Ezekiel 31:18
New International Version
“’Which of the trees of Eden can be compared with you in splendor and majesty? Yet you, too, will be brought down with the trees of Eden to the earth below; you will lie among the uncircumcised, with those killed by the sword. “’This is Pharaoh and all his hordes, declares the Sovereign LORD.’”

New Living Translation
“O Egypt, to which of the trees of Eden will you compare your strength and glory? You, too, will be brought down to the depths with all these other nations. You will lie there among the outcasts who have died by the sword. This will be the fate of Pharaoh and all his hordes. I, the Sovereign LORD, have spoken!”

English Standard Version
“Whom are you thus like in glory and in greatness among the trees of Eden? You shall be brought down with the trees of Eden to the world below. You shall lie among the uncircumcised, with those who are slain by the sword. “This is Pharaoh and all his multitude, declares the Lord GOD.”

Berean Standard Bible
Who then is like you in glory and greatness among the trees of Eden? You also will be brought down to the depths of the earth to be with the trees of Eden. You will lie among the uncircumcised, with those slain by the sword. This is Pharaoh and all his multitude, declares the Lord GOD.’”

King James Bible
To whom art thou thus like in glory and in greatness among the trees of Eden? yet shalt thou be brought down with the trees of Eden unto the nether parts of the earth: thou shalt lie in the midst of the uncircumcised with them that be slain by the sword. This is Pharaoh and all his multitude, saith the Lord GOD.

New King James Version
‘To which of the trees in Eden will you then be likened in glory and greatness? Yet you shall be brought down with the trees of Eden to the depths of the earth; you shall lie in the midst of the uncircumcised, with those slain by the sword. This is Pharaoh and all his multitude,’ says the Lord GOD.”

New American Standard Bible
“To which among the trees of Eden are you so alike in glory and greatness? Yet you will be brought down with the trees of Eden to the earth beneath; you will lie in the midst of the uncircumcised with those who were killed by the sword. This is Pharaoh and all his hordes!”’ declares the Lord GOD.”

NASB 1995
“To which among the trees of Eden are you thus equal in glory and greatness? Yet you will be brought down with the trees of Eden to the earth beneath; you will lie in the midst of the uncircumcised, with those who were slain by the sword. So is Pharaoh and all his hordes!"’ declares the Lord GOD.”

NASB 1977
“To which among the trees of Eden are you thus equal in glory and greatness? Yet you will be brought down with the trees of Eden to the earth beneath; you will lie in the midst of the uncircumcised, with those who were slain by the sword. So is Pharaoh and all his multitude!’” declares the Lord GOD.”

Legacy Standard Bible
“To which among the trees of Eden do you thus liken yourself in glory and greatness? Yet you will be brought down with the trees of Eden to the earth beneath; you will lie in the midst of the uncircumcised, with those who were slain by the sword. So is Pharaoh and all his multitude!”’ declares Lord Yahweh.”

Amplified Bible
“Which among the trees of Eden do you equal in glory and in greatness [O Egypt]? Yet you [also] will be brought down with the trees of Eden to the earth beneath (nether world). You will lie among the uncircumcised (the barbaric, the boorish, the crude) with those who were slain by the sword. This is how it shall be with Pharaoh and all his hordes!”’ says the Lord GOD.”

Christian Standard Bible
“ ‘Who then are you like in glory and greatness among Eden’s trees? You also will be brought down to the underworld to be with the trees of Eden. You will lie among the uncircumcised with those slain by the sword. This is Pharaoh and all his hordes. This is the declaration of the Lord GOD.’ ”

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Who then are you like in glory and greatness among Eden’s trees? You also will be brought down to the underworld to be with the trees of Eden. You will lie among the uncircumcised with those slain by the sword. This is Pharaoh and all his hordes"—the declaration of the Lord GOD.

