After Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon
This phrase introduces the historical context of the verse. Nebuchadnezzar, a powerful ruler of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, is a significant figure in biblical history. His conquests, including the siege of Jerusalem, are well-documented both in the Bible and in archaeological records. The mention of Nebuchadnezzar sets the stage for understanding the geopolitical climate of the time, where Babylon was a dominant force, and Judah was under its influence. This context highlights the fulfillment of prophetic warnings given to Judah about the consequences of their disobedience to God.

had carried away Jeconiah son of Jehoiakim king of Judah
Jeconiah, also known as Jehoiachin, was a young king of Judah whose reign was marked by turmoil and subjugation to Babylon. His deportation signifies a pivotal moment in Judah's history, as it represents the beginning of the Babylonian exile. The Hebrew root for "carried away" (גָּלָה, galah) implies a forced removal, emphasizing the loss and displacement experienced by the people of Judah. This event is a direct result of the nation's failure to adhere to God's covenant, serving as a somber reminder of the consequences of turning away from divine guidance.

along with the officials of Judah and the craftsmen and artisans
The deportation included not only the king but also the leading figures and skilled workers of Judah. This strategic move by Nebuchadnezzar aimed to weaken Judah by removing its leadership and those who contributed to its economic and cultural strength. The Hebrew term for "officials" (שָׂרִים, sarim) often refers to leaders or princes, indicating that the exile affected the upper echelons of society. The inclusion of "craftsmen and artisans" underscores the comprehensive nature of the exile, as these individuals were vital to the community's infrastructure and cultural identity.

from Jerusalem and had brought them to Babylon
The journey from Jerusalem to Babylon was not just a physical relocation but a profound spiritual and cultural upheaval. Jerusalem, the city of God, represented the heart of Jewish worship and identity. Being taken to Babylon, a city synonymous with idolatry and paganism, symbolized a dramatic shift in the lives of the exiles. This movement from the holy city to a foreign land serves as a backdrop for the themes of judgment and hope that permeate the book of Jeremiah.

the LORD showed me
This phrase indicates a divine revelation given to the prophet Jeremiah. The Hebrew word for "showed" (רָאָה, ra'ah) suggests a vision or insight granted by God. Jeremiah, as a prophet, served as a conduit for God's messages to His people. This revelation is significant because it provides a divine perspective on the events unfolding in Judah, offering insight into God's plans and purposes amidst the chaos of exile.

two baskets of figs placed in front of the temple of the LORD
The imagery of two baskets of figs is rich with symbolic meaning. In the Hebrew tradition, figs often represent prosperity and blessing, but they can also symbolize judgment, depending on their condition. The placement "in front of the temple of the LORD" signifies the centrality of God's presence and the importance of the temple as a place of worship and divine encounter. This vision serves as a metaphor for the contrasting fates of those who remain faithful to God and those who do not, foreshadowing the message of hope and restoration that God offers to His people despite their current circumstances.

One basket had very good figs
The imagery of "one basket" signifies a complete and distinct group, representing those who are faithful and obedient to God. The "very good figs" symbolize the exiles from Judah who were taken to Babylon. In the Hebrew context, figs are often associated with prosperity and blessing. The "very good figs" are likened to those that "ripen early," indicating a sense of readiness and favor. This reflects God's promise to preserve a remnant that will ultimately return and restore the nation. The early ripening of figs suggests a special selection by God, emphasizing His sovereign choice and the hope of renewal.

like those that ripen early
The phrase "like those that ripen early" conveys a sense of prime quality and desirability. In ancient Israel, early-ripening figs were considered a delicacy, often sought after for their sweetness and freshness. This metaphor highlights the special status of the faithful remnant, who are seen as precious and valuable in God's eyes. The early ripening also suggests a readiness to fulfill God's purposes, indicating that those who are faithful are prepared to be used by Him for His divine plan. This readiness is a call to believers to be spiritually mature and responsive to God's timing.

but the other basket had very bad figs
The contrast with "the other basket" introduces a stark division between the faithful and the unfaithful. The "very bad figs" represent those who remain in Jerusalem and continue in their rebellion against God. In the Hebrew language, the term for "bad" can also imply moral corruption and decay. These figs are so "bad" that they are beyond redemption, symbolizing the spiritual and moral degradation of those who reject God's covenant. This serves as a warning to believers about the consequences of disobedience and the importance of remaining true to God's commands.

so bad they could not be eaten
The phrase "so bad they could not be eaten" underscores the severity of the judgment on the unfaithful. In ancient times, figs that were inedible were considered worthless and discarded. This imagery conveys the idea that those who persist in sin and rebellion are ultimately rejected by God. The inability to be "eaten" signifies a complete lack of usefulness and purpose, highlighting the spiritual barrenness of those who turn away from God. This serves as a sobering reminder of the importance of repentance and the need to align one's life with God's will to avoid spiritual ruin.

