Genesis 4:12
New International Version
When you work the ground, it will no longer yield its crops for you. You will be a restless wanderer on the earth.”

New Living Translation
No longer will the ground yield good crops for you, no matter how hard you work! From now on you will be a homeless wanderer on the earth.”

English Standard Version
When you work the ground, it shall no longer yield to you its strength. You shall be a fugitive and a wanderer on the earth.”

Berean Standard Bible
When you till the ground, it will no longer yield its produce to you. You will be a fugitive and a wanderer on the earth.”

King James Bible
When thou tillest the ground, it shall not henceforth yield unto thee her strength; a fugitive and a vagabond shalt thou be in the earth.

New King James Version
When you till the ground, it shall no longer yield its strength to you. A fugitive and a vagabond you shall be on the earth.”

New American Standard Bible
When you cultivate the ground, it will no longer yield its strength to you; you will be a wanderer and a drifter on the earth.”

NASB 1995
“When you cultivate the ground, it will no longer yield its strength to you; you will be a vagrant and a wanderer on the earth.”

NASB 1977
“When you cultivate the ground, it shall no longer yield its strength to you; you shall be a vagrant and a wanderer on the earth.”

Legacy Standard Bible
When you cultivate the ground, it will no longer yield its strength to you; you will be a vagrant and a wanderer on the earth.”

Amplified Bible
When you cultivate the ground, it shall no longer yield its strength [it will resist producing good crops] for you; you shall be a fugitive and a vagabond [roaming aimlessly] on the earth [in perpetual exile without a home, a degraded outcast].”

Christian Standard Bible
If you work the ground, it will never again give you its yield. You will be a restless wanderer on the earth.”

Holman Christian Standard Bible
If you work the ground, it will never again give you its yield. You will be a restless wanderer on the earth.”

American Standard Version
when thou tillest the ground, it shall not henceforth yield unto thee its strength; a fugitive and a wanderer shalt thou be in the earth.

Contemporary English Version
When you try to farm the land, it won't produce anything for you. From now on, you'll be without a home, and you'll spend the rest of your life wandering from place to place.

English Revised Version
when thou tillest the ground, it shall not henceforth yield unto thee her strength; a fugitive and a wanderer shalt thou be in the earth.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
When you farm the ground, it will no longer yield its best for you. You will be a fugitive, a wanderer on the earth."

Good News Translation
If you try to grow crops, the soil will not produce anything; you will be a homeless wanderer on the earth."

International Standard Version
Whenever you work the ground, it will no longer yield its produce to you, and you'll wander throughout the earth as a fugitive."

Majority Standard Bible
When you till the ground, it will no longer yield its produce to you. You will be a fugitive and a wanderer on the earth.”

NET Bible
When you try to cultivate the ground it will no longer yield its best for you. You will be a homeless wanderer on the earth."

New Heart English Bible
From now on, when you till the ground, it won't yield its strength to you. You shall be a fugitive and a wanderer in the earth."

Webster's Bible Translation
When thou tillest the ground, it shall not henceforth yield to thee its strength: A fugitive and a vagabond shalt thou be in the earth.

World English Bible
From now on, when you till the ground, it won’t yield its strength to you. You will be a fugitive and a wanderer in the earth.”
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
when you till the ground, it will not add to give its strength to you—a wanderer, even a trembling one, you are in the earth.”

Young's Literal Translation
when thou tillest the ground, it doth not add to give its strength to thee -- a wanderer, even a trembling one, thou art in the earth.'

Smith's Literal Translation
When thou shalt work the earth she shall not add to give her strength to thee. Wandering and fleeing shalt thou be in the earth.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
When thou shalt till it, it shall not yield to thee its fruit: a fugitive and vagabond shalt thou be upon the earth.

Catholic Public Domain Version
When you work it, it will not give you its fruit; a vagrant and a fugitive shall you be upon the land.”

New American Bible
If you till the ground, it shall no longer give you its produce. You shall become a constant wanderer on the earth.

New Revised Standard Version
When you till the ground, it will no longer yield to you its strength; you will be a fugitive and a wanderer on the earth.”
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
When you till the ground, it shall no more yield to you its strength; a fugitive and a wanderer shall you be on the earth.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
When you shall cultivate in the earth, she will not increase when she gives to you her power; shaken and trembling you will be in the earth.”
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
When thou tillest the ground, it shall not henceforth yield unto thee her strength; a fugitive and a wanderer shalt thou be in the earth.'