American Standard Version
To whom art thou thus like in glory and in greatness among the trees of Eden? yet shalt thou be brought down with the trees of Eden unto the nether parts of the earth: thou shalt lie in the midst of the uncircumcised, with them that are slain by the sword. This is Pharaoh and all his multitude, saith the Lord Jehovah.

Contemporary English Version
King of Egypt, all these things will happen to you and your people! You were like this tree at one time--taller and stronger than anyone on earth. But now you will be chopped down, just as every tree in the garden of Eden must die. You will be sent down to the world of the dead, where you will join the godless and the other victims of violent death. I, the LORD God, have spoken.

English Revised Version
To whom art thou thus like in glory and in greatness among the trees of Eden? yet shalt thou be brought down with the trees of Eden unto the nether parts of the earth: thou shalt lie in the midst of the uncircumcised, with them that be slain by the sword. This is Pharaoh and all his multitude, saith the Lord GOD.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
" 'This tree is you, Pharaoh, and all your many people. No tree in Eden has ever been as honorable and as great as you. But you will be brought down below the earth with the trees of Eden. You will lie among the godless people who were killed in battle, declares the Almighty LORD.'"

Good News Translation
"The tree is the king of Egypt and all his people. Not even the trees in Eden were so tall and impressive. But now, like the trees of Eden, it will go down to the world of the dead and join the ungodly and those killed in battle. I have spoken," says the Sovereign LORD.

International Standard Version
So tell me now, which of the trees of Eden compares to you in glory or greatness? Nevertheless, you'll be brought down, along with those trees of Eden, to the earth below. You'll lie in the middle of the uncircumcised, with those who have been killed in war. Pharaoh and all his gang will be just like this!' declares the Lord GOD."

Majority Standard Bible
Who then is like you in glory and greatness among the trees of Eden? You also will be brought down to the depths of the earth to be with the trees of Eden. You will lie among the uncircumcised, with those slain by the sword. This is Pharaoh and all his multitude, declares the Lord GOD.??

NET Bible
Which of the trees of Eden was like you in majesty and loftiness? You will be brought down with the trees of Eden to the lower parts of the earth; you will lie among the uncircumcised, with those killed by the sword! This is what will happen to Pharaoh and all his hordes, declares the sovereign LORD.'"

New Heart English Bible
To whom are you thus like in glory and in greatness among the trees of Eden? Yet you will be brought down with the trees of Eden to the lower parts of the earth: you shall lie in the midst of the uncircumcised, with those who are slain by the sword. This is Pharaoh and all his multitude,' says the Lord GOD."

Webster's Bible Translation
To whom art thou thus like in glory and in greatness among the trees of Eden? yet shalt thou be brought down with the trees of Eden to the nether parts of the earth: thou shalt lie in the midst of the uncircumcised with them that are slain by the sword. This is Pharaoh and all his multitude, saith the Lord GOD.

World English Bible
“‘To whom are you thus like in glory and in greatness among the trees of Eden? Yet you will be brought down with the trees of Eden to the lower parts of the earth. You will lie in the middle of the uncircumcised, with those who are slain by the sword. “‘This is Pharaoh and all his multitude,’ says the Lord Yahweh.”
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
To whom have you been thus like, "" In glory and in greatness among the trees of Eden? And you have been brought down with the trees of Eden, "" To the lower earth, "" You lie in the midst of the uncircumcised, "" With the pierced of the sword. This [is] Pharaoh, and all his multitude, "" A declaration of Lord YHWH!”

Young's Literal Translation
Unto whom hast thou been thus like, In honour and in greatness among the trees of Eden, And thou hast been brought down with the trees of Eden, Unto the earth -- the lower part, In the midst of the uncircumcised thou liest, With the pierced of the sword? It is Pharaoh, and all his multitude, An affirmation of the Lord Jehovah!'