Then the LORD said to me
This phrase indicates a direct communication from God to the prophet Jeremiah. The Hebrew root for "LORD" is "YHWH," the sacred and personal name of God, emphasizing His covenant relationship with Israel. This divine interaction underscores the prophetic authority of Jeremiah, as he receives revelation directly from God, a common theme in the prophetic books where God initiates communication to guide, warn, or instruct His people.

What do you see, Jeremiah?
God's question to Jeremiah is not merely about physical sight but spiritual insight. The Hebrew word for "see" is "ra'ah," which can mean to perceive or understand. This question invites Jeremiah to discern the spiritual reality behind the vision. It reflects a common prophetic experience where God uses visions to convey deeper truths, requiring the prophet to interpret and understand the divine message.

Figs, I replied
Figs are a significant agricultural product in ancient Israel, often symbolizing prosperity and blessing. The Hebrew word for "figs" is "te'enim." In the context of this vision, figs represent the people of Judah. The use of figs as a symbol is rooted in the agrarian culture of the time, where the health of fig trees was directly related to the well-being of the community.

The good figs are very good
The repetition of "good" in Hebrew, "tov," emphasizes the quality and desirability of these figs. In the biblical context, "good" often denotes moral and spiritual integrity. Here, the good figs symbolize the faithful remnant of Judah, those who will be preserved and restored. This reflects the biblical theme of God’s faithfulness to preserve a remnant despite widespread unfaithfulness.

but the bad figs are very bad
The contrast between the good and bad figs highlights the moral and spiritual dichotomy within the people of Judah. The Hebrew word for "bad" is "ra," which can mean evil or harmful. The bad figs represent those who have turned away from God, emphasizing the consequences of disobedience and unfaithfulness. This serves as a warning of judgment for those who do not follow God’s ways.

so bad they cannot be eaten
This phrase underscores the severity of the condition of the bad figs. Inedible figs symbolize utter corruption and uselessness. The imagery of inedibility conveys the idea that those who are spiritually corrupt are beyond remedy, destined for judgment. This reflects the biblical principle that persistent rebellion against God leads to destruction, reinforcing the call to repentance and faithfulness.

Then
The word "Then" indicates a sequence of events, suggesting that what follows is a direct response or continuation of a previous action or revelation. In the context of Jeremiah, this word connects the vision of the two baskets of figs to the divine message that Jeremiah is about to receive. It emphasizes the immediacy and relevance of God's communication to the prophet, underscoring the active and ongoing nature of God's involvement in the affairs of His people.

the word
In Hebrew, "word" is "dabar," which signifies not just a spoken word but a matter or thing. It implies authority and purpose, reflecting the power of God's communication. In the biblical context, "the word" is not merely a message but an active force that accomplishes God's will. This highlights the importance of divine revelation and the transformative power of God's word in the lives of individuals and nations.

of the LORD
The term "LORD" is translated from the Hebrew "YHWH," the sacred and personal name of God. It denotes His eternal, self-existent nature and His covenant relationship with Israel. This phrase emphasizes that the message Jeremiah receives is not of human origin but from the sovereign Creator, who is faithful to His promises and actively engaged in guiding His people.

came
The word "came" suggests movement and arrival, indicating that the message was delivered to Jeremiah with intention and purpose. It reflects the dynamic nature of God's communication, as He reaches out to His prophets to convey His will. This underscores the accessibility of God and His willingness to engage with humanity, providing guidance and direction.

to me
The phrase "to me" personalizes the message, highlighting Jeremiah's role as a chosen prophet and intermediary between God and His people. It underscores the intimate relationship between God and His servants, as well as the responsibility placed upon Jeremiah to faithfully convey God's message. This personal aspect of divine communication serves as a reminder of the unique calling and accountability of those who are entrusted with God's word.

saying
The word "saying" introduces the content of the divine message, preparing the reader for the specific revelation that follows. It signifies the beginning of a direct quotation from God, emphasizing the importance and authority of the words that are about to be spoken. This sets the stage for the prophetic message, inviting the audience to listen attentively and respond to God's instruction.

