Darkness: Degrees of, Mentioned: Outer or Extreme
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Topical Encyclopedia
In the biblical context, darkness often symbolizes the absence of God's presence, judgment, or the state of spiritual blindness. The concept of "outer" or "extreme" darkness is particularly significant, as it denotes a profound separation from divine light and grace. This entry explores the scriptural references and theological implications of such darkness.

Scriptural References

1. Matthew 8:12 : "But the sons of the kingdom will be cast into the outer darkness, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth." This verse is part of Jesus' teaching on faith and the kingdom of heaven. Here, "outer darkness" is depicted as a place of exclusion and suffering, reserved for those who reject the message of the Gospel. It underscores the severity of being separated from God's kingdom.

2. Matthew 22:13 : "Then the king told the servants, ‘Tie him hand and foot, and throw him into the outer darkness, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.’" In the Parable of the Wedding Banquet, the outer darkness represents the fate of those who are unprepared or unworthy to enter the kingdom of heaven. It serves as a warning about the consequences of spiritual negligence.

3. Matthew 25:30 : "And throw that worthless servant into the outer darkness, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth." This passage is part of the Parable of the Talents, illustrating the judgment awaiting those who fail to use their God-given gifts responsibly. The outer darkness signifies the ultimate separation from the joy and fellowship of the Master.

Theological Implications

The concept of outer or extreme darkness in the Bible is closely associated with divine judgment and the finality of spiritual separation. It is often depicted as a place of intense sorrow and regret, characterized by "weeping and gnashing of teeth." This imagery conveys the anguish and despair of those who find themselves cut off from the presence and blessings of God.

From a theological perspective, outer darkness serves as a stark reminder of the consequences of sin and unbelief. It highlights the importance of faith, repentance, and obedience to God's will. The repeated use of this imagery in the teachings of Jesus emphasizes the reality of eternal separation for those who reject the Gospel.

In the broader biblical narrative, darkness is often contrasted with light, symbolizing the struggle between good and evil, knowledge and ignorance, salvation and condemnation. The extreme form of darkness, as described in these passages, represents the ultimate defeat and desolation that comes from turning away from God's truth and love.

Conclusion

While the Bible does not provide a detailed description of the nature of outer darkness, its consistent portrayal as a place of exclusion and torment underscores the gravity of spiritual separation from God. It serves as a powerful call to embrace the light of Christ and to live in accordance with His teachings, avoiding the peril of eternal darkness.
Torrey's Topical Textbook
Matthew 8:12
But the children of the kingdom shall be cast out into outer darkness: there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth.
Torrey's Topical Textbook

Library

Jews and Gentiles in "The Land"
... its boundaries an ascending scale of ten degrees of sanctity ... But "outside the land"
everything was darkness and death ... as in the similar case mentioned in Matthew ...
/.../edersheim/sketches of jewish social life/chapter 2 jews and gentiles.htm

The Almost Christian
... unprofitable servant was cast into outer darkness," and the ... the pitiable young man
before-mentioned, "they go ... always aspiring after farther degrees of purity ...
/.../whitefield/selected sermons of george whitefield/the almost christian.htm

The Royal Marriage Feast.
... take him away, and cast him into outer darkness; there shall ... manner of refusing,
and in the degrees of courage ... fault of those who are first mentioned takes the ...
/.../arnot/the parables of our lord/xii the royal marriage feast.htm

The Sermon on the Mount.
... benevolent disposition casts out revenge as light does darkness. ... But love has many
shades and degrees. ... collecting the taxes, but the publicans mentioned in the ...
/.../mcgarvey/the four-fold gospel/xlii the sermon on the 4.htm

Matthew xx. 1, and C.
... any such Imagination, as that before-mentioned: but an ... was to be opened by due Degrees,
even to ... ye the unprofitable Servant into outer Darkness: there shall be ...
/.../sermon xviii matthew xx 1.htm

Third Tractate. Problems of the Soul (1).
... in the passage in which we mentioned the secondary ... and dwindles to darkness; this
darkness, now lying ... a total " though a total of degrees, primary, secondary ...
/.../plotinus/the six enneads/third tractate problems of the.htm

A Message from the Crowned Christ
... The darkness thickens. ... faithfully given run a sliding scale outward and downward
in five degrees. ... his name not only in the family book, but mentioned by Christ ...
/.../iv a message from the crowned.htm

In Judaea
... City (commonly known as the Psalms of Degrees), that we ... the number of its synagogues
is mentioned as 460 ... mighty, and shame shall fill them: darkness shall be ...
/.../edersheim/sketches of jewish social life/chapter 5 in judaea.htm

Book Twelve the Mode of Creation and the Truth of Scripture. ...
... to mention otherwise than as "moving over" could then be mentioned. ... and we sing a
canticle of degrees [523] ; we ... between the time when we were darkness and the ...
/.../augustine/confessions and enchiridion/book twelve the mode of.htm

Life of Bunyan
... It was only by degrees that he was able to ... from him into heaven again," this horrible
darkness lasted no ... committed such things as there are mentioned; but not ...
//christianbookshelf.org/hamilton/life of bunyan/life of bunyan.htm

