Exodus 20:21
New International Version
The people remained at a distance, while Moses approached the thick darkness where God was.

New Living Translation
As the people stood in the distance, Moses approached the dark cloud where God was.

English Standard Version
The people stood far off, while Moses drew near to the thick darkness where God was.

Berean Standard Bible
And the people stood at a distance as Moses approached the thick darkness where God was.

King James Bible
And the people stood afar off, and Moses drew near unto the thick darkness where God was.

New King James Version
So the people stood afar off, but Moses drew near the thick darkness where God was.

New American Standard Bible
So the people stood at a distance, while Moses approached the thick darkness where God was.

NASB 1995
So the people stood at a distance, while Moses approached the thick cloud where God was.

NASB 1977
So the people stood at a distance, while Moses approached the thick cloud where God was.

Legacy Standard Bible
So the people stood at a distance, but Moses came near the dense gloom where God was.

Amplified Bible
So the people stood at a [safe] distance, but Moses approached the thick cloud where God was.

Christian Standard Bible
And the people remained standing at a distance as Moses approached the total darkness where God was.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
And the people remained standing at a distance as Moses approached the thick darkness where God was.

American Standard Version
And the people stood afar off, and Moses drew near unto the thick darkness where God was.

Contemporary English Version
But when Moses went near the thick cloud where God was, the people stayed a long way off.

English Revised Version
And the people stood afar off, and Moses drew near unto the thick darkness where God was.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
The people kept their distance while Moses went closer to the dark cloud where God was.

Good News Translation
But the people continued to stand a long way off, and only Moses went near the dark cloud where God was.

International Standard Version
Then the people stood at a distance, and Moses approached the thick cloud where God was.

Majority Standard Bible
And the people stood at a distance as Moses approached the thick darkness where God was.

NET Bible
The people kept their distance, but Moses drew near the thick darkness where God was.

New Heart English Bible
The people stayed at a distance, and Moses drew near to the thick darkness where God was.

Webster's Bible Translation
And the people stood afar off, and Moses drew near to the thick darkness where God was.

World English Bible
The people stayed at a distance, and Moses came near to the thick darkness where God was.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And the people stand far off, and Moses has drawn near to the thick darkness where God [is].

Young's Literal Translation
And the people stand afar off, and Moses hath drawn nigh unto the thick darkness where God is.

Smith's Literal Translation
And the people will stand from far off, and Moses will draw near to the darkness where God is there.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And the people stood afar off. But Moses went to the dark cloud wherein God was.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And the people stood far away. But Moses approached toward the mist, in which was God.

New American Bible
So the people remained at a distance, while Moses approached the dark cloud where God was.

New Revised Standard Version
Then the people stood at a distance, while Moses drew near to the thick darkness where God was.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And the people stood afar off, and Moses drew near to the thick darkness where God was.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And the people stood at a distance and Moshe came to the thick darkness of the place of God.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And the people stood afar off; but Moses drew near unto the thick darkness where God was.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And the people stood afar off, and Moses went into the darkness where God was.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Moses Comforts the People
20“Do not be afraid,” Moses replied. “For God has come to test you, so that the fear of Him may be before you, to keep you from sinning.” 21And the people stood at a distance as Moses approached the thick darkness where God was.

Cross References
Deuteronomy 5:5
At that time I was standing between the LORD and you to declare to you the word of the LORD, because you were afraid of the fire and would not go up the mountain. And He said:

Hebrews 12:18-21
For you have not come to a mountain that can be touched and that is burning with fire; to darkness, gloom, and storm; / to a trumpet blast or to a voice that made its hearers beg that no further word be spoken. / For they could not bear what was commanded: “If even an animal touches the mountain, it must be stoned.” ...

Exodus 24:2
Moses alone shall approach the LORD, but the others must not come near. And the people may not go up with him.”

Exodus 33:9-11
As Moses entered the tent, the pillar of cloud would come down and remain at the entrance, and the LORD would speak with Moses. / When all the people saw the pillar of cloud standing at the entrance to the tent, they would stand up and worship, each one at the entrance to his own tent. / Thus the LORD would speak to Moses face to face, as a man speaks to his friend. Then Moses would return to the camp, but his young assistant Joshua son of Nun would not leave the tent.

1 Kings 8:12
Then Solomon declared: “The LORD has said that He would dwell in the thick cloud.

2 Chronicles 6:1
Then Solomon declared: “The LORD has said that He would dwell in the thick cloud.

Leviticus 16:2
And the LORD said to Moses: “Tell your brother Aaron not to enter freely into the Most Holy Place behind the veil in front of the mercy seat on the ark, or else he will die, because I appear in the cloud above the mercy seat.

Numbers 12:5
and the LORD came down in a pillar of cloud, stood at the entrance to the Tent, and summoned Aaron and Miriam. When both of them had stepped forward,

Psalm 97:2
Clouds and darkness surround Him; righteousness and justice are His throne’s foundation.

Psalm 18:11
He made darkness His hiding place, and storm clouds a canopy around Him.

1 Timothy 6:16
He alone is immortal and dwells in unapproachable light. No one has ever seen Him, nor can anyone see Him. To Him be honor and eternal dominion! Amen.

1 John 1:5
And this is the message we have heard from Him and announce to you: God is light, and in Him there is no darkness at all.