This is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says
This phrase establishes the authority and divine origin of the message. The Hebrew term for "LORD" is "YHWH," the sacred and personal name of God, emphasizing His covenant relationship with Israel. "The God of Israel" reaffirms His unique relationship with the nation, reminding them of His sovereignty and faithfulness. Historically, this introduction is a common prophetic formula, underscoring that the message is not Jeremiah's own but divinely inspired.

Like these good figs
The imagery of "good figs" is central to understanding God's message. In the ancient Near East, figs were a staple food, symbolizing prosperity and blessing. The "good figs" represent those who are faithful and obedient to God, even in exile. This metaphor is a powerful reminder that God sees beyond current circumstances to the potential for future restoration and blessing.

so I regard as good
The phrase "regard as good" indicates God's favorable view and approval. The Hebrew root "טוֹב" (tov) means good, pleasant, or agreeable. This divine assessment is not based on the current situation but on God's sovereign plan and purpose. It highlights God's grace and mercy, choosing to see the exiles' potential for renewal and growth.

the exiles from Judah
The "exiles from Judah" refers to those taken captive to Babylon. Historically, this was a devastating event, yet it was part of God's disciplinary action against Judah's disobedience. However, God’s regard for them as "good" suggests a redemptive purpose in their exile. It emphasizes that even in judgment, God’s ultimate aim is restoration and reconciliation.

whom I have sent away from this place
This phrase underscores God's sovereignty in the events leading to the exile. The Hebrew verb "שָׁלַח" (shalach) means to send or dispatch. It was not merely the result of political or military actions but a divine act. This perspective offers hope, as it implies that God is in control and has a purpose for their displacement.

to the land of the Chaldeans
The "land of the Chaldeans" refers to Babylon, a place of captivity and foreign rule. Historically, Babylon was a powerful empire known for its wealth and influence. Yet, in this context, it becomes a place of transformation and preparation for the exiles. This phrase reminds the reader that God can use even the most unlikely circumstances to fulfill His promises and bring about His plans for His people.

I will keep My eyes on them for good
This phrase reflects God's attentive and benevolent oversight. The Hebrew word for "keep" is "שָׁקַד" (shaqad), which conveys a sense of watching over with diligence and care. This is not a passive observation but an active, protective vigilance. Historically, this assurance was given to the exiles in Babylon, promising them that despite their displacement, God's watchful presence would ensure their welfare. In a broader scriptural context, this reflects the consistent biblical theme of God's providential care for His people, as seen in passages like Psalm 121:4, where God is described as one who neither slumbers nor sleeps.

and I will bring them back to this land
The promise of restoration is central to this phrase. The Hebrew verb "שׁוּב" (shuv) means to return or restore, indicating a reversal of fortune and a return to a former state of blessing. This promise was particularly poignant for the Israelites in exile, as it assured them of a future return to their homeland, a land flowing with milk and honey, as originally promised to their forefathers. This reflects God's faithfulness to His covenant and His ability to fulfill His promises despite apparent obstacles.

I will build them up and not tear them down
Here, the imagery of construction versus destruction is powerful. The Hebrew word for "build" is "בָּנָה" (banah), which suggests establishing something strong and enduring. Conversely, "tear down" comes from "נָתַץ" (natats), meaning to demolish or destroy. This promise of building up signifies God's intention to establish His people firmly, ensuring their growth and prosperity. Historically, this was a message of hope to the exiles, contrasting their current state of ruin with a future of stability and blessing. It echoes the broader biblical narrative of God as a restorer and rebuilder, as seen in the rebuilding of Jerusalem's walls under Nehemiah.

I will plant them and not uproot them
The agricultural metaphor of planting and uprooting is rich with meaning. "Plant" in Hebrew is "נָטַע" (nata), which implies setting something in place to grow and flourish. "Uproot," from "נָתַשׁ" (natash), suggests removal and displacement. This promise assures the exiles of a permanent and secure future in their land, where they can thrive without fear of being displaced again. This reflects God's desire for His people to be fruitful and multiply, as originally commanded in Genesis. It also aligns with the prophetic vision of a restored Israel, deeply rooted in their covenant relationship with God, as seen in passages like Isaiah 60:21.

