Hebrews 12:21
New International Version
The sight was so terrifying that Moses said, “I am trembling with fear.”

New Living Translation
Moses himself was so frightened at the sight that he said, “I am terrified and trembling.”

English Standard Version
Indeed, so terrifying was the sight that Moses said, “I tremble with fear.”

Berean Standard Bible
The sight was so terrifying that even Moses said, “I am trembling with fear.”

Berean Literal Bible
And the thing appearing was so fearful that Moses said, "I am greatly afraid and trembling."

King James Bible
And so terrible was the sight, that Moses said, I exceedingly fear and quake:)

New King James Version
And so terrifying was the sight that Moses said, “I am exceedingly afraid and trembling.”)

New American Standard Bible
And so terrible was the sight, that Moses said, “I am terrified and trembling.”

NASB 1995
And so terrible was the sight, that Moses said, “I AM FULL OF FEAR and trembling.”

NASB 1977
And so terrible was the sight, that Moses said, “I AM FULL OF FEAR and trembling.”

Legacy Standard Bible
And so terrible was what appeared, that Moses said, “I AM FULL OF FEAR and trembling.”

Amplified Bible
In fact, so terrifying was the sight, that Moses said, “I AM FILLED WITH FEAR and trembling.”

Christian Standard Bible
The appearance was so terrifying that Moses said, I am trembling with fear.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
The appearance was so terrifying that Moses said, I am terrified and trembling.)

American Standard Version
and so fearful was the appearance, that Moses said, I exceedingly fear and quake:

Contemporary English Version
The sight was so frightening that Moses said he shook with fear.

English Revised Version
and so fearful was the appearance, that Moses said, I exceedingly fear and quake:

GOD'S WORD® Translation
The sight was so terrifying that even Moses said he was trembling and afraid.

Good News Translation
The sight was so terrifying that Moses said, "I am trembling and afraid!"

International Standard Version
Indeed, the sight was so terrifying that Moses said, "I am trembling with fear."

Majority Standard Bible
The sight was so terrifying that even Moses said, “I am trembling with fear.”

NET Bible
In fact, the scene was so terrifying that Moses said, "I shudder with fear."

New Heart English Bible
and so fearful was the appearance, that Moses said, "I am terrified and trembling."

Webster's Bible Translation
And so terrible was the sight, that Moses said, I exceedingly fear and tremble:)

Weymouth New Testament
and so terrible was the scene that Moses said, "I tremble with fear."

World English Bible
So fearful was the appearance that Moses said, “I am terrified and trembling.”
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
and (so terrible was the sight), Moses said, “I am exceedingly fearful, and trembling.”

Berean Literal Bible
And the thing appearing was so fearful that Moses said, "I am greatly afraid and trembling."

Young's Literal Translation
and, (so terrible was the sight,) Moses said, 'I am fearful exceedingly, and trembling.'

Smith's Literal Translation
And so dreadful was that being made to appear, Moses said, I am terrified and trembling:)
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And so terrible was that which was seen, Moses said: I am frighted, and tremble.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And what was seen was so terrible that even Moses said: “I am terrified, and so, I tremble.”

New American Bible
Indeed, so fearful was the spectacle that Moses said, “I am terrified and trembling.”

New Revised Standard Version
Indeed, so terrifying was the sight that Moses said, “I tremble with fear.”)
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And so terrible was the sight, that Moses said, I fear and quake.

Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And so terrible was the sight that Moses said, “I am afraid and fainthearted.”
NT Translations
Anderson New Testament
and so terrible was the sight, that even Moses said, I exceedingly fear and tremble.

Godbey New Testament
and the sight was so fearful, Moses said, I exceedingly fear and tremble:

Haweis New Testament
and so terrible was the appearance, that Moses said, I am exceedingly afraid and trembling:

Mace New Testament
and so terrible was the appearance, that Moses cry'd out, "I tremble with the fright."

Weymouth New Testament
and so terrible was the scene that Moses said, "I tremble with fear."

Worrell New Testament
and so terrible was the appearance, Moses said, "I am exceedingly frightened and in fear!"