Smith's Literal Translation
To whom wert thou thus like in glory and in greatness among the trees of Men? and thou wert brought down with the trees of Eden to the earth underneath: in the midst of the uncircumcised thou shalt lie, with the wounded of the sword. This is Pharaoh and all his multitude, says the Lord Jehovah.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
To whom art thou like, O thou that art famous and lofty among the trees of pleasure? Behold, thou art brought down with the trees of pleasure to the lowest parts of the earth: thou shalt sleep in the midst of the uncircumcised, with them that are slain by the sword: this is Pharao, and all his multitude, saith the Lord God.

Catholic Public Domain Version
To whom can you be compared, O famous and sublime one, among the trees of pleasure? Behold, you have been brought down, with the trees of pleasure, to the lowest part of the earth. You will sleep in the midst of the uncircumcised, with those who have been slain by the sword. This is Pharaoh, and all his multitude, says the Lord God.”

New American Bible
To whom among the trees of Eden do you compare in glory and greatness? You will be brought down with the trees of Eden to the underworld, And lie among the uncircumcised, with those slain by the sword. Such is Pharaoh and all his hordes— oracle of the Lord GOD.

New Revised Standard Version
Which among the trees of Eden was like you in glory and in greatness? Now you shall be brought down with the trees of Eden to the world below; you shall lie among the uncircumcised, with those who are killed by the sword. This is Pharaoh and all his horde, says the Lord GOD.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
To whom are you thus like in glory and greatness among the trees of Eden? Yet you were brought down with the trees of Eden to the nether parts of the earth; you shall lie among the uncircumcised with those that are slain by the sword. This is the fate of Pharaoh and all his army, says the LORD God.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
To which of the trees of Eden are you compared in glory and in greatness? And you came down with the trees of Eden to the lower Earth. You shall lie among the uncircumcised with those who were killed by the sword. This is Pharaoh and all his army, says THE LORD OF LORDS
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
To whom art thou thus like in glory and in greatness among the trees of Eden? yet shall thou be brought down with the trees of Eden unto the nether parts of the earth; thou shalt lie in the midst of the uncircumcised, with them that are slain by the sword. This is Pharaoh and all his multitude, saith the Lord GOD.'

Brenton Septuagint Translation
To whom art thou compared? descend, and be thou debased with the trees of paradise to the depth of the earth: thou shalt lie in the midst of the uncircumcised with them that are slain by the sword. Thus shall Pharao be, and the multitude of his host, saith the Lord God.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Egypt will Fall Like Assyria
17They too descended with it to Sheol, to those slain by the sword. As its allies they had lived in its shade among the nations. 18 Who then is like you in glory and greatness among the trees of Eden? You also will be brought down to the depths of the earth to be with the trees of Eden. You will lie among the uncircumcised, with those slain by the sword. This is Pharaoh and all his multitude, declares the Lord GOD.’”

Cross References
Isaiah 14:9-15
Sheol beneath is eager to meet you upon your arrival. It stirs the spirits of the dead to greet you—all the rulers of the earth. It makes all the kings of the nations rise from their thrones. / They will all respond to you, saying, “You too have become weak, as we are; you have become like us!” / Your pomp has been brought down to Sheol, along with the music of your harps. Maggots are your bed and worms your blanket. ...

Daniel 4:10-14
In these visions of my mind as I was lying in bed, I saw this come to pass: There was a tree in the midst of the land, and its height was great. / The tree grew large and strong; its top reached the sky, and it was visible to the ends of the earth. / Its leaves were beautiful, its fruit was abundant, and upon it was food for all. Under it the beasts of the field found shelter, in its branches the birds of the air nested, and from it every creature was fed. ...

Revelation 18:7-8
As much as she has glorified herself and lived in luxury, give her the same measure of torment and grief. In her heart she says, ‘I sit as queen; I am not a widow and will never see grief.’ / Therefore her plagues will come in one day—death and grief and famine—and she will be consumed by fire, for mighty is the Lord God who judges her.”