Brenton Septuagint Translation
When thou tillest the earth, then it shall not continue to give its strength to thee: thou shalt be groaning and trembling on the earth.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Cain Murders Abel
11Now you are cursed and banished from the ground, which has opened its mouth to receive your brother’s blood from your hand. 12When you till the ground, it will no longer yield its produce to you. You will be a fugitive and a wanderer on the earth.” 13But Cain said to the LORD, “My punishment is greater than I can bear.…

Cross References
Genesis 3:17-19
And to Adam He said: “Because you have listened to the voice of your wife and have eaten from the tree of which I commanded you not to eat, cursed is the ground because of you; through toil you will eat of it all the days of your life. / Both thorns and thistles it will yield for you, and you will eat the plants of the field. / By the sweat of your brow you will eat your bread, until you return to the ground—because out of it were you taken. For dust you are, and to dust you shall return.”

Deuteronomy 28:15-19
If, however, you do not obey the LORD your God by carefully following all His commandments and statutes I am giving you today, all these curses will come upon you and overtake you: / You will be cursed in the city and cursed in the country. / Your basket and kneading bowl will be cursed. ...

Deuteronomy 28:23-24
The sky over your head will be bronze, and the earth beneath you iron. / The LORD will turn the rain of your land into dust and powder; it will descend on you from the sky until you are destroyed.

Leviticus 26:19-20
I will break down your stubborn pride and make your sky like iron and your land like bronze, / and your strength will be spent in vain. For your land will not yield its produce, and the trees of the land will not bear their fruit.

Isaiah 5:10
For ten acres of vineyard will yield but a bath of wine, and a homer of seed only an ephah of grain.”

Jeremiah 12:13
They have sown wheat but harvested thorns. They have exhausted themselves to no avail. Bear the shame of your harvest because of the fierce anger of the LORD.”

Hosea 4:3
Therefore the land mourns, and all who dwell in it will waste away with the beasts of the field and the birds of the air; even the fish of the sea disappear.

Job 31:38-40
if my land cries out against me and its furrows weep together, / if I have devoured its produce without payment or broken the spirit of its tenants, / then let briers grow instead of wheat and stinkweed instead of barley.” Thus conclude the words of Job.

Psalm 107:34
and fruitful land into fields of salt, because of the wickedness of its dwellers.

Isaiah 24:20
The earth staggers like a drunkard and sways like a shack. Earth’s rebellion weighs it down, and it falls, never to rise again.

Ezekiel 14:13
“Son of man, if a land sins against Me by acting unfaithfully, and I stretch out My hand against it to cut off its supply of food, to send famine upon it, and to cut off from it both man and beast,

Matthew 25:41-46
Then He will say to those on His left, ‘Depart from Me, you who are cursed, into the eternal fire prepared for the devil and his angels. / For I was hungry and you gave Me nothing to eat, I was thirsty and you gave Me nothing to drink, / I was a stranger and you did not take Me in, I was naked and you did not clothe Me, I was sick and in prison and you did not look after Me.’ ...

Hebrews 11:4
By faith Abel offered God a better sacrifice than Cain did. By faith he was commended as righteous when God gave approval to his gifts. And by faith he still speaks, even though he is dead.

James 5:4
Look, the wages you withheld from the workmen who mowed your fields are crying out against you. The cries of the harvesters have reached the ears of the Lord of Hosts.

1 John 3:12
Do not be like Cain, who belonged to the evil one and murdered his brother. And why did Cain slay him? Because his own deeds were evil, while those of his brother were righteous.


Treasury of Scripture

When you till the ground, it shall not from now on yield to you her strength; a fugitive and a vagabond shall you be in the earth.

it.

Genesis 3:17,18
And unto Adam he said, Because thou hast hearkened unto the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, of which I commanded thee, saying, Thou shalt not eat of it: cursed is the ground for thy sake; in sorrow shalt thou eat of it all the days of thy life; …

Leviticus 26:20
And your strength shall be spent in vain: for your land shall not yield her increase, neither shall the trees of the land yield their fruits.

Deuteronomy 28:23,24
And thy heaven that is over thy head shall be brass, and the earth that is under thee shall be iron…

a fugitive.