Worsley New Testament
and so terrible was the appearance that Moses said, I exceedingly fear and tremble:)

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
An Unshakable Kingdom
20For they could not bear what was commanded: “If even an animal touches the mountain, it must be stoned.” 21The sight was so terrifying that even Moses said, “I am trembling with fear.” 22Instead, you have come to Mount Zion, to the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem. You have come to myriads of angels…

Cross References
Exodus 19:16-19
On the third day, when morning came, there was thunder and lightning. A thick cloud was upon the mountain, and a very loud blast of the ram’s horn went out, so that all the people in the camp trembled. / Then Moses brought the people out of the camp to meet with God, and they stood at the foot of the mountain. / Mount Sinai was completely enveloped in smoke, because the LORD had descended on it in fire. And the smoke rose like the smoke of a furnace, and the whole mountain quaked violently. ...

Deuteronomy 9:19
For I was afraid of the anger and wrath that the LORD had directed against you, enough to destroy you. But the LORD listened to me this time as well.

Exodus 20:18-19
When all the people witnessed the thunder and lightning, the sounding of the ram’s horn, and the mountain enveloped in smoke, they trembled and stood at a distance. / “Speak to us yourself and we will listen,” they said to Moses. “But do not let God speak to us, or we will die.”

Deuteronomy 5:23-27
And when you heard the voice out of the darkness while the mountain was blazing with fire, all the heads of your tribes and your elders approached me, / and you said, “Behold, the LORD our God has shown us His glory and greatness, and we have heard His voice out of the fire. Today we have seen that a man can live even if God speaks with him. / But now, why should we die? For this great fire will consume us, and we will die, if we hear the voice of the LORD our God any longer. ...

Acts 7:32
‘I am the God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.’ Moses trembled with fear and did not dare to look.

Exodus 3:6
Then He said, “I am the God of your father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.” At this, Moses hid his face, for he was afraid to look at God.

Exodus 19:12-13
And you are to set up a boundary for the people around the mountain and tell them, ‘Be careful not to go up on the mountain or touch its base. Whoever touches the mountain shall surely be put to death. / No hand shall touch him, but he shall surely be stoned or shot with arrows—whether man or beast, he must not live.’ Only when the ram’s horn sounds a long blast may they approach the mountain.”

Exodus 24:17
And the sight of the glory of the LORD was like a consuming fire on the mountaintop in the eyes of the Israelites.

2 Corinthians 3:7
Now if the ministry of death, which was engraved in letters on stone, came with such glory that the Israelites could not gaze at the face of Moses because of its fleeting glory,

Exodus 19:9
The LORD said to Moses, “Behold, I will come to you in a dense cloud, so that the people will hear when I speak with you, and they will always put their trust in you.” And Moses relayed to the LORD what the people had said.

Exodus 19:21-22
and the LORD said to him, “Go down and warn the people not to break through to see the LORD, lest many of them perish. / Even the priests who approach the LORD must consecrate themselves, or the LORD will break out against them.”

Exodus 20:21
And the people stood at a distance as Moses approached the thick darkness where God was.

Exodus 34:30
Aaron and all the Israelites looked at Moses, and behold, his face was radiant. And they were afraid to approach him.

1 Timothy 6:16
He alone is immortal and dwells in unapproachable light. No one has ever seen Him, nor can anyone see Him. To Him be honor and eternal dominion! Amen.

Exodus 19:24
And the LORD replied, “Go down and bring Aaron with you. But the priests and the people must not break through to come up to the LORD, or He will break out against them.”


Treasury of Scripture

And so terrible was the sight, that Moses said, I exceedingly fear and quake:)

Moses.

Exodus 19:16,19
And it came to pass on the third day in the morning, that there were thunders and lightnings, and a thick cloud upon the mount, and the voice of the trumpet exceeding loud; so that all the people that was in the camp trembled…

Psalm 119:120
My flesh trembleth for fear of thee; and I am afraid of thy judgments.

