Isaiah 1:3
New International Version
The ox knows its master, the donkey its owner’s manger, but Israel does not know, my people do not understand.”

New Living Translation
Even an ox knows its owner, and a donkey recognizes its master’s care— but Israel doesn’t know its master. My people don’t recognize my care for them.”

English Standard Version
The ox knows its owner, and the donkey its master’s crib, but Israel does not know, my people do not understand.”

Berean Standard Bible
The ox knows its owner, and the donkey its master’s manger, but Israel does not know; My people do not understand.”

King James Bible
The ox knoweth his owner, and the ass his master's crib: but Israel doth not know, my people doth not consider.

New King James Version
The ox knows its owner And the donkey its master’s crib; But Israel does not know, My people do not consider.”

New American Standard Bible
“An ox knows its owner, And a donkey its master’s manger, But Israel does not know, My people do not understand.”

NASB 1995
“An ox knows its owner, And a donkey its master’s manger, But Israel does not know, My people do not understand.”

NASB 1977
“An ox knows its owner, And a donkey its master’s manger, But Israel does not know, My people do not understand.”

Legacy Standard Bible
An ox knows its owner, And a donkey its master’s manger, But Israel does not know; My people do not perceive.”

Amplified Bible
“The ox [instinctively] knows its owner, And the donkey its master’s feeding trough, But Israel does not know [Me as LORD], My people do not understand.”

Christian Standard Bible
The ox knows its owner, and the donkey its master’s feeding trough, but Israel does not know; my people do not understand.”

Holman Christian Standard Bible
The ox knows its owner, and the donkey its master’s feeding trough, but Israel does not know; My people do not understand.”

American Standard Version
The ox knoweth his owner, and the ass his master's crib; but Israel doth not know, my people doth not consider.

Contemporary English Version
Oxen and donkeys know who owns and feeds them, but my people won't ever learn."

English Revised Version
The ox knoweth his owner, and the ass his master's crib: but Israel doth not know, my people doth not consider.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Oxen know their owners, and donkeys know where their masters feed them. But Israel doesn't know [its owner]. My people don't understand [who feeds them].

Good News Translation
Cattle know who owns them, and donkeys know where their master feeds them. But that is more than my people Israel know. They don't understand at all."

International Standard Version
The ox knows its owner, and the donkey its master's feeding trough, but Israel doesn't know, and my people don't understand.

Majority Standard Bible
The ox knows its owner, and the donkey its master’s manger, but Israel does not know; My people do not understand.”

NET Bible
An ox recognizes its owner, a donkey recognizes where its owner puts its food; but Israel does not recognize me, my people do not understand."

New Heart English Bible
The ox knows his owner, and the donkey his master's crib; but Israel doesn't know, my people do not understand.

Webster's Bible Translation
The ox knoweth his owner, and the ass his master's crib: but Israel doth not know, my people doth not consider.

World English Bible
The ox knows his owner, and the donkey his master’s crib; but Israel doesn’t know. My people don’t consider.”
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
An ox has known its owner, "" And a donkey the crib of its master, "" Israel has not known, "" My people have not understood.”

Young's Literal Translation
An ox hath known its owner, And an ass the crib of its master, Israel hath not known, My people hath not understood.

Smith's Literal Translation
The ox knew his possessor, and the ass his lord's stall: Israel knew not; my people understood not.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
The ox knoweth his owner, and the ass his master's crib: but Israel hath not known me, and my people hath not understood.

Catholic Public Domain Version
An ox knows his owner, and a donkey knows the manger of his lord, but Israel has not known me, and my people have not understood.

New American Bible
An ox knows its owner, and an ass, its master’s manger; But Israel does not know, my people has not understood.

New Revised Standard Version
The ox knows its owner, and the donkey its master’s crib; but Israel does not know, my people do not understand.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
The ox knows its owner, and the ass its master's crib; but Israel does not know, my people do not understand.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
The bull knows his owner and the male donkey the stall of his Master, and Israel does not know, nor have my people understood
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
The ox knoweth his owner, And the ass his master's crib; But Israel doth not know, My people doth not consider.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
The ox knows his owner, and the ass his master's crib: but Israel does not know me, and the people has not regarded me.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Judah's Rebellion
2Listen, O heavens, and give ear, O earth, for the LORD has spoken: “I have raised children and brought them up, but they have rebelled against Me. 3The ox knows its owner, and the donkey its master’s manger, but Israel does not know; My people do not understand.” 4Alas, O sinful nation, a people laden with iniquity, a brood of evildoers, children of depravity! They have forsaken the LORD; they have despised the Holy One of Israel and turned their backs on Him.…

Cross References
Jeremiah 8:7
Even the stork in the sky knows her appointed seasons. The turtledove, the swift, and the thrush keep their time of migration, but My people do not know the requirements of the LORD.