Isaiah 2:12-17
For the Day of the LORD of Hosts will come against all the proud and lofty, against all that is exalted—it will be humbled— / against all the cedars of Lebanon, lofty and lifted up, against all the oaks of Bashan, / against all the tall mountains, against all the high hills, ...

Jeremiah 50:31-32
“Behold, I am against you, O arrogant one,” declares the Lord GOD of Hosts, “for your day has come, the time when I will punish you. / The arrogant one will stumble and fall with no one to pick him up. And I will kindle a fire in his cities to consume all those around him.”

Revelation 19:20-21
But the beast was captured along with the false prophet, who on its behalf had performed signs deceiving those who had the mark of the beast and worshiped its image. Both the beast and the false prophet were thrown alive into the fiery lake of burning sulfur. / And the rest were killed with the sword that proceeded from the mouth of the One seated on the horse. And all the birds gorged themselves on their flesh.

Isaiah 10:33-34
Behold, the Lord GOD of Hosts will lop off the branches with terrifying power. The tall trees will be cut down, the lofty ones will be felled. / He will clear the forest thickets with an axe, and Lebanon will fall before the Mighty One.

Matthew 11:23
And you, Capernaum, will you be lifted up to heaven? No, you will be brought down to Hades! For if the miracles that were performed in you had been performed in Sodom, it would have remained to this day.

Isaiah 37:24-25
Through your servants you have taunted the Lord, and you have said: “With my many chariots I have ascended to the heights of the mountains, to the remote peaks of Lebanon. I have cut down its tallest cedars, the finest of its cypresses. I have reached its farthest heights, the densest of its forests. / I have dug wells and drunk foreign waters. With the soles of my feet I have dried up all the streams of Egypt.”

Revelation 20:10
And the devil who had deceived them was thrown into the lake of fire and sulfur, into which the beast and the false prophet had already been thrown. There they will be tormented day and night forever and ever.

Isaiah 14:3-8
On the day that the LORD gives you rest from your pain and torment, and from the hard labor into which you were forced, / you will sing this song of contempt against the king of Babylon: How the oppressor has ceased, and how his fury has ended! / The LORD has broken the staff of the wicked, the scepter of the rulers. ...

Luke 10:15
And you, Capernaum, will you be lifted up to heaven? No, you will be brought down to Hades!

Isaiah 30:33
For Topheth has long been prepared; it has been made ready for the king. Its funeral pyre is deep and wide, with plenty of fire and wood. The breath of the LORD, like a torrent of burning sulfur, sets it ablaze.

Revelation 17:1-2
Then one of the seven angels with the seven bowls came and said to me, “Come, I will show you the punishment of the great prostitute, who sits on many waters. / The kings of the earth were immoral with her, and those who dwell on the earth were intoxicated with the wine of her immorality.”

Isaiah 13:19-22
And Babylon, the jewel of the kingdoms, the glory of the pride of the Chaldeans, will be overthrown by God like Sodom and Gomorrah. / She will never be inhabited or settled from generation to generation; no nomad will pitch his tent there, no shepherd will rest his flock there. / But desert creatures will lie down there, and howling creatures will fill her houses. Ostriches will dwell there, and wild goats will leap about. ...


Treasury of Scripture

To whom are you thus like in glory and in greatness among the trees of Eden? yet shall you be brought down with the trees of Eden to the nether parts of the earth: you shall lie in the middle of the uncircumcised with them that be slain by the sword. This is Pharaoh and all his multitude, said the Lord GOD.

art thou

Ezekiel 31:2
Son of man, speak unto Pharaoh king of Egypt, and to his multitude; Whom art thou like in thy greatness?

Ezekiel 32:19
Whom dost thou pass in beauty? go down, and be thou laid with the uncircumcised.

with the

Ezekiel 31:9,16
I have made him fair by the multitude of his branches: so that all the trees of Eden, that were in the garden of God, envied him…

thou shalt

Ezekiel 28:10
Thou shalt die the deaths of the uncircumcised by the hand of strangers: for I have spoken it, saith the Lord GOD.

