Deuteronomy 4:11
New International Version
You came near and stood at the foot of the mountain while it blazed with fire to the very heavens, with black clouds and deep darkness.

New Living Translation
“You came near and stood at the foot of the mountain, while flames from the mountain shot into the sky. The mountain was shrouded in black clouds and deep darkness.

English Standard Version
And you came near and stood at the foot of the mountain, while the mountain burned with fire to the heart of heaven, wrapped in darkness, cloud, and gloom.

Berean Standard Bible
You came near and stood at the base of the mountain, a mountain blazing with fire to the heavens, with black clouds and deep darkness.

King James Bible
And ye came near and stood under the mountain; and the mountain burned with fire unto the midst of heaven, with darkness, clouds, and thick darkness.

New King James Version
“Then you came near and stood at the foot of the mountain, and the mountain burned with fire to the midst of heaven, with darkness, cloud, and thick darkness.

New American Standard Bible
You came forward and stood at the foot of the mountain, and the mountain was burning with fire to the heart of the heavens: darkness, cloud, and thick gloom.

NASB 1995
“You came near and stood at the foot of the mountain, and the mountain burned with fire to the very heart of the heavens: darkness, cloud and thick gloom.

NASB 1977
“And you came near and stood at the foot of the mountain, and the mountain burned with fire to the very heart of the heavens: darkness, cloud and thick gloom.

Legacy Standard Bible
And you came near and stood at the foot of the mountain, and the mountain burned with fire to the very heart of the heavens: darkness, cloud, and dense gloom.

Amplified Bible
You approached and stood at the foot of the mountain, and the mountain burned with fire to the [very] heart of the heavens: darkness, cloud and thick gloom.

Christian Standard Bible
You came near and stood at the base of the mountain, a mountain blazing with fire into the heavens and enveloped in a totally black cloud.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
You came near and stood at the base of the mountain, a mountain blazing with fire into the heavens and enveloped in a dense, black cloud.

American Standard Version
And ye came near and stood under the mountain; and the mountain burned with fire unto the heart of heaven, with darkness, cloud, and thick darkness.

Contemporary English Version
Mount Sinai was surrounded by deep dark clouds, and fire went up to the sky. You came to the foot of the mountain,

English Revised Version
And ye came near and stood under the mountain; and the mountain burned with fire unto the heart of heaven, with darkness, cloud, and thick darkness.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
So you came and stood at the foot of the mountain, which was on fire with flames shooting into the sky. It was dark, cloudy, and gloomy.

Good News Translation
"Tell your children how you went and stood at the foot of the mountain which was covered with thick clouds of dark smoke and fire blazing up to the sky.

International Standard Version
"When you approached and stood at the foot of the mountain—a mountain that was blazing with fire at its core while the sky was covered with thick, dark clouds—

Majority Standard Bible
You came near and stood at the base of the mountain, a mountain blazing with fire to the heavens, with black clouds and deep darkness.

NET Bible
You approached and stood at the foot of the mountain, a mountain ablaze to the sky above it and yet dark with a thick cloud.

New Heart English Bible
You came near and stood under the mountain; and the mountain burned with fire to the heart of the sky, with darkness, cloud, and thick darkness.

Webster's Bible Translation
And ye came near and stood under the mountain; and the mountain burned with fire to the midst of heaven, with darkness, clouds, and thick darkness.

World English Bible
You came near and stood under the mountain. The mountain burned with fire to the heart of the sky, with darkness, cloud, and thick darkness.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
and you draw near and stand under the mountain, and the mountain is burning with fire to the heart of the heavens, [with] darkness, cloud, and thick darkness,

Young's Literal Translation
and ye draw near and stand under the mountain, and the mountain is burning with fire unto the heart of the heavens -- darkness, cloud, yea, thick darkness:

Smith's Literal Translation
And ye shall come near and shall stand under the mountain; and the mountain burnt with fire even to the heart of the heavens, darkness, cloud, and gloom.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And you came to the foot of the mount, which burned even unto heaven: and there was darkness, and a cloud and obscurity in it.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And you approached the base of the mountain, which was burning even toward heaven. And there was a darkness upon it, and a cloud, and a mist.

New American Bible
You came near and stood at the foot of the mountain, while the mountain blazed to the heart of the heavens with fire and was enveloped in a dense black cloud.