Hosea 4:6
My people are destroyed for lack of knowledge. Because you have rejected knowledge, I will also reject you as My priests. Since you have forgotten the law of your God, I will also forget your children.

Deuteronomy 32:28-29
Israel is a nation devoid of counsel, with no understanding among them. / If only they were wise, they would understand it; they would comprehend their fate.

Jeremiah 5:21
“Hear this, O foolish and senseless people, who have eyes but do not see, who have ears but do not hear.

Psalm 32:9
Do not be like the horse or mule, which have no understanding; they must be controlled with bit and bridle to make them come to you.

John 1:10-11
He was in the world, and though the world was made through Him, the world did not recognize Him. / He came to His own, and His own did not receive Him.

Matthew 13:13-15
This is why I speak to them in parables: ‘Though seeing, they do not see; though hearing, they do not hear or understand.’ / In them the prophecy of Isaiah is fulfilled: ‘You will be ever hearing but never understanding; you will be ever seeing but never perceiving. / For this people’s heart has grown callous; they hardly hear with their ears, and they have closed their eyes. Otherwise they might see with their eyes, hear with their ears, understand with their hearts, and turn, and I would heal them.’

Romans 1:21-22
For although they knew God, they neither glorified Him as God nor gave thanks to Him, but they became futile in their thinking and darkened in their foolish hearts. / Although they claimed to be wise, they became fools,

Ezekiel 12:2
“Son of man, you are living in a rebellious house. They have eyes to see but do not see, and ears to hear but do not hear, for they are a rebellious house.

Micah 6:3
‘My people, what have I done to you? Testify against Me how I have wearied you!

Luke 19:41-44
As Jesus approached Jerusalem and saw the city, He wept over it / and said, “If only you had known on this day what would bring you peace! But now it is hidden from your eyes. / For the days will come upon you when your enemies will barricade you and surround you and hem you in on every side. ...

1 Corinthians 2:14
The natural man does not accept the things that come from the Spirit of God. For they are foolishness to him, and he cannot understand them, because they are spiritually discerned.

Jeremiah 4:22
“For My people are fools; they have not known Me. They are foolish children, without understanding. They are skilled in doing evil, but they know not how to do good.”

Hosea 8:12
Though I wrote for them the great things of My law, they regarded them as something strange.

Acts 28:26-27
‘Go to this people and say, “You will be ever hearing but never understanding; you will be ever seeing but never perceiving.” / For this people’s heart has grown callous; they hardly hear with their ears, and they have closed their eyes. Otherwise they might see with their eyes, hear with their ears, understand with their hearts, and turn, and I would heal them.’


Treasury of Scripture

The ox knows his owner, and the ass his master's crib: but Israel does not know, my people does not consider.

ox

Proverbs 6:6
Go to the ant, thou sluggard; consider her ways, and be wise:

Jeremiah 8:7
Yea, the stork in the heaven knoweth her appointed times; and the turtle and the crane and the swallow observe the time of their coming; but my people know not the judgment of the LORD.

but Israel

Isaiah 5:12
And the harp, and the viol, the tabret, and pipe, and wine, are in their feasts: but they regard not the work of the LORD, neither consider the operation of his hands.

Isaiah 27:11
When the boughs thereof are withered, they shall be broken off: the women come, and set them on fire: for it is a people of no understanding: therefore he that made them will not have mercy on them, and he that formed them will shew them no favour.

Isaiah 44:18
They have not known nor understood: for he hath shut their eyes, that they cannot see; and their hearts, that they cannot understand.

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Isaiah 1
1. Isaiah complains of Judah for her rebellion
5. He laments her judgments
10. He upbraids their whole service
16. He exhorts to repentance, with promises and threats
21. Bewailing their wickedness, he denounces God's judgments
25. He promises grace
28. And threatens destruction to the wicked














The ox knows its owner
The word "ox" in Hebrew is "שׁוֹר" (shor), a domesticated animal known for its strength and utility in agricultural societies. In ancient Israel, the ox was a symbol of servitude and reliability. The phrase "knows its owner" implies an innate recognition and acknowledgment of the one who provides and cares for it. This highlights the natural order and instinctual loyalty found in creation, which serves as a stark contrast to Israel's spiritual condition. The ox's knowledge of its owner is a metaphor for the expected relationship between God and His people, where recognition and submission to divine authority should be instinctual.

