Haggai 2:22
New International Version
I will overturn royal thrones and shatter the power of the foreign kingdoms. I will overthrow chariots and their drivers; horses and their riders will fall, each by the sword of his brother.

New Living Translation
I will overthrow royal thrones and destroy the power of foreign kingdoms. I will overturn their chariots and riders. The horses will fall, and their riders will kill each other.

English Standard Version
and to overthrow the throne of kingdoms. I am about to destroy the strength of the kingdoms of the nations, and overthrow the chariots and their riders. And the horses and their riders shall go down, every one by the sword of his brother.

Berean Standard Bible
I will overturn royal thrones and destroy the power of the kingdoms of the nations. I will overturn chariots and their riders; horses and their riders will fall, each by the sword of his brother.

King James Bible
And I will overthrow the throne of kingdoms, and I will destroy the strength of the kingdoms of the heathen; and I will overthrow the chariots, and those that ride in them; and the horses and their riders shall come down, every one by the sword of his brother.

New King James Version
I will overthrow the throne of kingdoms; I will destroy the strength of the Gentile kingdoms. I will overthrow the chariots And those who ride in them; The horses and their riders shall come down, Every one by the sword of his brother.

New American Standard Bible
And I will overthrow the thrones of kingdoms and destroy the power of the kingdoms of the nations; and I will overthrow the chariots and their riders, and the horses and their riders will go down, every one by the sword of another.’

NASB 1995
‘I will overthrow the thrones of kingdoms and destroy the power of the kingdoms of the nations; and I will overthrow the chariots and their riders, and the horses and their riders will go down, everyone by the sword of another.’

NASB 1977
‘And I will overthrow the thrones of kingdoms and destroy the power of the kingdoms of the nations; and I will overthrow the chariots and their riders, and the horses and their riders will go down, everyone by the sword of another.’

Legacy Standard Bible
I will overthrow the thrones of kingdoms and destroy the strength of the kingdoms of the nations; and I will overthrow the chariots and their riders, and the horses and their riders will go down, everyone by the sword of another.’

Amplified Bible
I will [in the distant future] overthrow the thrones of kingdoms and destroy the power of the kingdoms of the [ungodly] nations; and I will overthrow the chariots and those who ride in them, and the horses and their riders will go down, every one by the sword of his brother [annihilating one another].

Christian Standard Bible
I will overturn royal thrones and destroy the power of the Gentile kingdoms. I will overturn chariots and their riders. Horses and their riders will fall, each by his brother’s sword.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
I will overturn royal thrones and destroy the power of the Gentile kingdoms. I will overturn chariots and their riders. Horses and their riders will fall, each by his brother’s sword.

American Standard Version
and I will overthrow the throne of kingdoms; and I will destroy the strength of the kingdoms of the nations; and I will overthrow the chariots, and those that ride in them; and the horses and their riders shall come down, every one by the sword of his brother.

Contemporary English Version
and wipe out kings and their kingdoms. I will overturn war chariots, and then cavalry troops will start slaughtering each other.

English Revised Version
and I will overthrow the throne of kingdoms, and I will destroy the strength of the kingdoms of the nations; and I will overthrow the chariots, and those that ride in them; and the horses and their riders shall come down, every one by the sword of his brother.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
I will overthrow the thrones of kingdoms and destroy the power of nations. I will overthrow chariots and their riders, and the horses will fall along with their riders. They will kill one another with swords.

Good News Translation
and overthrow kingdoms and end their power. I will overturn chariots and their drivers; the horses will die, and their riders will kill one another.

International Standard Version
I will overthrow royal thrones. I will annihilate the strength of national governments. I will overthrow chariots along with those who drive them. Both horses and their riders will fall, each one by means of his comrade's weapon.

Majority Standard Bible
I will overturn royal thrones and destroy the power of the kingdoms of the nations. I will overturn chariots and their riders; horses and their riders will fall, each by the sword of his brother.

NET Bible
I will overthrow royal thrones and shatter the might of earthly kingdoms. I will overthrow chariots and those who ride them, and horses and their riders will fall as people kill one another.

New Heart English Bible
I will overthrow the throne of kingdoms. I will destroy the strength of the kingdoms of the nations. I will overthrow the chariots, and those who ride in them. The horses and their riders will come down, everyone by the sword of his brother.

Webster's Bible Translation
And I will overthrow the throne of kingdoms, and I will destroy the strength of the kingdoms of the heathen: and I will overthrow the chariots, and those that ride in them; and the horses and their riders shall come down, every one by the sword of his brother.

