Then He called out
The phrase begins with a divine initiative, indicating God's direct involvement in the events that follow. The Hebrew root for "called out" is קָרָא (qara), which often signifies a summons or proclamation. This highlights the authority and urgency of God's command. In the context of Ezekiel's vision, it underscores the seriousness of the impending judgment and the divine orchestration behind it.

in my hearing
Ezekiel's role as a prophet is emphasized here. The phrase suggests that Ezekiel is not only a passive observer but an active participant in receiving and conveying God's message. The Hebrew word שָׁמַע (shama) implies attentive listening, which is crucial for a prophet tasked with delivering God's word to the people. This phrase reassures the reader of the authenticity and divine origin of the vision.

with a loud voice
The use of a "loud voice" signifies the importance and urgency of the message. In biblical literature, a loud voice often accompanies divine revelation or significant announcements (e.g., Revelation 1:10). It serves to capture attention and convey the gravity of the situation. The Hebrew word גָּדוֹל (gadol) for "loud" also implies greatness or intensity, reinforcing the critical nature of the forthcoming judgment.

saying, 'Draw near
The command "Draw near" is an imperative, indicating immediate action. The Hebrew root קָרַב (qarab) means to approach or come close. This phrase suggests that the executioners are to prepare for their task, highlighting the inevitability and proximity of judgment. It serves as a sobering reminder of the consequences of sin and the certainty of divine justice.

O executioners of the city
The "executioners" are agents of God's judgment, tasked with carrying out His will. The Hebrew word פָּקַד (paqad) can mean to appoint or muster, indicating that these executioners are divinely appointed. The reference to "the city" specifically points to Jerusalem, which had become corrupt and idolatrous. This phrase underscores the theme of accountability and the seriousness with which God views sin.

each with a weapon of destruction in his hand
The imagery of a "weapon of destruction" conveys the severity of the impending judgment. The Hebrew word כְּלִי (keli) for "weapon" can also mean tool or instrument, suggesting that these are instruments of divine justice. The phrase "in his hand" indicates readiness and capability to execute God's command. This serves as a powerful reminder of God's sovereignty and the ultimate authority He holds over life and death.

And I saw
The phrase "And I saw" indicates a direct vision given to Ezekiel, emphasizing the prophetic nature of the message. In Hebrew, the verb "saw" (רָאָה, ra'ah) often implies not just physical sight but spiritual insight or revelation. This vision is a divine communication, underscoring the seriousness and authority of the message Ezekiel is about to convey.

six men
The "six men" are symbolic figures, often interpreted as angelic beings or agents of God's judgment. The number six, just short of seven, which signifies completeness, may suggest an incomplete or ongoing process of judgment. These figures represent the execution of divine justice, a theme consistent throughout the prophetic literature.

coming from the direction of the upper gate, which faces north
The "upper gate, which faces north" is significant in the context of Jerusalem's geography and its spiritual symbolism. The north was often associated with danger and invasion, as historically, enemies like the Babylonians would approach from the north. This direction signifies impending judgment and the seriousness of the situation.

each with a weapon of slaughter in his hand
The "weapon of slaughter" symbolizes the impending judgment and destruction. In Hebrew, the word for "weapon" (כְּלִי, keli) can also mean tool or instrument, indicating that these are instruments of divine justice. The imagery is stark and serves as a warning of the severity of God's judgment against sin.

With them was a man clothed in linen
The "man clothed in linen" is often interpreted as a figure of purity and holiness, possibly an angel or a pre-incarnate appearance of Christ. Linen garments were worn by priests, signifying purity and service to God. This figure stands apart from the others, indicating a different role, likely one of mercy or intercession.

who had a writing kit at his side
The "writing kit" suggests a role of recording or marking, possibly for preservation or distinction. In ancient times, scribes used writing kits to record important information. This figure's task is to mark those who lament over the abominations in Jerusalem, distinguishing them from those destined for judgment.