New Revised Standard Version
you approached and stood at the foot of the mountain while the mountain was blazing up to the very heavens, shrouded in dark clouds.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And you came near and stood at the foot of the mountain; and the mountain burned with fire to the midst of heaven, with darkness, clouds, and thick darkness.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And you came near and you stood on the outskirts of the mountain, and the mountain was set ablaze in fire unto the heart of Heaven, and there was darkness and cloud and thick darkness.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And ye came near and stood under the mountain; and the mountain burned with fire unto the heart of heaven, with darkness, cloud, and thick darkness.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And ye drew nigh and stood under the mountain; and the mountain burned with fire up to heaven: there was darkness, blackness, and tempest.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
An Exhortation to Obedience
10The day you stood before the LORD your God at Horeb, the LORD said to me, “Gather the people before Me to hear My words, so that they may learn to fear Me all the days they live on the earth, and that they may teach them to their children.” 11You came near and stood at the base of the mountain, a mountain blazing with fire to the heavens, with black clouds and deep darkness. 12And the LORD spoke to you out of the fire. You heard the sound of the words, but saw no form; there was only a voice.…

Cross References
Exodus 19:18
Mount Sinai was completely enveloped in smoke, because the LORD had descended on it in fire. And the smoke rose like the smoke of a furnace, and the whole mountain quaked violently.

Exodus 20:18
When all the people witnessed the thunder and lightning, the sounding of the ram’s horn, and the mountain enveloped in smoke, they trembled and stood at a distance.

Hebrews 12:18-21
For you have not come to a mountain that can be touched and that is burning with fire; to darkness, gloom, and storm; / to a trumpet blast or to a voice that made its hearers beg that no further word be spoken. / For they could not bear what was commanded: “If even an animal touches the mountain, it must be stoned.” ...

Exodus 24:17
And the sight of the glory of the LORD was like a consuming fire on the mountaintop in the eyes of the Israelites.

1 Kings 8:12
Then Solomon declared: “The LORD has said that He would dwell in the thick cloud.

Psalm 97:2-5
Clouds and darkness surround Him; righteousness and justice are His throne’s foundation. / Fire goes before Him and consumes His foes on every side. / His lightning illuminates the world; the earth sees and trembles. ...

Exodus 19:16
On the third day, when morning came, there was thunder and lightning. A thick cloud was upon the mountain, and a very loud blast of the ram’s horn went out, so that all the people in the camp trembled.

Exodus 19:9
The LORD said to Moses, “Behold, I will come to you in a dense cloud, so that the people will hear when I speak with you, and they will always put their trust in you.” And Moses relayed to the LORD what the people had said.

Exodus 24:15-16
When Moses went up on the mountain, the cloud covered it, / and the glory of the LORD settled on Mount Sinai. For six days the cloud covered it, and on the seventh day the LORD called to Moses from within the cloud.

2 Chronicles 6:1
Then Solomon declared: “The LORD has said that He would dwell in the thick cloud.

Psalm 18:9
He parted the heavens and came down with dark clouds beneath His feet.

Psalm 104:32
He looks on the earth, and it trembles; He touches the mountains, and they smolder.

Revelation 15:8
And the temple was filled with smoke from the glory of God and from His power; and no one could enter the temple until the seven plagues of the seven angels were completed.

Revelation 11:19
Then the temple of God in heaven was opened, and the ark of His covenant appeared in His temple. And there were flashes of lightning, rumblings, peals of thunder, an earthquake, and a great hailstorm.

Revelation 4:5
From the throne came flashes of lightning, rumblings, and peals of thunder. Before the throne burned seven torches of fire. These are the seven spirits of God.


Treasury of Scripture

And you came near and stood under the mountain; and the mountain burned with fire to the middle of heaven, with darkness, clouds, and thick darkness.

stood

Deuteronomy 5:23
And it came to pass, when ye heard the voice out of the midst of the darkness, (for the mountain did burn with fire,) that ye came near unto me, even all the heads of your tribes, and your elders;

Exodus 19:16-18
And it came to pass on the third day in the morning, that there were thunders and lightnings, and a thick cloud upon the mount, and the voice of the trumpet exceeding loud; so that all the people that was in the camp trembled…

Exodus 20:18,19
And all the people saw the thunderings, and the lightnings, and the noise of the trumpet, and the mountain smoking: and when the people saw it, they removed, and stood afar off…

midst [heb] heart

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Black Blazed Burned Burning Cloud Clouds Darkness Draw Heart Heaven Heavens Midst Mountain Obscurity Sky Stand Stood Thick Waiting Wrapped
Deuteronomy 4
1. An exhortation to obedience
41. Moses appoints the three cities of refuge on that side of Jordan
44. Recapitulation