World English Bible
I will overthrow the throne of kingdoms. I will destroy the strength of the kingdoms of the nations. I will overthrow the chariots and those who ride in them. The horses and their riders will come down, everyone by the sword of his brother.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And have overturned the throne of kingdoms, "" And I have destroyed the strength of kingdoms of the nations, "" And overturned chariot and its charioteers, "" And horses and their riders have come down, "" Each by the sword of his brother.

Young's Literal Translation
And have overturned the throne of kingdoms, And I have destroyed the strength of kingdoms of the nations, And overturned chariot and its charioteers, And come down have horses and their riders, Each by the sword of his brother.

Smith's Literal Translation
And I overturned the throne of kingdoms, and I destroyed the strength of the kingdoms of the nations; and I overturned the chariot and those riding it; and the horses and their horsemen came down, a man by the sword of his brother.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And I will overthrow the throne of kingdoms, and will destroy the strength of the kingdom of the Gentiles: and I will overthrow the chariot, and him that rideth therein: and the horses and their riders shall come down, every one by the sword of his brother.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And I will overturn the throne of kingdoms, and I will crush the strength of the kingdom of the Gentiles. And I will overturn the four-horse chariot, and its rider; and the horses and their riders shall be brought down, a man by the sword of his brother.

New American Bible
I will overthrow the thrones of kingdoms, and destroy the power of the kingdoms of the nations. I will overthrow the chariots and their riders, and the riders with their horses will fall by each other’s swords.

New Revised Standard Version
and to overthrow the throne of kingdoms; I am about to destroy the strength of the kingdoms of the nations, and overthrow the chariots and their riders; and the horses and their riders shall fall, every one by the sword of a comrade.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And I will overthrow the throne of the kingdoms, and I will destroy the strength of the kingdoms of the Gentiles; and I will upset the chariots over their riders; and the horses and the riders shall fall down, every one by the sword of his brother.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And I shall overturn the throne of the kingdoms and I shall destroy the strength of the kingdoms of the nations and I shall overturn the chariots on their riders and the horses and their riders shall fall, each man by the sword of his brother
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
and I will overthrow the throne of kingdoms, and I will destroy the strength of the kingdoms of the nations; and I will overthrow the chariots, and those that ride in them; and the horses and their riders shall come down, every one by the sword of his brother.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
and I will overthrow the thrones of kings, and I will destroy the power of the kings of the nations; and I will overthrow chariots and riders; and the horses and their riders shall come down, every one by the sword striving against his brother.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Zerubbabel the LORD's Signet Ring
21“Tell Zerubbabel governor of Judah that I am about to shake the heavens and the earth: 22I will overturn royal thrones and destroy the power of the kingdoms of the nations. I will overturn chariots and their riders; horses and their riders will fall, each by the sword of his brother. 23On that day, declares the LORD of Hosts, I will take you, My servant, Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel, declares the LORD, and I will make you like My signet ring, for I have chosen you, declares the LORD of Hosts.”…

Cross References
Daniel 2:44
In the days of those kings, the God of heaven will set up a kingdom that will never be destroyed, nor will it be left to another people. It will shatter all these kingdoms and bring them to an end, but will itself stand forever.

Zechariah 14:13
On that day a great panic from the LORD will come upon them, so that each will seize the hand of another, and the hand of one will rise against the other.

Jeremiah 51:20-23
“You are My war club, My weapon for battle. With you I shatter nations; with you I bring kingdoms to ruin. / With you I shatter the horse and rider; with you I shatter the chariot and driver. / With you I shatter man and woman; with you I shatter the old man and the youth; with you I shatter the young man and the maiden. ...

Ezekiel 21:27
A ruin, a ruin, I will make it a ruin! And it will not be restored until the arrival of Him to whom it belongs, to whom I have assigned the right of judgment.’

Isaiah 13:13
Therefore I will make the heavens tremble, and the earth will be shaken from its place at the wrath of the LORD of Hosts on the day of His burning anger.

Revelation 19:19-21
Then I saw the beast and the kings of the earth with their armies assembled to wage war against the One seated on the horse, and against His army. / But the beast was captured along with the false prophet, who on its behalf had performed signs deceiving those who had the mark of the beast and worshiped its image. Both the beast and the false prophet were thrown alive into the fiery lake of burning sulfur. / And the rest were killed with the sword that proceeded from the mouth of the One seated on the horse. And all the birds gorged themselves on their flesh.

Jeremiah 51:25
“Behold, I am against you, O destroying mountain, you who devastate the whole earth, declares the LORD. I will stretch out My hand against you; I will roll you over the cliffs and turn you into a charred mountain.

Isaiah 34:2-3
The LORD is angry with all the nations and furious with all their armies. He will devote them to destruction; He will give them over to slaughter. / Their slain will be left unburied, and the stench of their corpses will rise; the mountains will flow with their blood.

