Verse (Click for Chapter) New International Version All those who were in distress or in debt or discontented gathered around him, and he became their commander. About four hundred men were with him. New Living Translation Then others began coming—men who were in trouble or in debt or who were just discontented—until David was the captain of about 400 men. English Standard Version And everyone who was in distress, and everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was bitter in soul, gathered to him. And he became commander over them. And there were with him about four hundred men. Berean Standard Bible And all who were distressed or indebted or discontented rallied around him, and he became their leader. About four hundred men were with him. King James Bible And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was discontented, gathered themselves unto him; and he became a captain over them: and there were with him about four hundred men. New King James Version And everyone who was in distress, everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was discontented gathered to him. So he became captain over them. And there were about four hundred men with him. New American Standard Bible Then everyone who was in distress, and everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was discontented gathered to him; and he became captain over them. Now there were about four hundred men with him. NASB 1995 Everyone who was in distress, and everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was discontented gathered to him; and he became captain over them. Now there were about four hundred men with him. NASB 1977 And everyone who was in distress, and everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was discontented, gathered to him; and he became captain over them. Now there were about four hundred men with him. Legacy Standard Bible Then everyone who was in distress, and everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was bitter of soul, gathered to him; and he became a commander over them. Now there were about four hundred men with him. Amplified Bible Everyone who was suffering hardship, and everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was discontented gathered to him; and he became captain over them. There were about four hundred men with him. Christian Standard Bible In addition, every man who was desperate, in debt, or discontented rallied around him, and he became their leader. About four hundred men were with him. Holman Christian Standard Bible In addition, every man who was desperate, in debt, or discontented rallied around him, and he became their leader. About 400 men were with him. American Standard Version And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was discontented, gathered themselves unto him; and he became captain over them: and there were with him about four hundred men. Contemporary English Version A lot of other people joined him too. Some were in trouble, others were angry or in debt, and David was soon the leader of 400 men. English Revised Version And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was discontented, gathered themselves unto him; and he became captain over them: and there were with him about four hundred men. GOD'S WORD® Translation Then everyone who was in trouble, in debt, or bitter about life joined him, and he became their commander. There were about four hundred men with him. Good News Translation People who were oppressed or in debt or dissatisfied went to him, about four hundred men in all, and he became their leader. International Standard Version Everyone who was in distress, everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was malcontent gathered around him, and he became their leader. There were about 400 men with him. Majority Standard Bible And all who were distressed or indebted or discontented rallied around him, and he became their leader. About four hundred men were with him. NET Bible All those who were in trouble or owed someone money or were discontented gathered around him, and he became their leader. He had about four hundred men with him. New Heart English Bible Everyone who was in distress, and everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was discontented, gathered themselves to him; and he became captain over them: and there were with him about four hundred men. Webster's Bible Translation And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was discontented, resorted to him; and he became a captain over them: and there were with him about four hundred men. World English Bible Everyone who was in distress, everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was discontented gathered themselves to him; and he became captain over them. There were with him about four hundred men. Literal Translations Literal Standard Versionand every man in distress gathers themselves to him, and every man who has an exactor, and every man bitter in soul, and he is for head over them, and there are about four hundred men with him. Young's Literal Translation and gather themselves unto him do every man in distress, and every man who hath an exactor, and every man bitter in soul, and he is over them for head, and there are with him about four hundred men. Smith's Literal Translation And there will gather to him every