - Accusative Masculine Singular
Strong's 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

temple
ναὸν (naon)
Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular
Strong's 3485: A temple, a shrine, that part of the temple where God himself resides. From a primary naio; a fane, shrine, temple.

of God,
Θεοῦ (Theou)
Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular
Strong's 2316: A deity, especially the supreme Divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very.

proclaiming himself
ἀποδεικνύντα (apodeiknynta)
Verb - Present Participle Active - Accusative Masculine Singular
Strong's 584: From apo and deiknuo; to show off, i.e. Exhibit; figuratively, to demonstrate, i.e. Accredit.

to be
ἔστιν (estin)
Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 1510: I am, exist. The first person singular present indicative; a prolonged form of a primary and defective verb; I exist.

God.
Θεός (Theos)
Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 2316: A deity, especially the supreme Divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very.


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NT Letters: 2 Thessalonians 2:4 He who opposes and exalts himself against (2 Thess. 2 Thes. 2Th iiTh ii th)
2 Thessalonians 2:3
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