You came near
This phrase signifies the approach of the Israelites to a significant moment of divine encounter. In the Hebrew context, "came near" (קָרַב, qarab) often implies drawing close to something sacred or holy. This approach is not merely physical but also spiritual, as the Israelites prepare to receive God's law. It reflects a willingness to engage with the divine, a theme that resonates throughout the Bible as God invites His people to draw near to Him.

stood at the base of the mountain
The Israelites' position at the base of the mountain is symbolic of their humility and readiness to receive God's commandments. In ancient Near Eastern cultures, mountains were often seen as places where heaven and earth meet, making them fitting locations for divine revelation. The base of the mountain represents a place of reverence and awe, where the people recognize their position before a holy God.

a mountain blazing with fire
The imagery of a mountain "blazing with fire" is powerful and evocative. Fire in the Bible often symbolizes God's presence, purity, and judgment. The Hebrew word for fire (אֵשׁ, esh) conveys both the consuming and purifying aspects of God's nature. This blazing fire signifies the intensity and holiness of God's presence, which is both awe-inspiring and fearsome.

to the heavens
The phrase "to the heavens" emphasizes the grandeur and majesty of the scene. It suggests that the fire was not just a local phenomenon but one that reached up to the sky, symbolizing the connection between God and His creation. This vertical imagery reinforces the idea of God's transcendence and the divine origin of the law being given.

with black clouds and deep darkness
The presence of "black clouds and deep darkness" adds to the dramatic and solemn atmosphere of the event. In Hebrew, "darkness" (חֹשֶׁךְ, choshek) often represents mystery and the unknown, but it can also signify God's hiddenness and the depth of His wisdom. The clouds and darkness serve as a veil, indicating that while God reveals Himself, there is still an element of mystery and reverence that must be maintained. This imagery reminds the Israelites of the seriousness of the covenant they are entering into and the holiness of the God they serve.

(11) Darkness, clouds, and thick darkness.--The "blackness, and darkness, and tempest" of Hebrews 12:18.

Verse 11. - The mountain burned with fire unto the midst [unto the heart] of heaven; i.e. up to the Very skies; a rhetorical description of the mighty pillar of fire that blazed on Sinai, and betokened the presence of him whose symbol is fire. With darkness, clouds [cloud], and thick darkness; underneath the fire was a cloud of deep darkness, out of which it blazed, the "thick cloud" of Exodus 19:9, 16, and the "smoke" out of which the lightnings flashed, and over which the glory of the Lord, like devouring fire, rested on the top of the mountain (Exodus 19:18; Exodus 20:18; Exodus 24:16, 17).

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
You came near
וַתִּקְרְב֥וּן (wat·tiq·rə·ḇūn)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - second person masculine plural | Paragogic nun
Strong's 7126: To come near, approach

and stood
וַתַּֽעַמְד֖וּן (wat·ta·‘am·ḏūn)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - second person masculine plural | Paragogic nun
Strong's 5975: To stand, in various relations

at the foot
תַּ֣חַת (ta·ḥaṯ)
Preposition
Strong's 8478: The bottom, below, in lieu of

of the mountain,
הָהָ֑ר (hā·hār)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 2022: Mountain, hill, hill country

a mountain
וְהָהָ֞ר (wə·hā·hār)
Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 2022: Mountain, hill, hill country

blazing
בֹּעֵ֤ר (bō·‘êr)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 1197: To kindle, consume, to be, brutish

with fire
בָּאֵשׁ֙ (bā·’êš)
Preposition-b, Article | Noun - common singular
Strong's 784: A fire

to
עַד־ (‘aḏ-)
Preposition
Strong's 5704: As far as, even to, up to, until, while

the heavens,
הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם (haš·šā·ma·yim)
Article | Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 8064: Heaven, sky

with black clouds
עָנָ֥ן (‘ā·nān)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 6051: A cloud, the nimbus, thunder-cloud

and deep
וַעֲרָפֶֽל׃ (wa·‘ă·rā·p̄el)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 6205: Cloud, heavy cloud

darkness.
חֹ֖שֶׁךְ (ḥō·šeḵ)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 2822: The dark, darkness, misery, destruction, death, ignorance, sorrow, wickedness


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OT Law: Deuteronomy 4:11 You came near and stood under (Deut. De Du)
Deuteronomy 4:10
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