man being pressed and every man which to him a creditor, and every man bitter of soul; and he will be for chief over them: and there will be with him about four hundred men. Catholic Translations Douay-Rheims BibleAnd all that were in distress and oppressed with debt, and under affliction of mind gathered themselves unto him: and he became their prince, and there were with him about four hundred men. Catholic Public Domain Version And all those left in distress, or oppressed by debt to strangers, or bitter in soul, gathered themselves to him. And he became their leader, and about four hundred men were with him. New American Bible He was joined by all those in difficulties or in debt, or embittered, and became their leader. About four hundred men were with him. New Revised Standard Version Everyone who was in distress, and everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was discontented gathered to him; and he became captain over them. Those who were with him numbered about four hundred. Translations from Aramaic Lamsa BibleAnd there gathered to him every man who was in distress and every man who was in debt and every man who was discontented, and he became chief over them; and there were with him about four hundred men. Peshitta Holy Bible Translated And every man who was distressed assembled with him, and every man who had a creditor, and every man bitter of soul, and he was Head over them, and there were with him about four hundred men OT Translations JPS Tanakh 1917And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was discontented, gathered themselves unto him; and he became captain over them; and there were with him about four hundred men. Brenton Septuagint Translation And there gathered to him every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was troubled in mind; and he was a leader over them, and there were with him about four hundred men. Additional Translations ... Audio Bible Context David Flees to Adullam and Mizpeh1So David left Gath and took refuge in the cave of Adullam. When his brothers and the rest of his father’s household heard about it, they went down to him there. 2And all who were distressed or indebted or discontented rallied around him, and he became their leader. About four hundred men were with him. 3From there David went to Mizpeh of Moab, where he said to the king of Moab, “Please let my father and mother stay with you until I learn what God will do for me.”… Cross References Judges 11:3 So Jephthah fled from his brothers and settled in the land of Tob, where worthless men gathered around him and traveled with him. 2 Samuel 23:13-17 At harvest time, three of the thirty chief men went down to David at the cave of Adullam, while a company of Philistines was encamped in the Valley of Rephaim. / At that time David was in the stronghold, and the garrison of the Philistines was at Bethlehem. / David longed for water and said, “Oh, that someone would get me a drink of water from the well near the gate of Bethlehem!” ... Matthew 11:28-30 Come to Me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest. / Take My yoke upon you and learn from Me, for I am gentle and humble in heart, and you will find rest for your souls. / For My yoke is easy and My burden is light.” Hebrews 11:32-34 And what more shall I say? Time will not allow me to tell of Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah, David, Samuel, and the prophets, / who through faith conquered kingdoms, administered justice, and gained what was promised; who shut the mouths of lions, / quenched the raging fire, and escaped the edge of the sword; who gained strength from weakness, became mighty in battle, and put foreign armies to flight. Psalm 34:6 This poor man called out, and the LORD heard him; He saved him from all his troubles. Psalm 142:1-7 A Maskil of David, when he was in the cave. A prayer. I cry aloud to the LORD; I lift my voice to the LORD for mercy. / I pour out my complaint before Him; I reveal my trouble to Him. / Although my spirit grows faint within me, You know my way. Along the path I travel they have hidden a snare for me. ... Acts 4:13 When they saw the boldness of Peter and John and realized that they were unschooled, ordinary men, they marveled and took note that these men had been with Jesus. 2 Kings 6:17 Then Elisha prayed, “O LORD, please open his eyes that he may see.” And the LORD opened the eyes of the young man, and he saw that the hills were full of horses and chariots of fire all around Elisha. Matthew 9:36 When He saw the crowds, He was moved with compassion for them, because they were harassed and helpless, like sheep without a shepherd. Luke 15:1-2 Now all the tax collectors and sinners were gathering around to listen to Jesus. / So the Pharisees and scribes began to grumble: “This man welcomes sinners and eats with them.” 1 Corinthians 1:26-29 Brothers, consider the time of your calling: Not many of you were wise by human standards; not many were powerful; not many were of noble birth. / But God chose the foolish things of the world to shame the wise; God chose the weak things of the world to shame the strong. / He chose the lowly and despised things of the world, and the things that are not, to nullify the things that are, ... James 2:5 Listen, my beloved brothers: Has not God chosen the poor of this