Resources
What is the witching hour, and is it in the Bible? | GotQuestions.org

What does it mean that God is light? | GotQuestions.org

What does it mean that Satan masquerades as an angel of light? | GotQuestions.org

Darkness: Dictionary and Thesaurus | Clyx.com

Bible ConcordanceBible DictionaryBible EncyclopediaTopical BibleBible Thesuarus
Subtopics

Darkness

Darkness of Judgments

Darkness of Spiritual Blindness

Darkness the Following Scriptures

Darkness: "Outer Darkness"

Darkness: "Power of Darkness"

Darkness: A Course of Sin

Darkness: Abstruse and Deep Subjects

Darkness: Anything Hateful

Darkness: Called Night

Darkness: Called the Swaddling Band of the Sea

Darkness: Cannot Hide Us from God

Darkness: Caused by the Setting of the Sun

Darkness: Created by God

Darkness: Degrees of, Mentioned: Great

Darkness: Degrees of, Mentioned: Gross

Darkness: Degrees of, Mentioned: Outer or Extreme

Darkness: Degrees of, Mentioned: That May be Felt

Darkness: Degrees of, Mentioned: Thick

Darkness: Effects of Causes Us to Go Astray

Darkness: Effects of Causes Us to Stumble

Darkness: Effects of Keeps Us from Seeing Objects

Darkness: Exhibits God's Power and Greatness

Darkness: God Creates

Darkness: Greatness and Unsearchableness of God

Darkness: Heavy Afflictions

Darkness: Ignorance and Error

Darkness: Inexplicable Nature of

Darkness: Miraculous in Egypt

Darkness: Miraculous: At Mount Sinai

Darkness: Miraculous: At the Crucifixion

Darkness: Miraculous: At the Death of Christ

Darkness: Miraculous: Before the Destruction of Jerusalem

Darkness: Miraculous: On Mount Sinai

Darkness: Miraculous: Over the Land of Egypt

Darkness: Often Put for Night

Darkness: Originally Covered the Earth

Darkness: Over the Face of the Earth

Darkness: Secrecy

Darkness: Separated from the Light

Darkness: The Grave

Darkness: The Power of Satan

Darkness: The Punishment of Devils and Wicked Men

Darkness: The Wicked are Full of

Darkness: The Wicked: Live In

Darkness: The Wicked: Perpetuate Their Designs In

Darkness: The Wicked: The Children of

Darkness: The Wicked: Walk In

Related Terms

Blackness (13 Occurrences)

Obscurity (10 Occurrences)

Gloom (29 Occurrences)

Death-shade (16 Occurrences)

Shades (29 Occurrences)

Gross (12 Occurrences)

Shines (15 Occurrences)

Noon (30 Occurrences)

Shineth (13 Occurrences)

Walks (51 Occurrences)

Noonday (13 Occurrences)

Outer (98 Occurrences)

Dense (11 Occurrences)

Whither (151 Occurrences)

Twilight (25 Occurrences)

Shine (62 Occurrences)

Noon-day (8 Occurrences)

Nether (19 Occurrences)

Gloominess (2 Occurrences)

Reserved (28 Occurrences)

Eclipse

Daylight (24 Occurrences)

Blackest (5 Occurrences)

Walketh (62 Occurrences)

Black (52 Occurrences)

Skies (36 Occurrences)

Covers (50 Occurrences)

Utter (111 Occurrences)

Shadow (72 Occurrences)

Thick (129 Occurrences)

Wickedness (232 Occurrences)

Light (2869 Occurrences)

Evening (163 Occurrences)

Ninth (35 Occurrences)

Outside (215 Occurrences)

O'clock (16 Occurrences)

Gnashing (10 Occurrences)

Grope (5 Occurrences)

Gnash (12 Occurrences)

Weeping (237 Occurrences)

Weep (97 Occurrences)

Teeth (50 Occurrences)

Reveals (14 Occurrences)

Enlighteneth (6 Occurrences)

Deepest (11 Occurrences)

Midday (11 Occurrences)

Bad (129 Occurrences)

Blinded (15 Occurrences)

Comprehend (9 Occurrences)

Canopy (8 Occurrences)

Attentively (35 Occurrences)

Afternoon (9 Occurrences)

Sixth (45 Occurrences)

Silenced (19 Occurrences)

Swaddlingband (1 Occurrence)

Shade (67 Occurrences)

Shined (9 Occurrences)

Swaddling-band (1 Occurrence)

Clouds (99 Occurrences)

Shone (27 Occurrences)

Wrapped (40 Occurrences)

Evil (1503 Occurrences)

Dark (234 Occurrences)

Lest (282 Occurrences)

Adversity (54 Occurrences)

Fellowship (114 Occurrences)

Paths (65 Occurrences)

Stretch (73 Occurrences)

Blind (91 Occurrences)

Walk (315 Occurrences)

Waited (72 Occurrences)

Dawn (70 Occurrences)

Deeds (309 Occurrences)

Knoweth (152 Occurrences)

Turns (80 Occurrences)

Rises (56 Occurrences)

Sitting (201 Occurrences)

Sheol (64 Occurrences)

Darkness: Degrees of, Mentioned: Gross
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