They came in and stood beside the bronze altar
The "bronze altar" is a central element in the temple, associated with sacrifice and atonement. Standing beside the altar signifies the intersection of judgment and mercy. The altar, a place of sacrifice, reminds the reader of the need for atonement and the seriousness of sin, while also pointing to the hope of redemption through sacrifice.

Then the glory of the God of Israel
The phrase "the glory of the God of Israel" refers to the visible manifestation of God's presence and majesty. In Hebrew, "glory" is "kavod," which conveys a sense of weightiness and honor. Historically, the glory of God was associated with the Shekinah, the divine presence that dwelt in the Tabernacle and later the Temple. This glory signifies God's holiness and His covenant relationship with Israel. It is a reminder of His faithfulness and the reverence due to Him.

rose from above the cherubim
The "cherubim" are angelic beings often depicted as guardians of sacred spaces. In the context of the Temple, they are associated with the Ark of the Covenant, where God's presence was believed to dwell. The Hebrew word "keruvim" suggests beings of great power and mystery. The movement of God's glory from above the cherubim indicates a significant shift, symbolizing God's impending judgment and the withdrawal of His protective presence from the Temple due to the people's unfaithfulness.

where it had been
This phrase underscores the previous dwelling of God's glory, emphasizing the stability and constancy of His presence with Israel. The past tense "had been" suggests a change, highlighting the seriousness of the situation. It serves as a sobering reminder of the consequences of Israel's disobedience and the loss of divine favor when God's commands are not followed.

to the threshold of the temple
The "threshold of the temple" marks a boundary between the sacred and the profane. In ancient Near Eastern culture, thresholds were significant as places of transition and decision. The movement of God's glory to the threshold signifies a pivotal moment, a pause before action, indicating that judgment is imminent. It is a call for repentance and a final opportunity for the people to turn back to God.

And He called to the man
The act of calling signifies divine initiative and authority. In this context, "the man" refers to a figure tasked with carrying out God's judgment. This calling is reminiscent of prophetic commissions throughout Scripture, where God appoints individuals to execute His will. It underscores the seriousness of the message and the certainty of its fulfillment.

clothed in linen
Linen garments are often associated with purity and holiness in the Bible. Priests wore linen when serving in the Temple, symbolizing their consecration to God. The man clothed in linen represents a divine messenger, set apart for a sacred task. This attire underscores the righteousness and solemnity of the impending judgment, as well as the hope for eventual purification and restoration.

who had the writing kit at his side
The "writing kit" indicates a role of recording or marking, suggesting a task of documentation or distinction. In ancient times, scribes used such kits to inscribe important decrees or records. This imagery conveys the idea of divine judgment being carefully noted and executed with precision. It serves as a reminder of God's omniscience and the accountability of His people to His laws.

Go throughout the city of Jerusalem
The phrase begins with a divine command, emphasizing the urgency and authority of God's directive. The Hebrew root for "go" (עבר, 'abar) implies a thorough and comprehensive action, suggesting that the task is to be executed with diligence and precision. Jerusalem, the city of God, holds significant historical and theological importance as the center of Jewish worship and the location of the Temple. This command underscores the gravity of the situation, as the city, once a symbol of divine presence, is now a place of judgment due to widespread sin.

said the LORD
This phrase establishes the source of the command as Yahweh, the covenant-keeping God of Israel. The use of "LORD" (יהוה, YHWH) in Hebrew signifies the personal and relational nature of God, who is both just and merciful. It reminds the reader of God's sovereignty and His righteous standards, which have been violated by the people of Jerusalem.

and put a mark on the foreheads
The act of marking is significant in biblical literature, often symbolizing protection, ownership, or distinction. The Hebrew word for "mark" (תו, tav) is the last letter of the Hebrew alphabet, and in ancient script, it resembled a cross or X. This mark serves as a sign of divine protection, reminiscent of the blood on the doorposts during the Passover (Exodus 12:7). The forehead, being the most visible part of the body, indicates an open declaration of allegiance to God and separation from the sinful practices of the city.