world to be rich in faith and to inherit the kingdom He promised those who love Him? Isaiah 16:3-4 “Give us counsel; render a decision. Shelter us at noonday with shade as dark as night. Hide the refugees; do not betray the one who flees. / Let my fugitives stay with you; be a refuge for Moab from the destroyer.” When the oppressor has gone, destruction has ceased, and the oppressors have vanished from the land, Ezekiel 22:29-31 The people of the land have practiced extortion and committed robbery. They have oppressed the poor and needy and have exploited the foreign resident without justice. / I searched for a man among them to repair the wall and stand in the gap before Me on behalf of the land, so that I should not destroy it. But I found no one. / So I have poured out My indignation upon them and consumed them with the fire of My fury. I have brought their ways down upon their own heads, declares the Lord GOD.” Romans 15:1 We who are strong ought to bear with the shortcomings of the weak and not to please ourselves. Treasury of Scripture And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was discontented, gathered themselves to him; and he became a captain over them: and there were with him about four hundred men. distress Judges 11:3 Then Jephthah fled from his brethren, and dwelt in the land of Tob: and there were gathered vain men to Jephthah, and went out with him. Matthew 11:12,28 And from the days of John the Baptist until now the kingdom of heaven suffereth violence, and the violent take it by force… was in debt [heb] had a creditor Matthew 18:25-34 But forasmuch as he had not to pay, his lord commanded him to be sold, and his wife, and children, and all that he had, and payment to be made… discontented [heb] bitter of soul 1 Samuel 1:10 And she was in bitterness of soul, and prayed unto the LORD, and wept sore. 1 Samuel 30:6 And David was greatly distressed; for the people spake of stoning him, because the soul of all the people was grieved, every man for his sons and for his daughters: but David encouraged himself in the LORD his God. Judges 18:25 And the children of Dan said unto him, Let not thy voice be heard among us, lest angry fellows run upon thee, and thou lose thy life, with the lives of thy household. a captain 1 Samuel 9:16 To morrow about this time I will send thee a man out of the land of Benjamin, and thou shalt anoint him to be captain over my people Israel, that he may save my people out of the hand of the Philistines: for I have looked upon my people, because their cry is come unto me. 1 Samuel 25:15,16 But the men were very good unto us, and we were not hurt, neither missed we any thing, as long as we were conversant with them, when we were in the fields: … 1 Samuel 30:22-24 Then answered all the wicked men and men of Belial, of those that went with David, and said, Because they went not with us, we will not give them ought of the spoil that we have recovered, save to every man his wife and his children, that they may lead them away, and depart… Jump to Previous Bitter Captain Collected Debt Discontented Distress Embittered Exactor Head Hundred Leader Resorted Round Soul Spirit Themselves Together TroubleJump to Next Bitter Captain Collected Debt Discontented Distress Embittered Exactor Head Hundred Leader Resorted Round Soul Spirit Themselves Together Trouble1 Samuel 22 1. Companies resort unto David at Adullam3. At Mizpeh he commends his parents unto the king of Moab 5. Admonished by Gad, he comes to Hareth, 6. Saul going to pursue him, complains of his servants' unfaithfulness 9. Doeg accuses Ahimelech 11. Saul commands to kill the priests 17. The footmen refusing, Doeg executes it 20. Abiathar escaping, brings David the news And all those who were in distress The Hebrew word for "distress" is "matsowq," which conveys a sense of being in a narrow or tight place, both physically and emotionally. This word paints a vivid picture of the Israelites' plight under King Saul's oppressive rule. Historically, this period was marked by political instability and spiritual decline, leading many to seek refuge with David, who was seen as a beacon of hope and God's anointed future king. This gathering of the distressed around David symbolizes the gathering of the broken-hearted to Christ, who offers rest and relief to those burdened by life's trials. or in debt or discontented gathered around him and he became their commander About four hundred men were with him These persons "in distress" were especially those who were persecuted by Saul and his men for their attachment to David. The several statements of the refugees who took shelter in David's armed camp, of course go over a considerable time. They did not all flock to his standard at once. Some went to him in the first days of his exile, others after the massacre at the sanctuary at Nob, others later, and thus gradually 400 gathered round him. Soon after, these numbers were swelled to 600, and these probably only were the chosen men-at-arms of the little force, which, no doubt, was numerically far greater. And every one that was in debt.