Revelation 11:15
Then the seventh angel sounded his trumpet, and loud voices called out in heaven: “The kingdom of the world has become the kingdom of our Lord and of His Christ, and He will reign forever and ever.”

Isaiah 41:15-16
Behold, I will make you into a threshing sledge, new and sharp, with many teeth. You will thresh the mountains and crush them, and reduce the hills to chaff. / You will winnow them, and a wind will carry them away; a gale will scatter them. But you will rejoice in the LORD; you will glory in the Holy One of Israel.

Revelation 16:14-16
These are demonic spirits that perform signs and go out to all the kings of the earth, to assemble them for battle on the great day of God the Almighty. / “Behold, I am coming like a thief. Blessed is the one who remains awake and clothed, so that he will not go naked and let his shame be exposed.” / And they assembled the kings in the place that in Hebrew is called Armageddon.

Jeremiah 50:23
How the hammer of the whole earth lies broken and shattered! What a horror Babylon has become among the nations!

Isaiah 60:12
For the nation or kingdom that will not serve you will perish; it will be utterly destroyed.

Revelation 17:14
They will make war against the Lamb, and the Lamb will triumph over them, because He is Lord of lords and King of kings; and He will be accompanied by His called and chosen and faithful ones.”

Ezekiel 38:21
And I will summon a sword against Gog on all My mountains, declares the Lord GOD, and every man’s sword will be against his brother.


Treasury of Scripture

And I will overthrow the throne of kingdoms, and I will destroy the strength of the kingdoms of the heathen; and I will overthrow the chariots, and those that ride in them; and the horses and their riders shall come down, every one by the sword of his brother.

overthrow.

Isaiah 60:12
For the nation and kingdom that will not serve thee shall perish; yea, those nations shall be utterly wasted.

Ezekiel 21:27
I will overturn, overturn, overturn, it: and it shall be no more, until he come whose right it is; and I will give it him.

Daniel 2:34,35,44,45
Thou sawest till that a stone was cut out without hands, which smote the image upon his feet that were of iron and clay, and brake them to pieces…

and I will overthrow the chariots.

Exodus 14:17,28
And I, behold, I will harden the hearts of the Egyptians, and they shall follow them: and I will get me honour upon Pharaoh, and upon all his host, upon his chariots, and upon his horsemen…

Exodus 15:4,19
Pharaoh's chariots and his host hath he cast into the sea: his chosen captains also are drowned in the Red sea…

Psalm 46:9
He maketh wars to cease unto the end of the earth; he breaketh the bow, and cutteth the spear in sunder; he burneth the chariot in the fire.

every.

Judges 7:22
And the three hundred blew the trumpets, and the LORD set every man's sword against his fellow, even throughout all the host: and the host fled to Bethshittah in Zererath, and to the border of Abelmeholah, unto Tabbath.

1 Samuel 14:16
And the watchmen of Saul in Gibeah of Benjamin looked; and, behold, the multitude melted away, and they went on beating down one another.

2 Chronicles 20:22
And when they began to sing and to praise, the LORD set ambushments against the children of Ammon, Moab, and mount Seir, which were come against Judah; and they were smitten.

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Chariot Charioteers Chariots Destroy Destroyed Destruction Drivers Fellow Foreign Heathen Horses Kingdoms Nations Overthrow Overturn Overturned Overturning Power Ride Riders Royal Shatter Strength Sword Throne Thrones War-Carriages
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Chariot Charioteers Chariots Destroy Destroyed Destruction Drivers Fellow Foreign Heathen Horses Kingdoms Nations Overthrow Overturn Overturned Overturning Power Ride Riders Royal Shatter Strength Sword Throne Thrones War-Carriages
Haggai 2
1. He encourages the people to the work,
4. by promise of greater glory to the second temple than was in the first.
10. In the type of holy things and unclean he shows their sins hindered the work.
20. God's promise to Zerubbabel.














I will overturn
The phrase "I will overturn" is a powerful declaration of divine intervention. The Hebrew root word here is "הָפַךְ" (haphak), which means to turn, overthrow, or transform. This indicates a complete reversal of the current order, emphasizing God's sovereignty over earthly powers. Historically, this reflects God's ability to change the course of history, as seen in the fall of empires and the rise of His chosen people. It is a reminder that no earthly power can withstand the will of God.

royal thrones
"Royal thrones" symbolizes the seats of power and authority. In the ancient Near East, thrones were not just physical seats but represented the rule and dominion of kings. The mention of thrones here signifies the political and military powers that God promises to disrupt. This is a reassurance to the Israelites that God is in control and will dismantle oppressive regimes, aligning with the biblical theme of God as the ultimate King.

shatter the power
The word "shatter" comes from the Hebrew "נָפַץ" (napats), meaning to break or smash. This conveys a sense of complete destruction. The "power" refers to the might and influence of the kingdoms. Historically, this reflects the fall of great empires like Babylon and Persia, which were seen as invincible. Theologically, it underscores the futility of human power against divine will.

kingdoms of the nations
"Kingdoms of the nations" refers to the various political entities surrounding Israel. In the context of Haggai, this would include the Persian Empire and other regional powers. The phrase highlights the universal scope of God's authority, not limited to Israel but extending to all nations. It serves as a reminder of God's plan for all humanity and His ultimate justice.