of the men sighing and groaning
This phrase highlights the emotional and spiritual response of a remnant within Jerusalem. The Hebrew words for "sighing" (אנח, 'anach) and "groaning" (נאנח, na'ach) convey deep distress and lamentation over the moral decay and idolatry present in the city. These individuals are not indifferent to sin; rather, they are deeply troubled by it, demonstrating a heart aligned with God's righteousness. Their response sets them apart as those who are sensitive to the Spirit and grieved by what grieves God.

over all the abominations committed there
The term "abominations" (תועבות, to'evot) refers to actions that are detestable and repugnant to God, often associated with idolatry and moral corruption. The historical context of Ezekiel's prophecy includes rampant idolatry, social injustice, and covenant unfaithfulness in Jerusalem. This phrase underscores the comprehensive nature of the sin, affecting all aspects of society. The marked individuals are those who recognize the severity of these abominations and stand in opposition to them, embodying a call to holiness and repentance.

And as I listened
This phrase indicates the attentive posture of the prophet Ezekiel. The Hebrew root for "listened" is "שָׁמַע" (shama), which implies not just hearing but understanding and obeying. In the biblical context, listening is often associated with obedience to God's commands. Ezekiel's role as a prophet required him to be attuned to God's voice, emphasizing the importance of spiritual receptivity in fulfilling God's will.

He said to the others
The "He" refers to God, who is issuing a command to the angelic executioners. The phrase underscores God's sovereign authority and His ability to direct both heavenly and earthly beings. The "others" are likely the six men mentioned earlier in the chapter, representing divine agents of judgment. This highlights the biblical theme of God using His messengers to carry out His purposes on earth.

Follow him through the city
The command to "follow him" suggests a structured and deliberate action. The Hebrew word for "follow" is "עָבַר" (avar), meaning to pass over or through. This indicates a thorough and comprehensive execution of judgment. The "city" refers to Jerusalem, symbolizing the center of God's chosen people who have turned away from Him. This phrase serves as a sobering reminder of the consequences of collective disobedience and idolatry.

and start killing
This phrase is stark and direct, reflecting the severity of God's judgment. The Hebrew root "הָרַג" (harag) means to kill or slay. In the context of Ezekiel, this judgment is a response to the rampant sin and idolatry in Jerusalem. It serves as a divine purging, a necessary act to restore holiness among God's people. This difficult passage challenges readers to consider the seriousness of sin and the holiness of God.

do not show pity
The command to "not show pity" emphasizes the impartiality and righteousness of divine judgment. The Hebrew word "חָמַל" (chamal) means to spare or have compassion. In this context, it underscores the idea that God's justice is not swayed by human emotions or relationships. It serves as a reminder that God's ways and thoughts are higher than ours, and His judgments are always just.

or spare anyone
The phrase "spare anyone" reiterates the totality of the judgment. The Hebrew root "חָסַךְ" (chasak) means to withhold or refrain. This highlights the comprehensive nature of the divine decree, where no one is exempt from accountability. It serves as a sobering reminder of the universal call to repentance and the reality of divine justice for all, regardless of status or position.

Slaughter the old men, the young men and maidens, the women and children
This phrase is a direct command from God, delivered through the prophet Ezekiel, and it reflects the severity of divine judgment. The Hebrew root for "slaughter" is "הַרְגוּ" (hargu), which conveys a sense of complete and utter destruction. This is not a random act of violence but a divinely ordained judgment against those who have turned away from God. The inclusion of "old men, the young men and maidens, the women and children" emphasizes the totality of the judgment. In ancient Near Eastern culture, these groups represented the entirety of society, indicating that no one is exempt from the consequences of sin.

but do not go near anyone who has the mark
The "mark" here is a sign of divine protection, reminiscent of the blood on the doorposts during the Passover in Exodus. The Hebrew word for "mark" is "תו" (tav), which can also mean a sign or a covenant. This mark signifies those who are faithful to God and have been set apart from the impending judgment. It serves as a powerful reminder of God's mercy and grace, even amidst judgment, highlighting the theme of divine protection for the righteous.