--Throughout the whole long story of Israel this unhappy love of greed and gain has been a characteristic feature of the chosen race, ever a prominent and ugly sin. In the Mosaic Law, most stringent regulations were laid down to correct and mitigate this ruling passion of avarice among the Jews. (See such passages as Exodus 22:25; Leviticus 25:36; Deuteronomy 23:19.) The poor, improvident, or perhaps unfortunate, debtor was protected by wise laws against the greedy avaricious spirit of his merciless creditor. These beneficent regulations of the great lawgiver had, under the capricious, faulty rule of King Saul, of course fallen into abeyance, and a terrible amount of misery, no doubt, was the consequence. In the Divine record sad scenes (see 2Kings 4:1-7), exemplifying this pitiless spirit, are casually related, but they are so woven into the mosaic of the history, as to show us they were, alas! no uncommon occurrence in the daily life of the people. In Proverbs, for instance, we have some conspicuous instances. The chronicles of the Middle Ages in all countries teem with similar stories about the chosen people. Our own great dramatist, some three centuries ago, evidently without attempt at exaggeration, selects the avaricious, grasping Jew as the central figure of one of his most famous dramas. In our own time the same spirit, as is too well known, is still abroad, and constitutes the bitterest reproach which the many enemies of the strange, deathless race can promulgate against a people evidently walled in by a Divine protection and a changeless eternal love. And he became a captain over them.--It was evidently no undisciplined band, these outlaws of Adullam and the hold of Moab, of Hareth and Keilah, of Ziph and Engedi. David quickly organised the refugees, among whom, by degrees, many a man of mark and approved valour and ability were numbered. . . . Verse 2. - Everyone that was in distress,... in debt, or discontented (Hebrew, bitter of soul), gathered themselves unto him. Had Saul's government been just and upright David would have had no followers; but he never rose above the level of a soldier, had developed all that arbitrariness which military command fosters in self-willed minds, and seems entirely unaware of its being his duty to attend to the righteous administration of the law. The Israelites had in him the very king they had desired, but they found that a brave general might at home be a ruthless tyrant. Debt was one of the worst evils of ancient times. The rate of usury was so exorbitant that a loan was sure to end in utter ruin, and not only the debtor, but his children might be made slaves to repay the debt (2 Kings 4:1). It was one of the first duties of an upright governor to enforce the Mosaic law against usury (Leviticus 25:36); but all such cares Saul despised, and there were probably many in the land impoverished by Saul's own exactions and favouritism (ver. 7), and made bitter of soul by his cruelty and injustice. All such were glad to join in what seemed to them the banner of revolt. Afterwards at Ziklag David was joined by nobler followers (see on 1 Samuel 27:6). With David we may compare Jephthah's case in the old days of anarchy (Judges 11:3-6), and note that bad government leads to lawlessness just as surely as no government.Parallel Commentaries ... Hebrew And allכָּל־ (kāl-) Noun - masculine singular construct Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every who were distressed מָצ֜וֹק (mā·ṣō·wq) Noun - masculine singular Strong's 4689: A narrow place, confinement, disability [or] וְכָל־ (wə·ḵāl) Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every indebted נֹשֶׁא֙ (nō·še) Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular Strong's 5378: To lend on interest, to dun for, debt or discontented מַר־ (mar-) Adjective - masculine singular construct Strong's 4751: Bitter, bitterness, bitterly rallied וַיִּֽתְקַבְּצ֣וּ (way·yiṯ·qab·bə·ṣū) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hitpael - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural Strong's 6908: To gather, collect around him, אֵ֠לָיו (’ê·lāw) Preposition | third person masculine singular Strong's 413: Near, with, among, to and he became וַיְהִ֥י (way·hî) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular Strong's 1961: To fall out, come to pass, become, be their עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם (‘ă·lê·hem) Preposition | third person masculine plural Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against leader. לְשָׂ֑ר (lə·śār) Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular Strong's 8269: Chieftain, chief, ruler, official, captain, prince About four כְּאַרְבַּ֥ע (kə·’ar·ba‘) Preposition-k | Number - feminine singular Strong's 702: Four hundred מֵא֖וֹת (mê·’ō·wṯ) Number - feminine plural Strong's 3967: A hundred men אִֽישׁ׃ (’îš) Noun - masculine singular Strong's 376: A man as an individual, a male person were וַיִּהְי֣וּ (way·yih·yū) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural Strong's 1961: To fall out, come to pass, become, be with him. עִמּ֔וֹ (‘im·mōw) Preposition | third person masculine singular Strong's 5973: With, equally with Links 1 Samuel 22:2 NIV1 Samuel 22:2 NLT 1 Samuel 22:2 ESV 1 Samuel 22:2 NASB 1 Samuel 22:2 KJV 1 Samuel 22:2 BibleApps.com 1 Samuel 22:2 Biblia Paralela 1 Samuel 22:2 Chinese Bible 1 Samuel 22:2 French Bible 1 Samuel 22:2 Catholic Bible OT History: 1 Samuel 22:2 Everyone who was in distress and everyone (1Sa iSam 1 Sam i sa) |
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