Deuteronomy 14:12
New International Version
But these you may not eat: the eagle, the vulture, the black vulture,

New Living Translation
These are the birds you may not eat: the griffon vulture, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,

English Standard Version
But these are the ones that you shall not eat: the eagle, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,

Berean Standard Bible
but these you may not eat: the eagle, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,

King James Bible
But these are they of which ye shall not eat: the eagle, and the ossifrage, and the ospray,

New King James Version
But these you shall not eat: the eagle, the vulture, the buzzard,

New American Standard Bible
But these are the ones that you shall not eat: the eagle and the vulture and the buzzard,

NASB 1995
“But these are the ones which you shall not eat: the eagle and the vulture and the buzzard,

NASB 1977
“But these are the ones which you shall not eat: the eagle and the vulture and the buzzard,

Legacy Standard Bible
But these are the ones which you shall not eat: the eagle and the vulture and the buzzard,

Amplified Bible
But these are the ones which you shall not eat: the eagle, the vulture, and the black buzzard,

Christian Standard Bible
but these are the ones you may not eat: eagles, bearded vultures, black vultures,

Holman Christian Standard Bible
but these are the ones you may not eat: the eagle, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,

American Standard Version
But these are they of which ye shall not eat: the eagle, and the gier-eagle, and the ospray,

English Revised Version
But these are they of which ye shall not eat: the eagle, and the gier eagle, and the ospray;

GOD'S WORD® Translation
But here are the birds that you should never eat: eagles, bearded vultures, black vultures,

International Standard Version
But you must not eat from any of these: the eagle, vulture, osprey,

Majority Standard Bible
but these you may not eat: the eagle, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,

NET Bible
These are the ones you may not eat: the eagle, the vulture, the black vulture,

New Heart English Bible
But these are they of which you shall not eat: the eagle, and the vulture, and the osprey,

Webster's Bible Translation
But these are they of which ye shall not eat: the eagle, and the ossifrage, and the ospray,

World English Bible
But these are they of which you shall not eat: the eagle, the vulture, the osprey,
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
and these [are] they of which you do not eat: the eagle, and the bearded vulture, and the osprey,

Young's Literal Translation
and these are they of which ye do not eat: the eagle, and the ossifrage, and the ospray,

Smith's Literal Translation
And this which ye shall not eat from them: the eagle, and the ossifrage, and the sea eagle,
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
The unclean eat not: to wit, the eagle, and the grype, and the osprey,

Catholic Public Domain Version
You shall not eat those that are unclean: such as the eagle, and the griffin, and the osprey,

New American Bible
But you shall not eat any of the following: the griffon vulture, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,

New Revised Standard Version
But these are the ones that you shall not eat: the eagle, the vulture, the osprey,
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
But these are the ones of which you shall not eat: the eagle, the vulture, and the raven after its kind,

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And these you will not eat of them: the eagle and the vulture,
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
But these are they of which ye shall not eat: the great vulture, and the bearded vulture, and the ospray;

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And these of them ye shall not eat; the eagle, and the ossifrage, and the sea-eagle,

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Clean and Unclean Animals
11You may eat any clean bird, 12but these you may not eat: the eagle, the bearded vulture, the black vulture, 13the red kite, the falcon, any kind of kite,…

Cross References
Leviticus 11:13-19
Additionally, you are to detest the following birds, and they must not be eaten because they are detestable: the eagle, the bearded vulture, the black vulture, / the kite, any kind of falcon, / any kind of raven, ...

Acts 10:12-15
It contained all kinds of four-footed animals and reptiles of the earth, as well as birds of the air. / Then a voice said to him: “Get up, Peter, kill and eat!” / “No, Lord!” Peter answered. “I have never eaten anything impure or unclean.” ...

Genesis 7:2-3
You are to take with you seven pairs of every kind of clean animal, a male and its mate; a pair of every kind of unclean animal, a male and its mate; / and seven pairs of every kind of bird of the air, male and female, to preserve their offspring on the face of all the earth.

Matthew 23:37
O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, who kills the prophets and stones those sent to her, how often I have longed to gather your children together, as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings, but you were unwilling!

Isaiah 40:31
But those who wait upon the LORD will renew their strength; they will mount up with wings like eagles; they will run and not grow weary, they will walk and not faint.

Ezekiel 17:3-4
and tell them that this is what the Lord GOD says: ‘A great eagle with great wings and long pinions, full of feathers of many colors, came to Lebanon and took away the top of the cedar. / He plucked off its topmost shoot, carried it to the land of merchants, and planted it in a city of traders.

Job 39:27-30
Does the eagle soar at your command and make his nest on high? / He dwells on a cliff and lodges there; his stronghold is on a rocky crag. / From there he spies out food; his eyes see it from afar. ...

Luke 12:24
Consider the ravens: They do not sow or reap, they have no storehouse or barn; yet God feeds them. How much more valuable you are than the birds!

1 Kings 17:4-6
And you are to drink from the brook, and I have commanded the ravens to feed you there.” / So Elijah did what the LORD had told him, and he went and lived by the Brook of Cherith, east of the Jordan. / The ravens would bring him bread and meat in the morning and evening, and he would drink from the brook.

Psalm 103:5
who satisfies you with good things, so that your youth is renewed like the eagle’s.

Hosea 8:1
Put the ram’s horn to your lips! An eagle looms over the house of the LORD, because the people have transgressed My covenant and rebelled against My law.