Ezekiel 32:10,19,21,24
Yea, I will make many people amazed at thee, and their kings shall be horribly afraid for thee, when I shall brandish my sword before them; and they shall tremble at every moment, every man for his own life, in the day of thy fall…

1 Samuel 17:26,36
And David spake to the men that stood by him, saying, What shall be done to the man that killeth this Philistine, and taketh away the reproach from Israel? for who is this uncircumcised Philistine, that he should defy the armies of the living God? …

2 Chronicles 28:22
And in the time of his distress did he trespass yet more against the LORD: this is that king Ahaz.

Psalm 52:7
Lo, this is the man that made not God his strength; but trusted in the abundance of his riches, and strengthened himself in his wickedness.

Matthew 13:19
When any one heareth the word of the kingdom, and understandeth it not, then cometh the wicked one, and catcheth away that which was sown in his heart. This is he which received seed by the way side.

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Earth Eden Glory Greatness Lower Midst Multitude Parts Pharaoh Slain Sword Trees Uncircumcised
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Earth Eden Glory Greatness Lower Midst Multitude Parts Pharaoh Slain Sword Trees Uncircumcised
Ezekiel 31
1. A relation unto Pharaoh
3. of the glory of Assyria
10. and the fall thereof for pride
18. The like destruction of Egypt














Who then are you like in glory and greatness among the trees of Eden?
This phrase challenges the pride and self-exaltation of the Pharaoh of Egypt, drawing a comparison to the trees of Eden, which symbolize beauty, strength, and divine favor. The Hebrew word for "glory" (כָּבוֹד, kavod) often denotes weightiness or significance, suggesting that the Pharaoh's perceived majesty is being scrutinized against the divine standard of Eden. The "trees of Eden" evoke the perfection and abundance of God's original creation, a place of unparalleled beauty and divine presence. Historically, Eden represents the ideal state of creation, and the rhetorical question implies that no earthly power, including Egypt, can truly compare to God's perfect design.

Yet you will be brought down with the trees of Eden to the earth below
This phrase serves as a prophetic declaration of judgment. The Hebrew verb for "brought down" (יָרַד, yarad) conveys a descent from a high place, symbolizing humiliation and defeat. The imagery of being brought down "to the earth below" suggests a return to mortality and insignificance, contrasting with the lofty aspirations of the Pharaoh. The "trees of Eden" here are depicted as having shared a similar fate, reinforcing the theme that even the most splendid and seemingly invincible entities are subject to God's sovereign judgment. This serves as a sobering reminder of the transient nature of human power and the ultimate authority of God.

You will lie among the uncircumcised, with those slain by the sword
This phrase underscores the ignominious end awaiting the Pharaoh. The term "uncircumcised" in Hebrew (עָרֵל, arel) often denotes those outside the covenant community of Israel, symbolizing spiritual impurity and separation from God. To "lie among the uncircumcised" implies a loss of honor and identity, equating the Pharaoh with those who have no part in God's promises. The mention of being "slain by the sword" highlights the violent and disgraceful nature of his downfall, a fate common to those who oppose God's will. This serves as a stark warning against pride and rebellion, emphasizing the importance of humility and submission to God's authority.

This is Pharaoh and all his multitude, declares the Lord GOD
The concluding phrase identifies the subject of the prophecy and affirms its divine origin. "Pharaoh and all his multitude" refers to the king of Egypt and his people, symbolizing the collective pride and arrogance of a nation that has set itself against God. The phrase "declares the Lord GOD" (אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה, Adonai Yahweh) emphasizes the certainty and authority of the message, as it comes from the sovereign Creator and Ruler of the universe. This declaration serves as a powerful reminder of God's ultimate control over the nations and the futility of resisting His will. It calls believers to trust in God's justice and to live in accordance with His righteous standards.