Matthew 17:5
While Peter was still speaking, a bright cloud enveloped them, and a voice from the cloud said, “This is My beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased. Listen to Him!”

Mark 9:7
Then a cloud appeared and enveloped them, and a voice came from the cloud: “This is My beloved Son. Listen to Him!”

Luke 9:34-35
While Peter was speaking, a cloud appeared and enveloped them, and they were afraid as they entered the cloud. / And a voice came from the cloud, saying, “This is My Son, whom I have chosen. Listen to Him!”


Treasury of Scripture

And the people stood afar off, and Moses drew near to the thick darkness where God was.

the people

Exodus 19:16,17
And it came to pass on the third day in the morning, that there were thunders and lightnings, and a thick cloud upon the mount, and the voice of the trumpet exceeding loud; so that all the people that was in the camp trembled…

Deuteronomy 5:5
(I stood between the LORD and you at that time, to shew you the word of the LORD: for ye were afraid by reason of the fire, and went not up into the mount;) saying,

thick

1 Kings 8:12
Then spake Solomon, The LORD said that he would dwell in the thick darkness.

2 Chronicles 6:1
Then said Solomon, The LORD hath said that he would dwell in the thick darkness.

Psalm 18:9,12
He bowed the heavens also, and came down: and darkness was under his feet…

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Exodus 20
1. The ten commandments are spoken by Jehovah
18. The people are afraid, but Moses comforts them
21. Idolatry is forbidden
23. Of what sort the altar should be














And the people stood at a distance
This phrase captures the awe and reverence the Israelites felt in the presence of God's holiness. The Hebrew word for "stood" (עָמַד, 'amad) implies a firm, deliberate stance, indicating the people's conscious decision to remain at a safe distance. This reflects a common biblical theme where humanity recognizes its own unworthiness in the face of divine majesty. Historically, this moment follows the giving of the Ten Commandments, a pivotal event that underscores the covenant relationship between God and Israel. The people's distance signifies both respect and fear, acknowledging God's transcendence and the seriousness of His law.

as Moses approached
Moses, as the mediator between God and the Israelites, plays a crucial role in this narrative. The Hebrew root for "approached" (נָגַשׁ, nagash) suggests drawing near with purpose and intent. Moses' willingness to enter the divine presence highlights his unique relationship with God and his role as a leader and intercessor. This act of approaching God is emblematic of the faith and courage required to stand in the gap for others, a theme that resonates throughout Scripture. Moses' approach is not just physical but also spiritual, symbolizing his deep commitment to God's mission.

the thick darkness
The "thick darkness" (עֲרָפֶל, 'araphel) is a profound image that conveys both mystery and majesty. In the ancient Near Eastern context, darkness often symbolized the unknown and the divine. Here, it represents the impenetrable nature of God's presence, which is both awe-inspiring and fearsome. This darkness is not the absence of God but rather the fullness of His presence, a paradox that invites deeper reflection on the nature of divine revelation. Theologically, it suggests that God's ways are beyond human comprehension, yet He chooses to reveal Himself in ways that draw us into deeper relationship.

where God was
This phrase affirms the reality of God's presence in the midst of His people, even when shrouded in mystery. The Hebrew word for "God" (אֱלֹהִים, Elohim) is a plural form that denotes majesty and power, emphasizing His sovereignty and authority. The location of God in the "thick darkness" challenges the Israelites—and us—to trust in His presence even when it is not fully understood or visible. This moment foreshadows the ultimate revelation of God in Jesus Christ, who bridges the gap between the divine and human, bringing light into the darkness. The assurance of God's presence, even in obscurity, is a source of hope and strength for believers, encouraging us to draw near in faith.

Verse 21. - The people stood afar off. They retired from the base of Sinai to their tents, where they "stood," probably in their tent doors. And Moses drew near unto the thick darkness. As the people drew back, Moses drew near. The display which drove them off, attracted him. He did not even fear the "thick darkness" - a thing front which human nature commonly shrinks. Where God was, he would be.

CHAPTER 20:22-26

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
And the people
הָעָ֖ם (hā·‘ām)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 5971: A people, a tribe, troops, attendants, a flock

stood
וַיַּעֲמֹ֥ד (way·ya·‘ă·mōḏ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 5975: To stand, in various relations

at a distance
מֵרָחֹ֑ק (mê·rā·ḥōq)
Preposition-m | Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 7350: Remote, of place, time, precious

as Moses
וּמֹשֶׁה֙ (ū·mō·šeh)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 4872: Moses -- a great Israelite leader, prophet and lawgiver

approached
נִגַּ֣שׁ (nig·gaš)
Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 5066: To draw near, approach

the thick darkness
הָֽעֲרָפֶ֔ל (hā·‘ă·rā·p̄el)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 6205: Cloud, heavy cloud

where
אֲשֶׁר־ (’ă·šer-)
Pronoun - relative
Strong's 834: Who, which, what, that, when, where, how, because, in order that

God was.
הָאֱלֹהִֽים׃ (hā·’ĕ·lō·hîm)
Article | Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 430: gods -- the supreme God, magistrates, a superlative


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OT Law: Exodus 20:21 The people stayed at a distance (Exo. Ex)
Exodus 20:20
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