I will give them a heart to know Me
This phrase emphasizes God's initiative in the transformation of the human heart. The Hebrew word for "heart" is "לֵב" (lev), which in biblical terms often refers to the center of human will, emotion, and intellect. In the context of Jeremiah, this transformation is a divine act, signifying a new covenant relationship where God Himself enables His people to truly know Him. This is not merely intellectual knowledge but an intimate, relational understanding. Historically, this promise comes after a period of judgment and exile, offering hope of restoration and renewal.

that I am the LORD
The phrase underscores the covenant name of God, "Yahweh" (יהוה), which is often translated as "LORD" in English Bibles. This name signifies God's eternal, self-existent nature and His faithfulness to His promises. In the historical context of Jeremiah, the recognition of Yahweh as the one true God was crucial for the Israelites, who were surrounded by nations worshiping false gods. This acknowledgment is a return to the foundational truth of Israel's faith, emphasizing God's sovereignty and unique identity.

They will be My people
This phrase reflects the covenant relationship between God and Israel, echoing the covenantal language found throughout the Old Testament, such as in Exodus 6:7. The Hebrew word for "people" is "עַם" (am), indicating a collective identity bound by a shared relationship with God. This promise reassures the exiled Israelites of their continued identity as God's chosen people, despite their current circumstances. It is a reaffirmation of God's commitment to His covenant, offering hope and belonging.

and I will be their God
This phrase completes the covenant formula, emphasizing mutual belonging and relationship. The Hebrew word for "God" here is "אֱלֹהִים" (Elohim), a term that conveys power and majesty. In the context of Jeremiah, this promise is a powerful assurance of God's presence and protection. It signifies a restored relationship where God is not only acknowledged as the supreme deity but also as a personal, caring protector and provider for His people.

for they will return to Me with all their heart
The phrase "return to Me" uses the Hebrew verb "שׁוּב" (shuv), which means to turn back or repent. This is a call to repentance and a wholehearted return to God. The phrase "with all their heart" emphasizes total commitment and sincerity, indicating a complete and genuine transformation. In the historical context, this return is not just physical, from exile, but spiritual, signifying a renewed dedication to God. It highlights the theme of repentance and restoration that runs throughout the book of Jeremiah, offering hope for a future where God's people are fully devoted to Him.

But like the bad figs, which are so bad they cannot be eaten
This phrase draws a vivid comparison between the people of Judah and bad figs. In the Hebrew text, the word for "bad" is "ra," which conveys not only the idea of poor quality but also moral corruption. The imagery of figs, a common fruit in the region, would have been easily understood by the original audience. Figs that are "so bad they cannot be eaten" symbolize something that has become utterly useless and repugnant. This metaphor serves as a stark warning about the spiritual and moral decay of the people who have turned away from God.

this is what the LORD says
The phrase underscores the authority and divine origin of the message. In Hebrew, "LORD" is "YHWH," the sacred name of God, emphasizing His covenant relationship with Israel. The use of "says" (Hebrew "amar") indicates a direct communication from God, highlighting the seriousness and certainty of the pronouncement. This is not merely a human observation but a divine declaration, demanding the attention and response of the people.

so will I deal with Zedekiah king of Judah
Here, the focus shifts to Zedekiah, the last king of Judah. Historically, Zedekiah was a puppet king installed by Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon. His reign was marked by political instability and spiritual unfaithfulness. The phrase "so will I deal" suggests a direct and personal intervention by God in the affairs of Zedekiah, reflecting the principle that leaders are held accountable for their actions and the spiritual state of their nation.

his officials
The mention of "officials" (Hebrew "sarim") extends the judgment beyond the king to those in positions of power and influence. These leaders were responsible for guiding the people and maintaining justice, yet they often led them astray. This highlights the biblical principle that leadership carries a weighty responsibility, and those who lead others into sin will face severe consequences.

and the remnant of Jerusalem—those who remain in this land and those living in the land of Egypt
The "remnant of Jerusalem" refers to the survivors of the Babylonian conquest who were left in the land, as well as those who fled to Egypt seeking refuge. This phrase underscores the comprehensive nature of God's judgment, affecting all who have turned away from Him, regardless of their location. Historically, many Judeans sought safety in Egypt, but this decision was contrary to God's instructions through the prophets. The inclusion of both groups serves as a reminder that physical relocation cannot shield one from divine judgment; only repentance and obedience can.