Begin at My sanctuary
The phrase "Begin at My sanctuary" underscores the principle that judgment starts with the house of God. The Hebrew word for "sanctuary" is "מִקְדָּשׁ" (miqdash), referring to the holy place where God's presence dwells. Historically, the sanctuary was the temple in Jerusalem, the center of religious life for the Israelites. This command indicates that those who are closest to God, who have the greatest knowledge of His ways, are held to a higher standard of accountability. It serves as a sobering reminder that proximity to the divine does not exempt one from judgment but rather increases responsibility.

So they began with the elders who were before the temple
The "elders" were leaders and representatives of the people, responsible for guiding them in spiritual and communal matters. The Hebrew term "זְקֵנִים" (zeqenim) denotes those with authority and wisdom. By starting with the elders, the judgment highlights the failure of leadership in maintaining faithfulness to God. This historical context reflects the broader biblical theme that leaders are accountable for the spiritual health of their communities. The phrase "before the temple" indicates their position of influence and responsibility within the religious structure, emphasizing that those in positions of spiritual authority are judged first.

Then He said to them
This phrase indicates a direct command from God, emphasizing His sovereign authority. In the Hebrew text, the word for "said" is "אָמַר" (amar), which is often used to convey divine communication. This highlights the seriousness and divine origin of the instructions given to the executioners, underscoring that this is not a human decision but a divine mandate.

Defile the temple
The Hebrew word for "defile" is "טָמֵא" (tame), which means to make unclean or impure. In the context of the temple, which was considered the holiest place for the Israelites, this command is shocking and signifies the extent of Israel's sin. The temple, once a place of worship and God's presence, is now to be desecrated as a symbol of judgment against the people's idolatry and rebellion.

and fill the courts with the slain
The "courts" refer to the outer areas of the temple complex, which were accessible to the people. The imagery of filling these courts with the "slain" is a vivid depiction of the impending judgment. Historically, this reflects the severity of God's wrath against persistent sin and the consequences of turning away from His commandments. It serves as a stark reminder of the holiness of God and the seriousness of sin.

Go forth!
This command is an imperative, urging immediate action. The Hebrew root "יָצָא" (yatsa) means to go out or proceed. It conveys urgency and the inevitability of God's judgment. The executioners are to carry out their task without delay, symbolizing the swift and certain nature of divine justice.

So they went out and began killing throughout the city
This phrase describes the execution of God's judgment. The act of "killing" is a direct consequence of the people's unrepentant sin. The historical context here is crucial, as it reflects the Babylonian invasion and the destruction that followed due to Israel's disobedience. Theologically, it serves as a sobering reminder of the consequences of sin and the importance of repentance and obedience to God.

While they were striking the city
This phrase refers to the execution of divine judgment upon Jerusalem. The Hebrew root for "striking" is "נכה" (nakah), which implies a decisive and often violent action. Historically, this reflects the Babylonian siege and destruction of Jerusalem, a pivotal event in Jewish history. Theologically, it underscores God's righteousness and the seriousness of sin, reminding believers of the consequences of turning away from God.