Isaiah 6:3-5
And one cried unto another, and said, Holy, holy, holy, is the LORD of hosts: the whole earth is full of his glory…

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Afraid Appearance Exceedingly Fear Fearful Full Indeed Moses Overpowering Quake Scene Shaking Sight Terrible Terrified Terrifying Tremble Trembling Vision
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Afraid Appearance Exceedingly Fear Fearful Full Indeed Moses Overpowering Quake Scene Shaking Sight Terrible Terrified Terrifying Tremble Trembling Vision
Hebrews 12
1. An exhortation to constant faith, patience, and godliness by Christ's example
22. A commendation of the new covenant.














The sight was so terrifying
This phrase refers to the awe-inspiring and fear-inducing manifestation of God's presence at Mount Sinai, as described in Exodus 19. The Greek word for "terrifying" is "phoberos," which conveys a sense of fear mixed with reverence. This event was marked by thunder, lightning, and a thick cloud, symbolizing God's holiness and power. The Israelites were instructed to consecrate themselves and not to approach the mountain, highlighting the separation between a holy God and sinful humanity. This serves as a reminder of the gravity and seriousness of approaching God, emphasizing His majesty and the reverence due to Him.

that even Moses said
Moses, the leader and prophet of Israel, is depicted here as experiencing fear, which underscores the magnitude of the event. Moses is often seen as a mediator between God and the people, and his reaction indicates the overwhelming nature of God's presence. The use of "even" suggests that if someone as close to God as Moses was afraid, the event was indeed extraordinary. This highlights the humanity of Moses and the universal need for reverence before God, regardless of one's spiritual status.

'I am trembling with fear.'
The phrase "trembling with fear" translates the Greek "ekphobos eimi," which conveys an intense, visceral reaction. This expression of fear is not merely emotional but physical, indicating the profound impact of encountering the divine. In the context of Hebrews, this serves as a warning to the readers about the seriousness of turning away from God, who is both loving and just. The trembling of Moses can be seen as a metaphor for the appropriate response to God's holiness—a mixture of fear, awe, and respect. It calls believers to approach God with humility and reverence, recognizing His power and authority.

(21) And so terrible was the sight that. . . .--Better, And (so fearful was the appearance) Moses said, I exceedingly fear and tremble. Deuteronomy 9:19, as it stands in the Greek translation, contains these words in part ("I exceedingly fear"); there, however, they belong to a later time, when Moses was "afraid of the anger and hot displeasure" of the Lord against the worshippers of the golden calf (Exodus 32). Various Jewish traditions speak of the terror of Moses as upon Mount Sinai he beheld the wonders of the heavenly world (see Hebrews 2:2); but no saying that has been preserved throws additional light on the words before us.



Parallel Commentaries ...


Greek
The
τὸ (to)
Article - Nominative Neuter Singular
Strong's 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

sight
φανταζόμενον (phantazomenon)
Verb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Neuter Singular
Strong's 5324: To cause to appear, make visible. From a derivative of phaino; to make apparent, i.e. to appear.

was
ἦν (ēn)
Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 1510: I am, exist. The first person singular present indicative; a prolonged form of a primary and defective verb; I exist.

so
οὕτω (houtō)
Adverb
Strong's 3779: Thus, so, in this manner. Or (referring to what precedes or follows).

terrifying
φοβερὸν (phoberon)
Adjective - Nominative Neuter Singular
Strong's 5398: Fearful, dreadful, terrible. From phobos; frightful, i.e. formidable.

[that] even
καί (kai)
Conjunction
Strong's 2532: And, even, also, namely.

Moses
Μωϋσῆς (Mōusēs)
Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 3475: Or Moses, or Mouses of Hebrew origin; Moseus, Moses, or Mouses, the Hebrew lawgiver.

said,
εἶπεν (eipen)
Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 2036: Answer, bid, bring word, command. A primary verb; to speak or say.

“I am
εἰμι (eimi)
Verb - Present Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular
Strong's 1510: I am, exist. The first person singular present indicative; a prolonged form of a primary and defective verb; I exist.

trembling
ἔντρομος (entromos)
Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 1790: Trembling with fear, terrified. From en and tromos; terrified.

with fear.”
Ἔκφοβός (Ekphobos)
Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 1630: Greatly terrified, horrified. From ek and phobos; frightened out of one's wits: sore afraid, exceedingly fear.


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NT Letters: Hebrews 12:21 And so fearful was the appearance that (Heb. He. Hb)
Hebrews 12:20
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