and the donkey its master’s manger
The "donkey," or "חֲמוֹר" (chamor) in Hebrew, is another domesticated animal, often associated with humility and service. The "master’s manger" refers to the feeding trough, a place of sustenance and provision. The donkey's awareness of its master's manger signifies a basic understanding of where its needs are met. This imagery underscores the simplicity and faithfulness of animals in recognizing their source of provision, contrasting with Israel's failure to recognize God as their provider. The donkey's relationship with its master is a call to Israel to return to a simple, trusting relationship with God.

but Israel does not know
The term "Israel" refers to the nation chosen by God, descendants of Jacob, who was renamed Israel. The phrase "does not know" uses the Hebrew word "יָדַע" (yada), which implies an intimate, experiential knowledge rather than mere intellectual awareness. This lack of knowledge is not due to ignorance but a willful rejection of God. Despite being God's chosen people, Israel's failure to "know" Him reflects a spiritual blindness and rebellion. This serves as a call to self-examination for believers, urging them to seek a deeper, more personal relationship with God.

My people do not understand
"My people" is a term of endearment and covenant, indicating God's special relationship with Israel. The phrase "do not understand" uses the Hebrew "בִּין" (bin), meaning to discern or perceive. This lack of understanding is a moral and spiritual deficiency, not an intellectual one. It suggests a failure to grasp the significance of their covenant relationship with God and the moral implications of their actions. This indictment is a call to repentance and renewal, urging God's people to seek wisdom and understanding through His Word and Spirit. The verse challenges believers to cultivate a heart that seeks to understand God's will and purpose.

(3) The ox knoweth his owner . . .--As in Exodus 20:17; 1Samuel 12:3, the ox and the ass rather than, as with us, the horse and the dog, are the representative instances of the relation of domesticated animals to man. These know that relation, and act according to it; but Israel did not, or rather would not, know. So Jeremiah dwells, turning to a different region of animal life, on the instinct which leads the stork, the swallow, and the crane to fulfil the law of their being (Jeremiah 8:7), while Israel "knew not"--i.e., did not acknowledge--the law of Jehovah.

Verse 3. - The ox... the ass. The ox and the ass are probably selected as the least intelligent of domesticated animals (so Jerome, Rosenmüller, and Gesenius). Yet even they recognize their owner or master. Jeremiah contrasts the brutish stupidity of Israel with the wise instinct of animals that have not been domesticated, as the stork, the turtle-dove, the crane, and the swallow (Jeremiah 8:7). Israel doth not know; i.e. does not acknowledge its Master and Owner, pays him no respect, does not recognize him as either Owner or Master. My people. Compare the formula, so frequent in Exodus, "Let my people go" (Exodus 7:16; 8:1, 20; 9:1, etc.). Israel was God's people by election (Genesis 15:13), by covenant (Exodus 19:5-8; Exodus 24:3-8), by pardoning grace (Exodus 33:12-17). Despite all their backslidings, he had not yet cast them off. They are still "his people" in Isaiah from first to last, standing in contrast with "the nations, "or "the Gentiles, "among whom they are to be "set as a sign" (Isaiah 66:19). Doth net consider. Gesenius translates, "doth not consider thereof;" Cheyne, "is without understanding." Bishop Lowth retains the words of the Authorized Version. The meaning would seem to be, "My people doth not consider me, cloth not reflect on my relation to them as Lord and Master."

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
The ox
שׁוֹר֙ (šō·wr)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 7794: A head of cattle (bullock, ox, etcetera)

knows
יָדַ֥ע (yā·ḏa‘)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 3045: To know

its owner,
קֹנֵ֔הוּ (qō·nê·hū)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 7069: To erect, create, to procure, by purchase, to own

and the donkey
וַחֲמ֖וֹר (wa·ḥă·mō·wr)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 2543: A male ass

its master’s
בְּעָלָ֑יו (bə·‘ā·lāw)
Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 1167: A master, a husband, owner

manger,
אֵב֣וּס (’ê·ḇūs)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 18: A crib, feeding trough

but Israel
יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ (yiś·rā·’êl)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3478: Israel -- 'God strives', another name of Jacob and his desc

does not
לֹ֣א (lō)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

know;
יָדַ֔ע (yā·ḏa‘)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 3045: To know

My people
עַמִּ֖י (‘am·mî)
Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular
Strong's 5971: A people, a tribe, troops, attendants, a flock

do not
לֹ֥א (lō)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

understand.”
הִתְבּוֹנָֽן׃ (hiṯ·bō·w·nān)
Verb - Hitpael - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 995: To separate mentally, understand


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OT Prophets: Isaiah 1:3 The ox knows his owner and (Isa Isi Is)
Isaiah 1:2
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