I alone was left
Ezekiel's position as the sole observer highlights his role as a prophet and intercessor. The Hebrew word "נותר" (nothar) means to remain or be left behind, suggesting a remnant theme. This remnant concept is crucial in Scripture, symbolizing hope and continuity of God's covenant people despite widespread judgment. It reassures believers that God always preserves a faithful remnant.

and I fell facedown
This act of falling facedown is a posture of humility, submission, and worship. In Hebrew culture, prostration was a common response to divine encounters, indicating reverence and desperation. For Christians, it serves as a model of how to approach God in prayer, especially in times of crisis or when seeking mercy.

and cried out
The Hebrew verb "צעק" (tsa'aq) conveys a loud, urgent plea. This cry is not just a physical act but an expression of deep emotional and spiritual distress. It reflects the prophet's empathy for his people and his understanding of the gravity of the situation. Believers are reminded of the power of earnest prayer and intercession.

Alas, Lord GOD!
The exclamation "Alas" translates the Hebrew "אהה" (ahah), a term of lament and sorrow. "Lord GOD" combines "אדני יהוה" (Adonai Yahweh), emphasizing God's sovereignty and covenantal relationship with Israel. This invocation acknowledges God's authority and appeals to His mercy, teaching Christians to balance reverence with intimacy in prayer.

Will You destroy the entire remnant of Israel
Ezekiel's question reveals his concern for the survival of God's people. The term "remnant" is significant, as it represents those who remain faithful amidst widespread apostasy. This reflects a recurring biblical theme where God preserves a group through whom He fulfills His promises. It encourages believers to remain steadfast, trusting in God's faithfulness.

when You pour out Your wrath on Jerusalem?
The imagery of "pouring out" wrath suggests a deliberate and overwhelming judgment. The Hebrew "שפך" (shaphak) conveys the idea of spilling or shedding, often used in contexts of divine retribution. This serves as a sobering reminder of God's holiness and justice. For Christians, it underscores the importance of repentance and the hope found in Christ, who bore God's wrath on behalf of humanity.

He answered me
This phrase indicates a direct communication between God and the prophet Ezekiel. The Hebrew root for "answered" is עָנָה (anah), which implies a response to a call or a question. In the context of Ezekiel's vision, it underscores the immediacy and personal nature of God's interaction with His prophets. This divine communication is a hallmark of the prophetic experience, emphasizing that God is not distant but actively engaged with His chosen messengers.

The iniquity of the house of Israel and Judah
The term "iniquity" comes from the Hebrew עָוֹן (avon), which refers to guilt or sin, particularly in a moral or ethical sense. The "house of Israel and Judah" signifies the entire nation, both the northern and southern kingdoms, highlighting the collective responsibility and widespread nature of their sin. Historically, this period was marked by idolatry and social injustice, which were rampant despite repeated prophetic warnings. This phrase serves as a reminder of the covenantal relationship between God and His people, where disobedience leads to judgment.

is exceedingly great
The Hebrew word for "exceedingly" is מְאֹד (meod), which intensifies the degree of the iniquity. This phrase emphasizes the severity and magnitude of the people's sins. It reflects a situation where the moral and spiritual decay has reached a critical point, necessitating divine intervention. The historical context reveals a society that has strayed far from God's laws, illustrating the consequences of persistent rebellion against divine commandments.

The land is full of bloodshed
"Bloodshed" in Hebrew is דָּם (dam), often associated with violence and murder. This phrase paints a picture of a society plagued by violence and injustice. Archaeological findings from this period show evidence of social unrest and conflict, corroborating the biblical narrative. The imagery of a land "full of bloodshed" underscores the breakdown of societal order and the prevalence of lawlessness, which are direct violations of God's commandments.

and the city is full of perversity
"Perversity" is translated from the Hebrew תַּהְפֻּכוֹת (tahpukoth), which denotes moral corruption and deviation from what is right. The "city" likely refers to Jerusalem, the spiritual and political center of the nation. This phrase highlights the moral decay within the heart of the nation, where even the city meant to be a beacon of God's presence has become corrupt. It serves as a warning of the consequences when a society turns away from divine truth.