(18) To whom art thou thus like.--In this closing verse the whole chapter is brought to a point. Egypt, like Assyria in glory, shall be like her in experience of the judgments of God. On "uncircumcised" comp. Note on Ezekiel 28:10.

Verse 18. - To whom art thou thus like, etc.? As in Ver. 10, the prophet passes from the past to the present, from the third person to the second, and as it were says to Hophra, "Thou art the man! all that I have said of Assyria is true of thee." This is Pharaoh and all his multitude. In the midst of thin uncircumcised (see note on Ezekiel 28:10). As a matter of fact, the Egyptians practiced circumcision, and Ezekiel must be thought of as using the term as simply an epithet of scorn.



Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Who
מִ֨י (mî)
Interrogative
Strong's 4310: Who?, whoever, in oblique construction with prefix, suffix

then
כָּ֛כָה (kā·ḵāh)
Adverb
Strong's 3602: Just so

is like you
דָמִ֥יתָ (ḏā·mî·ṯā)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singular
Strong's 1819: To compare, to resemble, liken, consider

in glory
בְּכָב֥וֹד (bə·ḵā·ḇō·wḏ)
Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 3519: Weight, splendor, copiousness

and greatness
וּבְגֹ֖דֶל (ū·ḇə·ḡō·ḏel)
Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 1433: Magnitude

among the trees
בַּעֲצֵי־ (ba·‘ă·ṣê-)
Preposition-b | Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 6086: Tree, trees, wood

of Eden?
עֵ֑דֶן (‘ê·ḏen)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 5731: Eden -- the garden home of Adam and Eve

You also will be brought down
וְהוּרַדְתָּ֨ (wə·hū·raḏ·tā)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hofal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singular
Strong's 3381: To come or go down, descend

to
אֶל־ (’el-)
Preposition
Strong's 413: Near, with, among, to

the depths
תַּחְתִּ֗ית (taḥ·tîṯ)
Adjective - feminine singular
Strong's 8482: Lowermost, the depths

of the earth
אֶ֣רֶץ (’e·reṣ)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 776: Earth, land

to be with
אֶת־ (’eṯ-)
Preposition
Strong's 854: Nearness, near, with, by, at, among

the trees
עֲצֵי־ (‘ă·ṣê-)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 6086: Tree, trees, wood

of Eden.
עֵ֜דֶן (‘ê·ḏen)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 5731: Eden -- the garden home of Adam and Eve

You will lie
תִּשְׁכַּב֙ (tiš·kaḇ)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular
Strong's 7901: To lie down

among
בְּת֨וֹךְ (bə·ṯō·wḵ)
Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 8432: A bisection, the centre

the uncircumcised,
עֲרֵלִ֤ים (‘ă·rê·lîm)
Adjective - masculine plural
Strong's 6189: Having foreskin (uncircumcised)

with
אֶת־ (’eṯ-)
Preposition
Strong's 854: Nearness, near, with, by, at, among

those slain
חַלְלֵי־ (ḥal·lê-)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 2491: Pierced, polluted

by the sword.
חֶ֔רֶב (ḥe·reḇ)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 2719: Drought, a cutting instrument, as a, knife, sword

This
ה֤וּא (hū)
Pronoun - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1931: He, self, the same, this, that, as, are

is Pharaoh
פַרְעֹה֙ (p̄ar·‘ōh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 6547: Pharaoh -- a title of Egypt kings

and all
וְכָל־ (wə·ḵāl)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

his multitude,
הֲמוֹנֹ֔ה‪‬ (hă·mō·w·nōh)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 1995: A noise, tumult, crowd, disquietude, wealth

declares
נְאֻ֖ם (nə·’um)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 5002: An oracle

the Lord
אֲדֹנָ֥י (’ă·ḏō·nāy)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 136: The Lord

GOD.??
יְהוִֽה׃ (Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3069: YHWH


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OT Prophets: Ezekiel 31:18 To whom are you thus like (Ezek. Eze Ezk)
Ezekiel 31:17
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