from his drunkenness
The term "drunkenness" in Hebrew is "מִיֵּינוֹ" (miyeno), derived from "yayin," meaning wine. This highlights the dangers of excess and the loss of self-control. Noah, a righteous man chosen by God to preserve humanity, succumbs to the vulnerabilities of human nature. His drunkenness serves as a cautionary tale about the perils of overindulgence and the importance of maintaining sobriety in both physical and spiritual matters. It underscores the biblical principle that even the most faithful can falter, emphasizing the need for humility and reliance on God's strength.

and learned
The word "learned" is translated from the Hebrew "וַיֵּדַע" (vayeda), which means to know or perceive. This knowledge is not merely intellectual but experiential, as Noah comes to understand the actions and intentions of his son. It reflects a moment of revelation and insight, where hidden truths come to light. In a broader spiritual context, this learning process is akin to the discernment that believers are called to exercise, seeking wisdom and understanding in their walk with God.

what his youngest son
The phrase "his youngest son" refers to Ham, although the Hebrew text uses "בְּנוֹ הַקָּטָן" (beno hakaton), which can mean "his younger son" or "his little son." This designation highlights the familial relationship and the expectations of honor and respect within the family unit. In biblical times, the family was the primary social structure, and the actions of a son could bring either honor or shame to the father. This phrase serves as a reminder of the responsibilities children have towards their parents and the importance of upholding family values.

had done to him
The phrase "had done to him" is crucial in understanding the nature of Ham's transgression. The Hebrew "עָשָׂה לוֹ" (asah lo) implies an action that was both intentional and disrespectful. While the text does not specify the exact nature of Ham's deed, it is clear that it was an affront to Noah's dignity. This act serves as a warning against dishonoring one's parents and the broader implications of sin within a community. It calls believers to reflect on their actions and the impact they have on others, urging them to live in a way that honors God and respects the dignity of all individuals.

We must not extend, therefore, to Ham the curse pronounced upon Canaan. But what had Canaan done to deserve it? As the son, the little one, was not Ham, so certainly it was not Japheth, but probably it was Canaan. He was the youngest son of Ham, and in Hebrew "son" is occasionally used for grandson (Genesis 29:5; Genesis 31:55), and so he might be described as Noah's youngest son, being the youngest member of his family. Origen quotes a tradition that Canaan was the first who saw Noah's exposure, and that he told it to his father. Aben Ezra says that Canaan had done worse than mock, though the Scripture does not in words reveal his crime. With some such surmise we must be content; and the meaning seems to be, "Noah awoke from his wine, and knew what (Canaan) his youngest son (or grandson) had done unto him; and it was a deed so shameless that he said, 'Cursed be Canaan.'" . . .