Revelation 19:17-18
Then I saw an angel standing in the sun, and he cried out in a loud voice to all the birds flying overhead, “Come, gather together for the great supper of God, / so that you may eat the flesh of kings and commanders and mighty men, of horses and riders, of everyone slave and free, small and great.”

Jeremiah 4:13
Behold, he advances like the clouds, his chariots like the whirlwind. His horses are swifter than eagles. Woe to us, for we are ruined!

Proverbs 30:17
As for the eye that mocks a father and scorns obedience to a mother, may the ravens of the valley pluck it out and young vultures devour it.

Isaiah 46:11
I summon a bird of prey from the east, a man for My purpose from a far-off land. Truly I have spoken, and truly I will bring it to pass. I have planned it, and I will surely do it.


Treasury of Scripture

But these are they of which you shall not eat: the eagle, and the ossifrage, and the ospray,

Leviticus 11:13-19
And these are they which ye shall have in abomination among the fowls; they shall not be eaten, they are an abomination: the eagle, and the ossifrage, and the ospray, …

Jump to Previous
Bearded Birds Black Buzzard Eagle Eat Ones Ospray Osprey Ossifrage Sea-Eagle Vulture
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Bearded Birds Black Buzzard Eagle Eat Ones Ospray Osprey Ossifrage Sea-Eagle Vulture
Deuteronomy 14
1. God's children are not to disfigure themselves in mourning
3. What may and may not be eaten
4. of animals
9. of fishes
11. of fowls
21. That which dies of itself may not be eaten
22. Tithes of Divine Service
23. Tithes and firstborns to be eaten before the Lord
28. The third year's tithe of alms and charity














but these you may not eat:
This phrase introduces a list of birds that are considered unclean according to the dietary laws given to the Israelites. These laws are part of the broader Mosaic Law, which was intended to set the Israelites apart as a holy people. The dietary restrictions can be seen as a means of promoting health, hygiene, and spiritual discipline. The distinction between clean and unclean animals is also found in Leviticus 11, emphasizing the importance of obedience to God's commands.

the eagle,
The eagle is a powerful bird of prey, often symbolizing strength and swiftness in the Bible. In the ancient Near East, eagles were associated with royalty and divinity, but here they are deemed unclean. This prohibition may be due to the eagle's diet, which includes carrion, making it unsuitable for consumption according to the purity laws. Eagles are mentioned in other scriptures, such as Isaiah 40:31, where they symbolize renewal and strength for those who trust in the Lord.

the bearded vulture,
The bearded vulture, also known as the lammergeier, is a large bird of prey that feeds primarily on bones and carrion. Its inclusion in the list of unclean birds highlights the prohibition against consuming scavengers, which were considered impure. The bearded vulture's diet and behavior would have been well-known to the Israelites, reinforcing the importance of maintaining ritual purity by avoiding such animals.

the black vulture,
The black vulture, like the bearded vulture, is a scavenger that feeds on dead animals. Its presence in the list underscores the broader biblical theme of avoiding death and decay, which are often associated with impurity. The cultural context of the time placed a strong emphasis on life and purity, and the dietary laws served as a constant reminder of the Israelites' covenant relationship with God. The prohibition against eating vultures aligns with the overall biblical narrative that calls for holiness and separation from practices that defile.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Moses
The author of Deuteronomy, Moses is delivering God's laws to the Israelites as they prepare to enter the Promised Land. He serves as a mediator between God and the people.

2. Israelites
The chosen people of God, who are receiving these dietary laws as part of their covenant relationship with Him.

3. Promised Land
The land of Canaan, which God promised to the descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. The Israelites are on the brink of entering this land as they receive these instructions.
Teaching Points
Holiness and Distinction
The dietary laws were given to set the Israelites apart as a holy nation. As Christians, we are called to live distinct lives that reflect God's holiness.

Obedience to God's Commands
The Israelites were to obey these laws as a sign of their covenant relationship with God. Similarly, our obedience to God's Word is a reflection of our love and commitment to Him.

Understanding Fulfillment in Christ
While the dietary laws were specific to the Old Covenant, they point to a greater spiritual truth fulfilled in Christ, who makes all things clean and calls us to purity of heart.

Cultural and Spiritual Identity
The dietary laws helped shape the cultural and spiritual identity of the Israelites. As believers, our identity is rooted in Christ, and we are called to live in a way that reflects His character.(12) These are they of which ye shall not eat.--With one exception, the unclean birds are the same described in Leviticus 11:13-19.



Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
but these
וְזֶ֕ה (wə·zeh)
Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - masculine singular
Strong's 2088: This, that

you may not
לֹֽא־ (lō-)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

eat:
תֹאכְל֖וּ (ṯō·ḵə·lū)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural
Strong's 398: To eat

the eagle,
הַנֶּ֥שֶׁר (han·ne·šer)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 5404: The eagle

the vulture,
וְהַפֶּ֖רֶס (wə·hap·pe·res)
Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 6538: (a bird of prey) perhaps bearded vulture

the black vulture,
וְהָֽעָזְנִיָּֽה׃ (wə·hā·‘ā·zə·nî·yāh)
Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 5822: (a bird of prey) perhaps vulture


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OT Law: Deuteronomy 14:12 But these are they of which you (Deut. De Du)
Deuteronomy 14:11
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