I will overthrow chariots and their riders
Chariots and riders were symbols of military strength and technological advancement in ancient warfare. The Hebrew word for "overthrow" is "הָפַךְ" (haphak), the same as "overturn," emphasizing a complete reversal. This imagery recalls the Exodus narrative, where God overthrew Pharaoh's chariots in the Red Sea, symbolizing deliverance and divine victory over human might.

so that horses and their riders will fall
Horses and riders represent the elite forces of an army. The fall of these signifies the collapse of military power. The imagery is vivid, suggesting chaos and defeat. This serves as a metaphor for the downfall of those who oppose God's people, reinforcing the message that reliance on military might is futile against divine intervention.

each by the sword of his brother
This phrase suggests internal conflict and self-destruction among the enemies of God. It echoes the biblical theme of God using the enemies' own strength against them, as seen in the account of Gideon (Judges 7:22). It highlights the idea that God can bring about victory for His people through unexpected means, often turning the plans of the wicked against themselves.

Verse 22. - I will overthrow the throne of kingdoms. No events in Zerubbabel's time satisfied this prediction, which waits for its fulfilment in the Messianic age (Luke 1:52). "The throne" is used distributively for "every throne of kingdoms;" Septuagint, "thrones of kings." Of the heathen; of the nations. Chariots, etc. Emblems of the military power by which the nations had risen to eminence (Psalm 20:7; Zechariah 10:5). Shall come down. Be brought to the ground, perish (Isaiah 34:7). By the sword of his brother. The heathen powers shall annihilate one another (Ezekiel 38:21; Zechariah 14:13).

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
I will overturn
וְהָֽפַכְתִּי֙ (wə·hā·p̄aḵ·tî)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular
Strong's 2015: To turn about, over, to change, overturn, return, pervert

royal
מַמְלָכ֔וֹת (mam·lā·ḵō·wṯ)
Noun - feminine plural
Strong's 4467: Kingdom, sovereignty, dominion, reign

thrones
כִּסֵּ֣א (kis·sê)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3678: Seat of honor, throne

and destroy
וְהִ֨שְׁמַדְתִּ֔י (wə·hiš·maḏ·tî)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular
Strong's 8045: To be exterminated or destroyed

the power
חֹ֖זֶק (ḥō·zeq)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 2392: Strength

of the kingdoms
מַמְלְכ֣וֹת (mam·lə·ḵō·wṯ)
Noun - feminine plural construct
Strong's 4467: Kingdom, sovereignty, dominion, reign

of the nations.
הַגּוֹיִ֑ם (hag·gō·w·yim)
Article | Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 1471: A foreign nation, a Gentile, a troop of animals, a flight of locusts

I will overturn
וְהָפַכְתִּ֤י (wə·hā·p̄aḵ·tî)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular
Strong's 2015: To turn about, over, to change, overturn, return, pervert

chariots
מֶרְכָּבָה֙ (mer·kā·ḇāh)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 4818: A chariot

and their riders;
וְרֹ֣כְבֶ֔יהָ (wə·rō·ḵə·ḇe·hā)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct | third person feminine singular
Strong's 7392: To ride, to place upon, to despatch

horses
סוּסִים֙ (sū·sîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 5483: A swallow, swift (type of bird)

and their riders
וְרֹ֣כְבֵיהֶ֔ם (wə·rō·ḵə·ḇê·hem)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural
Strong's 7392: To ride, to place upon, to despatch

will fall,
וְיָרְד֤וּ (wə·yā·rə·ḏū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 3381: To come or go down, descend

each
אִ֖ישׁ (’îš)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 376: A man as an individual, a male person

by the sword
בְּחֶ֥רֶב (bə·ḥe·reḇ)
Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 2719: Drought, a cutting instrument, as a, knife, sword

of his brother.
אָחִֽיו׃ (’ā·ḥîw)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 251: A brother, )


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OT Prophets: Haggai 2:22 I will overthrow the throne of kingdoms (Hagg. Hag. Hg)
Haggai 2:21
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