I will make them
This phrase indicates God's active role in the unfolding events. The Hebrew root here is "שׂוּם" (sum), meaning to set, place, or appoint. It underscores God's sovereignty and His direct involvement in the judgment of His people. This is not a passive allowance but a deliberate act of divine will, emphasizing the seriousness of Israel's disobedience and the certainty of God's justice.

a horror and an offense
The Hebrew words "זַוְעָה" (zav'ah) for horror and "רָעָה" (ra'ah) for offense convey a sense of dread and moral repulsion. Historically, Israel's actions had led them to become a spectacle of terror and a moral scandal among the nations. This reflects the consequences of turning away from God's covenant, serving as a warning to all who witness their downfall.

to all the kingdoms of the earth
This phrase highlights the universal scope of Israel's judgment. The Hebrew "מַמְלְכוֹת" (mamlakhot) refers to kingdoms, indicating that the impact of Israel's punishment would be felt globally. It serves as a reminder of Israel's intended role as a light to the nations, now turned into a cautionary tale due to their unfaithfulness.

a reproach and a byword
The terms "חֶרְפָּה" (cherpah) for reproach and "מָשָׁל" (mashal) for byword suggest a state of disgrace and a proverbial example of failure. In the ancient Near Eastern context, being a byword meant becoming a symbol of misfortune and divine disfavor. This reflects the depth of Israel's fall from grace and the enduring nature of their shame.

a taunt and a curse
The Hebrew "לָשׁוֹן" (lashon) for taunt and "קְלָלָה" (qelalah) for curse indicate verbal expressions of scorn and condemnation. These words capture the derision and malediction that would follow Israel in their exile. It serves as a sobering reminder of the power of words to reflect and perpetuate the consequences of sin.

in all the places to which I banish them
The phrase "בְּכָל־הַמְּקוֹמוֹת" (b'chol-hammeqomot) emphasizes the totality and inevitability of Israel's dispersion. The act of banishment, "נָדַח" (nadach), signifies a forced removal, underscoring the severity of God's judgment. This scattering serves as both punishment and a means of preserving a remnant, highlighting God's justice and mercy intertwined.

And I will send
This phrase indicates divine initiative and sovereignty. The Hebrew root for "send" is שָׁלַח (shalach), which conveys the idea of dispatching or commissioning. In the context of Jeremiah, God is actively orchestrating events as a response to the people's disobedience. This highlights God's control over history and His ability to use various means to fulfill His purposes.

against them
The pronoun "them" refers to the people of Judah who have turned away from God. Historically, this is a period of great turmoil for Judah, as they face the consequences of their idolatry and rebellion. The phrase underscores the directness of God's judgment, emphasizing that the actions to follow are specifically targeted due to their covenant unfaithfulness.

sword
The "sword" symbolizes warfare and violence. In the ancient Near Eastern context, the sword was a common instrument of judgment and conquest. Theologically, it represents God's use of foreign nations as instruments of His judgment, as seen with the Babylonian invasion. This serves as a reminder of the seriousness of turning away from God's commands.

and famine
Famine, or רָעָב (ra'av) in Hebrew, often accompanies war as agricultural production is disrupted. In the biblical narrative, famine is frequently a sign of divine displeasure and a call to repentance. It serves as a physical manifestation of spiritual barrenness, urging the people to return to God for sustenance and life.

and plague
Plague, or דֶּבֶר (dever), is another tool of divine judgment. In the biblical context, plagues are often seen as direct interventions by God to bring about repentance or to demonstrate His power, as seen in the plagues of Egypt. This highlights the severity of the situation and the need for the people to recognize their dependence on God.

until they have perished
This phrase indicates the completeness of the judgment. The Hebrew root אָבַד (avad) means to perish or be destroyed. It underscores the finality of God's judgment when His warnings are continually ignored. It serves as a sobering reminder of the consequences of persistent disobedience.

from the land
The "land" refers to the Promised Land, a central element of God's covenant with Israel. The loss of the land signifies a breach in the covenant relationship. Historically, the land was not just a physical territory but a symbol of God's promise and blessing. Being removed from it represents a profound spiritual and communal loss.

that I gave to them
This phrase emphasizes God's role as the giver of the land, highlighting His generosity and faithfulness. The land was a gift, not earned by the people, and their possession of it was contingent upon their obedience to God. This serves as a reminder of the conditional nature of God's blessings.

and their fathers
The mention of "their fathers" connects the current generation to the patriarchs and the covenant promises made to them. It underscores the continuity of God's relationship with His people across generations. This historical connection serves as both a reminder of God's faithfulness and a call to return to the faith of their ancestors.