For they say, ‘The LORD has forsaken the land; the LORD does not see.’
This statement reflects a theological misunderstanding and a loss of faith among the people. The belief that "The LORD has forsaken the land" and "does not see" indicates a perception of divine abandonment and a denial of God's omniscience. Historically, this sentiment may have arisen due to prolonged suffering or the apparent success of their enemies. However, from a scriptural perspective, it reveals a lack of trust in God's promises and a failure to recognize His sovereignty and justice. This phrase serves as a caution against doubting God's presence and awareness, reminding believers of the importance of faith even in times of trial.

But as for Me
This phrase emphasizes the personal resolve and authority of God. In the Hebrew text, the pronoun "Me" (אֲנִי, 'ani) is emphatic, underscoring God's direct involvement and decision-making. It highlights the divine prerogative and the distinction between God's actions and human expectations. In the context of Ezekiel, God is asserting His sovereign right to judge, independent of human sentiment or intervention.

My eye will not spare
The "eye" in Hebrew thought often symbolizes perception and judgment. The phrase "will not spare" (לֹא־תָחוּס, lo tachus) indicates a deliberate withholding of mercy. Historically, this reflects the period of the Babylonian siege, where divine judgment was executed without reprieve. It serves as a sobering reminder of the seriousness of sin and the certainty of divine justice when repentance is absent.

nor will I have pity
The Hebrew word for "pity" (וְלֹא־אֶחְמֹל, ve'lo echmol) conveys compassion or mercy. In this context, it underscores the severity of the judgment due to the people's persistent rebellion. This phrase is a stark reminder of the holiness of God and the consequences of turning away from His statutes. It challenges believers to consider the gravity of sin and the importance of aligning with God's will.

I will bring their deeds down upon their own heads
This phrase is a vivid depiction of retributive justice, where actions have direct consequences. The Hebrew word for "deeds" (דַּרְכֵיהֶם, darkeihem) refers to the paths or ways of the people, indicating their habitual conduct. The imagery of bringing deeds "down upon their own heads" suggests a boomerang effect of sin, where the consequences are inescapable and self-inflicted. This serves as a powerful call to accountability and repentance, urging believers to reflect on their actions and their alignment with God's righteousness.

Then the man
This phrase refers to a specific figure in Ezekiel's vision, often interpreted as an angelic being or a divine messenger. In the context of Ezekiel 9, this "man" is tasked with marking the foreheads of those who lament the abominations in Jerusalem. The Hebrew word for "man" here is "אִישׁ" (ish), which can denote a human or a figure of authority. This highlights the role of divine agents in executing God's will, emphasizing the seriousness and sacredness of the task.

clothed in linen
Linen garments are significant in biblical texts, often associated with purity, holiness, and priestly duties. The Hebrew word "בַּד" (bad) for linen suggests a fabric used in sacred contexts, such as the garments of the high priest (Exodus 28:39-42). This attire indicates the man's role as a holy servant, set apart for a divine mission, underscoring the purity required to carry out God's commands.

with the writing kit at his side
The presence of a writing kit, or "קֶסֶת הַסּוֹפֵר" (keset ha-sofer), signifies the importance of recording and marking, a task of precision and authority. In ancient Near Eastern cultures, scribes held significant roles in documenting decrees and events. This imagery conveys the meticulous nature of God's judgment and the careful selection of those who are to be spared, reflecting the divine order and justice.

brought back word
This phrase indicates the completion of a task and the return to report to a higher authority. The Hebrew "וַיָּשָׁב" (vayashav) implies a return or response, suggesting accountability and obedience. It highlights the faithfulness of the divine messenger in fulfilling God's command, serving as a model of obedience for believers.

saying, 'I have done as You commanded.'
The declaration of obedience, "I have done as You commanded," underscores the theme of submission to divine authority. The Hebrew "כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוִּיתָנִי" (ka'asher tzivitani) reflects a direct fulfillment of God's instructions. This statement serves as a powerful reminder of the importance of faithfulness and the fulfillment of God's will, encouraging believers to trust and obey God's commands fully.