Genesis 4:14
Behold, thou hast driven me out this day from the face of the earth; and from thy face shall I be hid; and I shall be a fugitive and a vagabond in the earth; and it shall come to pass, that every one that findeth me shall slay me.

Leviticus 26:36
And upon them that are left alive of you I will send a faintness into their hearts in the lands of their enemies; and the sound of a shaken leaf shall chase them; and they shall flee, as fleeing from a sword; and they shall fall when none pursueth.

Deuteronomy 28:65,66
And among these nations shalt thou find no ease, neither shall the sole of thy foot have rest: but the LORD shall give thee there a trembling heart, and failing of eyes, and sorrow of mind: …

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Add Crops Cultivate Earth Flight Fruit Fugitive Ground Henceforth Longer Restless Reward Strength Trembling Vagabond Vagrant Wanderer Won't Work Yield
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Genesis 4
1. The birth, occupation, and offerings of Cain and Abel.
8. Cain murders his brother Abel.
11. The curse of Cain.
17. Has a son called Enoch, and builds a city, which he calls after his name.
18. His descendants, with Lamech and his two wives.
25. The birth of Seth,
26. and Enos.














When you till the ground
The phrase "till the ground" refers to the act of cultivating the earth, a task given to Adam and his descendants as part of their stewardship over creation (Genesis 2:15). The Hebrew word for "till" is "abad," which can also mean to serve or work. This highlights the intended relationship between humanity and the earth—a partnership where humans serve the land, and in return, it provides sustenance. However, for Cain, this relationship is now broken due to his sin, reflecting the broader theme of sin disrupting God's intended order.

it will no longer yield its produce for you
The consequence of Cain's sin is a curse on his ability to cultivate the land. The Hebrew word for "yield" is "natan," meaning to give or bestow. This indicates a withdrawal of the earth's generosity towards Cain. Historically, this reflects the agrarian society's dependence on the land for survival. Spiritually, it symbolizes the severing of blessings due to disobedience, echoing the curse on Adam in Genesis 3:17-19 but with greater severity, emphasizing the escalating consequences of sin.

You will be a fugitive
The term "fugitive" comes from the Hebrew "nuwa," meaning to shake, stagger, or wander. This conveys a sense of instability and restlessness. Cain's punishment is not just physical but also psychological and spiritual, as he is condemned to a life of uncertainty and fear. This reflects the broader biblical theme of sin leading to alienation and separation, not only from God but also from one's community and environment.

and a wanderer on the earth
The word "wanderer" is translated from the Hebrew "nad," which implies a nomadic existence without a permanent home. This is significant in the ancient Near Eastern context, where land ownership and settlement were crucial for identity and security. Cain's punishment is thus a profound loss of identity and belonging. Theologically, it underscores the idea that sin leads to a loss of place and purpose, driving individuals away from the stability and peace found in God's presence.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
When
כִּ֤י (kî)
Conjunction
Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction

you till
תַֽעֲבֹד֙ (ṯa·‘ă·ḇōḏ)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular
Strong's 5647: To work, to serve, till, enslave

the ground,
הָ֣אֲדָמָ֔ה (hā·’ă·ḏā·māh)
Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 127: Ground, land

{it will} no
לֹֽא־ (lō-)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

longer
תֹסֵ֥ף (ṯō·sêp̄)
Verb - Hifil - Imperfect Jussive - third person feminine singular
Strong's 3254: To add, augment

yield
תֵּת־ (têṯ-)
Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Strong's 5414: To give, put, set

its produce
כֹּחָ֖הּ (kō·ḥāh)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person feminine singular
Strong's 3581: A small reptile (of unknown species)

to you.
לָ֑ךְ (lāḵ)
Preposition | second person feminine singular
Strong's Hebrew

You will be
תִּֽהְיֶ֥ה (tih·yeh)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular
Strong's 1961: To fall out, come to pass, become, be

a fugitive
נָ֥ע (nā‘)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 5128: To quiver, wave, waver, tremble, totter

and a wanderer
וָנָ֖ד (wā·nāḏ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 5110: To nod, waver, to wander, flee, disappear, to console, deplore, taunt

on the earth.”
בָאָֽרֶץ׃ (ḇā·’ā·reṣ)
Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 776: Earth, land


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OT Law: Genesis 4:12 From now on when you till (Gen. Ge Gn)
Genesis 4:11
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